269 lines
32 KiB
XML
269 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="FEE0E13F203F774BDA69C5E834CB930B" ID-CLB-Dataset="305499" ID-DOI="10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a17" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8fc26efa-4ffb-4993-bf58-7fb38916b793" ID-ISSN="1777-571X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11387624" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C0E27E25-6719-40FD-A2B8-829B484D6C13" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1732639101882" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Blake, Daniel B. & Lefebvre, Bertrand" docDate="2024" docId="267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93" docLanguage="en" docName="CRPalevol.23.17.217-239.pdf" docOrigin="Comptes Rendus Palevol 23 (17)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a17" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DACF86F01658A8850E13A63D98C287FD.1:CRPalevol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="DACF86F01658A8850E13A63D98C287FD" docStyleName="CRPalevol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Petraster ramseyensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="226" masterDocId="DA458879793CFFF5A662FFF29C26FFA1" masterDocTitle="Ordovician Petraster Billings, 1858 (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) and early asteroid skeletal differentiation" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="217" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1734637752356" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2E09AAD767FFFF3B39C6A4A484EFFF07">Ordovician Petraster Billings, 1858 (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) and early asteroid skeletal differentiation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7460EF068CC1490407DED8F8BA71A850">Blake, Daniel B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="688BEA4BF78060FBE10B7BB5351DB7C3">Departement of Earth Sciences and Environmental Change, University of Illinois, 3081 NHB, 1301 West Green Street, 61801 Urbana, IL (United States)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="610C29FB2A6A221F25002E167113AE9E" type="email">dblake@illinois.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9D5715E107060E811E50AFE8A5DC0665">Lefebvre, Bertrand</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4B372F22973542D1722D84522FC659F5">Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENSL, CNRS, LGL-TPE, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre, F- 69622 Villeurbanne (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5EE91382C7E6CD975CBA84A2197C9014" type="email">bertrand.lefebvre@univ-lyon1.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="22CAF2FD72CD8ACA5C618EE43400E2C8">Comptes Rendus Palevol</mods:title>
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<treatment id="267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14232129" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247601101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14232129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" scope_class="Asteroidea" scope_phylum="Echinodermata">
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<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA762FDE59EADFD90" box="[256,651,534,561]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA762FDE59EADFD90" blockId="11.[256,651,534,593]" box="[256,651,534,561]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<heading id="F522F67B7937FFFEA762FDE59EADFD90" box="[256,651,534,561]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA762FDE59EADFD90" authority="(Hicks, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Hicks" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[256,651,534,561]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
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<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA762FDE59D46FD90" bold="true" box="[256,352,535,561]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Petraster</emphasis>
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?
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<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA713FDE49DCBFD91" bold="true" box="[369,493,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">ramseyensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA799FDE59EA5FD90" author="HICKS H." box="[507,643,535,561]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="39 - 52" refId="ref16203" refString="HICKS H. 1873. - On the Tremadoc rocks in the neighborhood of St. David's, South Wales, and their fossil contents. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 29: 39 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / GSL. JGS. 1873.029.01 - 02.11" type="journal article" year="1873">Hicks, 1873</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA7F7FDC59DD0FDF0" box="[405,502,566,593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA7F7FDC59DD0FDF0" blockId="11.[256,651,534,593]" box="[405,502,566,593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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(
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<figureCitation id="36EE5D927937FFFEA7FCFDC49DC8FDF0" box="[414,494,566,593]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[134,144,1411,1428]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1367]" captionTargetId="figure-425@6.[698,1267,746,1280]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — Problematic species of Petraster Billings, 1858: A1, A2, Petraster rigidus (Billings, 1858), generic type species;Trenton Limestone, Late Ordovician (Sandbian-early Katian), 45°026’37”N, 75°026’9”W, Ottawa, Canada; original specimen, holotype GSC 1401; A1, specimen remnant, surfaces of disk ossicles to left appearing largely unaltered, those to right more abraded thereby obscuring original surface appearances; A2, specimen wetted, axillary of interbrachium to left is triangular, possible second axillary (lower left arrow) immediately distal of MAO pair at base of single actinal series. Ossicles to right interbrachium altered but appearance unlike those to left interbrachium, significance of diagenetic alteration uncertain; upper two arrows mark position of inferomarginal near apparent termini of actinal series. Ossicles edging adaxial at one arm margin (arrow to lower right) appearing somewhat enlarged as compared to traces at other arm margins, the nature of the skeleton aboral to inferomarginals obscure; B1-B3, Petraster? ramseyensis (Hicks, 1873); Early Ordovician (early Arenig); Ramsey Island, Wales; latex casts; B1, B2, NHM E13707 = Manchester L10038, abactinals are differentiated, carinals (B1, arrow) bordered by small rectangular adradials, two marginal series; aboral disk largely lost, madreporite? (B2, arrow) remains; B3, NHM E13703 = Manchester L10036a distended specimen in oral aspect, ambulacra variously flattened, inferomarginals, adaxials, and axials dominate; possible axillary (arrow). Scale bars: A1, A2, B2, B3, 5 mm; B1, 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14531862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14531862/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA6E6FD9D9E5EFCC0" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FD9D9E8BFD29" blockId="11.[132,685,623,648]" box="[132,685,623,648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8EC566397937FFFEA6E6FD9D9E8BFD29" box="[132,685,623,648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitation id="2F7467067937FFFEA6E6FD9D9E26FD26" author="HICKS H." box="[132,512,623,648]" page="51" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" year="1873">
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<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA6E6FD9D9E26FD26" authority="Hicks, 1873: 51" authorityName="Hicks" authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="1873" box="[132,512,623,648]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Palasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
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||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA6E6FD9D9D7CFD26" box="[132,346,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Palasterina ramseyensis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA702FD9D9E26FD26" author="HICKS H." box="[352,512,623,648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="39 - 52" refId="ref16203" refString="HICKS H. 1873. - On the Tremadoc rocks in the neighborhood of St. David's, South Wales, and their fossil contents. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 29: 39 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / GSL. JGS. 1873.029.01 - 02.11" type="journal article" year="1873">Hicks, 1873: 51</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 4, figs 21-23.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FD6D9E76FD16" blockId="11.[132,592,671,695]" box="[132,592,671,695]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8EC566397937FFFEA6E6FD6D9E76FD16" box="[132,592,671,695]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA6E6FD6D9D44FD16" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1873" box="[132,354,671,695]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Palasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
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<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA6E6FD6D9CCAFD16" box="[132,236,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Palasterina</emphasis>
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?
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<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA698FD529D44FD16" box="[250,354,672,695]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">ramseyensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="2F7467067937FFFEA71EFD6D9E6AFD16" author="SCHUCHERT C." box="[380,588,671,695]" page="154" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" year="1915">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA71EFD6D9E6AFD16" author="SCHUCHERT C." box="[380,588,671,695]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 311" refId="ref17666" refString="SCHUCHERT C. 1915. - Revision of Paleozoic Stelleroidea with special reference to North American Asteroidea. Bulletin of the U. S. National Museum 88: 1 - 311." type="journal article" year="1915">Schuchert 1915: 154</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FD3D9DE7FCA0" blockId="11.[132,774,719,769]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8EC566397937FFFEA6E6FD3D9DE7FCA0" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA6E6FD3D9D7EFD47" baseAuthorityName="Hicks" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[132,344,719,742]" genus="Uranaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
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<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA6E6FD3D9D7EFD47" box="[132,344,719,742]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Uranaster ramseyensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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<treatmentCitation id="2F7467067937FFFEA71AFD3D9E1FFD46" author="SPENCER W. K." box="[376,569,719,743]" page="109" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" year="1918">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA71AFD3D9E1FFD46" author="SPENCER W. K." box="[376,569,719,743]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="109 - 168" refId="ref17918" refString="SPENCER W. K. 1918. - A Monograph of the British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Part III. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society 70 (338): 109 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 026934 45.1918. 12088367" type="journal article" year="1918">Spencer 1918: 109</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 4, figs 1-4; text figs 64-66. —
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<treatmentCitation id="2F7467067937FFFEA770FD1B9D9BFCA0" author="OWEN H. G." box="[274,445,745,769]" page="567" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" year="1965">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA770FD1B9D9BFCA0" author="OWEN H. G." box="[274,445,745,769]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="541 - 583" refId="ref17454" refString="OWEN H. G. 1965. - The British Palaeozoic Asterozoa: Table of contents, supplement and index. Palaeontographical Society of London (Monograph; 1964), London: 541 - 583." type="book chapter" year="1965">Owen 1965: 567</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FCE89DD1FC90" blockId="11.[132,503,793,817]" box="[132,503,793,817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8EC566397937FFFEA6E6FCE89DD1FC90" box="[132,503,793,817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA6E6FCE89D64FC90" baseAuthorityName="Hicks" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[132,322,794,817]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
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<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA6E6FCE89D64FC90" box="[132,322,794,817]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Petraster ramseyensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="2F7467067937FFFEA739FCEB9DD5FC90" author="BLAKE D. B." box="[347,499,793,817]" page="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" year="2018">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA739FCEB9DD5FC90" author="BLAKE D. B." box="[347,499,793,817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref14512" refString="BLAKE D. B. 2018. - A history of the Paleozoic Asteroidea (Echinodermata). Bulletins of American Paleontology 394: 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2018">Blake 2018: 24</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FCBB9E5EFCC0" blockId="11.[132,632,840,865]" box="[132,632,840,865]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA6EDFCBB9D70FCC1" baseAuthorityName="Hicks" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[143,342,841,865]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA6EDFCBB9CF8FCC1" box="[143,222,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Petraster</emphasis>
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||
”
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||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA68CFCBB9D70FCC1" box="[238,342,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">ramseyensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA712FCBA9DF9FCC0" author="BLAKE D. B." box="[368,479,840,865]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref14512" refString="BLAKE D. B. 2018. - A history of the Paleozoic Asteroidea (Echinodermata). Bulletins of American Paleontology 394: 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2018">Blake 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 4, figs 3, 4.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA6E6FC8B9F21FC0B" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="diagnosis">
|
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<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FC8B9F21FC0B" blockId="11.[130,775,888,938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
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|
||
. —
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||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA76DFC8B9D7CFC31" baseAuthorityName="Spencer & Wright" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[271,346,889,912]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA76DFC8B9D7CFC31" box="[271,346,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Petraster</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
? with clearly differentiated carinal and adradial series, the latter rectangular and variously oriented, oblique to carinals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA6E6FC319D71FBD5" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FC319D4FFB88" blockId="11.[132,776,962,1065]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
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|
||
<collectionCode id="C8C4D9D27937FFFEA6E6FC319CC1FC78" box="[132,231,963,986]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A88CD7CB7937FFFEA68DFC3A9D75FC78" baselines="981" box="[239,339,968,985]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="examined" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">EXAMINED</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. —
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1EBD4B4A7937FFFEA7E2FC319D4FFB88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985316306" collectionCode="NHM" location="London" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="2">
|
||
<specimenCount id="B8D38A9E7937FFFEA7E2FC319E33FC7B" box="[384,533,962,986]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
in the collections of the Manchester Museum;
|
||
<location id="AB0A17CC7937FFFEA712FC2F9DE4FC54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93:AB0A17CC7937FFFEA712FC2F9DE4FC54" box="[368,450,989,1013]" name="London" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">London</location>
|
||
<collectionCode id="C8C4D9D27937FFFEA7A9FC2F9E2AFC55" box="[459,524,989,1012]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">NHM</collectionCode>
|
||
casts reviewed.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA4DAFC2F9CDCFBAE" author="SPENCER W. K." pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="109 - 168" refId="ref17918" refString="SPENCER W. K. 1918. - A Monograph of the British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Part III. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society 70 (338): 109 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 026934 45.1918. 12088367" type="journal article" year="1918">Spencer (1918: 109)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed the syntype Manchester L. 11037 = NHM E.13705 as “holotype”.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FBB09D71FBD5" blockId="11.[132,775,1089,1140]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
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|
||
<typeStatus id="716EFFB57937FFFEA6E6FBB09C91FBF6" box="[132,183,1090,1113]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C8C4D9D27937FFFEA6E6FBB09C91FBF6" box="[132,183,1090,1113]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A88CD7CB7937FFFEA6A2FBB59D38FBF9" baselines="1108" box="[192,286,1095,1112]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C8C4D9D27937FFFEA6A2FBB59D38FBF9" box="[192,286,1095,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">LOCALITY</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A88CD7CB7937FFFEA745FBB59D74FBF9" baselines="1108" box="[295,338,1095,1112]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C8C4D9D27937FFFEA745FBB59D74FBF9" box="[295,338,1095,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">AND</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A88CD7CB7937FFFEA738FBB59D9EFBF9" baselines="1108" box="[346,440,1095,1112]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C8C4D9D27937FFFEA738FBB59D9EFBF9" box="[346,440,1095,1112]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">HORIZON</collectionCode>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. —
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1EBD4B4A7937FFFEA788FBB09D71FBD5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985316302" location="Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Ramsey
|
||
<location id="AB0A17CC7937FFFEA423FBB39EA7FBF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93:AB0A17CC7937FFFEA423FBB39EA7FBF8" box="[577,641,1089,1113]" name="Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="AB0A17CC7937FFFEA4EFFBB39EEDFBF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:267CF0017937FFFEA762FDE5993FFE93:AB0A17CC7937FFFEA4EFFBB39EEDFBF8" box="[653,715,1089,1113]" name="Wales" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Wales</location>
|
||
; early Arenig (early Floian).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA6E6FB679F2FF94D" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FB679D33FB0C" blockId="11.[130,778,1173,1772]" box="[132,277,1173,1199]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A88CD7CB7937FFFEA6E6FB679D33FB0C" baselines="1192,1192" box="[132,277,1173,1199]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6FB479F2FF94D" blockId="11.[130,778,1173,1772]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA6E6FB479CFBFB6F" baseAuthorityName="Spencer & Wright" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[132,221,1205,1230]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA6E6FB479CFBFB6F" box="[132,221,1205,1230]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Petraster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
? size uncertain, interpretation based on distorted available specimens, R
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA715FB279DA1FB4F" box="[375,391,1237,1262]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="692DECF27937FFFEA7ECFB269DC6FB4E" box="[398,480,1236,1263]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Aboral disk unknown; arm abactinals robust, clearly differentiated into series. Carinals elliptical, subconical, appear to have a small accessory pustule. Adradialia appearing to be in a single series on each side of carinals series; adradials irregular, rectangular, oriented both nearly parallel as well as oblique to arm axis; series possibly not reaching arm tips. Madreporite? on aboral disk. Superomarginals of arms similar in overall appearance to carinals but larger, arrangement and orientation appearing somewhat irregular. Intermarginals unknown. Inferomarginals incompletely known, robust, in aboral aspect appearing rectangular in outline on arms, more nearly equidimensional in oral aspect; any enlargement of inferomarginals on disk unclear. One incomplete interbrachium suggests presence of axillary nearly reaching disk margin; actinal field small. Axials appearing approximately bilateral at transverse ridge, abutted, not overlapping.Mouth frame unknown.Adaxials equidimensional.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E6CF129C7937FFFEA6E6F8E1993FFE93" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6F8E19CCEF88A" blockId="11.[130,776,1811,2028]" box="[132,232,1811,1837]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="A88CD7CB7937FFFEA6E6F8E19CCEF88A" baselines="1830,1830" box="[132,232,1811,1837]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">REMARKS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AE6A41177937FFFEA6E6F8C0993FFE93" blockId="11.[130,776,1811,2028]" lastBlockId="11.[812,1456,216,306]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
|
||
At the time of description,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA7C4F8C19E3FF8ED" baseAuthorityName="Hicks" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[422,537,1843,1868]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA7C4F8C19E3FF8ED" box="[422,537,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">ramseyensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA4AAF8C09CE7F8CD" authorityName="McCoy" authorityYear="1851" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Palasterina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA4AAF8C09CE7F8CD" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Palasterina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the species subsequently transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA402F8A19EE3F8CD" authorityName="Gregory" authorityYear="1899" box="[608,709,1875,1900]" genus="Uranaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA402F8A19EE3F8CD" box="[608,709,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Uranaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on perceived strong similarities with ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA44FF8819D0BF80D" authority="(Spencer 1918)" baseAuthorityName="Spencer" baseAuthorityYear="1918" genus="Uranaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kinahani">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA44FF8819EB0F82D" box="[557,662,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Uranaster</emphasis>
|
||
’
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA4C4F8809F21F82D" box="[678,775,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">kinahani</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA6EFF8609D03F80D" author="SPENCER W. K." box="[141,293,1938,1964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="109 - 168" refId="ref17918" refString="SPENCER W. K. 1918. - A Monograph of the British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Part III. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society 70 (338): 109 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 026934 45.1918. 12088367" type="journal article" year="1918">Spencer 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA75FF8619D82F80D" authorityName="Gregory" authorityYear="1899" box="[317,420,1939,1964]" genus="Uranaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA75FF8619D82F80D" box="[317,420,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Uranaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA4D2F8619DB0F86D" authority="(Spencer & Wright 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Spencer & Wright" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA4D2F8619F2EF80D" box="[688,776,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Petraster</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA6EFF8409DA8F86D" author="SPENCER W. K. & WRIGHT C. W." box="[141,398,1970,1996]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refId="ref18139" refString="SPENCER W. K. & WRIGHT C. W. 1966. - Asterozoans, in MOORE R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U, Echinodermata 3. Vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas, Lawrence: U 4 - U 107." type="journal volume" year="1966">Spencer & Wright 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA7A8F8409E1BF86A" baseAuthorityName="Hicks" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[458,573,1970,1995]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ramseyensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA7A8F8409E1BF86A" box="[458,573,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">ramseyensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
later was left unassigned at the generic level (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA7C6F8239E38F84D" author="BLAKE D. B." box="[420,542,2001,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref14512" refString="BLAKE D. B. 2018. - A history of the Paleozoic Asteroidea (Echinodermata). Bulletins of American Paleontology 394: 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2018">Blake 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA443CE67937FFFEA403F8209F20F84D" author="SPENCER W. K." box="[609,774,2002,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" pagination="109 - 168" refId="ref17918" refString="SPENCER W. K. 1918. - A Monograph of the British Palaeozoic Asterozoa. Part III. Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society 70 (338): 109 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 026934 45.1918. 12088367" type="journal article" year="1918">Spencer (1918)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
generic interpretation is tentatively followed here, in part based on some aboral similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA2A5FF0A9949FEB3" authorityName="Blake & Lefebvre" authorityYear="2024" box="[1223,1391,248,274]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="caidramiensis" status="n. sp.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA2A5FF0A98F0FEB0" box="[1223,1238,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA287FF0A9949FEB3" box="[1253,1391,248,274]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">caidramiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8792207E7937FFFEA314FF0A9996FEB3" box="[1398,1456,248,274]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and of the distal arm interval of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69D53A947937FFFEA2EBFEEA9934FE90" authorityName="Blake, Guensburg & Lefebvre" authorityYear="2016" box="[1161,1298,280,305]" class="Asteroidea" family="Palasterinidae" genus="Petraster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euaxosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="crozonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CA19D057937FFFEA2EBFEEA9934FE90" box="[1161,1298,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">P. crozonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |