257 lines
33 KiB
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257 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9604" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1cede2a7-3880-480c-8401-1015e5440145" ID-PMC="PMC7674391" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-990-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" ID-PubMed="33269011" ID-ZooBank="7B73642C278D40F89091B26213C9A704" ModsDocID="1313-2970-990-1" checkinTime="1605112396458" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shimizu, So, Broad, Gavin R. & Maeto, Kaoru" docDate="2020" docId="1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 990: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 990" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542" docTitle="Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732650699849" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5B207E5AB5B1FCC4FE74EA76AB1D2043">Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5B3D7F73DE162AF33552E6EC674A77FB">Shimizu, So</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0039D118FAB45260CA00B19F51687740">Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan & DC and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan & Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="95ADCD2F0C72FEF9F1A0EDD2800B50E2" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-4552</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A49183C05A52F430E9F2379006A729C2" type="email">parasitoidwasp.sou@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BD275826C50F594D4EFE70988FE9FAB2">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AEB3F1D8934308CE0EBDF8740F6CE1A4">Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96A709614177807FBFC9C2D42BFFA509">Maeto, Kaoru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B53D2592789A8CA7E082D6579CE58CFA">Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="22A1E6F8CB1E112816C5A63D4B30FC7F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="4A083A83175EE680B516BD0ADA129961">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EBA3262793CA9B4B850674DEF90586F8">990</mods:number>
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<treatment id="1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170296392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DF2B9F9D92E5FFF99886A733ECD50B7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Insecta" scope_family="Ichneumonidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Ophioninae" scope_superFamily="Ichneumonoidea">
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<subSubSection id="1BE8B7AB7202A93E4B183D3315A48074" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="17A62F627B4C73DC67A504B2B948AC0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="58D6116BDF3C0B3511777CC2C4FCE283" ID-CoL="6FCBD" LSID="1DF2B9F9-D92E-5FFF-9988-6A733ECD50B7" authority="Cameron, 1905" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="CAB1E722350310467D18D710A61741EE" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 33</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7A96E292D87B741851F15B3A612710A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6DD231121EF03EB47EFB98216BB9D4A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7DE0F4D270A7FDC3027A4C48CA374A2E" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">Enicospilus nigropectus</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905b: 123; HT ♀ from Sarawak, NHMUK, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BF5207328D9993C1A97C3EB35F8AA76F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="CA8476BD8445F23BD68FCD5BE7F38BCD" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus hariolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hariolus">Henicospilus hariolus</taxonomicName>
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Morley, 1912: 44; LCT ♀ from Sri Lanka, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="3B5B676603C425CD026714B5312A7030" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220), NHMUK, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation id="FE7CE867004503F7B4FF7DCF8F96F275" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F30CDA6421D80E0D4903A22109133244" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="28B5D371F7A43B6013205248D45902CD" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Amesospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amesospilus nigrostemmaticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrostemmaticus">Amesospilus nigrostemmaticus</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein, 1921: 19; LCT ♀ from Sumatra, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="8C8DC10767730DE1B743414385831BEF" author="Townes, HK" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 522" refId="B178" refString="Townes, HK, Townes, M, Gupta, VK, 1961. A catalogue and reclassification of the Indo-Australian Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 1: 1 - 522" title="A catalogue and reclassification of the Indo-Australian Ichneumonidae." volume="1" year="1961">Townes et al. (1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 288), IZPAN, not examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation id="E8B2CA51DB80114D7F3334F3EE3BD9FF" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2363A94EF34ADA8AFF8CDB2821D4167F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7824084123DAAD9BA0916B34D2EA133C" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscomaculatus">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus</taxonomicName>
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Uchida, 1928: 216; LCT ♀ from Korea, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="F9EF93042F94F55C95C7EED6E476D508" author="Townes, HK" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 661" refId="B179" refString="Townes, HK, Momoi, S, Townes, M, 1965. A catalogue and reclassification of the eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 5: 1 - 661" title="A catalogue and reclassification of the eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae." volume="5" year="1965">Townes et al. (1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 328), SEHU, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation id="4E614893C631E5808A27F6328B571548" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 220).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D69C91D921F6CE69E4856565D70537B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0873F8CFBBBBCD9A424D81123CF2FED8" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus subsp. yakushimensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fuscomaculatus" subSpecies="yakushimensis">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus yakushimensis</taxonomicName>
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Yasumatsu, 1934: 67; HT ♀ from Japan, KUEC, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation id="34ECE59C7836BD4B6E232F4E75C4A3EC" author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 90" refId="B195" refString="Watanabe, K, Yamauchi, T, 2014. Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 20: 81 - 90" title="Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan." volume="20" year="2014">Watanabe and Yamauchi (2014</bibRefCitation>
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: 86).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5F506A0116A1DA9827AD1C052076BD37" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BCD74E5714F018E4DB5E1D663DBC7997" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="123A77060006FD7AC5B6212F97FA0CF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Total of 225 specimens (123♀♀100♂♂ and 2 unsexed): Brunei (3♀♀2♂♂), China (1♀1♂), Indonesia (1♀), Japan (99♀♀81♂♂ and 2 unsexed), Korea (1♀), Malaysia (1♀2♂♂), Sri Lanka (1♀), Taiwan (15♀♀13♂♂), Thailand (1♀), unknown (1♂).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="168D160B3229299044CCC927A9B409BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type series: HT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName id="FEFC2C8ED72359389506153B439A6707" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
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<emphasis id="E2D24E1B6885BE72A6BC0453BF4EB9DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus nigropectus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905, Kuching, Sarawak, MALAYSIA, V.1903, P. Cameron leg. (NHMUK, Type 3b.1238); LCT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName id="48A8D6E14A6A67CB4E1050D0393875DF" genus="Henicospilus" lsidName="Henicospilus hariolus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hariolus">
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<emphasis id="BB5E46B41AAEE5427E414D447503341E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henicospilus hariolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Morley, 1912, Kandy, SRI LANKA, V.1910, Green leg. (NHMUK, Type 3b.1264); LCT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName id="52F52545456C59AA251CA66ACBD170C7" genus="Henicospilus" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fuscomaculatus">
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<emphasis id="C0244AAB687ACDE45BDDDA05B4A1D957" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Uchida, 1928,
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<normalizedToken id="94E87E635BAFF4EB295CB9C9E90CF8C4" originalValue="Shakôji">Shakoji</normalizedToken>
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, KOREA, VII.1927, Takano leg. (SEHU); HT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName id="1B462452EAAAC73935989C57C2CD178B" genus="Henicospilus" lsidName="Henicospilus fuscomaculatus subsp. yakushimensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="fuscomaculatus" subSpecies="yakushimensis">
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<emphasis id="A9751D6883B2D37B8EA83CA95D8A90B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Henicospilus fuscomaculatus yakushimensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Yasumatsu, 1934, Yakushima, Kagoshima Pref.,
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<normalizedToken id="CFF1871982D1CFADB3A33A7361840870" originalValue="Ryûkyûs">Ryukyus</normalizedToken>
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, JAPAN, 21.VII.1931 (KUEC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="000FD3485B54CF027723C50EC6383D06" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="3FCA5F89FF4332F73BEA4667A8AA4107" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A89C0C09B20EECFC0FE600E6DE01EEB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Australasian, Eastern Palaearctic, and Oriental regions (
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<bibRefCitation id="3EC1F327A828AFF14D8B5AAE42D0CEC8" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="www.taxapad.com" refId="B199" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada. www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada." url="www.taxapad.com" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A9F0B0EDF25E98599FED44FEA3EC61B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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JAPAN: [
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<normalizedToken id="C8442AAA9E2902E75C346B45A2CC5536" originalValue="Tôhoku">Tohoku</normalizedToken>
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] Aomori (
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<bibRefCitation id="C94B723BB45A77838796E325C439BC2B" author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="B49138B62774BA67551A516A77AD0703" author="Ichita, T" editor="Kakei, K" journalOrPublisher="Aomori City Government, Aomori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 264" refId="B52" refString="Ichita, T, 1994. Other insects. In: Kakei, K, Ed., Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan. Aomori City Government, Aomori: 167 - 264" title="Other insects." volumeTitle="Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan." year="1994">Ichita 1994</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Yamagata*; [Hokuriku] Niigata*, Ishikawa*, and Fukui*; [
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<normalizedToken id="BA1ECBAEA391F00658324F7BD411B8F2" originalValue="Kantô-Kôshin">Kanto-Koshin</normalizedToken>
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]
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<normalizedToken id="BB069AD8B568FF7D4967B970BD9F98F4" originalValue="Tôkyô">Tokyo</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="63C5AE89346896A355A8F2A6F7A6B115" author="Konishi, K" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="485 - 497" refId="B72" refString="Konishi, K, Matsumoto, R, Yoshida, T, Watanabe, K, 2014. Ichneumonidae and Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) collected by faunal survey of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science 50: 485 - 497" title="Ichneumonidae and Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) collected by faunal survey of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo." volume="50" year="2014">Konishi et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Kanagawa (
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<bibRefCitation id="E5EA0E38013D0E136071ED487FA509A4" author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 109" refId="B192" refString="Watanabe, K, Komagata, S, Suzuki, Y, 2016. A list of parasitoid wasp specimens of Y. Suzuki collection. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 45: 101 - 109" title="A list of parasitoid wasp specimens of Y. Suzuki collection." volume="45" year="2016">Watanabe et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [
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<normalizedToken id="02DAD3C699ABFA7D3FC4196E1DE102D5" originalValue="Tôkai">Tokai</normalizedToken>
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] Shizuoka (
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<bibRefCitation id="FCF7B02AD5A8FB7FA2AB549F309F94BF" author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Suruga no konchu" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="6495 - 6508" refId="B193" refString="Watanabe, K, Makanai, H, 2011. Check list of the Ichneumonidae in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Suruga no konchu 236: 6495 - 6508" title="Check list of the Ichneumonidae in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan." volume="236" year="2011">Watanabe and Makanai 2011</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Mie (
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<bibRefCitation id="D147D264F3792237516C50857D5C5BF0" author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [Kinki]
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<normalizedToken id="2F53839566397F20B7A965D8CDBDC373" originalValue="Hyôgô">Hyogo</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="8B7B65F9704B341704559A70F22ED523" author="Iwata, K" journalOrPublisher="Acta Hymenopterologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="63 - 74" refId="B54" refString="Iwata, K, 1958. Ovarian eggs of 233 species of the Japanese Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Acta Hymenopterologia 1: 63 - 74" title="Ovarian eggs of 233 species of the Japanese Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera)." volume="1" year="1958">Iwata 1958</bibRefCitation>
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; present study), Nara*, and Wakayama*; [
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<normalizedToken id="2F81B8FCF3F5E990512BF6958584A9D8" originalValue="Chûgoku">Chugoku</normalizedToken>
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] Okayama* and Hiroshima (
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<bibRefCitation id="0254420321FAA895F537A9B5A9471164" author="Maeto, K" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous reports of the Hiwa museum for Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 87" refId="B92" refString="Maeto, K, Shimizu, S, 2019. Ichneumonid wasps collected in a light trap at Mori, Tojyo-cho, Shobara-city, Hiroshima Prefecture, Southwest Honshu, Japan. Miscellaneous reports of the Hiwa museum for Natural History 60: 81 - 87" title="Ichneumonid wasps collected in a light trap at Mori, Tojyo-cho, Shobara-city, Hiroshima Prefecture, Southwest Honshu, Japan." volume="60" year="2019">Maeto and Shimizu 2019</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [Shikoku] Ehime* and
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<normalizedToken id="EC1073EC83840CFE97BAC7D540F5EBEB" originalValue="Kôchi">Kochi</normalizedToken>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="115B922788CB3F94FC178332EA1DA973" author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [
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<normalizedToken id="D05FA8F9BFE2DF80F4D83A9BD609AF29" originalValue="Kyûshû">Kyushu</normalizedToken>
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] Fukuoka (
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<bibRefCitation id="3C5654DB635CD322E249C2B9078EEA5E" author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="177 - 297" refId="B180" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 21: 177 - 297" title="Zweiter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="21" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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; present study), Kumamoto*, Miyazaki* and Kagoshima (
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<bibRefCitation id="FAD943F841A8AB69927C1EDD8DDA188D" author="Yasumatsu, K" journalOrPublisher="Mushi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 67" refId="B197" refString="Yasumatsu, K, 1934. Les Hymenopteres de l'ile Yakushima. Mushi 7: 61 - 67" title="Les Hymenopteres de l'ile Yakushima." volume="7" year="1934">Yasumatsu 1934</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="667B905DFDD2E065BEE65A01368D3BF8" author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 90" refId="B195" refString="Watanabe, K, Yamauchi, T, 2014. Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 20: 81 - 90" title="Records of ichenumonid wasps (Hymenoptera) from Yakushima Iskand, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan." volume="20" year="2014">Watanabe and Yamauchi 2014</bibRefCitation>
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; present study); [
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<normalizedToken id="0FAC330BF405CC1FD3C613AD4F850BD3" originalValue="Ryûkyûs">Ryukyus</normalizedToken>
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] Kagoshima (
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<bibRefCitation id="0D786F997A797535D2064DD9E5E5CC78" author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Insecta matsumurana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="82 - 100" refId="B184" refString="Uchida, T, 1956. Die Ichneumoniden aus der Amami Inselgruppe. Insecta matsumurana 19: 82 - 100" title="Die Ichneumoniden aus der Amami Inselgruppe." volume="19" year="1956">Uchida 1956</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="5AD298EF67C0C11A618D80A62A71C164" author="Watanabe, K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 105" refId="B191" refString="Watanabe, K, 2018. Hymenopterous insects collected by the field survey in Okinoerabujima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 47: 93 - 105" title="Hymenopterous insects collected by the field survey in Okinoerabujima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan." volume="47" year="2018">Watanabe 2018</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Okinawa*. *New records.
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<bibRefCitation id="5C2E752319586A6AE6777DED54D1FBE6" author="Ichita, T" editor="Kakei, K" journalOrPublisher="Aomori City Government, Aomori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 264" refId="B52" refString="Ichita, T, 1994. Other insects. In: Kakei, K, Ed., Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan. Aomori City Government, Aomori: 167 - 264" title="Other insects." volumeTitle="Nature of around Moya, Aomori City, Japan." year="1994">Ichita (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded this species under the incorrect spelling, '
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<emphasis id="ACFFF2E3A92FB01D305EFE6E42E5BFCD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">nigripectus</emphasis>
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'.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5CFA7C0BB98FEB5E590C59466DCF2B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This is one of the most frequently encountered wasps in Japan as well as in southeast Asia, especially Sundaland.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BD9C24073B0CD5976473FCB367D625BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="bionomics">
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<paragraph id="42AC25EF4AD4D2318643BEB7F720026C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bionomics.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF50A6E581464E6D162E792E1A428F0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="466693F5335760554B5DC1C8374CE3E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="12A2609C3CBB30F2377A41A9A62C5642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3AF2896C38CD90AEE6A2624566FDD2BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This species is very easily distinguished from all other Japanese
|
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<taxonomicName id="39D7C2F2264F2258D9574D9F47A3EBEF" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5D738A6691F467E5E0FF798DE2911C92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
by the black interocellar area (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E8976909D6C42B3C974AED7D99FD987C" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33B, C</figureCitation>
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), characteristic bullet-shaped proximal sclerite (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="42CF2223F097A9D16D00A00D8A3481DE" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33F</figureCitation>
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), and the absence of the central sclerite (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="5D56FD0C52932414B1496E6F322A0CF3" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Enicospilus nigropectus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33F</figureCitation>
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|
). Morphological characters indicate that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B0B0BD54FFA83A31CC0C0BFC6F4C2719" lsidName="E. nigropectus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FF44C39199DACECB26BD92492365FB3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. nigropectus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is very closely related to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7161CFC0216ED573C300CBFC3AEC5D70" lsidName="E. montaguei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="montaguei">
|
|
<emphasis id="F5B7F2D809EF9E24218E3F361B0D85DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. montaguei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Turner, 1919), but can be distinguished by the longer fore wing fenestra and irregularly rugose scutellum of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C65F655FBDAAB20887AF733675EA4A83" lsidName="E. nigropectus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
|
|
<emphasis id="F9ACB56DFB6847B2CC7E43DA1623F8D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. nigropectus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Moreover, this species has been confused with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5A8172AC3F2C70A893396CC1139E932B" lsidName="E. abdominalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="D4C519C9A089A4E5221D1B7A99D8FB23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. abdominalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by many authors but is very easily separated from it (cf. Differential diagnosis of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C646D849A4959D51C986CFFAFBDC98C8" lsidName="E. abdominalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="86758384CDCA32F53CBFBE8D42D8FD85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. abdominalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="B04542D748354B33FD63F05D5F4265F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B5EA8C37FF7DFD45369005E2A39E0F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="101377E97BA19DBF85BFEDE0DFC4954D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
This species exhibits a wide range of colour variation, but the Japanese specimens are morphologically stable. Japanese specimens have a slightly wider mandible than specimens from other regions, as mentioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="5FCB6127003ED2E968AA9CF6E2ED45EE" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; however, we have not found any other characters to separate the Japanese population.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="3D3A7752CB6BDD70D5D1E672F23A3E43" doi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 33" startId="F33">
|
|
<paragraph id="EF21152048BDEC5F6F9E05AB0DA55C0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="D6FB21241D203936E1A15621A24F8703" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 33.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A1A30E60B49694F56A85A44E60F8B68D" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus nigropectus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropectus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C6E6F6CB58F4A555F64CD5BBB5B31C45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus nigropectus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan
|
|
<emphasis id="0C570D882FAF8B5BEA8CB3D70923903B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
habitus
|
|
<emphasis id="9B5B6BC18A96AE80EE95FBD9099689B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
head, frontal view
|
|
<emphasis id="3BE1F67571B0B2549A52932AF1723E1D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
head, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis id="C5A9340951B5BA9272D65986C0EDC2A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
head, lateral view
|
|
<emphasis id="CB9240E5018E632CA33CC44CB0F78446" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
mesosoma, lateral view
|
|
<emphasis id="4517CF16058609EEC0A0F7370337D6D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
central part of fore wing.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
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|
</treatment>
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</document> |