175 lines
17 KiB
XML
175 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="5E2C84C1CAB01ED5DF42358DA1461E43" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8d7ba7be-98bd-4555-b3e7-cd2b018e6bbf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="219391" ID-ZooBank="3E2DFCFC-9D75-4245-82F5-9B9FD977160A" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460605757802" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rasmussen, Claus" docDate="2013" docId="1C198789FF82FFD4FF1E2CBA293FFBD7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03647p428.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3647 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tetragonula praeterita Walker 1860" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="414" masterDocId="E020FFF1FF8FFFD9FF892C2D2C3FFFBC" masterDocTitle="Stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) of the Indian subcontinent: Diversity, taxonomy and current status of knowledge" masterLastPageNumber="428" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="414" updateTime="1698327899746" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="3E731BF0C5C70B618577BE42E3D37D3E">Stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) of the Indian subcontinent: Diversity, taxonomy and current status of knowledge</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0C458F56D836C8FB2E1840BC762C6580" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="572180A90C18104FECE6966326413894">Rasmussen, Claus</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="91A19A2898BF46316FF2B2E1EA809103">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="94583575729AE8AC17B8628201DF229F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9F06D118E8EF504E64E985570FF72ECC">
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<mods:date id="4F2D5B670A38FBA016F3EDB83E5F71A4">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="37CA66D7B6FF063238348DFAB81D4B36" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A084E6D963DB09B0E52642ADF8F90E59">3647</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7A184A22972F210CF15B8048241A9FE1">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="05127D9A12CCFEA943AC69522835563D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B226F3AD072785D1F917B0E867F46E0F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1C198789FF82FFD4FF1E2CBA293FFBD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612328" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119567869" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612328" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C198789FF82FFD4FF1E2CBA293FFBD7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C198789FF82FFD4FF1E2CBA293FFBD7" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<subSubSection id="DCAA6514FF82FFD4FF1E2CBA2826FEE9" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF1E2CBA2E60FF0D" blockId="13.[151,607,151,210]" box="[151,607,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<heading id="CF4781F3FF82FFD4FF1E2CBA2E60FF0D" bold="true" box="[151,607,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FF1E2CBA2E60FF0D" ID-CoL="6QYDG" authority="Walker 1860" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,607,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Tetragonula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF1E2CBA2E60FF0D" bold="true" box="[151,607,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF1E2CBA2D99FF0D" bold="true" box="[151,422,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Tetragonula praeterita</emphasis>
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(Walker 1860)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF1E2C972D2EFF6E" blockId="13.[151,607,151,210]" box="[151,273,186,210]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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(
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<figureCitation id="0C8B2A1AFF82FFD4FF162C972CDBFF6E" box="[159,228,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[179,1414,359,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[179,1416,359,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Tetragonula praeterita (Walker): lectotype of Trigona praeterita. 5 A. Habitus, dorsal view. 5 B. Upper frontal view of head, notice from previous photo that the specimen is glued directly to the pin mount. 5 C. Habitus, left lateral view. 5 D. Genal area and lower face, including mandibles. 5 E. Habitus, right lateral view. 5 F. View towards propodeum. 5 G. Outer view of left hind leg. 5 H. Inner view of left hind leg. 5 I. Labels (“ prateria W ” is written on front and “ d) Specimen ” is written on rear of same label)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/219396/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Figs 5</figureCitation>
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a–i)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF1E2D2E2826FEE9" blockId="13.[151,1436,258,342]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FF1E2D2E2E37FEA4" authority="Walker 1860: 305" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="305" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,520,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF1E2D2E2D74FEA4" box="[151,331,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Trigona praeterita</emphasis>
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Walker 1860: 305
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</taxonomicName>
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–306:
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FDCE2D2E2E8DFEA4" box="[583,690,259,280]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="lectotype">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FDCE2D2E2E8DFEA4" bold="true" box="[583,690,259,280]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Lectotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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(BMNH 17b.1185, worker): examined, “63 / 52”, “
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FB372D2E28CCFEA4" box="[1214,1267,259,280]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Type</typeStatus>
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” (green border), “
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FF592D0C2D12FE8B" box="[208,301,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">praeterita</taxonomicName>
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/ W.”, “
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FEF62D0C2DEBFE8B" box="[383,468,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trigona</taxonomicName>
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”, “B.M.
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FDA62D0F2E51FE8B" box="[559,622,290,311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">TYPE</typeStatus>
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/ HYM. / 17b.1185” (taxonomy). In addition “
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FBC42D0F28E0FE8B" box="[1101,1247,290,311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FB6F2D0C2E3BFEEA" authority="Walker Design. JS Moure 1961" authorityName="Walker Design. JS Moure" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">Trigona praeterita Walker Design. JS Moure 1961</taxonomicName>
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/ C Rasmussen 2013”;
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FD7A2D6D2FB9FEEA" bold="true" box="[755,902,319,342]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FD7A2D6D2F17FEE9" box="[755,808,320,341]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="ECA7760FFF82FFD4FC052D6D2829FEE9" box="[908,1046,320,341]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DCAA6514FF82FFD4FF1E2DAE2FCAFCD2" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="description">
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF1E2DAE2E65FDF2" blockId="13.[151,1436,386,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF1E2DAE2D13FE27" bold="true" box="[151,300,387,411]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Provenance:</emphasis>
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Francis Walker (
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<date id="E00E105FFF82FFD4FE672DAF2E50FE26" box="[494,623,386,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" value="1809" valueMax="1874">1809–1874</date>
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) only stated that the specimen came from
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<collectingCountry id="ECA7760FFF82FFD4FBD92DAF2881FE26" box="[1104,1214,386,410]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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(then
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<collectingCountry id="ECA7760FFF82FFD4FA812DAF2961FE26" box="[1288,1374,386,410]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
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). The label code indicates that the
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FE502D8A2E36FE03" box="[473,521,423,447]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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specimen was purchased by the Natural History Museum in London as lot
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<quantity id="53489B7AFF82FFD4FAEA2D8B29A3FE02" box="[1379,1436,422,446]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3208" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="in" value="52.0">52 in</quantity>
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1863. Unfortunately the register only indicates that this lot, containing 116
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FB802DE6289DFE5F" box="[1033,1186,459,483]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="ECA7760FFF82FFD4FB672DE7295DFE5E" box="[1262,1378,458,482]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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, was presented to the museum by the Entomological Society and included the
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FC5B2DC22832FDBB" box="[978,1037,495,519]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">types</typeStatus>
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described by Walker in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History during 1858,
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<date id="E00E105FFF82FFD4FD4A2E3F2F49FD96" box="[707,886,530,554]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" value="1859" valueMax="1860">1859 and 1860</date>
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. The original collector or the
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FB522E3E2934FD97" box="[1243,1291,531,555]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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locality can therefore not currently be further traced.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF402E762D3FFCBF" blockId="13.[151,1436,386,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF402E762D77FDCF" bold="true" box="[201,328,603,627]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FF402E762D7BFDCF" box="[201,324,603,627]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Walker (1860) did not state how many specimens he saw of
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FC7D2E7128BFFDCF" box="[1012,1152,604,627]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FC7D2E7128BFFDCF" box="[1012,1152,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">T. praeterita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In the case of additional
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FF1E2E522CF8FD2B" box="[151,199,639,663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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specimens, it is therefore necessary to designate a
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FC812E532F50FD2A" box="[776,879,638,662]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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to stabilize the future use of the name. However, as Moure (1961) already referred to the above specimen as the
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FC0D2E8F2FD6FD06" box="[900,1001,674,698]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, the ICZN Article 74.6 (ICZN 1999) allows the inference by Moure (1961) as a valid
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FD452EEB2F0CFD62" box="[716,819,710,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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designation, as the original description did not imply
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FF1E2EC62CC2FCBF" box="[151,253,747,771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF402F222FCAFCD2" blockId="13.[151,1436,386,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF402F222DA0FC9B" bold="true" box="[201,415,783,807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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Notes on the
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FEEA2F222DA5FC9B" box="[355,410,783,807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FE512F222E37FC9B" box="[472,520,783,807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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is glued with the entire ventral side adhered to the point mount. The lower part of the face is not clearly visible. In addition, it appears that the specimen was conserved in alcohol first, as the compound eyes are deflated rendering the head width measurements smaller.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DCAA6514FF82FFD4FF402F57293FFBD7" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="940F369FFF82FFD4FF402F57293FFBD7" blockId="13.[151,1436,386,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FF402F572D6CFC2F" bold="true" box="[201,339,890,915]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Comments:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FED52F562E63FC2F" box="[348,604,891,915]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Tetragonula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">
|
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FED52F562E63FC2F" box="[348,604,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Tetragonula praeterita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was first synonymized under
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FC3D2F512875FC2F" box="[948,1098,891,915]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iridipennis">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FC3D2F512875FC2F" box="[948,1098,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">T. iridipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Schwarz (1937), although Schwarz noticed that the description indicated a larger species (2.5 English lines in body length and 4 lines in wing length equals
|
||
<quantity id="53489B7AFF82FFD4FEBF2FEF2DB1FC66" box="[310,398,962,986]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
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<quantity id="53489B7AFF82FFD4FE412FEF2E1DFC66" box="[456,546,962,986]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" unit="mm" value="8.4">8.4 mm</quantity>
|
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, respectively).
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<collectingCountry id="ECA7760FFF82FFD4FD592FEE2ED0FC67" box="[720,751,963,987]" name="American Samoa" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">As</collectingCountry>
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the specimen otherwise agrees with the description and the label information, and the register is consistent with the interpretation that this specimen is a
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<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FB362FCA28D0FC43" box="[1215,1263,999,1023]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
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||
specimen seen and described by Walker, the mistake in measurements must be attributed to the general standard and brevity of Walker’s scientific work (Evenhuis 2011). The synonymy of
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FCC7281D2FE6FBFB" box="[846,985,1072,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Tetragonula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeterita">
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<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FCC7281D2FE6FBFB" box="[846,985,1072,1095]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">T. praeterita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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under
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<taxonomicName id="53B04D1CFF82FFD4FBA5281D28FDFBFA" box="[1068,1218,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Trigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iridipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6C4EA8DFF82FFD4FBA5281D28FDFBFA" box="[1068,1218,1070,1095]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">T. iridipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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was later followed by Moure (1961) upon examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FDFC287E2E9AFBD7" box="[629,677,1107,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and by Sakagami (1978) without examining the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4B0B883DFF82FFD4FB41287E28C3FBD7" box="[1224,1276,1107,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |