329 lines
35 KiB
XML
329 lines
35 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="26AA17BA917E8DE79E4E158F80BBB365">The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="58B69902320C876317D89EC8B97EB53D">Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F25257169F13957A4529E37647A37AFC">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="222E72156674A2719809A055436DCC13">Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4813DC3FD4F9033B2CC87ABE87D5F24F">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="97CFBD7C4CE58A65E86B9BACD24B75A7">Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5C13C2367F89FCD4B5FAD7D1443684F">Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1C9109D1F5900A6315E68E073E945A91">Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="56E641CDFF565F7EEB846008AFC03D33">Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="48B21F791683AB3D292F4C9731E27CFE">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A6297F60C89ADDA13CD8DF996206C689">Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4BD04FFCBA1C6F8EBDBB0F1CE7EF000E">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="144AA936153333B5E125248FF48D2905">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F262E0BDD1C6C62453E7E795C5E9E61E">Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5E86CB4B533572343F8FAC916C76C7F">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="6191C2A9B1B922833C8482F8BA920BDE">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C9A7683570BA0DB802D02ACEFF38184D">168</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="23F4DE1C142647186D1FAB3968471810">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8CAE0865C7CC7669202C523ACC659002">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F8C0784BF826D952EF6D8838167AFD65" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1168708CCDA649560EE2B47DCA1B095F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596555" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1168708CCDA649560EE2B47DCA1B095F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1168708CCDA649560EE2B47DCA1B095F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
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<subSubSection id="A3E0E3F4F5081C5AB0FE16966533E236" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F3B2C3656231429C68E242666B9CDF07" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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42b
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<taxonomicName id="AD3AFCBAFEE38F0650FE3AA7234AE558" ID-CoL="7ZDW4" LSID="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77213138-1" authority="(Bitter) J. Poore & E. Dean" authorityName="J. Poore & E. Dean" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Bitter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes scandens subsp. var. var. flavicans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">Lycianthes scandens (Mill.) M.Nee var. flavicans (Bitter) J.Poore & E.Dean</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="31AB3DDCCFC2EA9CBBFDA78727954A94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="1A71BF83D671DA8C97E5FA9A636EE4A4" captionStart="Figure 95" captionStartId="F95" captionText="Figure 95. Image of herbarium specimen of L. scandens var. flavicans, Reyes-Garcia 1267 (MEXU). Specimen used with permission from the Herbario Nacional de Mexico, Universidad Autonoma de Mexico." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure95" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 95</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3990AD1CCD33C13E14C5286A9816DBB4" captionStart="Figure 96" captionStartId="F96" captionText="Figure 96. Image of herbarium specimen of L. scandens var. flavicans, Lott 2799 (MO). Specimen used with permission from the Missouri Botanical Garden (http: // www. tropicos. org)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure96" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 96</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="AB29291EF36BD5E8A4F2DFA73DA3E28B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AA941F20B5FED5F1A048B0AD56784900" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="3696AC377CB053C9116A0F2C84651B7E" authorityName="Fern" authorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum lambii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lambii">Solanum lambii</taxonomicName>
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Fernald, Botanical Gazette 20: 536. 1895. Type: Mexico. Sinaloa: Villa Union, Jan 1895,
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<emphasis id="34968E88484663F3A66B017F85441E7D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. Lamb 446</emphasis>
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(holotype: GH [00077501]; isotypes: CAS [0004496], G [G00442761], K [K000063068], MSC [MSC0092874], NDG [NDG45061], NY [00138999], US [00027643]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC32DDD637B45AF5ECC9DE9B5A981773" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6F0ACD4DF67BC35B9C1B3E2DDE3893C4" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1920" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes lenta subsp. var. var. flavicans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lenta" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">Lycianthes lenta (Cav.) Bitter var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
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Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 366. 1919. Type: Mexico. Jalisco: Tequila, Mar 184X (year is missing the last digit),
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<emphasis id="715D367945B7E2937729F44CDF93F371" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Galeotti 1225F</emphasis>
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(holotype: BR [000000563130]; isotypes: NY [00138704], US [01107998]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1BA0E7651D78D0097749FEADB1324F21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="68FF222D6890744DA08CCBA948B7CD8C" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1920" baseAuthorityName="Fern." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes lenta subsp. lambii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lenta" subSpecies="lambii">Lycianthes lenta (Cav.) Bitter ssp. lambii</taxonomicName>
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(Fernald) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 368. 1919. Type: Based on
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<taxonomicName id="32FA42A67911028EA244539B486FB4DE" authorityName="Fern" authorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum lambii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lambii">Solanum lambii</taxonomicName>
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Fernald.
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<subSubSection id="BB65F4BF7B86D114FE1F840B675C498D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7638B2E6E42A8F385333B6A3F0AB5B63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DD27F70FBC71DAE813C3A59508951211" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Based on
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<taxonomicName id="62652607846353612DED09F0F1FE23A3" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1920" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes lenta subsp. var. var. flavicans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lenta" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">Lycianthes lenta (Cav.) Bitter var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
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Bitter.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="47A564D6E2A87EE2EB0F11B8DF1B13A6" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure95" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 95" startId="F95">
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<paragraph id="00E8342BD1A7FA0F5DAD3C1460A4D2AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="1F0336976197FC22272EF92953A5EC26" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 95.</emphasis>
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Image of herbarium specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="F8972E685F7795E73925B922036ADC7B" lsidName="L. scandens subsp. var. var. flavicans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="scandens" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">L. scandens var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="8C5B7A814E64AB65F80465ED5DC322E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reyes-Garcia 1267</emphasis>
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(MEXU). Specimen used with permission from the Herbario Nacional de
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<normalizedToken id="F7BA36CDB572695CED43FA6B2DFD97D2" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, Universidad
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<normalizedToken id="E33222DA42AD128BDC6BE833B3909195" originalValue="Autónoma">Autonoma</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken id="E88DDAFC3790497055C08A5C57B4A980" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="90C993A2E22043B201328B8DF22E53E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3CB15269A5ADDC698DD8A93473A5E14F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A7E930ED559989C7EC5AAF74FBC9C5F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Clambering or erect shrub, sometimes a vine, 1-4 m tall. Indument of white to tan, uniseriate, multicellular, sessile to stalked, furcate, multangulate-stellate, and geminate-stellate, eglandular, spreading trichomes 0.05-0.75 mm long and 0.2-0.75 in diameter, the rays of the stellate trichomes 3-5 per whorl, straight, rarely rebranched. Stems green to light brown when young, sparsely to densely pubescent, not compressed when dried in a plant press, becoming woody with age; upper sympodial branching points dichasial or monochasial, the branching not widely divaricate, the segments shallowly zigzagging. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually paired, the pairs equal or unequal in size, the larger ones with blades (2.3) 4-13.2
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<normalizedToken id="F66F245326E3DA230B13A96404C5ACDC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(1.5) 3-9 cm, the smaller ones with blades (1.3) 2.7-7.5
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<normalizedToken id="9A67202711C9E5392DCB4127B539E59C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(0.7) 1.2-5 cm, the leaf pairs similar in shape, the blades ovate to elliptic, chartaceous, moderately to densely pubescent (denser abaxially, sometimes nearly glabrous adaxially), the base cuneate, rounded, or truncate, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, usually irregularly undulate, the apex acute to short acuminate, the petiole 0.3-5.4 (6) cm long, the larger leaf blades with 3-5 primary veins on each side of the midvein, these usually pale in color and prominent. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2-7, axillary, erect; peduncles absent; pedicels 7-31 mm long and erect in flower, 8-38 mm long and erect in fruit, moderately to densely pubescent; calyx 2.5-4.5 mm long, 3-7 mm in diameter, campanulate, moderately to densely pubescent (the surface sometimes obscured), the margin truncate, with 10 spreading linear appendages 1.5-6 (8) mm long emerging 0.5-1.0 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx enlarged, widely bowl-shaped to rotate, 2.5-4.5 mm long, 7-12 mm in diameter, the appendages to 9 mm; corolla 1-1.8 (2.1) cm long, campanulate to rotate in orientation, entire in outline, with abundant interpetalar tissue, adaxially white to pale lavender and nearly glabrous, abaxially green and sparsely to moderately puberulent on the lobes, especially at the distal end, this more evident in bud; stamens unequal, the four short filaments 1-3 mm long, the one long filament 3-7 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 4-5.5 mm long, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, free of one another, yellow, very sparsely pubescent on the inner face, poricidal at the tips, the pores ovate, dehiscing distally or the short stamens dehiscing away from the style, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 7-12 mm long, linear, straight to curved, glabrous, the stigma oblong, decurrent down two sides. Fruit a berry, 7-17 mm long, 8-17 mm diameter, usually globose to depressed globose, red-orange at maturity, glabrous to very sparsely pubescent, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 40-80 per fruit, 2-3
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<normalizedToken id="45B9A017D7DE0260801CF1CA752C0DB7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-2.5 mm, flattened, circular, triangular, depressed ovate, or very slightly notched in outline, yellow to yellow-orange, the surface reticulum with tight serpentine pattern with shallow lumina, the seed margin slightly thickened, lighter or darker in color.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="709D6256ECC018DE445B4F84BB6F4829" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
|
||
<paragraph id="B5E8D3D3C56BA5A25EE586AF4E7F22A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3798AADAAA55C1E5B92751194827031F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B73393D4623CF3886583B5FC42A9E828" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="5FA0C4762BEDFA953BD3B3E61D48F803" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A09ED67B3EB02203F3A2F9A1A2CFECD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Jalisco,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="812FC5B14DBD4210B504B345B7071544" originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Oaxaca, Sinaloa), Guatemala (El Progreso, Huehuetenango, Zacapa), El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, in oak forest, pine forest, and tropical dry forest, in open disturbed areas, riparian areas, road edges, canyons and ravines, thickets and hedges, sometimes on limestone, 0-1300 m in elevation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="AFCB76FC482C9909ECE5EC8C3D3AE18F" captionStart="Figure 97" captionStartId="F97" captionText="Figure 97. Map of geographic distribution of L. scandens var. flavicans from Mexico to Honduras based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480111" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">97</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2D2A2EB8A5A6B4D2B856B55A8F8979DF" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure96" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 96" startId="F96">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA9A4D20718112115C7FC228A42FF993" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFF7ED187816FB8798605A047B06B6B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 96.</emphasis>
|
||
Image of herbarium specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A70A48578B19F3C938A9E453F3C66584" lsidName="L. scandens subsp. var. var. flavicans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="scandens" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">L. scandens var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="21928B45371D800C706C22C56152E953" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lott 2799</emphasis>
|
||
(MO). Specimen used with permission from the Missouri Botanical Garden (http://www.tropicos.org).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E19DF7C6A88216495338CFB9E8A5D22B" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480111" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 97" startId="F97">
|
||
<paragraph id="13F090D2A35259195F56C8797467C5B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="2F9AA87A1DB8B8268FC915767CFA1963" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 97.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="61D5E3B55D51DAD5B3D2CC7FDF4C5BF8" lsidName="L. scandens subsp. var. var. flavicans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="scandens" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">L. scandens var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Mexico to Honduras based on herbarium specimen data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AABB4BA9817777DB93A20B6C6CAE0DB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
||
<paragraph id="7B02726ABC23B2CC1E0E47F7B7C63F83" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D798A03E35819E8B107A87D7E39191A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None known.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EAB9F5E241A269AC8F051D0E40FE8436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph id="7AA96FF054FB0694CFCC9825C6E090DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="653A71F89AD6DB5E97FFBFE1637A2941" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Flowering specimens and specimens with mature fruits have been collected all months of the year. The corollas of this variety have not been observed in the field by the authors, but it is probable that the diurnal movements are similar to those of var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="339F90D1B32E3D58D42B0A903722ABC7" lsidName="var. scandens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
, opening and closing in the very early morning.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="141A8006B38ECCE5CF188ACD43BF4D62" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="A7F692216D5611998C85CA36F935B553" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC660C08AC321AADBE4586FDF703E6A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3C7CDEFBF1463F3C41AB90E7917FD321" authorityName="J. Poore & E. Dean" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Bitter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes scandens subsp. var. var. flavicans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">Lycianthes scandens var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widespread variety of western Mexico and Central America, represented by 111 collections and occurring in four protected areas. The EOO is 1,500,273.062 km2, and the AOO is 408 km2. Based on the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D29B4EBF1A1069E36267638036EC2A13" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Least Concern (LC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DB35ECD8C8A44B28967B13883F5D2E78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DAF5603AFCD54F04100C5668C51BABC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5D65F3B5E65DA9F11136C3993D1E5F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4413719F2E5ADF53ED3E0A4FC6B871D2" authorityName="J. Poore & E. Dean" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Bitter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes scandens subsp. var. var. flavicans" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" subSpecies="var." variety="flavicans">Lycianthes scandens var. flavicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from the more common var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19A1638C6A01E419374CE4CF6F878260" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having larger and denser trichomes (usually greater than 0.25 mm in diameter versus less than 0.25 mm in diameter in var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2476667EBBDE86291FD89495D428768B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
) which often make the calyx look woolly; in addition, the leaf veins are often prominent and white in color (versus obscure in var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FF5CAF5041AC2EC7AD28AE73E9DC2265" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the corolla is often white (versus purple in var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2DE5B4C0494916A6AD64782855C761C0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the habit is often more of a shrub than a trailing vine (the common habit in var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65884C8BFA0EA1764D109103D31D3D45" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This variety is also found at higher elevations (to 1300 m) than var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00464E7ECA8FBBAB9D272F328927C39F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(usually less than 500 m), and it is usually along the Pacific slope of Mexico and Central America, while var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A22153C817427829255579861D71BCC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="var. scandens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="scandens" variety="scandens">scandens</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more common along the Caribbean slope. The two varieties can be difficult to distinguish in certain regions, especially Nicaragua.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E692B8AFF26AED1AF3E26C3F732085E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The type collection from Jalisco, Mexico upon which this variety is based (
|
||
<emphasis id="CAE1F106EE52AADCF11A1E35AE32AB43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Galeotti 1225F</emphasis>
|
||
) has very small leaves, a form which is found in certain areas of the Pacific slope of Mexico. Other populations have much larger leaves. To illustrate this morphological variation, we have provided two figures (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="69DFDDB2EB559CF4B7DDCB6F68E7B872" captionStart="Figure 93" captionStartId="F93" captionText="Figure 93. Image of herbarium specimen of L. scandens var. scandens, Dean 238 (DAV). Image used with permission of the UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure93" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480107" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">93</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9499F0E02A0F5C87E1DB35CAD15AE5BC" captionStart="Figure 94" captionStartId="F94" captionText="Figure 94. Map of geographic distribution of L. scandens var. scandens from Mexico to Honduras based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure94" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">94</figureCitation>
|
||
) for this taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E6A75519668FC8AD33F67F2CB5203906" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C8BB79FAFC56DB663A415C09DDC0DA5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="171409E129B3A81A949BC28B23841604" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="138A272A13B2B289B2CBE7CFEBC76BFF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala. El Progreso</emphasis>
|
||
: Tulumaje, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AB52D6ADB2F49BE6C5BF9CAF41D3E9BE" degrees="14.9286" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.9286">14.9286</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8B4579397E589D5AC82972105F2C62B5" degrees="90.0313" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.0313">-90.0313</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 346 m, 23 Oct 2003,
|
||
<emphasis id="2964A0D0D7497ADCE1261DDB82386D6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. Avila 71</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, MEXU).
|
||
<emphasis id="6585D6AF778D9932B908B5F5764B727F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huehuetenango</emphasis>
|
||
: Between Santa Ana Huista and woods of Rancho Lucas, Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, 800-900 m, 26 Aug 1942,
|
||
<emphasis id="0D765144B5940473FDC5774D8FAEB0D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.A. Steyermark 51365</emphasis>
|
||
(MO1294998).
|
||
<emphasis id="95B656895471B2B4BA4A03C1875557F6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zacapan</emphasis>
|
||
: San
|
||
<normalizedToken id="049B6EFE5117E72B832494435B04004F" originalValue="Agustín">Agustin</normalizedToken>
|
||
Acasaguastlan, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E8BB3972AFE2C69694B9243DD7781DC8" degrees="14.9480" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.948">14.9480</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E02D23B2497075572704242A51DA55D1" degrees="89.9647" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-89.9647">-89.9647</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 300 m, 8 Feb 2003,
|
||
<emphasis id="23424A097944C94734A2BC057F46D483" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
F.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DFDED1D92CC32BBD5C14F1563898FFB5" originalValue="Ramírez">Ramirez</normalizedToken>
|
||
254
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MEXU).
|
||
<emphasis id="FAC7CB8F0392046016FF87192A638DE7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
|
||
: roadside on road MEX190 from Tuxtla
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0482501FC27CE62EAEC97D9910154E7B" originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
|
||
to San Fernando, about 8 km NW from the center of Tuxtla
|
||
<normalizedToken id="885AFF103B226E96F921AA4E8A064B71" originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
|
||
(in a straight line),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ECCB13E12AA1443FF6D640D57DA669C0" degrees="16.7944" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.7944">16.7944</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="863B93309E682162A5600EE34EB93898" degrees="93.1836" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-93.1836">-93.1836</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 733 m, 29 Nov 2012,
|
||
<emphasis id="3BAA3E53A1FF2035E0C1D685F641328C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. Bohs 3920</emphasis>
|
||
(DAV, MEXU).
|
||
<emphasis id="56836B41DCD695FA92612F485892A791" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colima</emphasis>
|
||
: 17-18 km al NW de Colima; 1 km al sur de Campo Cuatro, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0BC0A34CEF92F4721F5C8F4FA847D1FF" degrees="19.3138" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="19.3138">19.3138</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1F2FF33A9F2E0605E210C48C95C1E51E" degrees="103.7604" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-103.7604">-103.7604</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 1300 m, 15 Aug 1991,
|
||
<emphasis id="A786C7AC4E835B7C2075D696FD35DF43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F.J. Santana Michael 5281</emphasis>
|
||
(MEXU).
|
||
<emphasis id="88F07F87AFA1A0758816ACC0CB0654A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jalisco</emphasis>
|
||
: Rancho Cuixmala, along the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EAA4946971C4B607B1C47714510EBD15" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cuitzmala near the ranch headquarters, from the road crossing to Zapata downstream about 1 km, [19.38, -104.98], 10 m, 16 Mar 1991,
|
||
<emphasis id="5FDFB2D36FADA5769EF0BB10911F8015" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Sanders 10509</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, NY).
|
||
<emphasis id="24492367CB7B1108B1D7DD3479790960" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7EA16C17E8C21C0140D478AD62612C05" originalValue="Michoacán">Michoacan</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Cuatrocaminos, 4 km al N de Playa Azul, rumbo a la
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DFAF2182DBBF305ED323F091680EC672" originalValue="desviación">desviacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
a
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FC43C7DAEC503A64D0F723AF4FB54D6F" originalValue="Lázaro">Lazaro</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D65A24E1FA890FE22684BB1A576922FC" originalValue="Cárdenas-Tecomán">Cardenas-Tecoman</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C34372968AFD2BF4168AA1E0D8920DE3" degrees="18.0196" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="18.0196">18.0196</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AA2C77E32D5598E6A36CC4E0E0B35ECD" degrees="102.3414" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-102.3414">-102.3414</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 50 m, 21 Jun 1998,
|
||
<emphasis id="654B6D77DAFEA47F657561319620299C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Tenorio L. 19750</emphasis>
|
||
(MEXU).
|
||
<emphasis id="405F935DEEDEE5C2802804995E4499EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oaxaca</emphasis>
|
||
: Dto. Yautepec, Toma de Agua,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2273B71B23250F672B1CB53A3D734BDC" degrees="16.4433" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.4433">16.4433</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F98D15BA5001233E2943FB4E32F1695E" degrees="90.0044" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.0044">-90.0044</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1036 m, 24 May 2012,
|
||
<emphasis id="CAEBF577F5702D68C140C4D5A166D1BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="913C7214F5D4816C59A3DD9079C9AE32" originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
|
||
P. 3039
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(DAV).
|
||
<emphasis id="20AB9A73354DDAB7D5702465904F7B3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sinaloa</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C5B8103AD5C363289D78DD0779A0F0F6" originalValue="Culiacán">Culiacan</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 27 Aug-15 Sep 1981,
|
||
<emphasis id="5CEC245CC8A62A1B4B1380940206A561" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Palmer 1502</emphasis>
|
||
(NY).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |