377 lines
42 KiB
XML
377 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c1bdc338-0b7e-42b2-92d6-b6ba8a0be2cb" ID-PMC="PMC8163715" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1039-139" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A" ID-PubMed="34113206" ID-ZooBank="F2F861A533DF4B61827DEB71AB97E97F" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1039-139" checkinTime="1621628215386" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Grosse, Mael, Capa, Maria & Bakken, Torkild" docDate="2021" docId="0CD9D597AF9D5A7FA134E18EC4BBFADF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1039: 139-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1039" docPubDate="2021-05-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098" docTitle="Chaetozone monteverdii Grosse & Capa & Bakken 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0B70368F-1A73-41DA-8A98-DCA3F2ACAC24" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A" masterDocTitle="Describing the hidden species diversity of Chaetozone (Annelida, Cirratulidae) in the Norwegian Sea using morphological and molecular diagnostics" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1668152761992" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Describing the hidden species diversity of Chaetozone (Annelida, Cirratulidae) in the Norwegian Sea using morphological and molecular diagnostics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grosse, Mael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-1376</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>University of the Balearic Island, Department of Biology, Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, Balearic Islands, Spain & Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">maelgrosse@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-7961</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>University of the Balearic Island, Department of Biology, Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, Balearic Islands, Spain & Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5188-7305</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-05-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1039</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>176</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1039-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F2F861A533DF4B61827DEB71AB97E97F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182256075" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0B70368F-1A73-41DA-8A98-DCA3F2ACAC24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0CD9D597AF9D5A7FA134E18EC4BBFADF" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/0B70368F-1A73-41DA-8A98-DCA3F2ACAC24" authority="Grosse & Capa & Bakken, 2021" authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii" status="sp. nov.">Chaetozone monteverdii</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="139">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN 98250 in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figures 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">, 10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authority="Grosse & Capa & Bakken, 2021" authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Chaetozone</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" author="Grosse, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" refId="B26" refString="Grosse, M, Bakken, T, Nygren, A, Kongsrud, JA, Capa, M, 2020. Species delimitation analyses of NE Atlantic Chaetozone reveals hidden diversity among a common and abundant marine annelid. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 149: e106852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" title="Species delimitation analyses of NE Atlantic Chaetozone reveals hidden diversity among a common and abundant marine annelid. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 149: e 106852." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" year="2020">Grosse et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Norwegian Sea, north-west of Bergen, 280 m depth.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Norwegian Sea • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.37705" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="61.37705">61.37705°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="2.11215" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="2.11215">2.11215°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2014-05-31">31 May 2014</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN98250.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-06-27" collectingDateMax="2017-06-13" collectingDateMin="2007-06-27" elevation="328" latitude="59.99" location="North Sea" longLatPrecision="621" longitude="5.35" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0CD9D597AF9D5A7FA134E18EC4BBFADF:633EE37D39BAE326CCA6091B25698201" latitude="59.99" longLatPrecision="621" longitude="5.35" name="North Sea">North Sea</location>
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• 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="59.56729" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="59.56729">59.56729°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.21568" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.21568">5.21568°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2017-04-26">26 Apr. 2017</collectingDate>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" unit="m" value="328.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" unit="m" value="328.0">328 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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; ZMBN125786 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62.35117" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="62.35117">62.35117°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="6.16178" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="6.16178">6.16178°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2012-07-21">21 Jul. 2012</collectingDate>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" unit="m" value="243.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" unit="m" value="243.0">243 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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; ZMBN125783 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="60.2593" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="60.2593">60.2593°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.13703" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.13703">5.13703°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2017-06-13">13 Jun. 2017</collectingDate>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" unit="m" value="248.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" unit="m" value="248.0">248 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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; ZMBN116562 • 2 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="59.99" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="59.99">59.99°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="5.35">5.35°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2007-06-27">27 Jun. 2007</collectingDate>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="250.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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; NTNU-VM74506, ZMBN129648
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Comparative material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chambers & Woodham" authorityYear="2003" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone jubata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jubata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone jubata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: Faroe-Shetland channel • 2 ind.; 61.5.57°N,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="2.4093" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-2.4093">2.4093°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="1996-07">Jul. 1996</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" unit="m" value="710.0">710 m</quantity>
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; NMSZ.1999.237.4-5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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Prostomium fused with peristomium, giving the anterior end a drop-like appearance; dorsal tentacles on segment 1 (achaetous), first pair of branchiae on segment 2 (achaetous); ventral ridge; long capillary chaetae on expanded anterior with fibrils arranged in distinctive transversal rows, numerous, long, broad and flat spines on high complete cinctures (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN 98250 in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN98250 in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="molecular diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Molecular diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">COI: 97: G; 110: C; 145: C; 199: G; 232: 277: G; C; 281: G; 282:T; 356: C; 363: T, 459: T; 485: G, 515: A; 530: T; 564-565: CC, 37-38: TA. 28S: 58: A; 69: T; 440: A; 416-417: CT; 453-454: CT; 454-455: TG; 460-461: GC (based on ten COI sequences and 13 28S sequences).</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">A</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">B</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">D</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN129648, SEM of notopodial spine
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">E</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">F</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN116562, cross section of posterior segment
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">G</emphasis>
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paratype ZMBN129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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A large species, holotype incomplete, 56 segments (51-56), 20 mm long (14-25 mm), 1.5 mm wide. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN 98250 in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">9</figureCitation>
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). Body elongate, larger anteriorly, narrowing towards the anterior end and in posterior half, oval to flattened oval in cross section anteriorly, round in cross section posteriorly. Anterior segments narrow and crowded, 5 or 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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higher and wider than long, lengthening and enlarging progressively after first 10-15 segments to 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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higher than long in posterior segments. Thin, shallow dorsal groove over first 10-15 segments. Prominent ventral ridge along anterior half of body.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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Prostomium as long as peristomium, conical, blunt, fused with peristomium, without annulations; eyespots absent; nuchal organs simple slits on posterior margin of prostomium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10A</figureCitation>
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). Peristomium short, as long as three segments, without annulations, overlapping segment 1 posteriorly, in large specimens much narrower than first segments giving whole head a characteristic "drop shape" clearly set off from rest of body (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal tentacles on segment 1 (achaetous), well separated (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Segment 1 achaetous, not completing dorsally, in large specimens, wider than peristomium but not as wide as segment 2 (achaetous) which can cover it on the side so that it is only "facing forward" (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). First pair of branchiae arising from segment 2 (achaetous) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Small dorsal crest over segments 1-4 in some specimens. Second pair of branchiae arising from chaetiger 1, dorsal to notopodia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subsequent branchiae similarly placed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Chaetozone barentsensis sp. nov. A holotype NTNU-VM 74492 in lateral view, stained with Shirlastain A B paratype ZMBN 129638, SEM of anterior end in lateral view C paratype ZMBN 129639, SEM of posterior notopodia. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546236" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Branchiae or branchial scars present on most chaetigers until development of cinctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
Parapodia as low mounds or ridges in anterior segments, progressively developing into elevated membranes and into complete cinctures around segment 38-43, with deep constrictions between the segments (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN 98250 in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10F</figureCitation>
|
||
). 7-12 short capillary chaetae in anterior notopodia, approximately 12 in anterior neuropodia, smooth basally and with thin, dense fibrils along one edge from middle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Approximately seven very long capillary chaetae in notopodia from chaetiger 3 or 4 up to chaetiger 25, segmented, each segment like a cylinder diagonally cut in cross section with thin fibrils along the edge, difficult to see with light microscopy but obvious with SEM (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10B, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). 12-16 spines per neuropodia from segment 29-32, 12-14 per notopodia from segment 29-34, long, with a broad flattened elongated leaf shaped blade, slightly folded along its length, longer in notopodia, often crossing over dorsum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Alternating capillary chaetae between all spines, as long or shorter than spines (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
Pygidium with terminal anus and with a small rounded ventral lobe (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
This species is named after Claudio Monteverdi, an Italian composer, author of the operatic scena 'Il combattimento di Tancredi e
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Clorinda’">Clorinda'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, amongst other pieces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="methylene blue staining pattern">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Methylene blue staining pattern.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">No strong pattern. Some dark stained dots appear after differentiation on the pygidium, the posterior side of some parapodia, and the underside of some segments.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
The size and volume of the prostomium, peristomium and the first segments varies in some specimens, which do not exhibit the characteristic
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“drop-shaped”">"drop-shaped"</normalizedToken>
|
||
head and enlarged anterior segments shown on Figures
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN 98250 in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov. A paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of anterior end in lateral view B paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary C paratype ZMBN 125786, SEM of smooth notopodial capillary D paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of notopodial spine E paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of pygidium in lateral view F paratype ZMBN 116562, cross section of posterior segment G paratype ZMBN 129648, SEM of long segmented notopodial capillary. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546238" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10</figureCitation>
|
||
, or sometimes only slightly. The prostomium and peristomium are, however, always fused and the arrangement of the dorsal tentacles and first pairs of branchiae is always the same, with dorsal tentacles on segment 1 (achaetous) and first pair of branchiae on segment 2 (achaetous).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
This species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the general appearance, presence of long chaetae (several times the body width) along the anterior part of the body (from approximately the 2nd-4th chaetigers to approximately the 25th for both species), and the distinctive ample posterior cinctures with big characteristic leaf shaped spines.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chambers & Woodham" authorityYear="2003" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone jubata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as having the tentacular palps originating dorsally from the posterior margin of the third peristomial ring. On the two paratypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined, the peristomial rings are difficult to distinguish and there seems to be either a last, short peristomial ring or an achaetous segment between the tentacular palps and chaetiger 1, on which no branchiae was found. In
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. we interpret the tentacular palps as originating from a first achaetous segment, which is very distinct from the peristomium.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the nature of the long chaetae (segmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.), the size of the specimens (up to 8 mm reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 20 mm for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.), the presence of a ventral ridge (a groove in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the number of short capillary chaetae in anterior parapodia (5-10 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 19-24 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is readily distinguished from most other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the area by the complete fusion of prostomium and peristomium and its distinctive drop-like head shape (in most specimens), the long capillary chaetae restricted to the anterior part of the body, and the amplitude of the posterior cinctures, along with the size and number of spines fully or nearly encircling them. However, it is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 2 and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 4 (in this paper), from which it is so far only distinguished by the nature of the long capillary chaetae, which present fibrils arranged in transversal rows unique to this species, and the presence of a ventral ridge instead of a ventral groove.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 2, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 4 are all found in the same geographic area (Norwegian coast and shelf) and in the same range of depths (~ 200-600 m).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone monteverdii" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone monteverdii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. COI distance with other species in the area ranges from 22% to 26% (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. COI p-distances between and within Norwegian Chaetozone species. The number of base differences per site from averaging over all sequence pairs within each group are shown. Species described and discussed in this paper are denoted with an " ° "." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2F53ECA24C510685DFC059FF9116B1D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" tableUuid="2F53ECA24C510685DFC059FF9116B1D4">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Norwegian coast and shelf, offshore and in the fjords, south of the Trondheimsfjord, ~ 200-300 m depth.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |