treatments-xml/data/03/C9/87/03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF.xml

<document id="84E433B18C589CA85C1432C18F034CD8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14594544" ID-ZooBank="76313A9C-2468-4022-B58F-9BFF8915751E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1735929109396" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Xu, Yu, Lu, Bo, Watling, Les, Zhan, Zifeng, Wang, Chunsheng &amp; Xu, Kuidong" docDate="2024" docId="03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5555.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5555 (2)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aethisis turriformis Xu, Lu &amp; Xu 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="FFF0FF96FFE1FFEBFFC6FFF24318FFA6" masterDocTitle="Studies on western Pacific gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia). Part 3: towards a revision of the bamboo corals (Keratoisididae) with descriptions of three new genera and four new species" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1736167344886" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="6DFC55E615F3612B4CFF1271C251604F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C38A30309A80919B39D3B45591420517">
<mods:title id="CD0412D615BED1A8D9362FC8C3FBE61F">Studies on western Pacific gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia). Part 3: towards a revision of the bamboo corals (Keratoisididae) with descriptions of three new genera and four new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="01645E3F82AD2E607053D48EDC591607" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7A562117C2B40EA83EEC75A2C0A47ADC">
<mods:roleTerm id="809403FE874E04420695AFD46101FF73">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="35C1186D4DADF5806DB624307287BFB9">Xu, Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7C0B80150C63B04885080E8BAEF4A7FB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4937-122X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7C48EC0F9BE574907D511FD778E31930">Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5FBBA6B70F984E1EE949187F29F5B960" type="email">xuyu@qdio.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1AE14F7559FCD0CEC3780B3C76EAA643" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EA44CA5B10B6F4071E04465ADABEBFB6">
<mods:roleTerm id="DB19160F7D9570831FCD8DE3945505AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2AA5F3D1CEBDFD71A094FAD5FA688159">Lu, Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EAC9438998C52A2368967D4BB107DC64" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4626-5528</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8FC6B619005B2666B9B07B99D1D1C3FD">Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6E90CE3CFF88B5853FFCBDC31E55F8D8" type="email">lub@sio.org.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="19E9079323A77DEA412272FD74E5E256" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E742EF18FC6D3ED3E83AAA32148E5C46">
<mods:roleTerm id="C8EB91683AACF29FF42F67C82ED4979F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A085DE9BC4766000E4276F6039F15FD7">Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B465C30654C4B84CCF9AFBDAC923967D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6901-1168</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9351806B0C45E29A3A85DFBCAAE5A465">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE52FA5C8F66AC6CF6B1E37B673B8CC4" type="email">watling@hawaii.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="748077DE0BD79A20AAFFBA2C9A6AA41A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8910D39BC6077A5DEA1E90B412C8A9BF">
<mods:roleTerm id="BFF533289D5D313BDA3B0E790A812868">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1CCB755206B8F6C7E330D7B2B57C690F">Zhan, Zifeng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="113A1CBF829DCDF30291A1EE9DFB792E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4386-0687</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="637F73D45E9F47B926BB31822930413D">Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CF2BDCEABE6372D0727FCD76551027C1" type="email">zzhan@qdio.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AA26E91D0AB90B3B4524C7A5DBE17344" type="personal">
<mods:role id="22B65B9FB1573320D8028D3F0C21D74E">
<mods:roleTerm id="0D048953AECE8ABB7461B05A2BFF3C47">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CB166E8592E11E6ECD1666DE3BE2D3D8">Wang, Chunsheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6F7E592B6058935A67F24ED83981A21B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9287-8288</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="478BA62BCC2DA45F6E7EF7CFD90639FE">Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="58AAF8801C0FFC503ADDFA90B25F6D33" type="email">wangsio@sio.org.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="60E5A03C227E7B80FDDC6C1CC323858F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="36BFDEB19CFEE000AB88A3970FA9DAAB">
<mods:roleTerm id="F8CB5459872D991FF3E09E7020363C20">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="59C22C32CBB048176D69C9191163B5C6">Xu, Kuidong</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7A0487A81A4610F33FC19615F118A8B3" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5186-519X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="32CC7C1150C879A28CEFC7EBDFCD1576">Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China. &amp; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China. &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F31EB3F1A01A2C9DB87B81806F3ABBA" type="email">kxu@qdio.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="222330326F8EB314A815BF5188BD3097">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="8DD1C81FE8B4D909A605893671DC5173" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BEB1A38930A2BC8C1EFDDB0869D3BF99">
<mods:title id="916DDE57827000EF61D7D1E1926B5111">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7963129C96949A03367EB7CC0751D134">
<mods:date id="D3BEC30CEBC2AA0E37E65C63E1025D72">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="37B3BFF4A95296A7FA09F247DD723C75" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="51F5179D8297EAD52F006B50F6BBF60E">2024-12-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1F8F5DDE886462A199C53A51F41AF294" type="volume">
<mods:number id="48A58993A56174D33D006767FAC3668E">5555</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0C9FFF455A1AA50A12FD25147D15B582" type="issue">
<mods:number id="167DA89D4639D4ADC32F1B4ED20D00C0">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FA01A1449B9F53562996A04CF4B75849" unit="page">
<mods:start id="48FF80B1801D1CD224B9BF6A308ECC96">151</mods:start>
<mods:end id="47ACBF12D084414434C4C016AF46AB24">181</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="F6614FD88DBABE05578325D3BAD0BBF3">
<mods:url id="C38E93B4D2E18713ACE25DCF40D3238D">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="1CBE730951D0E22B5825B1ABE6E4C234">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="41ECC92AF9587DF0C219A261C92D8640" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="329547D89725E0B3D8D2817ECF642CE3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="483DA1E2FD33E3AE29CDFA005E2F59CE" type="Zenodo-Dep">14594544</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="73989153F1B3A2D75BC7B65DF5806ED0" type="ZooBank">76313A9C-2468-4022-B58F-9BFF8915751E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595468" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14595468" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFEBFFE1FF51FC054185FBB7" box="[151,669,1015,1042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF51FC054185FBB7" blockId="10.[151,990,1015,1113]" box="[151,669,1015,1042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<heading id="D0978194FFEBFFE1FF51FC054185FBB7" bold="true" box="[151,669,1015,1042]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF51FC054185FBB7" bold="true" box="[151,669,1015,1042]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFEBFFE1FF51FC05412AFBB7" authority="Xu, Lu &amp; Xu" authorityName="Xu, Lu &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,562,1015,1042]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="turriformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF51FC05429DFBB7" bold="true" box="[151,389,1015,1042]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Aethisis turriformis</emphasis>
Xu, Lu &amp; Xu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275791FFEBFFE1FDF9FC054185FBB7" box="[575,669,1015,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFEBFFE1FF51FBE943E7FBFF" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF51FBE940C6FB90" blockId="10.[151,990,1015,1113]" box="[151,990,1051,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<uri id="FFF13AFAFFEBFFE1FF51FBE940C6FB90" box="[151,990,1051,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
<uuid id="FFC60C2DFFEBFFE1FE6EFBE940C6FB90" box="[424,990,1051,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">A5BAFF87-FCEC-4B25-AA98-4AFE169D078B</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF51FBCD43E7FBFF" blockId="10.[151,990,1015,1113]" box="[151,255,1087,1113]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FF51FBCD43E7FBFF" box="[151,255,1087,1113]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@12.[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFEBFFE1FF51FB754026FB4F" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF51FB754026FB4F" blockId="10.[151,1437,1159,1906]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF51FB75429BFB07" bold="true" box="[151,387,1159,1185]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B083CA5FFEBFFE1FE4BFB7547C6FB63" collectingDate="2021-01-24" collectionCode="R, V" country="Palau" elevation="2104" latitude="13.3389" location="Kyushu Palau Ridge" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.5606" municipality="Ridge" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" specimenCode="RSIOOCT0241" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FE4BFB75411BFB07" bold="true" box="[397,515,1159,1185]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<typeStatus id="54DB885AFFEBFFE1FE4BFB7542E6FB07" box="[397,510,1159,1185]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBC69E83FFEBFFE1FDCBFB7541D8FB07" box="[525,704,1159,1185]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">RSIOOCT0241</specimenCode>
, station JL179 (
<geoCoordinate id="EE54503FFFEBFFE1FCBCFB7540E1FB07" box="[890,1017,1159,1185]" degrees="13.3389" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" precision="5" value="13.3389">13.3389°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE54503FFFEBFFE1FBC0FB754788FB04" box="[1030,1168,1159,1186]" degrees="134.5606" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" precision="5" value="134.5606">134.5606°E</geoCoordinate>
), seamounts located on the 
<locationDeviation id="9A6D2FDAFFEBFFE1FF02FB594219FB63" box="[196,257,1195,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">south</locationDeviation>
<location id="8EBF6023FFEBFFE1FECCFB5942E2FB63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF:8EBF6023FFEBFFE1FECCFB5942E2FB63" box="[266,506,1195,1221]" country="Palau" latitude="13.3389" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.5606" municipality="Ridge" name="Kyushu Palau Ridge" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Kyushu Palau Ridge</location>
, 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFEBFFE1FDCEFB59417AFB60" box="[520,610,1195,1222]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.104" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="2104.0">
<elevation id="004DD1CBFFEBFFE1FDCEFB59417AFB60" box="[520,610,1195,1222]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.104" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="2104.0">2104 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFDE1038FFEBFFE1FDB7FB59402CFB63" box="[625,820,1195,1222]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" value="2021-01-24">
<collectingDate id="EF9AE9D0FFEBFFE1FDB7FB59402CFB63" box="[625,820,1195,1222]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" value="2021-01-24">24 January 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, DY60 cruise of R/V 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FBFEFB5947C6FB63" box="[1080,1246,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">ShenHaiYiHao</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B083CA5FFEBFFE1FB29FB594022FB4F" collectingDate="2021-01-24" collectionCode="MBM" country="Palau" elevation="2104" latitude="13.3389" location="Kyushu Palau Ridge" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="134.5606" municipality="Ridge" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" specimenCode="MBM287341" specimenCount="1">
Other material: 
<specimenCode id="DBC69E83FFEBFFE1FF51FB3D422AFB4F" box="[151,306,1231,1257]" collectionCode="MBM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">MBM287341</specimenCode>
, voucher 
<specimenCount id="9D66FD71FFEBFFE1FE59FB3D4111FB4F" box="[415,521,1231,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
isolated from the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFEBFFE1FF01FB0141A0FAA8" box="[199,696,1267,1294]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF01FB0141A0FAA8" blockId="10.[151,1437,1159,1906]" box="[199,696,1267,1294]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF01FB01425AFAAB" bold="true" box="[199,322,1267,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
With the characters of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFEBFFE6FF01FAE5402AFD9B" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF01FAE542FAFA67" blockId="10.[151,1437,1159,1906]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF01FAE542A4FA97" bold="true" box="[199,444,1303,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Description. Colony.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54DB885AFFEBFFE1FE02FAE54134FA97" box="[452,556,1303,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FDF3FAEA4163FA97" box="[565,635,1304,1329]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">in situ</emphasis>
large, non-planar with a disc-shaped calcareous holdfast and branches dichotomously branched in different planes forming a tree-shaped colony (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FC0FFAC94739FAF3" box="[969,1057,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). 
<typeStatus id="54DB885AFFEBFFE1FBF5FAC94783FAF3" box="[1075,1179,1339,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
broken and incomplete after collection with the holdfast not recovered (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FD7DFAAD400CFADF" box="[699,788,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Internodes up to 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFEBFFE1FC2CFAAD4728FADC" box="[1002,1072,1375,1402]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="cm" value="13.0">13 cm</quantity>
long, sometimes hollow. Nodes brown and short, concave inward. Terminal branchlets slender 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FC89FA76408BFA3B" box="[847,915,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">in situ</emphasis>
, up to 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFEBFFE1FC19FA71473BFA38" box="[991,1059,1411,1438]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="cm" value="55.0">55 cm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FBF7FA714790FA3B" box="[1073,1160,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Coenenchyme thin and white after fixation (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FEBBFA5542CDFA67" box="[381,469,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF01FA39425EF93F" blockId="10.[151,1437,1159,1906]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF01FA394206FA43" bold="true" box="[199,286,1483,1509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Polyps.</emphasis>
Polyps turreted and cylindrical with an expanded distal part and an obvious constriction below the tentacular part, usually 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFEBFFE1FE5BFA1D42E2F9AC" box="[413,506,1519,1546]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 mm</quantity>
in height and 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFEBFFE1FD5FFA1D41EDF9AC" box="[665,757,1519,1546]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
in width (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FCA1FA1D40C7F9AF" box="[871,991,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3C–E</figureCitation>
). Polyps pink to orange after collection, and became white with brown color occurring on the distal part of the polyps after fixation. Polyps spaced widely on the branch, perpendicular to the axis or slightly tilted, arranged irregularly on all sides of the axis, up to 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFEBFFE1FA9DF9C54685F9F4" box="[1371,1437,1591,1618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
apart. Tentacular part conical or dome shaped with tentacles contractile and tightly folded on the distal part of polyps (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FF59F98D4222F93F" box="[159,314,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3C–E, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEBFFE1FF01F9514053F8D7" blockId="10.[151,1437,1159,1906]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEBFFE1FF01F951422BF91B" bold="true" box="[199,307,1699,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Sclerites.</emphasis>
Sclerites densely arranged in polyps and coenenchyme, covered with more or less shallow grooves (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FF59F935420DF947" box="[159,277,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
). Rods in the back of tentacle rachis densely and longitudinally arranged, flat and often with two expanded and rounded ends, some of them with toothed lateral edges, occasionally branched or crossed, measuring 138–335 × 23–100 μm (length × width, the same below, 
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FD4AF8FD400AF88F" box="[652,786,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Figs. 3D–G</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FCDAF8FD405BF88F" box="[796,835,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">4D</figureCitation>
). Scales in pinnules longitudinally arranged, thick and usually with a slightly medial constriction and toothed edges, occasionally branched or crossed and covered with longitudinal ridges, measuring 54–112 × 20–62 μm (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFEBFFE1FD23F8A54026F8D7" box="[741,830,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1F6670FFEAFFE0FF51F8984125F849" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" startId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" targetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEAFFE0FF51F8984125F849" blockId="11.[151,1436,1898,2031]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEAFFE0FF51F898420DF824" bold="true" box="[151,277,1898,1922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
External morphology, polyps and sclerites of 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFEAFFE0FD32F89840A3F825" authorityName="Xu &amp; Lu &amp; Watling &amp; Zhan &amp; Wang &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[756,955,1898,1923]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="turriformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEAFFE0FD32F89840A3F825" box="[756,955,1898,1923]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Aethisis turriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEAFFE0FC02F899470EF825" bold="true" box="[964,1046,1899,1923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275791FFEAFFE0FC02F899470EF825" box="[964,1046,1899,1923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(A, B) The holotype 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEAFFE0FB3FF8994621F824" box="[1273,1337,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">in situ</emphasis>
and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1F6670FFEDFFE7FF51F8D2406EF827" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14594552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" startId="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" targetBox="[154,1434,198,1798]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFEDFFE7FF51F8D2406EF827" blockId="12.[151,1437,1824,1921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEDFFE7FF51F8D24215F89E" bold="true" box="[151,269,1824,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
. Sclerites of 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFEDFFE7FE52F8D24142F89F" authorityName="Xu &amp; Lu &amp; Watling &amp; Zhan &amp; Wang &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[404,602,1824,1849]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="turriformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEDFFE7FE52F8D24142F89F" box="[404,602,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Aethisis turriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFEDFFE7FDA7F8D341AAF89F" bold="true" box="[609,690,1825,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275791FFEDFFE7FDA7F8D341AAF89F" box="[609,690,1825,1849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFECFFE6FF01FF65402AFD9B" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
Sclerites absent and formed a bare, sclerite-free area at the base of each tentacle (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FBFFFF6547B7FF17" box="[1081,1199,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
). Rods longitudinally arranged in the inter-tentacular area extending to the upper polyp body wall, often large and usually one or two in number, sometimes slightly projecting beyond the tentacles forming eight blunt points, measuring 948–1233 × 120– 138 μm (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FF3BFEF14298FEBB" box="[253,384,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Figs. 3C–E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FE4DFEF142AAFEBB" box="[395,434,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">4A</figureCitation>
). These rods were covered with ridge-like warts with the ends rough and granulated with deep grooves. Body wall with flat rods, sparse spindles and elongate thick scales (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FBFEFED547B5FEE7" box="[1080,1197,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
) usually transversely or obliquely arranged, some of them longitudinally in the base of tentacular part, measuring 119–648 × 34–142 μm. They often have slightly toothed lateral edges, some are covered with warts or large ridge-like projections on the surface, occasionally branched or crossed. Scales have an obvious medial constriction and are more abundant at the basal body wall. Flat rods and thick scales in coenenchyme are similar to the polyp body wall but relatively small in length, arranged along the branches and occasionally sparse, measuring 96–213 × 40–98 μm (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FB0FFE294657FE53" box="[1225,1359,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Figs. 3H, G</figureCitation>
). Rods in pharynx irregular and rough, covered with large blunt or conical projections on the lateral edge, occasionally partially crossed, measuring 73–100 × 25–43 μm (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FD0AFDD1403DFD9B" box="[716,805,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[154,1434,198,1798]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A) Rod sclerites from the base of tentacles; (B) Sclerites from pinnules, (C) pharynx, (D) tentacle rachis, (E) polyp body wall and coenenchyme,and (F) small rods from the polyp body wall. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 200 μm (D, E, F; D and E in the same scale), 50 μm (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594552" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594552/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFECFFE6FF01FDB54793FDC7" box="[199,1163,582,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFECFFE6FF01FDB54793FDC7" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,1163,582,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<materialsCitation id="3B083CA5FFECFFE6FF01FDB5479EFDC7" box="[199,1158,582,609]" country="Palau" county="Ridge" elevation="2104" location="Unnamed" municipality="south Kyushu" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FF01FDB5427EFDC6" bold="true" box="[199,358,582,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<typeStatus id="54DB885AFFECFFE6FF01FDB5421AFDC7" box="[199,258,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EBF6023FFECFFE6FEAAFDB542C1FDC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987EEFFEBFFE6FF51FC05416AFBFF:8EBF6023FFECFFE6FEAAFDB542C1FDC7" box="[364,473,583,609]" country="Palau" county="Ridge" municipality="south Kyushu" name="Unnamed" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Unnamed</location>
seamount located on the 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBBAC82FFECFFE6FD31FDB54089FDC7" box="[759,913,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">south Kyushu</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCountry id="F3777668FFECFFE6FC5EFDB540CEFDC7" box="[920,982,583,609]" name="Palau" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Palau</collectingCountry>
<collectingCounty id="62BE4E74FFECFFE6FC18FDB5473CFDC7" box="[990,1060,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Ridge</collectingCounty>
, 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFECFFE6FBE8FDB5479EFDC7" box="[1070,1158,583,609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.104" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2104.0">
<elevation id="004DD1CBFFECFFE6FBE8FDB5479EFDC7" box="[1070,1158,583,609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.104" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2104.0">2104 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFECFFE6FF01FD994268FD0F" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFECFFE6FF01FD994268FD0F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FF01FD994256FD23" bold="true" box="[199,334,619,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Etymology.</emphasis>
The Latin adjective 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FDFAFD9941AFFD23" authorityName="Xu &amp; Lu &amp; Watling &amp; Zhan &amp; Wang &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[572,695,619,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="turriformis">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FDFAFD9941AFFD23" box="[572,695,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">turriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the turreted polyps with an expanded and conical distal part of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFECFFE6FF01FD4047A5FD6B" box="[199,1213,690,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFECFFE6FF01FD4047A5FD6B" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,1213,690,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FF01FD40427EFD6B" bold="true" box="[199,358,690,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Genetic data.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B083CA5FFECFFE6FEABFD4147A0FD6B" box="[365,1208,691,717]" collectionCode="MBM" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="MBM287341" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC69E83FFECFFE6FEABFD414110FD6B" box="[365,520,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">MBM287341</specimenCode>
, 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FDD5FD41419FFD6B" box="[531,647,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">28S rDNA</emphasis>
: 
<accessionNumber id="9433AB1BFFECFFE6FD50FD414014FD6B" box="[662,780,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">PP992076</accessionNumber>
, 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FCD1FD414054FD6B" box="[791,844,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">cox1</emphasis>
: 
<accessionNumber id="9433AB1BFFECFFE6FC9DFD4140C9FD6B" box="[859,977,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">PP991396</accessionNumber>
, 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FC1AFD41472BFD6B" box="[988,1075,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">mtMutS</emphasis>
: 
<accessionNumber id="9433AB1BFFECFFE6FB84FD4147A0FD6B" box="[1090,1208,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">PP999499</accessionNumber>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFECFFE6FF01FD244078FCB3" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFECFFE6FF01FD244078FCB3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FF01FD2442E9FD56" bold="true" box="[199,497,726,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Known only from the seamounts located on the south Kyushu 
<collectingCountry id="F3777668FFECFFE6FB72FD2547EAFD57" box="[1204,1266,727,753]" name="Palau" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Palau</collectingCountry>
Ridge at water depth of 
<quantity id="4C989B1DFFECFFE6FF3DFD09424BFCB3" box="[251,339,763,789]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.104" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" unit="m" value="2104.0">2104 m</quantity>
. Colonies grow on a rocky substrate (
<figureCitation id="135B2A7DFFECFFE6FD3FFD09404BFCB3" box="[761,851,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1872]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. External morphology, polyps and sclerites of Aethisis turriformis sp. nov. (A, B) The holotype in situ and after collection, respectively; (C–E) Polyps under a light microscope; (F) Tentacle rachis with abundant sclerites and (G) tentacular part, under SEM with epidermal tissue removed; (H) Sclerites from coenenchyme. Scale bars: 10 cm (B), 2 mm (C), 1 mm (D, E), 500 μm (G), 200 μm (F), 100 μm (H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14594550" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14594550/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6573FFECFFE6FF01FCED416AFBFF" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDF36F8FFECFFE6FF01FCED416AFBFF" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FF01FCED4223FC9F" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FE84FCED4283FC9F" authorityName="Xu &amp; Lu &amp; Watling &amp; Zhan &amp; Wang &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[322,411,799,825]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FE84FCED4283FC9F" box="[322,411,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Aethisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275791FFECFFE6FE64FCED4111FC9F" box="[418,521,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the fourth genus in the clade J3. It is characterized by branches dichotomously branched in different planes, turreted polyps with a bare, sclerite-free area at the base of each tentacle, sclerites usually with toothed lateral edges, and flat rods and scales abundant in polyp body wall and coenenchyme. The new genus can be easily separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FD9EFC7941DAFC03" authorityName="Lapointe &amp; Watling" authorityYear="2022" box="[600,706,907,933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Dokidisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FD9EFC7941DAFC03" box="[600,706,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Dokidisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FD31FC794071FC03" authorityName="Morrissey, Allcock &amp; Quattrini" authorityYear="2024" box="[759,873,907,933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Explorisis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleralcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FD31FC794071FC03" box="[759,873,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Explorisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because there are no scales in the polyp body wall and coenenchyme of the latter two genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B09FFECFFE6FDB8FC5D40BBFC6F" author="Lapointe, A. &amp; Watling, L." box="[638,931,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="137 - 157" refId="ref15314" refString="Lapointe, A. &amp; Watling, L. (2022) Towards a revision of the bamboo corals (Octocorallia): Part 5, new genera and species of Keratoisididae from the Tasmanian deep sea. Zootaxa, 5168 (2), 137 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5168.2.3" type="journal article" year="2022">Lapointe &amp; Watling 2022</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B09FFECFFE6FC69FC5D47B0FC6F" author="Periasamy, R. &amp; Kurian, P. J. &amp; Ingole, B." box="[943,1192,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" refId="ref16033" refString="Periasamy, R., Kurian, P. J. &amp; Ingole, B. (2023) Two new bamboo corals species (octocorallia: Keratoisididae) from the seamounts of slow-spreading central indian ridge. Deep-Sea Research Part I, 201, 104158. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr. 2023.104158." type="journal volume" year="2023">
Periasamy 
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FBEDFC5D4745FC6F" box="[1067,1117,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">et al</emphasis>
. 2023
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FB7DFC5D460CFC6F" authorityName="Xu &amp; Lu &amp; Watling &amp; Zhan &amp; Wang &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1211,1300,943,969]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FB7DFC5D460CFC6F" box="[1211,1300,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Aethisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275791FFECFFE6FADAFC5D469AFC6F" box="[1308,1410,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FE97FC2142A0FC4A" authorityName="Alderslade &amp; McFadden" authorityYear="2012" box="[337,440,979,1004]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Jasonisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FE97FC2142A0FC4A" box="[337,440,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Jasonisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in sclerite forms, also including rods, needles and scales. However, the 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FB18FC214684FC4B" box="[1246,1436,979,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FB18FC21465DFC4A" box="[1246,1349,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Jasonisis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have a planar colony and are covered by a thick tegument, have cylindrical polyps without a bare, sclerite-free area at the base of each tentacle, and the sclerites have more lobed edges, which are obviously different from 
<taxonomicName id="4C604D7BFFECFFE6FA82FBE94685FB93" authorityName="Xu &amp; Lu &amp; Watling &amp; Zhan &amp; Wang &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1348,1437,1051,1077]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Aethisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B914EAEAFFECFFE6FA82FBE94685FB93" box="[1348,1437,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Aethisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275791FFECFFE6FF51FBCD43E5FBFF" box="[151,253,1087,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B09FFECFFE6FECDFBCD417EFBFF" author="Alderslade, P. &amp; McFadden, C. S." box="[267,614,1087,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" pagination="21 - 39" refId="ref14404" refString="Alderslade, P. &amp; McFadden, C. S. (2012) A new genus and species of the family Isididae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) from a CMAR Biodiversity study, and a discussion on the subfamilial placement of some nominal isidid genera. Zootaxa, 3154 (1), 21 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3154.1.2." type="journal article" year="2012">Alderslade &amp; McFadden 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>