191 lines
16 KiB
XML
191 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFF4FFF413BEFDBCFE55FB08" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Chiroderma improvisum R. J. Baker & Genoways 1976" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="553" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="553" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFF4FFF413BEFDBCFE55FB08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFF4FFF413BEFDBCFE55FB08" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<subSubSection box="[130,210,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[126,1324,518,604]" box="[130,210,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<heading box="[130,210,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<figureCitation box="[130,210,518,564]" captionStart="Plate 42: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="69.[132,162,3301,3326]" captionTargetBox="[19,2765,12,3653]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="143. Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma tmprovisum), 144. Little Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma trinitatum), 145. Salvin’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma salvini), 146. Hairy Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma villosum), 147. Brazilian Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma doriae), 148. Vizotto’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma vizottoi), 149. Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus bidens), 150. Brock’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus brocki), 151. Striped Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus nymphaea), 152. Baker’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bakeri), 153. Common Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bilobatum), 154. Pacific Tent-making Bat (Uroderma convexum), 155. Davis’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma dauvisi), 156. Brown Tent-making Bat (Uroderma magnirostrum), 157. Kalko’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa elisabethae), 158. Melissa’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa melissa), 159. Quechuan Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa sinchi), 160. Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa thyone), 161. Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa pusilla), 162. MacConnell’s Bat (Mesophylla macconnelli), 163. Caracciolo’s Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes caraccioli), 164. Great Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes major)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459035/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">143.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[228,811,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[126,1324,518,604]" box="[228,811,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<heading box="[228,811,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<vernacularName box="[228,811,518,564]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[865,1314,525,563]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[126,1324,518,604]" box="[865,1314,525,563]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<heading box="[865,1314,525,563]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<taxonomicName authority="R. J. Baker & Genoways, 1976" authorityName="R. J. Baker & Genoways" authorityYear="1976" box="[865,1314,525,563]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Chiroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="improvisum">
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<emphasis box="[865,1314,525,563]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Chiroderma improvisum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[127,1323,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[126,1324,518,604]" box="[127,1323,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<heading box="[127,1323,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[127,201,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[210,481,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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Chiroderme de
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<collectingCountry box="[364,481,582,603]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[502,591,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[600,945,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadeloupe-GrofRaugenfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[965,1055,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1064,1181,582,603]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Quirodermo</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingCountry box="[1220,1323,582,603]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[740,1332,649,1075]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[740,896,649,682]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="R. J. Baker & Genoways, 1976" authorityName="R. J. Baker & Genoways" authorityYear="1976" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Chiroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="improvisum">Chiroderma improvisum R. J. Baker & Genoways, 1976</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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“
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<collectingCountry box="[1151,1325,687,720]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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: Basse-Terre;
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<quantity box="[927,1006,731,760]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
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. S,
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<quantity box="[1072,1151,731,760]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
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. E Baie-Mahault,” Lesser Antilles.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[741,1103,805,838]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[740,1332,649,1075]" box="[741,1103,805,838]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458890/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" targetBox="[126,717,660,1073]" targetPageId="69">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[740,1332,649,1075]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[741,917,845,878]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Lesser Antilles in
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<collectingCountry box="[1210,1325,845,878]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">St. Kitts</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[742,900,892,917]" name="Montserrat" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Montserrat</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry box="[978,1151,892,917]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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Is.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[740,1332,649,1075]" lastBlockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[741,993,923,956]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 85-87 mm (tailless), ear 21-21-5 mm, hindfoot 15-17 mm, forearm 57-3-58-4 mm; weight 34-35 g. Dorsal fur of the Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat is dark brownish. Dorsal hairs are tricolored, with grayish brown bases, buff middles, and brown tips. Thin white median dorsalstripe extends from interscapular region to rump. Head has thin, inconspicuous, white supraocular and subocular stripes. Rostrum is relatively short. Ears are yellowish at bases, and distal one-half and tips are blackish. Tragus is small, ¢.33% of ear length, and yellowish. Noseleaf tip is simple or notched and blackish. Underparts are grayish. Wing membranes are blackish. Uropatagium is hairy and well developed, with notch near level of knees. Proximal two-thirds of forearm is hairy. Tail is absent. Skull has deep notch on nasal region due to greatly reduced nasal bones. Postorbital processes are well developed. Paraoccipital processes are prominent. Palate is relatively broad, without median post-palatal process. Sagittal crest is well developed. Mandible has prominent angular and coronoid processes. I' are in contactat tips. P, is small, and crown is c.33% height of P,. M,is massive, longer than M, and with five well-defined cusps. Dental formula for species of Chirodermais 12/2, C1/1,P 2/2, M 2/2 (
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<date box="[711,745,1599,1628]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">x2</date>
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) = 28. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 26 and FN = 48, with nine pairs of submetacentric or metacentric, two pairs of subtelocentric, and one pair of acrocentric autosomes. X-chromosome is subtelocentric, and Y-chromosome has minute second arm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,240,1753,1786]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open field adjacentto riparian forest (
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<collectingCountry box="[812,993,1753,1786]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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); dry evergreen and deciduous rainforests, secondary forest, and grazed and cultivated plots (
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<collectingCountry box="[1154,1317,1793,1826]" name="Montserrat" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Montserrat</collectingCountry>
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); and peri-urban area (
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<collectingCountry box="[431,581,1837,1866]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Saint Kitts</collectingCountry>
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), from sea level up to elevations of
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<quantity box="[1077,1164,1837,1866]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" unit="m" value="355.0">355 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,392,1872,1905]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but the congeneric Brazilian Big-eyed Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[629,747,1911,1944]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Chiroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="554" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="doriae">C. doriae</taxonomicName>
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) and the Hairy Big-eyed Bat (C.
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<taxonomicName box="[1215,1322,1911,1944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryocaraceae" genus="Caryocar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosum">villosum</taxonomicName>
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) are granivores, specialized on eating seeds of
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<taxonomicName box="[769,836,1951,1984]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ficus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName box="[856,1002,1951,1984]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[129,502,1991,2024]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" box="[129,502,1991,2024]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,263,1991,2024]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[127,602,2030,2063]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" box="[127,602,2030,2063]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[127,363,2030,2063]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[129,1069,2069,2102]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" box="[129,1069,2069,2102]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,830,2069,2102]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,480,2109,2142]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat is known from seven specimens,it has a restricted distribution, and its habitat is threatened by landscape conversion. It was thought to be extirpated on
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<collectingCountry box="[177,429,2231,2260]" name="Montserrat Island" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Montserrat Island</collectingCountry>
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because no records were made between 1985 and 2004, following hurricane and volcano activity. In 2005, it was again recorded on
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<collectingCountry box="[1100,1257,2267,2300]" name="Montserrat" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Montserrat</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="553" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[127,1337,1082,2380]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,283,2315,2340]" pageId="69" pageNumber="553">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Baker & Genoways (1976), Beck et al. (2016), Jones & Baker (1979, 1980), Larsen, R.J. et al. (2007), Pierson et al. (1986).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |