312 lines
27 KiB
XML
312 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.46995" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85272bf2-063c-476c-89d1-ef6af956f200" ID-PMC="PMC7052022" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-915-59" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F1D66FCA4A945965B56C4C24EA1AA1CA" ID-PubMed="32148423" ID-ZooBank="59C492D9DF3842258B059A7FF9BC5207" ModsDocID="1313-2970-915-59" checkinTime="1582662215742" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Basantes, Mateo, Tinoco, Nicolas, Velazco, Paul M., Hofmann, Melinda J., Rodriguez-Posada, Miguel E. & Camacho, M. Alejandra" docDate="2020" docId="17E14D9FCEBF5CA7A3F19CBADFDF4A8B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 915: 59-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 915" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.46995" docTitle="Tonatia saurophila Koopman & Williams 1951" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="F1D66FCA4A945965B56C4C24EA1AA1CA" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="F1D66FCA4A945965B56C4C24EA1AA1CA" masterDocTitle="Systematics and Taxonomy of Tonatia saurophila Koopman & Williams, 1951 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1668168520497" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics and Taxonomy of Tonatia saurophila Koopman & Williams, 1951 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Basantes, Mateo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tinoco, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Velazco, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hofmann, Melinda J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodriguez-Posada, Miguel E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Camacho, M. Alejandra</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>915</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>59</mods:start>
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<mods:end>86</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.46995</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.46995</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-915-59</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">59C492D9DF3842258B059A7FF9BC5207</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F1D66FCA4A945965B56C4C24EA1AA1CA</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162267193" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:17E14D9FCEBF5CA7A3F19CBADFDF4A8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/17E14D9FCEBF5CA7A3F19CBADFDF4A8B" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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†
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<taxonomicName LSID="17E14D9F-CEBF-5CA7-A3F1-9CBADFDF4A8B" authority="Koopman & Williams, 1951" authorityName="Koopman & Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">Tonatia saurophila Koopman & Williams, 1951</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman & Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">Tonatia saurophila</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams 1951</bibRefCitation>
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: 11.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia bidens subsp. saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bidens" subSpecies="saurophila">Tonatia bidens saurophila</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" editor="Baker, RJ" journalOrPublisher="Special Publications, The Museum of Texas Tech University" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="39 - 47" refId="B25" refString="Koopman, KF, 1976. Zoogeography. In: Baker, RJ, Knox Jones Jr, J, Eds., J, Carter DC (Eds) Biology of bats of the family Phyllostomatidae Part I. Special Publications, The Museum of Texas Tech University 10: 39 - 47" title="Zoogeography." volume="10" volumeTitle="J, Carter DC (Eds) Biology of bats of the family Phyllostomatidae Part I." year="1976">Koopman 1976</bibRefCitation>
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: 45.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName authority="saurophila" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila subsp. saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="saurophila" subSpecies="saurophila">Tonatia saurophila saurophila</taxonomicName>
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Williams, Willig, and Reid 1995: 625.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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Adult, sex undetermined. Deposited at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH 147206), collected in 1919-1920 by H. E. Anthony (original field number J
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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T1) in "Wallingford Roadside Cave, Balaclava, St. Elizabeth Parish, Jamaica, British West Indies." The specimen is a partial mandible from the cave deposits.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Paratype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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Adult, sex undetermined. Deposited at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH 147207), collected in 1919-1920 by H. E. Anthony (original field number J
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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T2) from the same locality as the holotype. A second partial mandible from cave deposits.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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Adults, sex undetermined. Individuals of undetermined sex, deposited at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH 147205, 147211, 147212), collected in 1919-1920 by H. E. Anthony from Dairy Cave, Dry Harbour, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Fragments of rostra only (no lower jaws). The type series and this material are the only specimens available of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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The only record of this species is based on the subfossil remains found by H. E. Anthony in the aforementioned caves in Jamaica (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams 1951</bibRefCitation>
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; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Geographic distribution of Tonatia saurophila †, T. bakeri, and T. maresi. Map of Central and South America showing the geographical distribution of T. saurophila † (subfossil records, Jamaica, type locality), T. bakeri, and T. maresi. Modified from Williams and Genoways (2008), and based on the localities of the specimens included in this study." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.915.46995.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/383144" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">7</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.915.46995.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/383144" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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Geographic distribution of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman & Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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†,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Map of Central and South America showing the geographical distribution of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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† (subfossil records, Jamaica, type locality),
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Modified from
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<bibRefCitation author="Williams, S" journalOrPublisher="The University of Chicago Press, Chicago" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" refId="B47" refString="Williams, S, Genoways, H, 2008. Subfamily Phyllostominae. In: Gardner AL (Ed.) Mammals of South America. Volume I. Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago" title="Subfamily Phyllostominae. In: Gardner AL (Ed.) Mammals of South America. Volume I. Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats." year="2008">Williams and Genoways (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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, and based on the localities of the specimens included in this study.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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Similar to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Spix" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia bidens" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bidens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia bidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but differing in having: the axis of the talonid of m3 straight in an anteroposterior sense, instead of running obliquely in a lingual-labial direction; slightly lower coronoid; more bulbous forehead; a well-developed labial posterior lobe of the last upper premolar; overall size smaller (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams 1951</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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The holotype is a partial mandible. The mandible is comprised of the entire dentary bone except for the end of the angular process. All three molars are present along with the last premolar. Complete dental formula of the mandible can be determined from alveoli. There are two small roots, a large canine root and a single small incisor root in front of the last premolar. Also, the coronoid is moderately high. The last premolar is anteriorly squared and therefore the middle premolar is relatively larger (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams 1951</bibRefCitation>
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). The subfossil fragment of the specimen AMNH 147205 (as shown in the description) includes the entire rostrum, except the extreme anterior end, almost the entire hard palate, and the roots of the teeth except the incisors. Also, the anterior border of the orbit rises obliquely to join the dorsal border. This subfossil also has a slightly bulbous forehead and the presence of an anterior lobe on the last premolar.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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Measurements of the holotype taken by
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams (1951)</bibRefCitation>
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are: mandibular toothrow length, 9.8 mm, and depth of ramus behind last molar, 3.1mm. Also, measurements of the paratype taken from
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams (1951)</bibRefCitation>
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are: mandibular toothrow length, 9.5 mm; depth of ramus behind last molar, 2.9 mm; and coronoid height, 6.3 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman & Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is smaller than any other species within the genus.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman & Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Spix" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia bidens" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bidens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia bidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having the axis of the talonid of m3 running not obliquely in a lingual-labial direction but straight anteroposteriorly, in having a somewhat more bulbous forehead, and in possessing a well-developed posterior lobe on the last premolar (
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<bibRefCitation author="Koopman, KF" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 29" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" refId="B26" refString="Koopman, KF, Williams, EE, 1951. Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919-1920. American Museum Novitates 1519: 1 - 29, http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" title="Fossil Chiroptera collected by HE Anthony in Jamaica, 1919 - 1920." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373" volume="1519" year="1951">Koopman and Williams 1951</bibRefCitation>
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). On the other hand,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having smaller craniodental measurements. Mandibular toothrow length in the holotype of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is 9.8 mm, while in specimens of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
and
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|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, analyzed in this study, the mandibular toothrow length averaged 11.37 mm and 10.51 mm, respectively. In addition, the coronoid height in the paratype of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is 6.3 mm, while in specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, analyzed in this study, the coronoid height averaged 7.61 mm and 7.07 mm, respectively. Also, the axis of the talonid of the last molar running not obliquely in a lingual-labial direction, while tends to be oblique in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
|
The etymology of the term
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is unknown (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3504111" author="Medellin, RA" journalOrPublisher="Mammalian Species" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 5" refId="B33" refString="Medellin, RA, Arita, HT, 1989. Tonatia evotis and Tonatia silvicola. Mammalian Species 334: 1 - 5, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3504111" title="Tonatia evotis and Tonatia silvicola." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3504111" volume="334" year="1989">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medellín">Medellin</normalizedToken>
|
|
and Arita 1989
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The name
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koopman & Williams" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">saurophila</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the union of the Latin terms
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">saurus</emphasis>
|
|
, lizard and
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">philus</emphasis>
|
|
, loving. This is because
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was described based on some subfossil material from the
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Lizard”">"Lizard"</normalizedToken>
|
|
stratum of the Wallingford Roadside cave (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Williams, S" journalOrPublisher="The University of Chicago Press, Chicago" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" refId="B47" refString="Williams, S, Genoways, H, 2008. Subfamily Phyllostominae. In: Gardner AL (Ed.) Mammals of South America. Volume I. Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago" title="Subfamily Phyllostominae. In: Gardner AL (Ed.) Mammals of South America. Volume I. Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews and Bats." year="2008">Williams and Genoways 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
|
|
In 1951, Koopman and Williams considered the fragmentary subfossil material found in the Jamaican caves as a new species. Then,
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1382370" author="Williams, SL" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalogy" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="612 - 626" refId="B48" refString="Williams, SL, Willig, MR, Reid, FA, 1995. Review of the Tonatia bidens complex (Mammalia: Chiroptera), with descriptions of two new subspecies. Journal of Mammalogy 76: 612 - 626, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1382370" title="Review of the Tonatia bidens complex (Mammalia: Chiroptera), with descriptions of two new subspecies." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1382370" volume="76" year="1995">Williams et al. (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
recognized the Jamaican taxon as the subspecies
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="saurophila" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonatia saurophila subsp. saurophila" order="Chiroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="saurophila" subSpecies="saurophila">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Tonatia saurophila saurophila</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, along with two other subspecies (
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila subsp. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="subSpecies" species="saurophila" subSpecies="bakeri">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila bakeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila subsp. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="subSpecies" species="saurophila" subSpecies="maresi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila maresi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Herein, we recognize
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bakeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. bakeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. maresi" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="maresi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. maresi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as full species, and support that
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. saurophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="saurophila">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">T. saurophila</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
be considered as an extinct monotypic entity, as only subfossil specimens have been recorded in 1920, and there have been no new records since then.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |