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<mods:title id="C6E68F0FED9CA774EE36C0AE39C753E3">Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="59E6EE5A4D90C382E907B9F2A22F9C81">Tauber, Maurice J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="F98DC55CFB95FE2A568BAAA10F9A7E98" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156200983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F98DC55CFB95FE2A568BAAA10F9A7E98" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F98DC55CFB95FE2A568BAAA10F9A7E98" lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<subSubSection id="A48C1EBF9F3B59BF425F3418A8AC2164" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FFB5A2FEFBEE1ACB6F1ADEB945F91152" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="60AA8AEB897D6AD0727D7CA0A89B637B" ID-CoL="7DK83" authority="Banks, 1915" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Ungla chacranella (Banks, 1915)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4222A4C84FFA0D2472FACBB54343F572" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="917CF12D41CBE685E9D01A725816D320" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="74DCB4AAF7FCD05E62673692AB88C236" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="8FA0F32954EF0B9BE58EB312FC3E31FE" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Chrysopa chacranella</taxonomicName>
Banks, 1915. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (
<normalizedToken id="07FE1A30D932E4DC952C5DC3F21D0CD1" originalValue="“1914-1915”">&quot;1914-1915&quot;</normalizedToken>
) 66: 626; &quot;Chacra di Coria, Argentine, 26 February (Jensen-Haarup)&quot;.
<bibRefCitation id="3BFF8B5A5D8958F357B7B8601E8CDF08" author="Penny, ND" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 61" title="Lista de Megaloptera, Neuroptera e Raphidioptera do Mexico, America Central, ilhas Caraibas e America do Sul" volume="7" year="1977">Penny 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 17 (list);
<bibRefCitation id="74D769359C836ECE39378B9BC61F0B33" author="Brooks, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="117 - 286" title="The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." volume="59" year="1990">Brooks and Barnard 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 279 [list, as &quot; '
<taxonomicName id="BA8C00D4AC79420CEFFFBDB9E7EBE266" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
' incertae sedis (?
<taxonomicName id="D6EB1EC2F8FFE667C642142CBF5D092D" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
&quot;)];
<bibRefCitation id="8DB345BEAE3A00D062F5687D56CD71D2" author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" title="Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 4.0" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/Species-Catalogue/" year="2015">Oswald 2015</bibRefCitation>
(catalog). Holotype (Figs 107, 108). MCZ, female (examined). Banks did not mention more than one specimen, and the single specimen in the collection is labeled as the type in
<normalizedToken id="EC44CA461A11B324D7118B88FC76C438" originalValue="Banks’">Banks'</normalizedToken>
hand. We consider it to be the holotype by original designation. The type locality, Chacras de Coria, is in the northeastern region of Argentina: Province of Mendoza,
<normalizedToken id="DAA85AA02928F92161A1458BD8AB28CF" originalValue="Luján">Lujan</normalizedToken>
de Cuyo (~900 m). Support for generic placement. The
<taxonomicName id="E0DB5304CA19351A1B2A9020668EF956" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="chacranella">C. chacranella</taxonomicName>
type specimen expresses the external and internal generic level features that characterize
<taxonomicName id="7F5D665C3AE00C9EBDE589F6CBCBEA74" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDC2290D5351766A6613A25FEB94D72F" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="04B838242A4154CD35CA06CA27FF9A0C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa mendocensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendocensis">Chrysopa mendocensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="238F0613E53CF58EC8E2B72F170D644F" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
, 1918. Physis, Rev. Soc. Argentina Cienc. nat. 4: 85-86; &quot;Mendoza, BRUCH (Mus. de La Plata)&quot;.
<bibRefCitation id="931F318A0531FEC5A73182DEF6B7DE8F" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 36 (catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="12A243F4F1E6BEB735521DA527CD8AD7" author="Penny, ND" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 61" title="Lista de Megaloptera, Neuroptera e Raphidioptera do Mexico, America Central, ilhas Caraibas e America do Sul" volume="7" year="1977">Penny 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 19 (list);
<bibRefCitation id="D451B8D2751E8A8368E27FB1D88E59FC" author="Brooks, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="117 - 286" title="The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." volume="59" year="1990">Brooks and Barnard (1990</bibRefCitation>
: 280, list, as &quot; '
<taxonomicName id="17ECA5E7DBF081BDB872F02B0B86AFD2" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
' incertae sedis&quot;);
<bibRefCitation id="F22DDEBEF9303ADA53AAE57948722064" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="5F19A2B2733C8787AB3C39909C14750B" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo 1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380 (catalog, as
<taxonomicName id="9ABC83A0A572ACAEE34D11FCF620D8C3" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
sp.);
<bibRefCitation id="8AE854B208128EF7DA1CE9D4175F8355" author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" title="Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 4.0" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/Species-Catalogue/" year="2015">Oswald (2015</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="E37A9089E3F4B7B895B1D07F48069D67" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
). syn. n. Lectotype (Fig. 109). MLPA, sex unknown (examined).
<normalizedToken id="4FAA08DBFA94B301C31366F824500431" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
did not mention how many specimens he used to make the original description. Both
<bibRefCitation id="6278CA4C8EC76A420490F6D79A9FF50F" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange (1967</bibRefCitation>
: 36) and
<bibRefCitation id="BA3FACCC1DA7C049C4EC5F698EE1E01B" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="6583F6A230F08C3506BD26288B89A74C" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo 1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380) reported that the type was in the MLPA, and
<normalizedToken id="47214DCF8C60633EFCF315A27234439A" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo noted that the abdomen was missing. Also,
<bibRefCitation id="1232A5180D92BD37C00EF6396CF14FFE" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="5458D12C625A25F6345C0DD8EF424D18" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo (1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380) identified the specimen as a species of
<taxonomicName id="351CC713CAD469BF98DB174C0A74485C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
. To help stabilize the nomenclature of the genus, this specimen, with labels as in Fig. 109 and abdomen missing, is designated as the lectotype (des. CAT). Support for synonymy. We base our synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="F7592342FA420586754A1367B9015D8F" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. mendocensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="mendocensis">C. mendocensis</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="9FF9EF5C7AC81436AA080F34B2DF9F0E" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
on the shape and venation of the wings and the overall external features of the type. First, although
<bibRefCitation id="617F5F753485F489DA3D32D9BA2AE8CD" author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="80 - 89" title="Algunos insectos Neuropteros de la Argentina. Serie 2. Physis." volume="4" year="1918">
<normalizedToken id="8FC8A7084538D424ACAD511985670D38" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
(1918)
</bibRefCitation>
in his description of
<taxonomicName id="3AC38798498206ADA3708C8327BA4E39" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. mendocensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="mendocensis">C. mendocensis</taxonomicName>
stated that three veins in the subcostal area are black, we and Adams (unpublished notes) found that all the veins, including the subcostals, are green. Totally green venation is typical of
<taxonomicName id="385AED94C0F827E9D4EA0F53031F1FCB" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
. Second, the head and facial coloration, markings, size, etc. of the
<taxonomicName id="6D6E4F6FE19A6DC170FAD4D9D72C49F1" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. mendocensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="mendocensis">C. mendocensis</taxonomicName>
type are indistinguishable from those of
<taxonomicName id="87569E16517F950C756E3F225910C292" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
. Similarly, because of the above features, we disregarded
<normalizedToken id="19DDB2D40784990DFDC4D323329F5789" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A64DD6E65DFDAB66C5CFC95AB2FDED3E" originalValue="Olazo’s">Olazo's</normalizedToken>
label of &quot;
<taxonomicName id="6323A88735BDF0BD06EBF41875FBEF3A" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla argentina" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentina">Ungla argentina</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="984597493126C10360F455E0D38B092B" originalValue="Navás)”">Navas)&quot;</normalizedToken>
on the type specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="963D622AC74FA90EABCAFE94B8A7F451" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="BB3ADDEAFCCEFED1C8F640B3EAB71933" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa plesia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plesia">Chrysopa plesia</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="0E8008A317837809C56A3E137D3A9A2E" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
, 1918. Rev. Soc. Arg. Cienc. nat., 4: 86-87; &quot;Mendoza, BRUCH (Mus. de La Plata)&quot;.
<bibRefCitation id="2282EDF2B7C0BBF74AEFA24DFD47D7C1" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 36 (catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="8019D3E210B4B7D02C34FE250BF39FF4" author="Penny, ND" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 61" title="Lista de Megaloptera, Neuroptera e Raphidioptera do Mexico, America Central, ilhas Caraibas e America do Sul" volume="7" year="1977">Penny 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 20 (list);
<bibRefCitation id="A8AE38B0B2693EDBC1DB81CA2DD3C7E9" author="Brooks, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="117 - 286" title="The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." volume="59" year="1990">Brooks and Barnard 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 280 (list, as &quot; '
<taxonomicName id="D0088AD091507197816FBC65430A6841" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
' incertae sedis&quot;);
<bibRefCitation id="6CA3EF1E1FAC4DFB63ECE4DB649C0039" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="E2C7ECF19EC550FE1D37BE81F8447B07" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo 1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380 (catalog, synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="16014DDBD7ECE76D574BD1774ACB8E5F" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. argentina" order="Neuroptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="argentina">U. argentina</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="4EA03E68CCDD79541693A4EC914CDA8A" author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" title="Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 4.0" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/Species-Catalogue/" year="2015">Oswald 2015</bibRefCitation>
(catalog). syn n. Lectotype (Fig. 110). MLPA, male (examined). Head missing, genitalia in a vial with glycerine.
<bibRefCitation id="3850F7EC22916C1B955ACA35B57F6A11" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange (1967</bibRefCitation>
: 36) reported a male, and
<bibRefCitation id="F644C10F663B8919231C2EC3C663EC36" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="17F84967AF17D105127A94E0FD81986E" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo (1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380) reported
<pageBreakToken id="017AE2EDE1EA0D2B1838FEECE796C7EF" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
single specimen (sex unspecified). We examined the external features briefly and the abdomen in detail. The locality data are as reported in the original description, and the identification label is in
<normalizedToken id="037A5F0E3B94FFB8A7B8CFF275FF90EC" originalValue="Navás’">Navas'</normalizedToken>
hand. The specimen carries an additional identification label (
<taxonomicName id="24FC62ED7293A3DF040A96510A8E6778" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla argentina" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentina">Ungla argentina</taxonomicName>
) by
<normalizedToken id="558FD69A79EA7C7A27DFB5375D838B35" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo (Fig. 110a). Here, this specimen is designated as the lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="96720062A12B7832284F97CD9E69D411" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. plesia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="plesia">C. plesia</taxonomicName>
(des. CAT). Support for synonymy.
<normalizedToken id="2F0257222CF7C08FBAC0AA12CC00F889" originalValue="Adams’">Adams'</normalizedToken>
(unpublished notes) stated that this specimen resembles &quot;
<taxonomicName id="F7E1E9260FECB622768D8CD85D24758A" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. binaria" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="binaria">C. binaria</taxonomicName>
&quot; (now a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2A854CA612CD48FFC6CC8C0D82565BFE" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. confraterna" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="confraterna">U. confraterna</taxonomicName>
). However, he noted several differences; for example, he considered the venation to be paler than that of &quot;
<taxonomicName id="B3E7BC426878523CCCB94E027184E572" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. binaria" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="binaria">C. binaria</taxonomicName>
&quot;, and he noted that the vertex of the
<taxonomicName id="7FF9072A20B2D60D3C0C13DF1D34AA87" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. plesia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="plesia">C. plesia</taxonomicName>
type has a pair of reddish marks posterolaterally, which are not present on the
<taxonomicName id="3A19E1C023E6E7D4FC51C5FA8F9F9F79" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. binaria" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="binaria">C. binaria</taxonomicName>
type. It is surprising that he made no mention of the enlarged abdominal spiracles, which are prominent on the
<taxonomicName id="7FFED380CEDD81440F18256E680AF460" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. plesia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="plesia">C. plesia</taxonomicName>
type. All of the above features [pale wing venation, reddish marks on vertex, and large abdominal spiracles (males)] are typical of
<taxonomicName id="717C266D55916F540B822BC15FC77FB1" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="603BD2FEE02AFFEE523CF38829CFBE09" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="48AFCB96991F61F7C95641ECB395DEA6" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa metanotalis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metanotalis">Chrysopa metanotalis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="FCBE2005D2AD1F30ACA87E68998BF8B8" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
, 1924. Rev. Chil. Hist. nat. 27: 114 (
<normalizedToken id="D9A12F144D3BFC411F2724828E0E349B" originalValue="“1923”">&quot;1923&quot;</normalizedToken>
);
<normalizedToken id="BD4530D80C5B5985B17393D64D06680E" originalValue="“República">&quot;Republica</normalizedToken>
Argentina:
<normalizedToken id="429F54D4B1A1EF629745C6129839C15C" originalValue="Hualfín">Hualfin</normalizedToken>
(Catamarca), 20 de Diciembre de 1921 (col. Bruch)&quot;.
<bibRefCitation id="02BBC28F38432B24900A73AE0FFF5D38" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 36 (catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="A2BC428CF748EA41C23E03A254171431" author="Penny, ND" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 61" title="Lista de Megaloptera, Neuroptera e Raphidioptera do Mexico, America Central, ilhas Caraibas e America do Sul" volume="7" year="1977">Penny 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 19 (list);
<bibRefCitation id="CA840A620367B4BDCB7E2205713E3092" author="Brooks, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="117 - 286" title="The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." volume="59" year="1990">Brooks and Barnard 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 280 (list, as &quot; '
<taxonomicName id="1A26F7F7A60209C804A7F3A31FB5C772" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
' incertae sedis&quot;);
<bibRefCitation id="CA15650BA004BB8B1428EB35428B6082" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="0444A8701BEE8D42FEE8D2AD6A0E12B2" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo 1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380 (catalog, as
<taxonomicName id="D384975585C29460D443AF7BFE5D858F" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
sp.);
<bibRefCitation id="BD90A87C4969FAD3F610FB3077AE7F62" author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" title="Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 4.0" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/Species-Catalogue/" year="2015">Oswald (2015</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="28D271ABD0F4B5AE34F2BD5F029EE64E" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
). syn n. Lectotype (Figs 111, 112). MACN, male (examined).
<bibRefCitation id="6925B084043B0F8514A3D10E54CA2F9A" author="Gonzalez Olazo, EV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="373 - 391" title="Catalogo de los tipos de Neuroptera (Insecta: Holometabola) depositados em colecciones argentinas." volume="43" year="1996">
<normalizedToken id="C18105130B96A0F6C89635B9935F162D" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Olazo (1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 380) recognized the type as a species of
<taxonomicName id="55E8F41CDCCE5127CE7AE756DE842D75" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
, and he attached an &quot;
<taxonomicName id="A6ACADD36420E1C55CCE26286CE8DEFD" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla argentina" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentina">Ungla argentina</taxonomicName>
&quot; identification label to the specimen, but he did not formalize the synonymy. To help stabilize the nomenclature of the genus, here this specimen is designated as the lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="48866D8A53B74BFA17AE89DB100B0F6F" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. metanotalis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="metanotalis">C. metanotalis</taxonomicName>
(des. CAT). The type locality,
<normalizedToken id="CE64C78E7BB1ACC40A7025FAC7EA503C" originalValue="Hualfín">Hualfin</normalizedToken>
, is in northeastern Argentina:
<normalizedToken id="B7414C9B95A6DF7B9CE0CBD1F0BE30C5" originalValue="Belén">Belen</normalizedToken>
, Catamarca (~1850 m). Support for synonymy. Unlike
<bibRefCitation id="347675482EB0DAA2CDAA5E4BABFA8CCB" author="Navas, L" journalOrPublisher="Revista Chilena de Historia Natural" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="110 - 116" title="Crisopidos (Ins. Neur.) neotropicos." volume="27" year="1923">
<normalizedToken id="AB9A104BEC7B399F8228B93C3A82EB1F" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
(1923)
</bibRefCitation>
in his original description, we did not observe dark cross veins on the wings; they were pale as in
<taxonomicName id="8C20FC92395414A35535B3DF0D317B25" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="U. chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
. We
<pageBreakToken id="3CE868AD83D72C12648BA3A95CF3E5C3" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" start="start">base</pageBreakToken>
the synonymy on the shared head and metanotal markings, similarities in the wings (size, shape, venation, and pale veins), the enlarged abdominal spiracles, and the male genitalia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08E245CE133777A96545485D900F599D" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="628F9DBFFE86D5FBE629AB98D91367DA" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa villica" order="Neuroptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villica">Chrysopa villica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="28D98293906E95D97F23AAF87EA83749" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
, 1929. Rev. Soc. Entomol. Arg. 2: 222;
<normalizedToken id="5558338B5B55ACDFF06855AEAC616B0A" originalValue="“República">&quot;Republica</normalizedToken>
Argentina; La Granja, Alta Gracia, 30 de febrero de 1924. Col. Bruch&quot;.
<bibRefCitation id="CCD95BED050A0B31731613CDC2454A01" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 38 (catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="4B8C3A6DBA0890DB7A0D8F837EE282D9" author="Penny, ND" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 61" title="Lista de Megaloptera, Neuroptera e Raphidioptera do Mexico, America Central, ilhas Caraibas e America do Sul" volume="7" year="1977">Penny 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 21 (list);
<bibRefCitation id="5C91849D585F90511F19D2657D46CBD7" author="Brooks, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="117 - 286" title="The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)." volume="59" year="1990">Brooks and Barnard 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 280 (list, as &quot; '
<taxonomicName id="3E55D4C43D6E52E778D99C1768519AA9" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
' incertae sedis&quot;);
<bibRefCitation id="33AAA8DF4D98B56803AE3C3293446521" author="Oswald, JD" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales de Madrid" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" title="Neuropterida Species of the World. Version 4.0" url="http://lacewing.tamu.edu/Species-Catalogue/" year="2015">Oswald (2015</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName id="05F2FD4BED3D96239A2A399CD773B26E" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa" order="Neuroptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysopa</taxonomicName>
). syn n. Lectotype (Figs 113, 114). MACN, male (examined).
<bibRefCitation id="2A8BD1AD092DD6AD8E3FCD266523DDAF" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">Stange (1967</bibRefCitation>
: 38) and Adams (unpublished notes) reported that a type, from the province of
<normalizedToken id="5BEFE456A26B9C0DE8A134351867BDF0" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, is in the MACN; to stabilize the nomenclature of the genus, here this specimen is designated as the lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="E4920233CCA7DF074BC1FE3F0D9FD5EC" family="Chrysopidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. villica" order="Neuroptera" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="villica">C. villica</taxonomicName>
(des. CAT). When we examined the specimen (a male), parts of the abdomen were cleared and in a vial of glycerine; unfortunately, the genitalia had been lost sometime after Adams examined the specimen. [Apparently
<bibRefCitation id="0313A786F39A79F83E25B07E11BA1C81" author="Stange, LA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="5 - 87" title="Catalogo de Neuroptera de Argentina y Uruguay." volume="22" year="1967">
<normalizedToken id="A3294C231F2A411548BDFFA3DF25581B" originalValue="Stange’s">Stange's</normalizedToken>
(1967
</bibRefCitation>
: 38) note of the type as a female is in error.] The original description mentions both La Granja and Alta Gracia as the type locality, and the type bears a label with these same two localities. Both places are in the Province of
<normalizedToken id="341419B2E49AE05C16D8C225C96FC91E" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, within ~73 km of each other: La Granja is a town in the Department of Columbus (~730 m), and Alta Gracia is a city in the Department of Santa Maria (~550 m). Support for synonymy. We based the synonymy on our examination of the external features of the type and the structures that are present on what remains of the abdomen, supplemented with
<normalizedToken id="8C86F5BA308CC38C291A25902A689A54" originalValue="Adams’">Adams'</normalizedToken>
unpublished notes on the genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EB207A75A4D8DCAFF87BD4B6B6585812" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8C9084C66A7F25F454F8D8F0D3314876" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="383C54D8B0FC8792AFDF9C5B95849C52" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
Adults of
<taxonomicName id="1CEA47326AAEBCF4BD6B5629BA07CCD1" lsidName="U. chacranella" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
are distinguished by the following external features: dark brown to black genal marks; antenna, including pedicel, pale, without dark ring; wing veins, including crossveins and gradates, light green (an occasional anal vein may appear light brown to brown); wings relatively wide, with rounded to subacute tips.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E721A2E0D7FAFAECC7280709C130AE8" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<pageBreakToken id="1E5145B8705C3E5428E7C89FEDDA647F" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" start="start">Several</pageBreakToken>
series of specimens in the CAS and FSCA allowed us to associate males and females of this species. Males have abdominal spiracles greatly enlarged; S8+9 elongate, broad (ventral view), shallow, protruding well beyond T9+ect (lateral view); tip of S8+9 with flanged terminal setae; gonarcus with narrow bridge (dorsal view), slender apodemes with long, digitiform mesal process, elongate, narrow mediuncus, gonosaccus bilobed, each lobe with field of robust, widely spaced, terminally bent, gonosetae with large chalazae. The female has spermatheca with a large velum, small invagination; spermathecal duct elongate, curved without tight coils; and subgenitale (ventral view) short, stubby, and with well rounded, separated lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D220B01E87D8BB56719778F2A6FE1F4A" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<pageBreakToken id="418E315A6EEAEE7E49B83701D26E61CB" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" start="start">This</pageBreakToken>
species resembles
<taxonomicName id="497BC108E53F83C26BAD7E7EA2251017" lsidName="U. confraterna" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="confraterna">U. confraterna</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="6CA9C5812A882A79B306197C9FB67960" lsidName="U. confraterna" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="confraterna">U. confraterna</taxonomicName>
has at least some dark crossveins and slightly acute wing tips. Males of
<taxonomicName id="2D1E9E5B65AF8203BBCF5C1921E9DB06" lsidName="U. confraterna" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="confraterna">U. confraterna</taxonomicName>
also lack the enlarged spiracles, and the dorsal (mesal) portion of the gonarcal bridge is robust and relatively straight, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="5DD49875BA1BD6138898AC2769E85F3E" lsidName="U. chacranella" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
males the spiracles are greatly enlarged and the gonarcal bridge is slender and more rounded dorsally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D15CD3F47B47ACE2CDC7E72029791642" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<paragraph id="B99EF8CA6F919CD94081552F4378989A" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
Figure 107.
<taxonomicName id="03D1588FE0F7AA868BB2E8C183D07529" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Chrysopa chacranella</taxonomicName>
Banks: Features, (a) head, dorsal (b) head, frontal (c) head, prothorax, lateral (d) labels (e) prothorax, mesothorax, dorsal (f) head, thorax, frontolateral (g) antenna (h) metathorax, dorsal (i) wings (Mendoza, Chacras de Coria, holotype, female, MCZ).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B31E2064AA7B115B7FE7799604710F04" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<paragraph id="47955561BA44EFFED3C8F71278D44B54" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
Figure 108.
<taxonomicName id="B5378BAF4416EAF79DC81CF485D5FD4C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Chrysopa chacranella</taxonomicName>
Banks: Female abdomen and genitalia, (a) segments A7-terminus, lateral (b) terminalia, lateral (c) transverse sclerite with ridged striations (internal to gonapophyses laterales) (d) spermatheca, lateral (e) genitalia, ventral (f) callus cerci (g) genitalia, dorsolateral (h) subgenitale, ventral (i) gonaphophyses laterales, posteroventral. a.sg. lateral arm of subgenitale b.c. bursa copulatrix cr crumena g.l. gonapophysis lateralis inv spermathecal invagination l.sg. lobe of subgenitale sg subgenitale sm spermatheca sm.d. spermathecal duct T8 eighth tergite T9+e ninth tergite and ectoproct vel velum (Argentina;
<normalizedToken id="C24C2914BA90CA0E16414B999E2F35C6" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="9EEA6521A4001D5C55829C26DE26CD8A" originalValue="e–i">e-i</normalizedToken>
holotype, Mendoza, Chacras de Coria, MCZ; d Salta, FSCA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E935B90517CF7FCDC594C8E6116D293C" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<paragraph id="2B5B0861DD9232D323C514701DCC8AEB" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
Figure 109.
<taxonomicName id="F86D233F5D92BEA9201AC965AFBAC1DF" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa mendocensis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendocensis">Chrysopa mendocensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="65DBA449B6C8DBB8556C0C487882220C" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
: Features, (a) labels (b) habitus, dorsal, abdomen missing (c) forewing (Argentina, Mendoza, lectotype, sex unknown, MLPA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0599A2BCD9636EA7A356CE20F4E7F70C" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<paragraph id="4D58FD03B4A1AD31C2DEB5A6283FE115" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
Figure 110.
<taxonomicName id="79255185A71DA1477E65B7A3107DA05C" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa plesia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plesia">Chrysopa plesia</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="EE5773A62BF51A4052CF4ED2C419A839" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
: Features, (a) labels (b) abdomen, dorsal, (c) gonarcus, lateral (d) gonarcus, dorsal (Argentina, Mendoza, lectotype, male, MLPA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A3D20E67AEB0AA784FBB74FAC24895" lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="33345B81EF8F2D8372F87065A831A1B8" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F57C290B04820F6F6F8F4124B3087D40" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
Head: vertex smooth, slightly depressed mesally, inverted U-shaped marking on vertex reddish brown, usually prominent, often separated mesally but with pigmented marking joining mesally, extending anteriorly toward but not reaching area between scapes; anteromesal margin of dorsal antennal fossa also with dark reddish brown mark; area between eyes and posterior half of vertex cream-colored, unmarked; frons cream-colored with elongate, narrow, linear marking from between antennae to center of frons, anterior margin of frons with or without reddish brown, transverse stripe; clypeus cream-colored to tan; gena, posterolateral margin of the clypeus with dark brown stripe; tentorial pits with brown margins. Antenna with scape cream-colored to light tan, unmarked; pedicel cream-colored to tan, with distal ring of brown; flagellum cream-colored to light tan basally, becoming darker distally;
<pageBreakToken id="6B194131BA0F29116818D83199649974" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" start="start">maxillary</pageBreakToken>
palp with basal two segments pale, distal segments brown; labial palp with basal segment pale, distal two segments brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D83A7B16259CCF9610ED3426C5E3A619" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Prothorax green mesally, with wide, brown, lateral stripes, thin, brown mesal stripe; transverse furrow in posterior region, not reaching lateral margins; short, dark setae throughout. Mesothorax, metathorax yellowish brown with light brown markings. Measurements: head width, 1.2-1.4 mm; ratio head width: eye width, 2.4-2.6: 1; prothoracic length, 0.5-0.8 mm; prothoracic width, 0.8-1.0 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C29D2E10DBBD38C64627B16C42B7953" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
Forewing, hindwing clear, hyaline, without fumose areas, with slender venation; stigma lightly opaque, with three to six light to dark brown subcostal crossveins below stigma surrounded by dark brown marks; all veins, except anal veins, cream-colored to light green, without suffusion. Forewing 9.8-13.4 mm long, 3.3-4.8 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.8-3.1: 1); height of tallest costal cell 0.6-1.0 mm (cell number 6-8); width of first intramedian cell 0.7-0.9 mm; 10-12 radial cells (closed cells between
<pageBreakToken id="944EE8494A3CA222A7759886FAC8957C" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" start="start">R</pageBreakToken>
and Rs); third gradate cell 1.07-1.48 mm long, 0.35-0.52 mm wide (ratio, L: W =2.86-3.50); fourth gradate cell 0.88-1.72 mm long, 0.32-0.48 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.55-3.27); 4-5 Banksian cells (b cells), 4-5
<normalizedToken id="9280D73215CE90306813B0C5B9D71778" originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
cells; 5-6 inner gradates, 5-6 outer gradates. Hindwing 8.9-12.0 mm long, 2.8-4.1 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.9-3.3: 1), 9-12 radial cells, 3-4 Banksian (b) cells, 4-5
<normalizedToken id="7B4D66BBBAE66F808A8FA31494D6FE31" originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
cells, 4-6 inner gradates, 5-7 outer gradates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14C278458E046FC5307B970FC33C00D5" lastPageId="91" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
Male. Abdomen with greatly enlarged spiracles having large flaps on opening (e.g., A7: maximum spiracle diameter ~0.23
<normalizedToken id="08D1354C7A75B1466EA609B405E7BB8A" originalValue="–0.30×">-0.30x</normalizedToken>
length of sternite); T9+ectoproct short, with dorsal invagination extending almost to anterior margin of T9, lateral margins of invagination straight to convex; dorsal margin rounded distally; posterior half of ventral margin lightly sclerotized - sclerotization, contiguous with and extending distally from sclerotization around circumference of callus cerci, extending posteriorly in small, rounded knob; callus cerci oblong; subanal plate small, with ~ eight setae. Sternite S8, S9 fused, with line of fusion distinct, terminating in sclerotized, elongate, plate-like extension; dorsal margin sclerotized for entire length, heavier throughout terminal ~one third; terminal setae robust, flanged. Gonarcus with bridge slender, lateral apodemes narrow (lateral view), slightly expanded, rounded distally; process on side of lateral apodeme extending dorsally (lateral view), turning inward distally (frontal view) from gonarcal arm; mediuncus long, narrow, with dorsal margin straight, terminus with small knob; bilobed gonosaccus with large patch of well-spaced gonosetae on enlarged bases - anterobasal gonosetae slightly smaller, shorter, on smaller bases than postero
<pageBreakToken id="5F5FE2E293A98D2878D3E6AAF963B018" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" start="start">distal</pageBreakToken>
gonosetae; hypandrium internum U-shaped with arms straight (frontal view), bending upward (lateral view), comes delicate.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C2540E38E5CE47AC42A000935B0D04FB" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="C7423788BC48F62DDB8119DB50E7218A" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 111.
<taxonomicName id="1BD4837BA7021333C555D599F9A3116A" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa metanotalis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metanotalis">Chrysopa metanotalis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="37E962294A0E40557C4A4192F2F5A655" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
: External features, (a) labels (b) head, frontal (c) head, prothorax, lateral (d) head, prothorax, dorsal (e) metathorax, dorsal (f) body, lateral (g) body, dorsal (h) forewing (i) hindwing (Argentina, Catamarca, lectotype, male, MACN).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="404E961C73A162C60EF060EAF00F24ED" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="43AC0C0C44CC233FBB1DFA9D08FDD8AA" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 112.
<taxonomicName id="4D7A45AB524E4A0BB6773A460BA46886" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa metanotalis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metanotalis">Chrysopa metanotalis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="1810A7BD3353215FB1D871163E5291C9" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
: Male abdomen and genitalia, (a) segments A5-terminus, lateral (b) segments A7-terminus, lateral (c) gonarcal complex, dorsal (d) gonarcal complex, left: posterolateral, right: lateral (e) callus cerci (f) spiracle, A8 (g) enlarged, flanged setae on distolateral margin of S9 (Argentina, Catamarca, lectotype, MACN).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6E2D69EFC1AAE430F9165D2E08FD6A76" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="F5D7CABB415A7D7E76BAEF68ABC9F5C4" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 113.
<taxonomicName id="C1DDF6DDF417B31DA5083A653C11E474" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa villica" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villica">Chrysopa villica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="43B2496927693E101AC9C7FA7C36E0B7" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
: External features, (a) labels (b) head, frontal (c) head, prothorax, dorsal (d) head, prothorax, frontolateral (e) thorax, dorsal (f) forewing (g) hindwing (Argentina,
<normalizedToken id="4D52096DB34AF489FE4319498C8DAB34" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, lectotype, male, MACN).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B1101338C1ED305C47D086EDEB92F59D" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="68978EFA2E74CA6B30AB956749737AF4" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 114.
<taxonomicName id="2F82DCD5F442475DF40A1CDFBD1CB21F" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysopa villica" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villica">Chrysopa villica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="82753304BFFBD4497F2420FB5FDADD15" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
: Male abdomen and genitalia, (a) segments A8-terminus, lateral, dissected and partially disarticulated (b) segments A8-terminus, ventral (c) callus cerci (d, e) enlarged, flanged setae on distal margin of S9 (f) sketch of gonarcal complex (dorsal), from unpublished notes by P. A. Adams (Argentina,
<normalizedToken id="660CC5AE23B6FBE947872A2D69AA8BBC" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, lectotype, MACN).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="4A378C7A77F6D0644B6B0B004AFFD027" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="DD6F83627BB22882D3EC9091ABC898E1" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 115.
<taxonomicName id="F57E1D9C56E48A3BCA09C6597AD76F60" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Ungla chacranella</taxonomicName>
(Banks): Variation in head markings, (a, b) head, dorsal (c, d) head, frontal (Argentina, La Rioja, male, FSCA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3E9A9F1E85DB451968F0070B670F57E0" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="variation">
<paragraph id="A291C814985FFE0084228425D377772E" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CC433515568E90CC2ECF995A38246B1" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">The species shows large variation in both size and coloration. For example, forewing length ranges from 9.8 to 13.4 mm, and the number of radial cells from 10-12 (forewing) and 9-12 (hindwing). In addition, the enlarged spiracles on the abdomen vary in size from ~0.23 to 0.30. Some of the variation in dorsal and frontal markings on the head is illustrated in Fig. 115.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="587245A50891CC3B0E45C766EC18875E" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="107323310547E0082780251713DB967E" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Known distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="483B9D9B391E36943F77FFC243B391E4" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
ARGENTINA (northwest): Provinces of Catamarca,
<normalizedToken id="CF6042971BE1973B6556F7FFD04594C3" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta,
<normalizedToken id="D67AED3068C35EC6A0D4E21832AA8695" originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="23734E5C40EA6D24F8C4E4DE6EB62EFF" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="specimens studied">
<paragraph id="050E2E3E39A1090E9DF26AA84A3EC5DA" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Specimens studied</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DEDE3AF5C5FB210594BEC737CF5750FA" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
(in addition to the types above). Argentina. La Rioja: Santa Cruz, 1600 m, 1/XII/2002, L. A. Stange (2M, FSCA). Cuesta de Miranda, &quot;25-11-939 (Sic!)&quot;, Biraben-Scott (1M, APTA). Mendoza: Rio Mendoza, 1600 m, 5-6-XII-1983, L. E. Pena (8M, 3F, CAS). Salta: Yacochuya cerca de Cafayate, 15-XII-1973, L. Stange (13M, 6F, 1?, FSCA); N. Cafayate, Yacochuya, 2-XII-1970, C. Porter-L. Stange (1F, FSCA); Cachi, 22-I-1966, L. Stange (1?, FSCA).
<normalizedToken id="3D9D8AE7B501B34DB9928AEFF9F449EC" originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
: Tafi de Valle, 7-I-1967 (1M, 1F, USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DAB5FBDF01DA33CC575587271E5F6320" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="notes">
<paragraph id="C608F6E85C754D477C9794F4DDFB53EE" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E90F66969243DAF8985E01F06E412477" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
A series of 11 unidentified female specimens (Figs 71, 72) from Bolivia that resemble both
<taxonomicName id="3275C22E3FB1D0D9FCCC41E5892EDCAB" lsidName="U. chacranella" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="chacranella">U. chacranella</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DF70602F5378419B3502D056836670AB" lsidName="U. pallescens" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="pallescens">U. pallescens</taxonomicName>
remain unidentified. See note under
<taxonomicName id="4A21E1A6C481E4CEDE67C60EB5AA4921" lsidName="U. pallescens" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="pallescens">U. pallescens</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="70E9C4BECB15E7242ADFCFAC64CD2A21" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="C0BABCAC416A3A9C13A4516B0B7A330C" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 116.
<taxonomicName id="D3B125C542243E5738AC2B2BACA050A0" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Ungla chacranella</taxonomicName>
(Banks): External features, (a) head, prothorax, mesothorax (part), dorsal (b) head, prothorax, lateral (c) body, lateral (d) antenna (all: Argentina, La Rioja, male, FSCA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D9DFC75E73AE21CC31E1B6C914AB156B" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="C6BBD61FE6E44B3C873EDACF746FA4FF" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 117.
<taxonomicName id="0B2BD2353381C7C16E1CB02B9F07FEF5" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Ungla chacranella</taxonomicName>
(Banks): Wings (Argentina, La Rioja, male, FSCA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="32F920F3A74972F3D3A0A87C695A90B1" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="ABBFE7E7C5F5648EBC16D0CF50B978EB" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 118.
<taxonomicName id="45086473D2363F96D328F83285BCF26D" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Ungla chacranella</taxonomicName>
(Banks): Male abdomen, (a) segments A6-terminus, lateral (b) segments A7-terminus, lateral (c) segments A6 and A7, lateral (d) spiracle, left: opening on integumental surface, right: internal, immediately below integumental opening [Note enlarged flap.] (e) tergite T9 + ectoproct, dorsal (f) fused sternites 8+9, ventral, with robust, flanged setae along margin of S9 (g) enlarged, flanged setae on margin of S9, left, right (h) callus cerci. c.c. callus cerci fl.s. flanged setae inv distal invagination of dorsal T9+ectoproct sp spiracle S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T6, T8 sixth and eighth tergites T9+e ninth tergite + ectoproct (Argentina; a, b, g-right Mendoza, CAS; c, d La Rioja, FSCA; e
<normalizedToken id="773D531EF1DEEFE1480732AE1376890A" originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
, USNM; f, g-left, h Salta, FSCA).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5DE1DABD73F009667E532A05214E814C" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<paragraph id="A9B717BD629D735C88B802F0659D3BFC" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
Figure 119.
<taxonomicName id="675814C6CC7AC2243CA633C4EACE12D7" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla chacranella" order="Neuroptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacranella">Ungla chacranella</taxonomicName>
(Banks): Male genitalia, (a) gonarcal complex, dorsal (b) gonarcal complex, lateral, gonosaccus not fully expanded (c) gonarcal complex, posterolateral (d) gonarcal complex, posterodorsal (e) gonarcal complex, dorsal, gonosaccus fully expanded (f) terminal abdominal segments, dorsolateral, gonosaccus expanded, everted, gonarcus not everted (g) hypandrium internum (upper: slightly teneral, lower: mature). c comes g gonarcus gsac gonosaccus g.ap. gonarcal apodeme g.br. gonarcal bridge h.i. hypandrium internum mu mediuncus pr unarticulated process on frontal margin of gonarcal apodeme (Argentina; a, c, e, f, g-upper Salta, FSCA; b, d La Rioja, FSCA; g-lower Mendoza, CAS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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