507 lines
64 KiB
XML
507 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="6F9F4DCCADB755F9EC6CB798C58D6609" ID-CLB-Dataset="25147" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4688.4.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7a2c282e-0c7d-4f0b-879e-96c35e89e419" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3517732" ID-ZooBank="F9B696CD-92C2-4D4C-8FAF-BFF2A28179BB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1571896689915" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hsu, Yu-Feng, Lu, Chen-Chih, Huang, Hang-Chi, Liang, Jia-Yuan & Huang, Chia-Lung" docDate="2019" docId="F97D7B4D5E3D3E29FF7E3A0316CE96A9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4668.4.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4688 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Neptis reducta Fruhstorfer 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="575" masterDocId="054403355E3E3E2FFFE93C7915279037" masterDocTitle="Immature stages of Neptis reducta Fruhstorfer, 1908 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae Neptini): morphology, ecology and food specialty" masterLastPageNumber="577" masterPageNumber="569" pageNumber="572" updateTime="1698760929545" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7ED43CB5F935C2B2FE038AA36A00161D">Immature stages of Neptis reducta Fruhstorfer, 1908 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae Neptini): morphology, ecology and food specialty</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="409EE61075E446AD3B4400FE523DDE09">Hsu, Yu-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CC7C90DACA58B92B7E32A6AAA01E757D">Lu, Chen-Chih</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A6019D484B79DEFCA320317602D38483">Huang, Hang-Chi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E5018CCE1D40259296122D77DCE7C4FF">Liang, Jia-Yuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DB2AE0B222E1A0DE77EFF2B8CD12BCB7">Huang, Chia-Lung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="14E03677265155C82BFA99E3984A3C81">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="898E4837BE9C6827F6EFBE22870EDF4F">2019-10-24</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="39CE99D05E3D3E2CFF7E3A0317B996A3" box="[151,670,1658,1685]" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3D3E2CFF7E3A0317B996A3" blockId="3.[151,670,1658,1685]" box="[151,670,1658,1685]" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">
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<heading id="2A237D375E3D3E2CFF7E3A0317B996A3" bold="true" box="[151,670,1658,1685]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="43A016495E3D3E2CFF7E3A0317B996A3" bold="true" box="[151,670,1658,1685]" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">
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Morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3D3E2CFEB03A03172F96A2" ID-CoL="73WRR" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[345,520,1658,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
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<emphasis id="43A016495E3D3E2CFEB03A03172F96A2" bold="true" box="[345,520,1658,1685]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">Neptis reducta</emphasis>
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immatures.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="39CE99D05E3D3E2BFF7E3ABB10699254" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="573" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" type="description">
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<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3D3E2CFF7E3ABB117A9737" blockId="3.[151,1437,1729,2044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">
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Ovum (
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3D3E2CFF073ABB141196EB" box="[238,310,1730,1756]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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): Approximately 0.10±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3D3E2CFDD43AB817BC96EB" box="[573,667,1729,1756]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05mm</quantity>
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in diameter, 0.96±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3D3E2CFC9B3ABB16E596EB" box="[882,962,1730,1756]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" unit="in" value="0.06">0.06 in</quantity>
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height (n=7). Spherical with bottom flattened, surface of chorion glossy, sculptured with hexagonal frames, possessing spines.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3D3E2BFF2E3B7310699254" blockId="3.[151,1437,1729,2044]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,611]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="573" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">
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Larva (
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3D3E2CFEF03B7314B29713" box="[281,405,1802,1828]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">Figs. 8–12</figureCitation>
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). 1
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<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3D3E2CFE5C3B7317369713" box="[437,529,1802,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="instar">st instar</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3D3E2CFDCB3B73174F9713" box="[546,616,1802,1828]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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). Body length up to 3.60±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3D3E2CFC7D3B7316D59713" box="[916,1010,1802,1828]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24mm</quantity>
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(n = 5). Head nearly rounded, brown ornamented with a few pale dots. Body cylindrical, bearing transparent setae, Legs brown. Paired fleshy tubercles present on T2, T3, A2 and A8, with thoracic ones more prominent. Body dark brown mottled with white markings. Spiracles brown. 2nd instar (
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||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3D3E2CFE093B0F170097A7" box="[480,551,1910,1936]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="572">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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). Body length up to 5.53±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3D3E2CFCBC3B0C169597A7" box="[853,946,1909,1936]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="572" unit="mm" value="0.63">0.63mm</quantity>
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(n = 5). Body covered with hair-like setae with base enlarged. Setae transparent or tinged with brown. Head shield-like, with a pair of dorsal conical bumps, sculptured with fine, dark brown concave pits, brown with lateral white lines. Tubercles on T2, T3, A2 and A8 further developed, turning conical in shape, bearing many setae. Body pale brown with dark portion laterally. Spiracles brown. 3rd instar (
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFE833CE014989084" box="[362,447,153,179]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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). Body length up to 10.49±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3A3E2BFD1E3CE016739084" box="[759,852,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" unit="mm" value="1.33">1.33mm</quantity>
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(n = 8). Paired prominent processes present on T2, T3 and A8, with length T3> T2> A8. Head similar to 2nd instar, but dorsal processes more prominent, conical. Body surface covered by short, simple setae. Body pale brown, with dark brown, lateral patches from A5 to caudal end. Three dark green or brown chevrons present dorsally from A2 to A5. Spiracles dark brown. 4th instar (
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFAAD3D7C10A89117" box="[1348,1423,261,288]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Fig.11</figureCitation>
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). Body length up to 14.39±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3A3E2BFE503D5017319174" box="[441,534,297,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" unit="mm" value="1.83">1.83mm</quantity>
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(n = 6). Morphology similar to that of 3rd instar, but T3 processes thicken with base swollen, strongly bent and pointing ahead. T2 processes reduced to small bumps. A8 processes short, rod-like. Transverse, dark stripes present on T2 and T3 dorsally. Head with dorsal processes thicken. Greenish white spots arranged into a letter “L” present laterally. 5th (final instar) (
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFCD83DEC165A9187" box="[817,893,405,432]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Fig.12</figureCitation>
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). Body length up to 19.00±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3A3E2BFB413DEC10209198" box="[1192,1287,405,431]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.90mm</quantity>
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(n = 5). Morphology similar to that of 4th instar, but T3 processes extending to head, dorsal processes shorten, bump-like. Pupa (
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<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFF763DA4140E91C0" box="[159,297,477,503]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Figs. 13–14</figureCitation>
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): Body length 15.31±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3A3E2BFDF33DA5175A91C0" box="[538,637,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" unit="mm" value="0.79">0.79mm</quantity>
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; width of A3 6.85±
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<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3A3E2BFCBA3DA5169691C0" box="[851,945,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" unit="mm" value="0.46">0.46mm</quantity>
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(n = 8). Ungirdled. Roughly cylindrical but somewhat flattened dorsoventrad, ridged dorsomesad and along termen and dorsum of wing. A pair of small horns on head. Antenna reaching posterior margin of A4. A conical spine at wing base. Paired spines at A2. Paired, dorsal, silver spots on T1, T2, T3 and A1 dorsally. Body of silver shine with brown markings. Spiracle dark brown.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="25AB9AD35E3A3E2BFF7E3B7D17F39776" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3524163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524163/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" startId="4.[151,212,1796,1821]" targetBox="[186,1401,633,1770]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3A3E2BFF7E3B7D17F39776" blockId="4.[151,1436,1796,1857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">
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<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFF7E3B7D1402972A" bold="true" box="[151,293,1796,1821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">FIGS. 19–23.</emphasis>
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Head capsules of
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<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFE093B7C1753972B" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[480,628,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
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<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFE093B7C1753972B" box="[480,628,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Neptis reducta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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larvae. 19. 1
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<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFD1C3B7C166D972A" box="[757,842,1796,1821]" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="instar">st instar</taxonomicName>
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. 20. 2nd instar. 21. 3rd instar. 22. 4th instar. 23. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 19–20, 500 μm for 11–23.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="39CE99D05E3A3E29FF2E3B1716CE96A9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3A3E2AFF2E3B1714F591C0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1902,2037]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,153,503]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFF2E3B17146597BE" bold="true" box="[199,322,1902,1929]" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Although larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFDF13B0917A997BE" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[536,654,1903,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFDF13B0917A997BE" box="[536,654,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a specialist on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFCB13B1616E397BE" box="[856,964,1903,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFCB13B1616E397BE" box="[856,964,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the plant was found utilized by larvae of two other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFEE53BED1473979A" box="[268,340,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFEE53BED1473979A" box="[268,340,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Neptis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, namely,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFDF43BED17B7979A" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[541,656,1939,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFDF43BED17B7979A" box="[541,656,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFD233BED1639979A" box="[714,798,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFD233BED1639979A" box="[714,798,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The larvae and pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFBD63BED1191979A" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[1087,1206,1939,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFBD63BED1191979A" box="[1087,1206,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFB2E3BEA1065979A" box="[1223,1346,1939,1965]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Figs. 8–12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFAA63BEA10BF979A" box="[1359,1432,1939,1965]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">13–14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFF7E3BCE15F897E6" box="[151,223,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="4.[151,212,1796,1821]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,633,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[186,1401,633,1770]" captionText="FIGS. 19–23. Head capsules of Neptis reducta larvae. 19. 1st instar. 20. 2nd instar. 21. 3rd instar. 22. 4th instar. 23. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 19–20, 500 μm for 11–23." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524163/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">19–23</figureCitation>
|
||
) may be distinguished from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFD623BC117F897E6" box="[651,735,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFD623BC117F897E6" box="[651,735,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFD063BCE165F97E6" box="[751,888,1974,2001]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Figs. 15–16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFC6F3BCE16EA97E6" box="[902,973,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="5.[151,212,1691,1716]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,525,1665]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[187,1401,525,1665]" captionText="FIGS. 24–28. Head capsules of Neptis nata larvae. 24. 1st instar. 25. 2nd instar. 26. 3rd instar. 27. 4th instar. 28. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 14–25, 500 μm for 26–28." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524167/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">24–28</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFBE73BC111A597E6" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[1038,1154,1975,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFBE73BC111A597E6" box="[1038,1154,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFB7B3BCE103B97E6" box="[1170,1308,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3A3E2BFAC13BCE104897E6" box="[1320,1391,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="6.[151,212,1344,1369]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,181,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[186,1401,181,1318]" captionText="FIGS. 29–33. Head capsules of Neptis sappho larvae. 29. 1st instar. 30. 2nd instar. 31. 3rd instar. 32. 4th instar. 33. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 29–30, 500 μm for 31–33." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524169/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">29–33</figureCitation>
|
||
) by the following characters: 1) processes on vertex of larval head are thick and short in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3A3E2BFBA13BA5119A97C2" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[1096,1213,2011,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3A3E2BFBA13BA5119A97C2" box="[1096,1213,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="573">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all instars except first instar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFEF03CE014B09084" box="[281,407,153,179]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="4.[151,212,1796,1821]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,633,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[186,1401,633,1770]" captionText="FIGS. 19–23. Head capsules of Neptis reducta larvae. 19. 1st instar. 20. 2nd instar. 21. 3rd instar. 22. 4th instar. 23. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 19–20, 500 μm for 11–23." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524163/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 19–23</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas they are slender and long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFCA43CE316879084" box="[845,928,154,179]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFCA43CE316879084" box="[845,928,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFC463CE0110C9084" box="[943,1067,153,179]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="5.[151,212,1691,1716]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,525,1665]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[187,1401,525,1665]" captionText="FIGS. 24–28. Head capsules of Neptis nata larvae. 24. 1st instar. 25. 2nd instar. 26. 3rd instar. 27. 4th instar. 28. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 14–25, 500 μm for 26–28." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524167/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 24–28</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFB833CE311FC9084" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[1130,1243,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFB833CE311FC9084" box="[1130,1243,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFB023CE010419084" box="[1259,1382,153,179]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="6.[151,212,1344,1369]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,181,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[186,1401,181,1318]" captionText="FIGS. 29–33. Head capsules of Neptis sappho larvae. 29. 1st instar. 30. 2nd instar. 31. 3rd instar. 32. 4th instar. 33. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 29–30, 500 μm for 31–33." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524169/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 29–33</figureCitation>
|
||
); 2) lateral greenish white spots present in A7 and A
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3B3E2AFD503CC417C490E0" box="[697,739,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||
final instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFC243CC7110790E0" box="[973,1056,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFC243CC7110790E0" box="[973,1056,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFBB03CC711EB90E0" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[1113,1228,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFBB03CC711EB90E0" box="[1113,1228,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see p. 443,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1545B7AA5E3B3E2AFAB63CC4143B90CC" author="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R." pageId="5" pageNumber="574" refId="ref4556" refString="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R. (2014) The Life History of Butterflies in Taiwan. Morning Star Publishing Inc., Taichung, 479 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2014">Lu & Chen, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but only in A
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3B3E2AFE2B3C9814CB90CC" box="[450,492,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
final instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFD273C9B166390CC" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[718,836,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFD273C9B166390CC" box="[718,836,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFCBB3C98169790CC" box="[850,944,225,251]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
); 4) A2 processes are prominent, as conical, spine in final instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFE313D7F176C9128" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[472,587,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFE313D7F176C9128" box="[472,587,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see p. 443,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1545B7AA5E3B3E2AFD373D7C168F9128" author="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R." box="[734,936,261,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" refId="ref4556" refString="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R. (2014) The Life History of Butterflies in Taiwan. Morning Star Publishing Inc., Taichung, 479 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2014">Lu & Chen, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas they are reduced, bump-like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFA6A3D7F15EE9174" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFA6A3D7F15EE9174" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see p. 443,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1545B7AA5E3B3E2AFEBB3D5017339174" author="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R." box="[338,532,297,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" refId="ref4556" refString="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R. (2014) The Life History of Butterflies in Taiwan. Morning Star Publishing Inc., Taichung, 479 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2014">Lu & Chen, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFDA63D5317E39174" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[591,708,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFDA63D5317E39174" box="[591,708,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFD383D5016049174" box="[721,803,297,323]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
); 3) T2 processes of final instar larva are strongly curved, pointing anteriad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFE913D3714CA9150" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[376,493,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFE913D3714CA9150" box="[376,493,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFE123D34176A9150" box="[507,589,333,359]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas they are nearly straight, pointing dorsad in
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFB4B3D3710BB9150" box="[1186,1436,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFB4B3D3711D39150" box="[1186,1268,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">N. nata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFAC23D3710BB9150" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[1323,1436,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">N. sappho</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(see p. 443,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1545B7AA5E3B3E2AFECB3D0814CD91BC" author="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R." box="[290,490,369,395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" refId="ref4556" refString="Lu, C. C. & Chen, C. R. (2014) The Life History of Butterflies in Taiwan. Morning Star Publishing Inc., Taichung, 479 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2014">Lu & Chen, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 4) the ground color of pupa is of silvery shine in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFBDC3D0B118B91BC" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[1077,1196,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFBDC3D0B118B91BC" box="[1077,1196,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFB523D08106591BC" box="[1211,1346,369,395]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Figs. 13–14</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFA6A3D0B15EE9198" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFA6A3D0B15EE9198" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFF313DEC14479198" box="[216,352,404,431]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Figs. 15–16</figureCitation>
|
||
), but it is pale brown tinged with yellow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFCAF3DEF16909198" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[838,951,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFCAF3DEF16909198" box="[838,951,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFC2F3DEC11689198" box="[966,1103,405,431]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
); 5) medial ridge on thorax of pupa is weakly produced and curved in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFDA63DC317E391E4" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[591,708,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFDA63DC317E391E4" box="[591,708,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFD3B3DC0160391E4" box="[722,804,441,467]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas it is strongly produced into an angle in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFAA23DC310BB91E4" box="[1355,1436,442,467]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFAA23DC310BB91E4" box="[1355,1436,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFF2E3DA7141F91C0" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[199,312,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFF2E3DA7141F91C0" box="[199,312,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFEA13DA414E291C0" box="[328,453,477,503]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 16, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="25AB9AD35E3B3E2AFF7E3AE217F296EF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3524167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524167/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" startId="5.[151,212,1691,1716]" targetBox="[187,1401,525,1665]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3B3E2AFF7E3AE217F296EF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1691,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFF7E3AE214009683" bold="true" box="[151,295,1691,1716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">FIGS. 24–28.</emphasis>
|
||
Head capsules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFE0E3AE5177A9684" box="[487,605,1692,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFE0E3AE5177A9684" box="[487,605,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Neptis nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae. 24. 1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFD0A3AE5161E9683" box="[739,825,1691,1716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="instar">st instar</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 25. 2nd instar. 26. 3rd instar. 27. 4th instar. 28. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 14–25, 500 μm for 26–28.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E3B3E2AFF2E3B71101097CF" blockId="5.[151,1437,1800,2040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFF2E3B71146F9717" bold="true" box="[199,328,1800,1824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
Although the hostplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFDBF3B7117E69717" box="[598,705,1800,1824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFDBF3B7117E69717" box="[598,705,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a tree that may grow up to
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3B3E2AFBFD3B7111629717" box="[1044,1093,1800,1824]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" unit="m" value="20.0">20m</quantity>
|
||
in height (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1545B7AA5E3B3E2AFB563B7110459717" author="Fu, L. & Xin, Y. & Whittmore, A." box="[1215,1378,1800,1824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref4152" refString="Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittmore, A. (2003) Ulmaceae. In: Wu, Z., Peter, H., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. (Eds.), Flora of China. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, pp. 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="2003">
|
||
Fu
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFB0F3B7010389717" box="[1254,1311,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), immatures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFEF83B5414A49773" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[273,387,1836,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFEF83B5414A49773" box="[273,387,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">N. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were only found from young trees, at position
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3B3E2AFC683B5511029774" box="[897,1061,1836,1860]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.855" metricValueMax="2.992" metricValueMin="0.718" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" unit="cm" value="185.5" valueMax="299.2" valueMin="71.8">71.8–299.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
(170.1±
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E3B3E2AFB693B5511F29773" box="[1152,1237,1836,1860]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.51" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" unit="cm" value="65.1">65.1cm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 25) above the ground. Female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E3B3E2AFE823B28172B975F" authorityName="Fruhstorfer" authorityYear="1908" box="[363,524,1872,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E3B3E2AFE823B28172B975F" box="[363,524,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Neptis reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed sitting on mature leaf of the hostplant with head in the direct of the trunk for oviposition, bending abdomen depositing an egg at the tip of the leaf. All eggs found in the wild were also at upperside of the leaf tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFE4C3BE114C09787" box="[421,487,1944,1968]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Young larva stays at the tip of a leaf, on upperside, constructing “curtain”-like feeding artifact by devouring lamina into leaflets connected by thin veins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFC873BC516FE97E3" box="[878,985,1980,2004]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Figs. 8–9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Older larva rests on distal part of a leaf, with head directing toward the trunk of the hostplant (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFD013B99161D97CF" box="[744,826,2016,2040]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[151,212,1623,1648]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,309,1598]" captionText="FIGS. 7–12. Ovum and larvae of Neptis reducta. 7. Ovum, lateral view. 8. 1st instar. 9. 2nd instar. 10. 3rd instar. 11. 4th instar. 12. 5th (final) instar." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524159/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pupa hangs under mature leaf (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9EFD6DE5E3B3E2AFB4D3B99100D97CF" box="[1188,1322,2016,2040]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,212,1515,1540]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,201,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,201,1490]" captionText="FIGS. 13–18. Pupae of Neptis species associated with Aphananthe aspera. 13–14. N. reducta; 15–16. N. nata; 17–18. N. sappho." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524161/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="574">Figs. 13–14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="25AB9AD35E383E29FF7E393917F2954A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3524169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3524169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3524169/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" startId="6.[151,212,1344,1369]" targetBox="[186,1401,181,1318]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E383E29FF7E393917F2954A" blockId="6.[151,1436,1344,1405]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FF7E39391401956E" bold="true" box="[151,294,1344,1369]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">FIGS. 29–33.</emphasis>
|
||
Head capsules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FE08393B1755956E" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" box="[481,626,1345,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sappho">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FE08393B1755956E" box="[481,626,1345,1369]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Neptis sappho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae. 29. 1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FD1D3938166E956E" box="[756,841,1344,1369]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="instar">st instar</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 30. 2nd instar. 31. 3rd instar. 32. 4th instar. 33. 5th (final) instar. Scale bar = 200 μm for 29–30, 500 μm for 31–33.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="716BCA5B5E383E29FF2E39D516CE96A9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1451,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FF2E39D5141A95F1" bold="true" box="[199,317,1452,1478]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Vouchers.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FEAE39D5165095F1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183028" box="[327,887,1452,1478]" collectionCode="CITY" country="Taiwan" location="TAIZHONG" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taichung">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="09C38ACB5E383E29FEAE39D5149F95F1" box="[327,440,1452,1478]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B31004B95E383E29FE2D39D5177595F1" box="[452,594,1452,1478]" country="Taiwan" name="Taichung" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">TAIZHONG</collectingRegion>
|
||
(= TAICHUANG)
|
||
<collectionCode id="17C5529E5E383E29FCDF39D5165095F1" box="[822,887,1452,1478]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">CITY</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FC6D39D516A995DD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183029" collectingDate="2012-12-29" collectingDateMax="2013-01-25" collectingDateMin="2012-12-29" collectionCode="HSU" country="Taiwan" elevation="600" location="Defulan Trail" municipality="Heping" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCode="HSU 12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Taichung">
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FC6D39D5168E95F1" box="[900,937,1452,1478]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="910F50215E383E29FC5139D2112A95F2" box="[952,1037,1451,1477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Heping</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="740B9C805E383E29FBF239D2119095F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F97D7B4D5E3D3E29FF7E3A0316CE96A9:740B9C805E383E29FBF239D2119095F2" box="[1051,1207,1451,1477]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Heping" name="Defulan Trail" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Taichung">Defulan Trail</location>
|
||
, ca
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E383E29FB0E39D2101495F1" box="[1255,1331,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="600.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FAF92D685E383E29FB0E39D2101495F1" box="[1255,1331,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FAAB39D515F595DD" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-12-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FAAB39D515F595DD" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-12-29">XII. 29. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FE8539B6176F95DE" box="[364,584,1487,1513]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FE8539B6176F95DE" box="[364,584,1487,1513]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Aphananthe aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emgd.
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FD4F39A9160195DD" box="[678,806,1487,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2013-01-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FD4F39A9160195DD" box="[678,806,1487,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2013-01-25">I. 25. 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="217262205E383E29FCDB39A916A995DD" box="[818,910,1488,1514]" collectionCode="HSU" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h9vj-e322" name="Humboldt State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">HSU 12</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
M21 (C. C. Lu),
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FBBB39A917C19639" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183031" collectingDate="2018-11-12" collectingDateMax="2013-01-25" collectingDateMin="2012-12-29" collectionCode="HSU" country="Taiwan" elevation="600" location="Defulan Trail" municipality="Heping" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Taichung">
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FBBB39A9115A95DD" box="[1106,1149,1488,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FB9439A911BD95DD" box="[1149,1178,1488,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same locality,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FAA539A915F59639" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2018-11-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FAA539A915F59639" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2018-11-12">XI. 12. 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FE8F398D14F7963A" box="[358,464,1524,1550]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FE8F398D14F7963A" box="[358,464,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emgd.
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FDC0398D17869639" box="[553,673,1523,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="1927-12-25">XII. 25/27</date>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FD18398D17F19605" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183032" collectingDate="2013-10-10" collectorName="Y. F. Hsu" country="Taiwan" elevation="800" location="Dongmaoshan" municipality="Heping" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Taichung">
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FD18398D163F9639" box="[753,792,1524,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FCF1398D161F9639" box="[792,824,1524,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="910F50215E383E29FCAD398A16BE963A" box="[836,921,1523,1549]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Heping</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="740B9C805E383E29FC4D398A116E963A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F97D7B4D5E3D3E29FF7E3A0316CE96A9:740B9C805E383E29FC4D398A116E963A" box="[932,1097,1523,1549]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Heping" name="Dongmaoshan" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Taichung">Dongmaoshan</location>
|
||
, ca
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E383E29FB9B398D119C9639" box="[1138,1211,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FAF92D685E383E29FB9B398D119C9639" box="[1138,1211,1524,1550]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FB2F398D106B9639" box="[1222,1356,1524,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2013-10-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FB2F398D106B9639" box="[1222,1356,1524,1550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2013-10-10">X. 10. 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FF3F3A6114659606" box="[214,322,1560,1586]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FF3F3A6114659606" box="[214,322,1560,1586]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FEBB3A61149A9605" box="[338,445,1559,1586]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2015-12-09">XII. 9/15</date>
|
||
. 2013, 13K7 (
|
||
<collectorName id="DC21AF8D5E383E29FDB63A6117E89605" box="[607,719,1560,1586]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Y. F. Hsu</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FD0A3A61171D9661" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183034" collectingDate="2017-11-24" collectingDateMax="2017-12-30" collectingDateMin="2017-11-24" collectionCode="HSU" country="Taiwan" elevation="800" location="Guguan" municipality="Heping" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCode="HSU 17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Taichung">
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FD0A3A61162F9605" box="[739,776,1560,1586]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="910F50215E383E29FCFC3A6E164D9606" box="[789,874,1559,1585]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Heping</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="740B9C805E383E29FC9E3A6116F59605" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F97D7B4D5E3D3E29FF7E3A0316CE96A9:740B9C805E383E29FC9E3A6116F59605" box="[887,978,1560,1586]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Heping" name="Guguan" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Taichung">Guguan</location>
|
||
, ca
|
||
<quantity id="B62C67BE5E383E29FBE93A61116C9605" box="[1024,1099,1560,1586]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FAF92D685E383E29FBE93A61116C9605" box="[1024,1099,1560,1586]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FBB13A6111CC9605" box="[1112,1259,1560,1586]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2017-11-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FBB13A6111CC9605" box="[1112,1259,1560,1586]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2017-11-24">XI. 24. 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FA6D3A6115C49662" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FA6D3A6115C49662" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emgd.
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FED43A4514F19661" box="[317,470,1596,1622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2017-12-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FED43A4514F19661" box="[317,470,1596,1622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2017-12-30">XII. 30. 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="217262205E383E29FE093A45171D9661" box="[480,570,1595,1622]" collectionCode="HSU" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h9vj-e322" name="Humboldt State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">HSU 17</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
L15 (Y. F. Hsu);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FD1F3A4516BF9661" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183030" box="[758,920,1596,1622]" collectorName="Co" country="Taiwan" location="NANTOU" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B31004B95E383E29FD1F3A45164B9661" box="[758,876,1596,1622]" country="Taiwan" name="Nantou" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">NANTOU</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectorName id="DC21AF8D5E383E29FC9B3A4516BF9661" box="[882,920,1596,1622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Co</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FC4E3A4517CD964D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183033" collectingDate="2012-10-15" collectingDateMax="2012-12-11" collectingDateMin="2012-10-15" collectionCode="HSU" country="Taiwan" location="Huisun Forest" municipality="Renai" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCode="HSU 12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FC4E3A4516EB9661" box="[935,972,1596,1622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="910F50215E383E29FC313A42113B9662" box="[984,1052,1595,1621]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Renai</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="740B9C805E383E29FBCE3A4211E39661" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F97D7B4D5E3D3E29FF7E3A0316CE96A9:740B9C805E383E29FBCE3A4211E39661" box="[1063,1220,1595,1622]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Renai" name="Huisun Forest" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Nantou">Huisun Forest</location>
|
||
Field,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FAFB3A4510BF9661" box="[1298,1432,1595,1622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-10-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FAFB3A4510BF9661" box="[1298,1432,1595,1622]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-10-15">X. 15. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FECA3A1914A9964E" box="[291,398,1632,1658]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FECA3A1914A9964E" box="[291,398,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emgd.
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FE033A1917A3964D" box="[490,644,1632,1658]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-12-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FE033A1917A3964D" box="[490,644,1632,1658]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-12-11">XII. 11. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="217262205E383E29FD663A1917CD964D" box="[655,746,1632,1658]" collectionCode="HSU" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h9vj-e322" name="Humboldt State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">HSU 12</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
K14 (Y. F, Hsu);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C1BCC0065E383E29FC443A1917BF96A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429183035" collectingDate="2012-12-11" collectingDateMax="2014-08-17" collectingDateMin="2012-12-11" collectionCode="HSU" country="Taiwan" location="Aowanda" municipality="Renai" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" specimenCode="HSU 14" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Nantou">
|
||
<specimenCount id="67D201D25E383E29FC443A1916F6964D" box="[941,977,1632,1658]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="910F50215E383E29FC363A261104964E" box="[991,1059,1631,1657]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">Renai</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="740B9C805E383E29FBC43A2611BC964E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F97D7B4D5E3D3E29FF7E3A0316CE96A9:740B9C805E383E29FBC43A2611BC964E" box="[1069,1179,1631,1657]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Renai" name="Aowanda" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Nantou">Aowanda</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FB4F3A19106C964D" box="[1190,1355,1632,1658]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2014-08-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FB4F3A19106C964D" box="[1190,1355,1632,1658]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2014-08-17">VIII. 17. 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6D4B1D85E383E29FF3C3AFD146796AA" box="[213,320,1668,1694]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Aphananthe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||
<emphasis id="43A016495E383E29FF3C3AFD146796AA" box="[213,320,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">A. aspera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emgd.
|
||
<date id="056AEC9B5E383E29FE733AFD171496A9" box="[410,563,1668,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-12-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="152E15735E383E29FE733AFD171496A9" box="[410,563,1668,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="575" value="2012-12-11">XII. 11. 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="217262205E383E29FDD73AFD17BF96A9" box="[574,664,1668,1694]" collectionCode="HSU" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h9vj-e322" name="Humboldt State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="575">HSU 14</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
H29 (W. J. Lin & J. R. Chen).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |