223 lines
27 KiB
XML
223 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="F46AADD707DCE8A7B42D87DCD4F88B5F" ID-CLB-Dataset="28054" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4508.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da79b654-bd50-4715-8ed3-80fa7a00d469" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2606934" ID-ZooBank="5E2BC894-1919-4F63-8EF5-BAAC91913388" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553585631772" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tang, William, Skelley, Paul & Pérez-Farrera, Miguel Angel" docDate="2018" docId="F95B87D7FFB7951CFF49F8C5D0C55AAD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4508.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4508 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ceratophila Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera 2018, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="154" masterDocId="0562FFAFFFB59518FFDEFF8BD26C5B01" masterDocTitle="Ceratophila, a new genus of erotylid beetles (Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting male cones of the cycad Ceratozamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="153" updateTime="1698712984586" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="63599A315DB6A314AD94CA3AC01B77F0">
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<mods:title id="8383325702E2558B21BD19F2B4560353">Ceratophila, a new genus of erotylid beetles (Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting male cones of the cycad Ceratozamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="23AE38C513836DE751450273D674A74F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6BCED8A60E59DAAB0AF8399243659FE0">
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<mods:roleTerm id="581C6679892FBC7B37D1B7B183124F86">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1403BB86848BABC54A5E91A72C22C669">Tang, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="473797B8DE406C0D8363338F48FC334C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7016B5588B7CE8315EE1379A3F61EA8D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0BE646067585ADDBDA58E7571BEB8EED">Skelley, Paul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="40DC2651F19FA0D3CA4149E8402190AE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D44207624A2F3AB86912A9E405A8D195">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="63CEECB36E96FC5F8AE9F94203B339CF">Pérez-Farrera, Miguel Angel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5B14D19BA758238248403E35B51B8E7C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1695F0C5EFE5723AD0000CC491DD9382">
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<mods:title id="183E4F76AD77CDB29F288BE3F69DE445">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="08E70AB104493D6156FA0DF3D76316FF">
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<mods:date id="E60E8AEF3201564FA2F6EDA7F2519F4F">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C062F86D79BDCF7B0BA16BEFF661FBA4" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="5B3874A81789333246519F74CF491219">2018-10-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E2D5B25B9871632B28C57F26B2490E52" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="776204A4A00F5DE1B32AC8894A6C63D6">4508</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5DCDB02A89D54FC9AA5018E4DC1CB8C5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="E2F303732191DF6AEB11AE6E992B64FD">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D57A57321C76ED4BEFC95509AEE764DD">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D0CE53D0C0E93E543EE19E1B3F18495B" type="CLB-Dataset">28054</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="36BEE249926D959ED25B95B84C4E4A0B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4508.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D15FEBD866F4285657E0E1C20DABD932" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F95B87D7FFB7951CFF49F8C5D0C55AAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5957997" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154495712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5957997" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F95B87D7FFB7951CFF49F8C5D0C55AAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F95B87D7FFB7951CFF49F8C5D0C55AAD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<subSubSection id="39E8654AFFB7951AFF49F8C5D1F85C69" box="[151,916,1870,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB7951AFF49F8C5D1F85C69" blockId="2.[151,916,1870,1896]" box="[151,916,1870,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<heading id="2A0581ADFFB7951AFF49F8C5D1F85C69" bold="true" box="[151,916,1870,1896]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFF49F8C5D1F85C69" bold="true" box="[151,916,1870,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB7951AFF30F8C5D16A5C69" authority="Tang, Skelley & Perez-Farrera" authorityName="Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera" authorityYear="2018" box="[238,774,1870,1896]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFF30F8C5D3115C69" bold="true" box="[238,381,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Ceratophila</emphasis>
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Tang, Skelley & Pérez-Farrera
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="58B557A8FFB7951AFCCDF8C5D1F85C69" box="[787,916,1870,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39E8654AFFB7951AFF49F81ED15E5CAA" box="[151,818,1941,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB7951AFF49F81ED15E5CAA" blockId="2.[151,818,1941,1963]" box="[151,818,1941,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFF49F81ED34E5CAA" bold="true" box="[151,290,1941,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<typeStatus id="AE498863FFB7951AFF49F81ED2A05CAA" box="[151,204,1941,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB7951AFEF7F81ED02C5CAA" authority="Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera, 2018" authorityName="Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera" authorityYear="2018" box="[297,576,1941,1963]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="2" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFEF7F81ED3C85CAA" box="[297,420,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Ceratophila</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFE6CF81DD3AF5CAA" box="[434,451,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">C</emphasis>
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.)
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFE06F81DD02C5CAA" box="[472,576,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">picipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="58B557A8FFB7951AFD99F81ED0EC5CAA" box="[583,640,1941,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFD99F81ED0EC5CAA" bold="true" box="[583,640,1941,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">n. sp.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, here designated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39E8654AFFB7951BFF49F853D72A5BF9" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB7951BFF49F853D72A5BF9" blockId="2.[151,1436,2008,2033]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFF49F853D37D5CF0" bold="true" box="[151,273,2008,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB7951AFEC7F853D3CC5CF1" box="[281,416,2008,2032]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="2" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB7951AFEC7F853D3CC5CF1" box="[281,416,2008,2032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="153">Ceratophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from other currently known cycad-associated genera of
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB7951AFB07F853D7225CF0" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1241,1358,2008,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erotylidae</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of the supraocular line, the thickened lateral pronotal carina, lack of a basal marginal bead on the elytra, the narrowly separated stridulatory files on the head, and by the male genitalia with median lobe and tegmen held upside down in body, median lobe arched in lateral view, flagellum <length of penile struts and not coiled.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39E8654AFFB6951BFF19FE8FD19A5C29" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" type="description">
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19FE8FD3F75A89" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19FE8FD3D25A1C" bold="true" box="[199,446,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Description of adult.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="B60A9B24FFB6951BFDC2FE8FD0AE5A1D" box="[540,706,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" metricValueMax="5.25" metricValueMin="3.03" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="4.14" valueMax="5.25" valueMin="3.03">3.03–5.25 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="B60A9B24FFB6951BFCC8FE8FD1D15A1D" box="[790,957,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.04" metricValueMin="1.26" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.04" valueMin="1.26">1.26–2.04 mm</quantity>
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. Body form elongate, not strongly parallel sided; dorsoventrally flattened, weakly convex; widest anterior to or at middle of elytra; color pale to dark reddishbrown with or without variously sized dark macula on elytra; dorsal punctation fine, evenly distributed; setae yellow to gold colored.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19FE1FD0155F34" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19FE1FD36B5AAC" bold="true" box="[199,263,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Head</emphasis>
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with dorsal surface flat or with a pair of shallow longitudinal furrows on the frons and/or a transverse interocular furrow; clypeus flat, apically truncate. Eye globular with large black facets, projecting laterally, bordered dorsally with long supraocular line reaching anterior angle of eye. Vertex with supraocular line basally meeting and continuous with transverse occipital ridge (vertexal line) situated where retracted head meets anterior pronotal margin; occipital surface immediately posterior to transverse occipital ridge medially smooth and without punctures; stridulatory files posterior to transverse occipital ridge on occipital surface present, one on each side of the midline, closely spaced, weakly divergent anteriorly, distance between files <½ width of scutellar shield. Frons with short, dark, subcuticular suture on each side, approximately 1/4 width of frons in length, extending obliquely to lateral margin anterior to antennal insertion. Eye ventrally encroaching upon gular area, interocular distance> width of single eye in ventral view; lacking lateral temple behind eye. Antennomeres I–VII length subequal to width, moniliform in most, slightly elongate in others; antennomere VIII transverse or similar to antennomere VII, antennal club with 3 antennomeres; with some species variation, antennomere relative lengths approximately 18:13:10:10:10:10:10:10:15:15:15. Mouthparts: maxillary palp 4-segmented, palpomere I very small; II, III and IV longer than wide; IV cylindrical, elongate oval, 2× longer than preceding palpomere, acuminate apically, apex densely papillate; relative lengths of II– IV approximately 4:3:7. Labial palp with 3 palpomeres; palpomere I small, elongate; II transverse; III large, elongate-oval; terminal labial palpomere flattened, roughly oval in shape, 2/3–3/4 length of terminal maxillary palpomere. Mentum pentagonal with large triangular base defined by carina, projecting medially; lateral pockets in front of carina not evident; juncture of submentum and gula with shallow depression weakly circular or semicircular.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19FBB4D7765D09" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19FBB4D34A5F59" bold="true" box="[199,294,1087,1112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Pronotum quadrate or transverse; anterior marginal bead distinct laterally, reduced to row of fine punctures medially (weakly present only in
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFD68FBEFD13D5F7D" authorityName="Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera" authorityYear="2018" box="[694,849,1124,1148]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chemnicki">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFD68FBEFD13D5F7D" box="[694,849,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">C. chemnicki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); anterior pronotal margin near eyes weakly to moderately emarginate, anterior angles slightly to moderately projecting, narrowly rounded; pronotal lateral carina in dorsal view arcuate, lacking modifications, medially convex, straight or slightly emarginated; lateral pronotal carinae in lateral view thickened anteriorly. Scutellar shield transverse, posterior margin clearly projected, pentagonal. Elytra finely setose, setae indistinct; base of elytra without marginal bead. Prosternum mostly flat near margins, convex and arched in center anterior to coxae, depressed posterior of coxa; prosternal process expanded apically, truncate and convex at apex; procoxal cavities externally closed or narrowly open posteriorly; hypomeron apparently impunctate laterally (except
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFDB2FAEBD1695E79" authorityName="Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera" authorityYear="2018" box="[620,773,1376,1400]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chemnicki">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFDB2FAEBD1695E79" box="[620,773,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">C. chemnicki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), with longitudinal striations medially. Protibia apically angularly truncate and moderately to strongly dilated distally, with disto-lateral tooth. Tarsi with 5 tarsomeres, tarsomeres I–III distinctly widened, length often less than width, never longer than wide; tarsomeres I–III lobed beneath, pubescent ventrally with long, fine, dense, distally directed setae; tarsomere IV narrow and inconspicuous, without dense ventral setae; tarsomere V elongate, approximately length of tarsomeres I–IV combined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19F99FD6BF5D2C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1235,1556,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19F99FD3505D2C" bold="true" box="[199,316,1556,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Abdomen</emphasis>
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with 5 visible ventrites; lacking internal calli; visible ventrite I lacking coxal line.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19F9BCD3EB5DBC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19F9BCD3145D51" bold="true" box="[199,376,1591,1616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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with median lobe and tegmen laterally compressed or not; held at rest upside down in abdomen; penile struts not fused, separate entire length, 1.15–2.41× longer than median lobe; struts not coiled; internal sac when fully retracted <length of penile struts, flagellum absent or minute and not visible; spiculum gastrale symmetrical.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19F94CD19A5C29" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19F94CD3E05DE1" bold="true" box="[199,396,1735,1760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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with gonocoxites triangular, gradually narrowing posteriorly; apices of gonocoxites laterally with concave impression and setae. Gonostylus inserted at the concave impression of the gonocoxite, with several short setae. Valvifers expanded posteriorly. Spermatheca elongate, C-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39E8654AFFB6951BFF19F8BFD6305C94" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951BFF19F8BFD6305C94" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19F8BFD3225C4C" bold="true" box="[199,334,1844,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The generic epithet reflect the genus name of the host. The name
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFBE4F8BFD6AD5C4D" box="[1082,1217,1844,1868]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
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<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFBE4F8BFD6AD5C4D" box="[1082,1217,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Ceratophila</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is formed from the words “kerato”, Greek for horn and referring to the pair of horn-shaped spines on the sporophylls of
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<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFAD5F8D3D7F05C6E" box="[1291,1436,1880,1903]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFAD5F8D3D7F05C6E" box="[1291,1436,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Ceratozamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cones in which this genus inhabits and “philia”, Greek for affection. Gender feminine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="39E8654AFFB6951CFF19F82BD0C55AAD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="714D36C1FFB6951CFF19F82BD0C55AAD" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF19F82BD3575CB8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1952,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
With the addition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFDF1F82BD0DA5CB9" box="[559,694,1952,1976]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFDF1F82BD0DA5CB9" box="[559,694,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are now seven genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFBC7F82BD6B55CB8" authorityName="Crowson" authorityYear="1952" box="[1049,1241,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pharaxonothinae">Pharaxonothinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB6951BFF63F84FD3295CDD" box="[189,325,1988,2012]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB6951BFF63F84FD3295CDD" box="[189,325,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="154">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to other pharaxonothines, particularly with the two other genera that inhabit cycad cones,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFF49FF13D34A5BB1" box="[151,294,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Cycadophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFF49FF13D34A5BB1" box="[151,294,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Cycadophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFE81FF13D3935BB1" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1875" box="[351,511,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFE81FF13D3935BB1" box="[351,511,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Pharaxonotha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has been explored with analysis of the 16S rRNA gene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15634B30FFB1951CFB4DFF1CD71C5BB1" author="Skelley, P. & Xu, G. & Tang, W. & Lindstrom, A. J. & Marler, T. & Khuraijam, J. S. & Singh, R. & Radha, P. & Rich, S." box="[1171,1392,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref19957" refString="Skelley, P., Xu, G., Tang, W., Lindstrom, A. J., Marler, T., Khuraijam, J. S., Singh, R., Radha, P. & Rich, S. (2017) Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species. Zootaxa, 4267 (1), 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4267.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Skelley
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFB2FFF12D7475BB1" box="[1265,1323,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In that study samples D0257 and D0284 correspond with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFCCBFF37D1F05BD5" box="[789,924,188,212]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFCCBFF37D1F05BD5" box="[789,924,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFBDBFF37D6E15BD5" box="[1029,1165,188,212]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFBDBFF37D6E15BD5" box="[1029,1165,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage is sister to that which includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFE94FF6BD3B55BF9" box="[330,473,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Cycadophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFE94FF6BD3B55BF9" box="[330,473,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Cycadophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFDCDFF6BD0DF5BF9" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1875" box="[531,691,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFDCDFF6BD0DF5BF9" box="[531,691,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Pharaxonotha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Morphological characters distinguishing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFB4DFF6BD7765BF9" box="[1171,1306,224,248]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFB4DFF6BD7765BF9" box="[1171,1306,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from these other genera are discussed below.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFDFEFE8FD0CB5A1D" box="[544,679,260,284]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFDFEFE8FD0CB5A1D" box="[544,679,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is divided into two subgenera, the nominal subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFACAFE8FD7F75A1D" box="[1300,1435,260,284]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFACAFE8FD7F75A1D" box="[1300,1435,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFE83FEA3D3D25A41" authorityName="Tang & Skelley & Pérez-Farrera" authorityYear="2018" box="[349,446,296,320]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Vovidesa">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFE83FEA3D3D25A41" box="[349,446,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Vovidesa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a total of seven species are recognized herein. All specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFB63FEA3D7285A41" box="[1213,1348,296,320]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceratophila">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFB63FEA3D7285A41" box="[1213,1348,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
studied herein were collected from male cones of the New World cycad,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6F24D42FFB1951CFCA9FEC7D6645A62" box="[887,1032,332,355]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="4" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4386EAD3FFB1951CFCA9FEC7D6645A62" box="[887,1032,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="155">Ceratozamia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. Adults of two species and two larval morphotypes are typically found within one cone. The two larval morphotypes have been assigned to each subgenus and will be described in a later paper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |