294 lines
36 KiB
XML
294 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="3F13CEEC5F9CCCE5C10B6C2375BDF17C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3972.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="37cf6488-091a-40ce-ae0a-2e251f6254ea" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="236731" ID-ZooBank="C1698260-269E-4D15-A562-D8FF46751F7F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461188715890" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peña Cantero, Álvaro L." docDate="2015" docId="3D10878AFF9EB44C10905EEAFAEA3DE2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03972p392.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3972 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson 1830" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="376" masterDocId="C129FFF2FF9AB44B10075D3EFFD13F0D" masterDocTitle="Review of some little-known benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Southern Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="392" masterPageNumber="369" pageNumber="373" updateTime="1698600324260" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CB05AE671C608F8CF2D185C1A7C30893">Review of some little-known benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Southern Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B3A65EB961DD3EC4A23E3803ABC83467">Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7F2FEA672C588EC0B8D33314C1B8939C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="73D2B3F38FBD1D0AA72395C0B487E33D">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="3D10878AFF9EB44C10905EEAFAEA3DE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5671790" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119629002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5671790" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D10878AFF9EB44C10905EEAFAEA3DE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D10878AFF9EB44C10905EEAFAEA3DE2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<subSubSection id="FDA36517FF9EB44F10905EEAFEDB3B02" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10905EEAFDA73CE3" blockId="4.[151,630,980,1039]" box="[151,630,980,1006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<heading id="EE4E81F0FF9EB44F10905EEAFDA73CE3" bold="true" box="[151,630,980,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F10905EEAFDA73CE3" ID-CoL="5WQML" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,630,980,1006]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
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||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F10905EEAFDA73CE3" bold="true" box="[151,630,980,1006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F10905EEAFE1E3CE3" bold="true" box="[151,463,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Bougainvillia macloviana</emphasis>
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Lesson, 1830
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10905EC8FEDB3B02" blockId="4.[151,630,980,1039]" box="[151,266,1014,1039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="2D822A19FF9EB44F10985EC8FED23B02" box="[159,259,1014,1039]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1922,1944]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1423,455,1883]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1391,218,1922]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[150,1437,445,1901]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[183,1404,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A – D, polyps (D material from Kerguelen); E, detail of pseudohydrotheca (arrow); F, gonophore (arrow). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, F), 100 µm (B), 50 µm (C – E)." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A, expanded polyp; B – D, retracted polyps showing pseudohydrotheca (arrows) (D material from Kerguelen); E – F, gonophores and cups of perisarc (arrows) (F showing medusa with radial canals); G, cup of perisarc. Scale bar: 250 µm (D – G), 125 µm (A – C)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/236735/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/236736/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FDA36517FF9EB44F1090597EFCC43BC2" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F1090597EFEB63B7E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1086,1231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="95A911B2FF9EB44F1090597EFEB63B7E" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F1090597EFE713B59" ID-CoL="775PW" box="[151,416,1086,1109]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Perigonimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maclovianus">
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F1090597EFE713B59" box="[151,416,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Perigonimus maclovianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="3418108DFF9EB44F11BE5900FD493B59" author="Vanhoffen" box="[441,664,1086,1108]" page="284" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" year="1910">
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<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9EB44F11BE5900FDB73B59" author="Vanhoffen" box="[441,614,1086,1108]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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: 284
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</treatmentCitation>
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–286, fig. 10a–d; Stepanjants, 1972: 57, fig. 2; 1979: 11, pl. 1 fig. 2;
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<treatmentCitation id="3418108DFF9EB44F15635901FEFE3B7E" author="Rees" page="341" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" year="1956">
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<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9EB44F15635901FF2C3B7E" author="Rees" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" refString="Rees, W. J. (1956) On three northern species of Hydractinia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 3, 351 - 362." type="journal article" year="1956">Rees, 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: 341
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 346.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10905942FD673B9F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1086,1231]" box="[151,694,1148,1170]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F10905942FDE13B9F" ID-CoL="84MNB" authority="Bougainvillii Lesson, 1830: 118" authorityName="Bougainvillii Lesson" authorityPageNumber="118" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,560,1148,1170]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Cyaneidae" genus="Cyanea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F10905942FEBE3B9F" box="[151,367,1148,1170]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Cyanea Bougainvillii</emphasis>
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Lesson, 1830: 118
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 14 fig. 3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F109059A5FD243BBD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1086,1231]" box="[151,757,1178,1200]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F109059A5FE5B3BBD" box="[151,394,1178,1200]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F109059A5FE5B3BBD" box="[151,394,1178,1200]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Hippocrene macloviana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—Haeckel, 1879: 90, pl. 5 figs 1–2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10905987FCC43BC2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1086,1231]" box="[151,789,1209,1231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="95A911B2FF9EB44F10905987FCC43BC2" box="[151,789,1209,1231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F10905987FE4C3BC2" ID-CoL="5WQML" box="[151,413,1209,1231]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F10905987FE4C3BC2" box="[151,413,1209,1231]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Bougainvillia macloviana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="3418108DFF9EB44F11B05987FD5E3BC2" author="Schuchert" box="[439,655,1209,1231]" page="224" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" year="2007">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9EB44F11B05987FD8F3BC2" author="Schuchert" box="[439,606,1209,1231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 224
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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–226, fig. 11.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="FDA36517FF9EB44F109059C2FCA43A8D" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F109059C2FCA43A8D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1276,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
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||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F109059C2FE563A18" bold="true" box="[151,391,1276,1301]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F119359C3FE0B3A19" box="[404,474,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Gauss</emphasis>
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Deutschen Südpolar-Expedition
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<date id="C107105CFF9EB44F136559C2FC313A19" box="[866,992,1276,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" value="1901" valueMax="1903">1901–1903</date>
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(
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<typeStatus id="6A02883EFF9EB44F13F159C2FBB23A19" box="[1014,1123,1276,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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):
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<collectionCode id="D3A8AE59FF9EB44F147A59C3FB683A19" box="[1149,1209,1277,1300]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">ZMB</collectionCode>
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Cni 14906, Gauss Station,
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<date id="C107105CFF9EB44F10FE581EFEA13A35" box="[249,368,1312,1336]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" value="1903-02-18">18.II.1903</date>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="D08D505BFF9EB44F11855821FE073A35" box="[386,470,1311,1336]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" precision="925" value="-65.35">65°21'S</geoCoordinate>
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–
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<geoCoordinate id="D08D505BFF9EB44F11E15821FD903A35" box="[486,577,1311,1336]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" precision="925" value="86.1">86°06'E</geoCoordinate>
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(Davis Sea), several stems, with gonophores, on
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<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F14915821FA4D3A35" box="[1174,1436,1311,1336]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tintinnabulum">
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<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F14915821FA4D3A35" box="[1174,1436,1311,1336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Balanus tintinnabulum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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growing on the ship hull;
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<collectionCode id="D3A8AE59FF9EB44F11BB587BFE283A51" box="[444,505,1349,1372]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">ZMB</collectionCode>
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Cni 14860,
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<date id="C107105CFF9EB44F1281587AFD2F3A51" box="[646,766,1348,1372]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" value="1903-02-18">18.II.1903</date>
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, three gonophores;
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<collectionCode id="D3A8AE59FF9EB44F13DA587BFBC83A51" box="[989,1049,1349,1372]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">ZMB</collectionCode>
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Cni 14843, Kerguelen,
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<date id="C107105CFF9EB44F152D587AFA493A50" box="[1322,1432,1348,1373]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" value="1902-01-26">26.I.1902</date>
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, three stems or fragments, without gonophores, up to
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||
<quantity id="72419B79FF9EB44F12E15856FCE43A72" box="[742,821,1384,1408]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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high.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="FDA36517FF9EB44F10C058B2FC0D3801" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10C058B2FF3B3955" blockId="4.[151,1437,1276,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F10C058B2FE883AA8" bold="true" box="[199,345,1420,1445]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Monosiphonic, branched stems, up to
|
||
<quantity id="72419B79FF9EB44F131758B2FC8E3AA9" box="[784,863,1420,1444]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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||
high, with up to eight polyps and five gonophores per stem; unbranched stems, with a single distal polyp, also present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D822A19FF9EB44F13945891FC073AC5" box="[915,982,1455,1480]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1437,445,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A – D, polyps (D material from Kerguelen); E, detail of pseudohydrotheca (arrow); F, gonophore (arrow). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, F), 100 µm (B), 50 µm (C – E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236735/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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||
A). Stems usually tortuous and relatively long until first polyp. Stems little branched; branching irregular. Polyps relatively small (c. 480 µm high and c.170 µm in maximum diameter), with conical hypostome and a distal crown of about ten filiform tentacles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D822A19FF9EB44F151F58C9FA8E391D" box="[1304,1375,1527,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1437,445,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A – D, polyps (D material from Kerguelen); E, detail of pseudohydrotheca (arrow); F, gonophore (arrow). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, F), 100 µm (B), 50 µm (C – E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236735/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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||
A–D, 5A–D). Stem perisarc extending upwards around the base of the hydranth forming a pseudohydrotheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D822A19FF9EB44F153B5B22FA543939" box="[1340,1413,1564,1589]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1437,445,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A – D, polyps (D material from Kerguelen); E, detail of pseudohydrotheca (arrow); F, gonophore (arrow). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, F), 100 µm (B), 50 µm (C – E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236735/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
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E, 5B–D).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10C05B5AFB5E39C8" blockId="4.[151,1437,1276,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
|
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Gonophores developing medusae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D822A19FF9EB44F125D5B5AFD773971" box="[602,678,1636,1661]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,455,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[150,1437,445,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A – D, polyps (D material from Kerguelen); E, detail of pseudohydrotheca (arrow); F, gonophore (arrow). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, F), 100 µm (B), 50 µm (C – E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236735/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F, 5E, F), up to 1000 µm high and up to 820 µm in maximum diameter (medusa c. 600 µm high and 670 µm in maximum diameter). Gonophores arising from small, cup-shaped pedicels of perisarc (50–230 µm high and 80–120 µm in maximum diameter) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D822A19FF9EB44F140E5B92FB9B39C8" box="[1033,1098,1708,1733]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[193,1391,218,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[183,1404,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Bougainvillia macloviana Lesson, 1830: A, expanded polyp; B – D, retracted polyps showing pseudohydrotheca (arrows) (D material from Kerguelen); E – F, gonophores and cups of perisarc (arrows) (F showing medusa with radial canals); G, cup of perisarc. Scale bar: 250 µm (D – G), 125 µm (A – C)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236736/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
E–G).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10C05BEEFC0D3801" blockId="4.[151,1437,1276,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
|
||
Measurements (in µm).
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F11E75BF1FD9439E5" box="[480,581,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Cnidome</emphasis>
|
||
: Heteronemes [range 6.0–6.5 x 3.5–4.0, mean 6.2±0.2 x 3.9±0.2 (n=10); ratio, range 1.5–1.9, mean 1.6±0.1 (n=10)], desmonemes [range 3.5 x 2.0].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FDA36517FF9EB44C10C05A29FAEA3DE2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44F10C05A29FD643858" blockId="4.[151,1437,1276,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F10C05A29FEEA383D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1815,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9EB44F11455A29FDD9383D" author="Vanhoffen" box="[322,520,1815,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that polyps are provided with up to 16 tentacles, although usually less, and Stepanjants (1972, 1979) gives from eight to 16.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9EB44E10C05A61FEE73E11" blockId="4.[151,1437,1276,2021]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="374" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9EB44F11735A61FD943875" author="Vanhoffen" box="[372,581,1887,1912]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, large numbers of mature medusae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F14335A5FFA9B3875" box="[1076,1354,1887,1912]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F14335A5FFA9B3875" box="[1076,1354,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Hippocrene macloviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F15835A5FFECB3890" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F15835A5FFECB3890" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">B. macloviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were present when the ship
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F12625ABBFD7A3891" box="[613,683,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Gauss</emphasis>
|
||
was in the Observatory Bay of Kerguelen and larvae likely settled on the ship's hull. Later, polyps developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F12BF5A96FCE138CC" box="[696,816,1960,1985]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Gravelya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="377" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CDAE760CFF9EB44F12BF5A96FCE138CC" box="[696,816,1960,1985]" name="Antarctica" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while wintering at Gauss station, until recognizable medusa buds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9EB44F11665AF3FDDB38E8" box="[353,522,1996,2021]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9EB44F11665AF3FDDB38E8" box="[353,522,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="373">B. macloviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were observed, thus completing the cycle of the species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9EB44F14D75AF2FA4D38E9" author="Vanhoffen" box="[1232,1436,1996,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="373" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered that the young medusa, agreeing in the tentacles and the shape of the stomach, belonged to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9FB44E15835DA7FECB3FD8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9FB44E15835DA7FECB3FD8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">B. macloviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9FB44E112D5D82FDFB3FD8" author="Schuchert" box="[298,554,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert (2007: 226)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out that, “although there remains some uncertainty because a direct link of the adult medusa and the observed was not established, it is very probable that Vanhöffen’s conclusions were correct”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9FB44E10C05C19FD893E85" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">
|
||
Although I was not able to determine the heteronemes,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9FB44E13305C19FC283E4D" author="Schuchert" box="[823,1017,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusa (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 106, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1996">Schuchert (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported microbasic euryteles (7–
|
||
<date id="C107105CFF9FB44E157D5C16FA563E4D" box="[1402,1415,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">8</date>
|
||
x 3–4 Μm) for adult medusae. He also reported desmonemes (6–
|
||
<date id="C107105CFF9FB44E13845C72FC403E68" box="[899,913,332,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">7</date>
|
||
x 4–4.5 Μm) significantly larger than those observed in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6A02883EFF9FB44E114E5C4EFEA83E85" box="[329,377,368,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E1C66614FF9FB44E10905ABCFC3F38BA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236735/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="374" targetBox="[162,1423,455,1883]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9FB44E10905ABCFC3F38BA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1922,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9FB44E10905ABCFEC3389A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1922,1944]" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9FB44E111F5ABCFD7F3895" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[280,686,1922,1944]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9FB44E111F5ABCFDCF3895" box="[280,542,1922,1944]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="374">Bougainvillia macloviana</emphasis>
|
||
Lesson, 1830
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A–D, polyps (D material from Kerguelen); E, detail of pseudohydrotheca (arrow); F, gonophore (arrow). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, F), 100 µm (B), 50 µm (C–E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E1C66614FF9CB44D10905A9FFCD138F9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/236736/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="375" targetBox="[193,1391,218,1922]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9CB44D10905A9FFCD138F9" blockId="6.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="375">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9CB44D10905A9FFEC438BB" bold="true" box="[151,277,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="375">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9CB44D111A5A9FFD6B38BA" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[285,698,1953,1975]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="375" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macloviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9CB44D111A5A9FFDF438BA" box="[285,549,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="375">Bougainvillia macloviana</emphasis>
|
||
Lesson, 1830
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A, expanded polyp; B–D, retracted polyps showing pseudohydrotheca (arrows) (D material from Kerguelen); E–F, gonophores and cups of perisarc (arrows) (F showing medusa with radial canals); G, cup of perisarc. Scale bar: 250 µm (D–G), 125 µm (A–C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9DB44C10C05DA9FDA63E10" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
|
||
The material examined from Kerguelen consists of three monosiphonic, branched stems or fragments, up to
|
||
<quantity id="72419B79FF9DB44C15875DA6FF123FD9" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, with up to 16 polyps. Branching is irregular. The perisarc apparently reaches the base of tentacles. Perisarc and polyps are covered with tiny detritus and sand.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C13315DE1FC2A3FF5" author="Vanhoffen" box="[822,1019,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already stated that the perisarc of the Kerguelen material was studded with mud.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9DB44C10C05C19FE0C3EDD" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9DB44C10C05C19FE283E4D" bold="true" box="[199,505,295,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Vanhöffen’s material from Kerguelen was found epibiotic on algae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9DB44C150C5C17FA423E4D" box="[1291,1427,297,320]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Marasmiaceae" genus="Macrocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9DB44C150C5C17FA423E4D" box="[1291,1427,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Macrocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and invertebrates (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9DB44C11685C72FDD13E68" box="[367,512,332,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Halicarcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9DB44C11685C72FDD13E68" box="[367,512,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Halicarcinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9DB44C12155C72FDB73E68" box="[530,614,332,357]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9DB44C12155C72FDB73E68" box="[530,614,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Mytilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9DB44C12A25C72FD273E68" box="[677,758,332,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Patellidae" genus="Patella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pezizales" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9DB44C12A25C72FD273E68" box="[677,758,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Patella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the colonies from the Davis Sea were growing on dead barnacles attached to the ship hull. Stepanjants’ (1972) material was found on stones and hydroids (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9DB44C15065C51FABE3E85" box="[1281,1391,367,392]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="87CDEA8EFF9DB44C15065C51FABE3E85" box="[1281,1391,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Tubularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), at depths from the tidal level to
|
||
<specimenCount id="A3BFFD15FF9DB44C11E65CAAFDF03EA1" box="[481,545,404,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="72419B79FF9DB44C11E65CAAFDCC3EA1" box="[481,541,404,429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Medusa buds were found in February (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C13DD5CAAFB413EA1" author="Vanhoffen" box="[986,1168,404,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and from December to February (Stepanjants 1972).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B506369CFF9DB44C10C05CE2FAEA3DE2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C116B5CE2FDE43EF9" author="Schuchert" box="[364,565,476,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it is a species originally from the Southern Ocean that has extended its geographical distribution through the hydroid stage attaching to ships.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C13BA5F3EFB033D15" author="Brown" box="[957,1234,512,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Browne, E. T. & Kramp, P. L. (1939) Hydromedusae from the Falkland Islands. Discovery Reports, 18, 265 - 322, pls. 14 - 19." type="journal article" year="1939">Brown & Kramp (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already indicated that its presence in the North Sea was “undoubtedly due to casual transportation of the hydroid by ships” and according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C112A5F79FDA43D6D" author="Vannucci" box="[301,629,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Vannucci, M. & Rees, W. J. (1961) A revision of the genus Bougainvillia (Anthomedusae). Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 11, 57 - 100." type="journal article" year="1961">Vannucci & Rees (1961: 71)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
“this would imply that the hydroid is eurythermic and euryhaline and thus able to withstand a long journey through the temperate and tropical Atlantic”. The medusa is widely reported from the Southern Hemisphere (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C123F5FB1FD1E3DA5" author="Millard" box="[568,719,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C12DA5FB1FC5F3DA5" author="Schuchert" box="[733,910,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: athecate hydroids and their medusa (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 106, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1996">Schuchert 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and it is also known from Europe.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C152B5FB1FF303DC1" author="Schuchert" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera part 2. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 114, 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that the polyp is only known from Kerguelen and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CDAE760CFF9DB44C13A35F8AFBE93DC0" box="[932,1080,692,717]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C144F5F8AFB323DC0" author="Millard" box="[1096,1251,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D1284B6DFF9DB44C152F5F8AFF303DFD" author="Vanhoffen" pageId="7" pageNumber="376" refString="Vanhoffen, E. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, 11 (Zoology 3), 269 - 340." type="journal article" year="1910">Vanhöffen (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described it from the Davis Sea, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72B94D1FFF9DB44C12735FE9FD3D3DFD" box="[628,748,727,752]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Gravelya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="377" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CDAE760CFF9DB44C12735FE9FD3D3DFD" box="[628,748,727,752]" name="Antarctica" pageId="7" pageNumber="376">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and Stepanjants (1972) found it from the same area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |