618 lines
78 KiB
XML
618 lines
78 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C5D48CFE4F01C4FAD46FF94E84EE55DE">A taxonomic revision of Proctoporus bolivianus Werner (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) with the description of three new species and resurrection of Proctoporus lacertus Stejneger</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FE14086C9DBEFBC3" box="[458,694,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Proctoporus lacertus</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB115345312FD1B086D9C7DFBC3" author="Stejneger, L." box="[709,885,1086,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="541 - 547" refId="ref17337" refString="Stejneger, L. 1913. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. Batrachians and reptiles. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 45: 541 - 547." type="journal article" year="1913">Stejneger, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="E0A3AFC515345312FDB108309DD9FBE6" box="[623,721,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="25.[122,161,1097,1118]" captionTargetBox="[120,1224,221,1075]" captionTargetId="figure-258@25.[117,1216,221,1073]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIG. 8. Holotype of Proctoporus lacertus (USNM 495551 snout-vent length, 48.78 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565900" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565900/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figure 8</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FF7608DA9E86FB38" box="[168,398,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oreosaurus lacertus</emphasis>
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.
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<paragraph id="7827B34015345312FF7608FC9DFFFB53" blockId="23.[168,1221,1123,1374]" box="[168,759,1198,1224]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C315345312FF7608FC9DFAFB53" authority="Barbour and Noble, 1920: 616" authorityName="Barbour and Noble" authorityPageNumber="616" authorityYear="1920" box="[168,754,1198,1224]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FF7608FC9E8CFB53" box="[168,388,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Proctoporus obesus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB115345312FE5208FD9DFAFB53" author="Barbour, T. & G. K. Noble" box="[396,754,1198,1224]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="609 - 620" refId="ref16639" refString="Barbour, T., and G. K. Noble. 1920. Amphibians and reptiles from southern Peru collected by the Peruvian expedition of 1914 - 1915 under the auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic Society. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 58: 609 - 620." type="journal article" year="1920">Barbour and Noble, 1920: 616</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<paragraph id="7827B34015345312FF7608879D79FB76" blockId="23.[168,1221,1123,1374]" box="[168,625,1235,1262]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<treatmentCitation id="F939955115345312FF7608879D62FB76" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[168,618,1235,1262]" page="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1970">
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<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C315345312FF7608879D62FB76" authority=": Uzzell, 1970: 1" authorityName="Uzzell" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1970" box="[168,618,1235,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FF7608879EB8FB76" box="[168,432,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Proctoporus bolivianus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB115345312FE6108809D62FB76" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[447,618,1235,1261]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell, 1970: 1</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<paragraph id="7827B34015345312FF7608AA9C03FA88" blockId="23.[168,1221,1123,1374]" box="[168,779,1273,1299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C315345312FF7608AA9C0FFA88" authority=": Doan and Castoe, 2003: 433" authorityName="Doan and Castoe" authorityPageNumber="433" authorityYear="2003" box="[168,775,1273,1299]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FF7608AA9EB8FA88" box="[168,432,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Proctoporus bolivianus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB115345312FE6108AA9C0FFA88" author="Doan, T. M. & T. A. Castoe" box="[447,775,1273,1299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="433 - 450" refId="ref16903" refString="Doan, T. M., and T. A. Castoe. 2003. Using morphological and molecular evidence to infer species boundaries within Proctoporus bolivianus Werner (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Herpetologica 59: 433 - 450." type="journal article" year="2003">Doan and Castoe, 2003:433</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7827B34015345312FF76094C9DDDFAA2" blockId="23.[168,1221,1123,1374]" box="[168,725,1310,1337]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C315345312FF76094C9D90FAA2" authority=": Doan et al. (2005)" authorityName="Doan" authorityYear="2005" box="[168,664,1310,1337]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FF76094C9EB8FAA3" box="[168,432,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Proctoporus bolivianus</emphasis>
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: Doan et al. (2005)
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</taxonomicName>
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: 325.
|
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<paragraph id="7827B34015345312FF7609179BCDFAC5" blockId="23.[168,1221,1123,1374]" box="[168,1221,1347,1374]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C315345312FF7609179EB8FAC6" authority="Goicoechea et al., 2012" box="[168,432,1347,1373]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
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<emphasis id="4AEC6F5215345312FF7609179EB8FAC6" box="[168,432,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Proctoporus bolivianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Ca6 UTAR51484 Doan et al., 2005]:
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<treatmentCitation id="F939955115345312FCAB09109BC9FAC5" author="Goicoechea, N. & J. M. Padial & J. C. Chaparro & S. Castroviejo-Fisher & I. De la Riva" box="[885,1217,1347,1374]" page="953" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB115345312FCAB09109BC9FAC5" author="Goicoechea, N. & J. M. Padial & J. C. Chaparro & S. Castroviejo-Fisher & I. De la Riva" box="[885,1217,1347,1374]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="953 - 964" refId="ref17160" refString="Goicoechea, N., J. M. Padial, J. C. Chaparro, S. Castroviejo-Fisher, and I. De la Riva. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics, species delimitation and biogeography of the Andean lizards of the genus Proctoporus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65: 953 - 964." type="journal article" year="2012">Goicoechea et al., 2012: 953</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="C8F0B91D15345312FF7609DD9D22FA55" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044232328" collectionCode="USNM" country="Peru" county="Department" elevation="2800" location="Tincochaca" municipality="Province La Convencion" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="USNM 49551" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Department of Cusco" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="A7230DE215345312FF7609DD9E20FA33" box="[168,296,1422,1448]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="283E1B3B15345312FEE809DD9EDFFA32" box="[310,471,1422,1449]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">USNM 49551</specimenCode>
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(fig. 8),
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<specimenCount id="6E9E78C915345312FDE209DD9DB3FA33" box="[572,699,1422,1448]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
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, from
|
||
<location id="7D47E59B15345312FCD709DD9C9BFA33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F031025615345319FE14086C9CA7FE0A:7D47E59B15345312FCD709DD9C9BFA33" box="[777,915,1422,1448]" country="Peru" county="Department" municipality="Province La Convencion" name="Tincochaca" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Department of Cusco">Tincochaca</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="9843293A15345312FC4009DD9BCCFA33" box="[926,1220,1422,1449]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Province La Convención</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA215345312FFA609E79E71FA56" box="[120,377,1459,1486]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Department of Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="008FF3D015345312FE5B09E79EB6FA55" box="[389,446,1460,1486]" name="Peru" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA515345312FE1509E09D2EFA55" box="[459,550,1459,1486]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="F3B5547315345312FE1509E09D2EFA55" box="[459,550,1459,1486]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B34015345312FF76098A9CF9F9A5" blockId="23.[120,1224,1422,1747]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C8F0B91D15345312FF76098A9C01FA68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044232307" box="[168,777,1496,1523]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Peru" county="Department" elevation="2800" location="Tincochaca" municipality="Province La Convencion" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="USNM 49551" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7230DE215345312FF76098A9E24FA68" box="[168,300,1497,1523]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="283E1B3B15345312FEE0098A9EEFFA68" box="[318,487,1496,1523]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">USNM 49551</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingPermit id="BEE71E9D15345312FE28098A9C01FA68" box="[502,777,1497,1523]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">same data as holotype</collectingPermit>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C8F0B91D15345312FCC7098A9C2AF982" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044232313" collectionCode="USNM" country="Peru" county="Department of Cusco" elevation="2792" location="Ollantaytambo" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="USNM 49549" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Province Urubamba" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="283E1B3B15345312FCC7098A9CB6FA68" box="[793,958,1496,1523]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">USNM 49549</specimenCode>
|
||
from
|
||
<location id="7D47E59B15345312FBD1098A9BCBFA68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F031025615345319FE14086C9CA7FE0A:7D47E59B15345312FBD1098A9BCBFA68" box="[1039,1219,1497,1523]" country="Peru" county="Department of Cusco" name="Ollantaytambo" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Province Urubamba">Ollantaytambo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA215345312FFA609AD9E61F983" box="[120,361,1534,1560]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Province Urubamba</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="9146CBCC15345312FEAB09AC9D7DF983" box="[373,629,1534,1561]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Department of Cusco</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="008FF3D015345312FD5C09AC9DB3F982" box="[642,699,1535,1561]" name="Peru" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA515345312FD1609AD9C2AF982" box="[712,802,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.792" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2792.0">
|
||
<elevation id="F3B5547315345312FD1609AD9C2AF982" box="[712,802,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.792" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2792.0">2792 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C8F0B91D15345312FCF109AD9CE6F9A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3446987325" accessionNumber="MCZ 12085" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="Tincochaca" country="Peru" elevation="2800" location="Tincochaca" municipality="Department" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="MCZ 12085, MCZ 12087" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Department of Cusco" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="283E1B3B15345312FCF109AD9CB4F982" box="[815,956,1534,1561]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MCZ 12085</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCode id="283E1B3B15345312FC2609AD9B8DF983" box="[1016,1157,1534,1560]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MCZ 12087</specimenCode>
|
||
from
|
||
<location id="7D47E59B15345312FFA60A709E0AF9A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F031025615345319FE14086C9CA7FE0A:7D47E59B15345312FFA60A709E0AF9A6" box="[120,258,1571,1597]" country="Peru" municipality="Department" name="Tincochaca" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Department of Cusco">Tincochaca</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="7D47E59B15345312FED00A709D3BF9A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F031025615345319FE14086C9CA7FE0A:7D47E59B15345312FED00A709D3BF9A6" box="[270,563,1571,1598]" country="Peru" municipality="Department" name="Province La Convencion" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Department of Cusco">Province La Convención</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA215345312FD9E0A779C48F9A6" box="[576,832,1571,1598]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Department of Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="008FF3D015345312FC930A779C8EF9A5" box="[845,902,1572,1598]" name="Peru" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA515345312FC4C0A709CE6F9A5" box="[914,1006,1571,1598]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="F3B5547315345312FC4C0A709CE6F9A5" box="[914,1006,1571,1598]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3082E0CB1534531DFF760A1A9B0CFBAA" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401534531DFF760A1A9D64FDBD" blockId="23.[120,1224,1422,1747]" lastBlockId="24.[120,1225,225,1745]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">DIAGNOSIS: (1) Frontonasal length usually equal to frontal length; (2) nasoloreal suture absent; (3) three supraoculars; (4) 3–4 superciliaries, first expanded onto dorsal surface of head; (5) postoculars two; (6) palpebral disc made up of a single, undivided scale; (7) four supralabials anterior to the posteroventral angle of the subocular; (8) two pair of genials in contact; (9) dorsal body scales quadrangular, slightly keeled; (10) transverse rows of dorsals 36–40; (11) transverse ventral rows 22–24; (12) a continuous series of small lateral scales separating dorsals from ventrals; (13) posterior cloacal plate made up of six scales in both sexes; (14) anterior preanal plate scales paired; (15) femoral pores per hind limb in males six; (16) preanal pores absent; (17) subdigital lamellae on toe IV 16–22; subdigital lamellae on toe V 5–13; (18) limbs not overlapping when adpressed against body in adults; (19) pentadactyl; digits clawed; (20) dorsum dark gray; lateral surface of head like dorsal surface, lip irregularly barred with cream coloring; ventral surface of head cream with clumps of black stippling on each scale; pregular region like head but with fainter stippling.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B340153B531DFF760E629B0CFBAA" blockId="24.[120,1225,225,1745]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFE970E619D26FDD0" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[329,558,561,587]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFE970E619D26FDD0" box="[329,558,561,587]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Proctoporus lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show the presence of an undivided palpebral disc, which identifies them as members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFD8F0E0B9DDEFDEA" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1845" box="[593,726,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFD8F0E0B9DDEFDEA" box="[593,726,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Proctoporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as opposed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFC550E0B9CDDFDEA" box="[907,981,600,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Riama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFC550E0B9CDDFDEA" box="[907,981,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Riama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFBCE0E049B7FFDEA" authorityName="Doan & Castoe" authorityYear="2005" box="[1040,1143,599,625]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Petracola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFBCE0E049B7FFDEA" box="[1040,1143,599,625]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Petracola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Doan and Castoe, 2005;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB1153B531DFE930E2F9ED5FD0D" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[333,477,636,662]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFE2F0E2E9DDEFD0D" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[497,726,636,662]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFE2F0E2E9DDEFD0D" box="[497,726,636,662]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Proctoporus lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFBC80E2E9BACFD0D" box="[1046,1188,636,662]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachyurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFBC80E2E9BACFD0D" box="[1046,1188,636,662]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. pachyurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having three supraoculars (four in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFDDF0EF19D85FD20" box="[513,653,673,699]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachyurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFDDF0EF19D85FD20" box="[513,653,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P.pachyurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and 36–40 transverse dorsal scale rows (
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153B531DFBBC0EF29BC1FD20" box="[1122,1225,673,699]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3589" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.1938" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="53.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="47.0">47–60 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFFA60E9B9E0BFD7A" box="[120,259,711,737]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachyurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFFA60E9B9E0BFD7A" box="[120,259,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P.pachyurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFE890E9B9ED0FD7A" authorityName="Doan & Castoe" authorityYear="2003" box="[343,472,711,737]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sucullucu">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFE890E9B9ED0FD7A" box="[343,472,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. sucullucu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having limbs not overlapping when adpressed against body and the lack of loreal scale (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFDD60EBE9D84FC9D" authorityName="Doan & Castoe" authorityYear="2003" box="[520,652,748,774]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sucullucu">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFDD60EBE9D84FC9D" box="[520,652,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. sucullucu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFD390EBE9C7CFC9D" box="[743,884,748,774]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFD390EBE9C7CFC9D" box="[743,884,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having frontonasal length subequal to frontal length (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFE750F419D3DFCB0" box="[427,565,785,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFE750F419D3DFCB0" box="[427,565,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has frontonasal longer than frontal); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFBC90F419B9FFCB0" authorityName="Doan & Castoe" authorityYear="2003" box="[1047,1175,786,811]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unsaacae">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFBC90F419B9FFCB0" box="[1047,1175,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. unsaacae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFFA60F6B9FF1FCCA" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[120,249,823,849]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFFA60F6B9FF1FCCA" box="[120,249,823,849]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of both loreal scale and a continuous series of lateral ocelli; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFB8D0F6B9BC0FCCA" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[1107,1224,823,849]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kiziriani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFB8D0F6B9BC0FCCA" box="[1107,1224,823,849]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. kiziriani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of loreal scale (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFDFD0F0E9D93FCED" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[547,667,860,886]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kiziriani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFDFD0F0E9D93FCED" box="[547,667,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. kiziriani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and by having darker dorsal background color; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFF660FD19E3FFC00" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[184,311,897,923]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carabaya">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFF660FD19E3FFC00" box="[184,311,897,923]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. carabaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of loreal scale and first supraocular not fused with first superciliary; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFF690FFB9E32FC5A" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[183,314,935,961]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFF690FFB9E32FC5A" box="[183,314,935,961]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. iridescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having three supralabials anterior to the posteroventral angle of the subocular and two pairs of genials in contact (three supralabials and three pairs of genials in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFBEC0F9E9BB0FC7D" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[1074,1208,972,998]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFBEC0F9E9BB0FC7D" box="[1074,1208,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. iridescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFF640FA19E10FB90" baseAuthorityName="Uzzell" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[186,280,1010,1035]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFF640FA19E10FB90" box="[186,280,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. xestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of prefrontal scales (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFCCC0FA19C78FB90" baseAuthorityName="Uzzell" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[786,880,1010,1035]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFCCC0FA19C78FB90" box="[786,880,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. xestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and by having keeled dorsal scales (smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFE99084B9EACFBAA" baseAuthorityName="Uzzell" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[327,420,1048,1073]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFE99084B9EACFBAA" box="[327,420,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P.xestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153B531DFDF3084B9D93FBAA" baseAuthorityName="Chavez, Siu-ting, Duran & Venegas" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[557,667,1047,1073]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chasqui">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153B531DFDF3084B9D93FBAA" box="[557,667,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. chasqui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of prefrontal scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3082E0CB153B531EFF76086F9D06FD99" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B340153B531DFF76086F9D94F94A" blockId="24.[120,1225,225,1745]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
REDESCRIPTION OF
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7230DE2153B531DFE4E086F9D18FBCD" box="[400,528,1084,1110]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
: Adult male, snout-vent length (SVL)
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153B531DFC11086F9B4FFBCC" box="[975,1095,1084,1111]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.878" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="48.78">48.78 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail length
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153B531DFFA608329FF9FBE7" box="[120,241,1121,1148]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.465999999999999" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="54.66">54.66 mm</quantity>
|
||
; head scales smooth, without striations or rugosities; rostral scale wider (
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153B531DFB8D08319BC8FBE7" box="[1107,1216,1122,1148]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.44">1.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than tall (
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153B531DFF3308D49E54FB3A" box="[237,348,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.91">0.91 mm</quantity>
|
||
), meeting supralabials on either side above the height of supralabials and becoming higher medially, in contact with frontonasal, nasals, and first supralabials; frontonasal longer than wide, subequal in length to frontal, in contact with rostral, nasals, anteriormost supraocular, and frontal; prefrontals absent; frontal longer than wide, roughly polygonal, not in contact with anteriormost superciliary, in contact with frontonasal, first two supraoculars, and frontoparietals; frontoparietals polygonal, in contact with frontal, second and third supraoculars, parietals, and interparietal; supraoculars three, all in contact with superciliaries, third in contact with frontoparietal, parietal, and postocular; interparietal longer than wide, heptagonal, in contact with frontoparietals anteriorly, parietals laterally, and occipitals posteriorly; parietals polygonal, with anterior sutures in contact with frontoparietals and third supraoculars, posterior sutures in contact with occipital, lateral sutures diagonally in contact with temporal; occipitals three, smaller than parietals, medial pentagonal smaller than laterals. Nasal entire with no separate loreal scale, longer than high; four superciliaries, first fused with first supraocular; palpebral disc made up of a single transparent scale; suboculars two; postoculars two; temporals smooth, glossy, polygonal; supratympanic temporals two; supralabials toward the posteroventral angle of the subocular four.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2CE7E3C8153A531CFFA4081A9CFFFBC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565900" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565900" box="[122,1015,1095,1119]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565900/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[122,161,1097,1118]" targetBox="[120,1224,221,1075]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B340153A531CFFA4081A9CFFFBC4" blockId="25.[122,1015,1095,1119]" box="[122,1015,1095,1119]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
FIG. 8. Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153A531CFE99081B9D1BFBC4" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[327,531,1095,1119]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153A531CFE99081B9D1BFBC4" box="[327,531,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Proctoporus lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 495551 snout-vent length, 48.78 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B340153A531FFF76082F9BCCF990" blockId="25.[120,1225,1148,1772]" lastBlockId="26.[120,1225,1148,1772]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Mental wider (
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153A531CFE86082F9ECEFB0C" box="[344,454,1148,1175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="1.55">1.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than long (
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA5153A531CFD84082F9DC3FB0C" box="[602,715,1148,1175]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.95">0.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
), in contact with first infralabial and postmental posteriorly; postmental single, pentagonal, in contact with first and second infralabials and first pair of genials; two pairs of genials in contact, anterior pair in contact with second and third infralabials; second pair of genials in contact with third and fourth infralabials laterally; one pair of chin shields, separated by two smaller median pregulars; gular scale rows four; collar fold slightly distinct, concealing one row of small scales; lateral neck scales round, smooth. Dorsals rectangular, longer than wide, juxtaposed, with single high, rounded keel, in 33 transverse rows; longitudinal dorsal scale rows 21 at midbody; continuous lateral scale series, smaller than dorsals, partially hidden in lateral fold; reduced scales at limb-insertion regions present; transverse ventral scale rows 21; longitudinal ventral scale rows at midbody 11; anterior preanal plate scales paired; posterior preanal plate scales six, lateralmost scales small; scales on tail rectangular, juxtaposed; dorsal, dorsolateral, and ventrolateral caudal scales smooth; midventral subcaudal scales wider than adjacent scales, almost square, anteriormost midventral subcaudal scales subimbricate. Limbs pentadactyl; digits clawed; dorsal brachial scales polygonal, subequal in size, subimbricate, smooth; ventral brachial scales roundish, subimbricate, smooth; antebrachial scales polygonal, subequal in size, smooth, ventral antebrachial scales smallest; dorsal manus scales polygonal, smooth, subimbricate; palmar scales small, rounded, subimbricate, domelike; dorsal scales on fingers smooth, quadrangular, covering dorsal half of digit, overhanging subdigital scales, five on finger I, eight on II, 11 on III, 11 on IV, seven on V; scales on anterodorsal surface of thigh large, polygonal, smooth, subimbricate; scales on posterior surface of thigh small, rounded, juxtaposed; scales on ventral surface of thigh large, rounded, flat, smooth; femoral pores six; preanal pores absent; scales on anterior surface of crus polygonal, smooth, juxtaposed, decreasing in size distally; scales on anterodorsal surface of crus rounded, juxtaposed; scales on ventral surface of crus large, smooth, flat, subimbricate; scales on dorsal surface of digits quadrangular, smooth, overhanging supradigital lamellae, two on toe I, five on II, eight on III, 12 on IV, six on V; subdigital lamellae single distally, double proximally, five on toe I, eight on II, 14 on III, 16 on IV, 11 on V; limbs not overlapping when adpressed against the body, separated by eight to nine dorsal scale lengths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2CE7E3C81539531FFFA60FCF9B06FBF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565902" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565902" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565902/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[120,159,924,945]" targetBox="[144,1203,225,894]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401539531FFFA60FCF9B06FBF9" blockId="26.[120,1228,922,1122]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
FIG 9. Map showing the geographic distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFD560FC89C5AFC29" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[648,850,922,946]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFD560FC89C5AFC29" box="[648,850,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Proctoporus lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFC800FC89B4FFC29" box="[862,1095,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFC800FC89B4AFC29" box="[862,1090,922,946]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">Proctoporus bolivianus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and the new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFF3F0FEB9E50FC54" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1845" box="[225,344,952,975]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFF3F0FEB9E50FC54" box="[225,344,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Proctoporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described herein based on specimens listed in appendix 1 and in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11539531FFC250FEB9B8CFC4B" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[1019,1156,952,976]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11539531FFB510FEB9E3EFC76" author="Doan, T. M. & T. A. Castoe" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="433 - 450" refId="ref16903" refString="Doan, T. M., and T. A. Castoe. 2003. Using morphological and molecular evidence to infer species boundaries within Proctoporus bolivianus Werner (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Herpetologica 59: 433 - 450." type="journal article" year="2003">Doan and Castoe (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and Doan et al. (2005). Circles represent populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFC570F859B0FFC76" box="[905,1031,981,1005]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFC570F859B0FFC76" box="[905,1031,981,1005]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(white circles correspond to populations previously assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFDBE0FA09DEDFB91" box="[608,741,1010,1034]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subsolanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFDBE0FA09DEDFB91" box="[608,741,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. subsolanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Squares represent populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFB860FA09BCCFB91" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[1112,1220,1010,1034]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">P. lacertus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, triangles represent populations of
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFE0C08439DA7FBB3" box="[466,687,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFE0C08439DA3FBB3" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[466,683,1040,1064]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carabaya">Proctoporus carabaya</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
stars represent populations of
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFC3B08439BC0FBB3" box="[997,1224,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFC3B08439BCCFBB3" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[997,1220,1040,1064]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">Proctoporus iridescens</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and diamonds represent populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFDC6087D9DE4FBDE" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[536,748,1069,1093]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kiziriani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFDC6087D9DE4FBDE" box="[536,748,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Proctoporus kiziriani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Numbers indicate the type localities of:
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFB42087E9BA7FBDE" bold="true" box="[1180,1199,1069,1093]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">1,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFB69087D9FD6FBF9" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFB69087D9FD6FBF9" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFF3508199FF5FBF9" bold="true" box="[235,253,1098,1122]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">2,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFEDB08189E8FFBF9" box="[261,391,1098,1122]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subsolanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFEDB08189E8FFBF9" box="[261,391,1098,1122]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. subsolanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFE4A08199EA0FBF9" bold="true" box="[404,424,1098,1122]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">3,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFE7008189D17FBF9" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[430,543,1098,1122]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carabaya">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFE7008189D17FBF9" box="[430,543,1098,1122]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. carabaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFDF208199D36FBF9" bold="true" box="[556,574,1098,1122]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">4,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFD9808189DB5FBF9" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[582,701,1098,1122]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iridescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFD9808189DB5FBF9" box="[582,701,1098,1122]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. iridescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFD1408199DD5FBF9" bold="true" box="[714,733,1098,1122]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">5,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFD3A08189C47FBF9" authorityName="Goicoechea & Padial & Chaparro & Castroviejo-Fisher & Riva" authorityYear="2013" box="[740,847,1098,1122]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kiziriani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFD3A08189C47FBF9" box="[740,847,1098,1122]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. kiziriani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFC5708199C94FBF9" bold="true" box="[905,924,1098,1122]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">6,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31539531FFC7D08189B00FBF9" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[931,1032,1098,1122]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521539531FFC7D08189B00FBF9" box="[931,1032,1098,1122]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401539531FFF760A449EC6F977" blockId="26.[120,1225,1148,1772]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">COLORATION IN PRESERVATIVE: Dorsal and lateral surface of head dark brown; ventral surface of head cream with dark brown splitting on pregular and gular region. Dorsal surface of body same color as head, but with dark brown spots that form one median stripe. Lateral surface of body same color as head. Ventral surface of body darker than dorsal coloration. Limbs with similar coloration as body. Coloration of dorsal and ventral surfaces of tail paler than body coloration (fig. 8).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401538531EFF760CB19C6EFEB9" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">COLORATION IN LIFE: Data of coloration of living specimens is not available, as none of the specimens examined in this study had been collected by us.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401538531EFF760D7E9D06FD99" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">VARIATION: Only two specimens examined (USNM 49551 [fig. 8] and MCZ 12085) have the first superciliary expanded onto the dorsal surface of the head. The coloration is similar among all the specimens, but some have a darker ground color and can show a dorsal dark stripe on middorsum. Stippling on the venter is more distinct or grayer in some specimens and nearly absent in others. The coloration of some of the specimens is pale, as opposed to the dark brown and black of several others.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3082E0CB1538531EFF760E5E9C1DFD27" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401538531EFF760E5E9EB5FDE9" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION: This species is known from several localities in central department of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA21538531EFFA60E619FCAFDD7" box="[120,194,562,588]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
, all of them at an elevation above
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA51538531EFD840E619DBDFDD6" box="[602,693,562,589]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
|
||
, reaching an altitude of
|
||
<quantity id="BF601EA51538531EFC0B0E619B26FDD6" box="[981,1070,562,589]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.019" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="4019.0">4019 m</quantity>
|
||
(T.M. Doan, personal commun.) (fig. 9).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401538531EFF760E2E9C1DFD27" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
HABITAT AND ECOLOGY: This species is rarely found exposed on the ground surface and is nearly exclusively observed under rocks (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFDA50EF09C00FD27" author="Doan, T. M." box="[635,776,674,701]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="16 - 21" refId="ref16872" refString="Doan, T. M. 2008. Dietary variation within the Andean lizard clade Proctoporus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Journal of Herpetology 42: 16 - 21." type="journal article" year="2008">Doan, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3082E0CB1538531EFF760E9B9EE7FAC6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401538531EFF760E9B9C1FFC06" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
COMMENTS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFEE00E9B9D21FD79" authorityName=", Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[318,553,712,738]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFEE00E9B9D21FD79" box="[318,553,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Proctoporus lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFD200E9B9CB5FD79" author="Stejneger, L." box="[766,957,712,738]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="541 - 547" refId="ref17337" refString="Stejneger, L. 1913. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. Batrachians and reptiles. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 45: 541 - 547." type="journal article" year="1913">Stejneger (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFC3D0E9B9BC0FD79" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[995,1224,712,738]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFC3D0E9B9BC0FD79" box="[995,1224,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oreosaurus lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a specimen collected at Tinccochaca,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA21538531EFDA50EBE9DCDFC9C" box="[635,709,749,775]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="008FF3D01538531EFD0C0EBD9C04FC93" box="[722,780,750,776]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Subsequently, according to morphological comparisons,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFEAD0F419D18FCB7" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[371,528,786,812]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFD600F409CAFFCB7" authority="Stejneger" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1913" box="[702,935,786,812]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFD600F409C3CFCB7" box="[702,820,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
Stejneger
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFBE00F409EA3FCC9" authority="Barbour and Noble" authorityName="Barbour and Noble" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFBE00F409FCAFCC9" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Proctoporus obesus</emphasis>
|
||
Barbour and Noble
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFE380F6A9C97FCC9" authority="Andersson" authorityName="Andersson" box="[486,927,824,850]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFE380F6A9C1FFCC9" box="[486,791,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Proctoporus longicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
Andersson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFC390F6A9B7FFCC9" box="[999,1143,824,850]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFC390F6A9B7FFCC9" box="[999,1143,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, he did state that the names of the junior synonyms remained available should further data support the distinctiveness of these forms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFDA90FD19C02FC06" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[631,778,898,925]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B3401538531EFF760FFB9EE7FAC6" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
All morphological characters mentioned in the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFC5C0FFA9BCBFC59" authority="(Stejneger, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[898,1219,936,962]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFC5C0FFA9CFEFC59" box="[898,1014,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFBDB0FFB9BB3FC59" author="Stejneger, L." box="[1029,1211,936,962]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="541 - 547" refId="ref17337" refString="Stejneger, L. 1913. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. Batrachians and reptiles. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 45: 541 - 547." type="journal article" year="1913">Stejneger, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and those observed in specimens from Torontoy, Ñusta Hispana (previously assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFB6B0F9D9FDBFB97" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFB6B0F9D9FDBFB97" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFF3B0FA19E95FB96" author="Stejneger, L." box="[229,413,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="541 - 547" refId="ref17337" refString="Stejneger, L. 1913. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. Batrachians and reptiles. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 45: 541 - 547." type="journal article" year="1913">Stejneger, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFE720FA19DEDFB96" author="Barbour, T. & G. K. Noble" box="[428,741,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="609 - 620" refId="ref16639" refString="Barbour, T., and G. K. Noble. 1920. Amphibians and reptiles from southern Peru collected by the Peruvian expedition of 1914 - 1915 under the auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic Society. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 58: 609 - 620." type="journal article" year="1920">Barbour and Noble, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFD2B0FA09CF9FB96" author="Burt, C. E. & M. D. Burt" box="[757,1009,1010,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="227 - 395" refId="ref16693" refString="Burt, C. E., and M. D. Burt. 1931. South American lizards in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 61: 227 - 395." type="journal article" year="1931">Burt and Burt, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and from Calca examined by us, have morphological character states that overlap with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFBD2084A9B77FBA9" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1036,1151,1048,1074]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFBD2084A9B77FBA9" box="[1036,1151,1048,1074]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(table 2). Given the paraphyletic position of populations from central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA21538531EFCBD086E9CA4FBCC" box="[867,940,1085,1111]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Cochayoc, Canchayoc, and Carrizales) with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFE2708309C0DFBE7" box="[505,773,1122,1148]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFE2708309C0DFBE7" box="[505,773,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Proctoporus bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the identical or broadly overlapping ranges of character states between Calca populations and those previously assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFBB308DA9F93FB5C" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFBB308DA9F93FB5C" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as the geographic proximity of all these populations and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7230DE21538531EFC2A08FD9B2FFB53" box="[1012,1063,1198,1224]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFB6B08FD9FDAFB77" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFB6B08FD9FDAFB77" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we consider it appropriate to resurrect the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFCF808809C93FB77" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[806,923,1234,1260]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFCF808809C93FB77" box="[806,923,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for populations from the central region of the Departamento de
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA21538531EFD9E08AB9D83FA89" box="[576,651,1272,1298]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
. We have provided a redescription of this species above on the basis of an extended set of specimens, thus improving the original, but incomplete description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFEF609119EE4FAC6" author="Stejneger, L." box="[296,492,1346,1373]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="541 - 547" refId="ref17337" refString="Stejneger, L. 1913. Results of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911. Batrachians and reptiles. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 45: 541 - 547." type="journal article" year="1913">Stejneger (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3082E0CB15385319FF76093A9CA7FE0A" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="7827B34015385319FF76093A9CA7FE0A" blockId="27.[120,1228,226,1746]" lastBlockId="28.[120,1225,225,401]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFF76093A9E74FA19" box="[168,380,1384,1410]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFF76093A9E74FA19" box="[168,380,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Proctoporus obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from a single specimen from Ñusta Hispana,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BA5C7DA21538531EFBE0093B9B8EFA19" box="[1086,1158,1384,1410]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="008FF3D01538531EFB4D093B9BC1FA19" box="[1171,1225,1384,1410]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFF5E09DE9EA0FA3C" author="Barbour, T. & G. K. Noble" box="[128,424,1421,1447]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="609 - 620" refId="ref16639" refString="Barbour, T., and G. K. Noble. 1920. Amphibians and reptiles from southern Peru collected by the Peruvian expedition of 1914 - 1915 under the auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic Society. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 58: 609 - 620." type="journal article" year="1920">Barbour and Noble, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7230DE21538531EFE3009DE9D59FA3C" box="[494,593,1421,1447]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of this species is damaged, and many of the characters presented in the original description as well as in subsequent revisions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFC6409E19B4FFA56" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[954,1095,1458,1485]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFB8A09E09E02FA69" author="Doan, T. M. & T. A. Castoe" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="433 - 450" refId="ref16903" refString="Doan, T. M., and T. A. Castoe. 2003. Using morphological and molecular evidence to infer species boundaries within Proctoporus bolivianus Werner (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Herpetologica 59: 433 - 450." type="journal article" year="2003">Doan and Castoe, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) had to be guessed. We were not able to examine the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7230DE21538531EFCBB098B9CC0FA69" box="[869,968,1496,1522]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of this species, but the USMN collection kindly provided us photographs of this specimen (fig. 2). It seems to differ greatly from specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFE870A709EEFF9A7" box="[345,487,1570,1596]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFE870A709EEFF9A7" box="[345,487,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The frontonasal length is subequal to the frontal length in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7230DE21538531EFFA60A1B9FD3F9F9" box="[120,219,1608,1634]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFF210A1A9E57F9F9" box="[255,351,1608,1634]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFF210A1A9E57F9F9" box="[255,351,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P.obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(frontonasal is longer than frontal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFCD80A1A9C87F9F9" box="[774,911,1608,1634]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFCD80A1A9C87F9F9" box="[774,911,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the dorsal body scales are quite smooth (slightly keeled in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFDC80A3D9DA9F91C" box="[534,673,1645,1671]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFDC80A3D9DA9F91C" box="[534,673,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Also, data from the original description along with additional data provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFE330AC19D8BF936" author="Uzzell, T. M." box="[493,643,1682,1709]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB11538531EFD650AC09CC7F936" author="Doan, T. M. & T. A. Castoe" box="[699,975,1682,1709]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="433 - 450" refId="ref16903" refString="Doan, T. M., and T. A. Castoe. 2003. Using morphological and molecular evidence to infer species boundaries within Proctoporus bolivianus Werner (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Herpetologica 59: 433 - 450." type="journal article" year="2003">Doan and Castoe (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFBB60AC09BC0F937" box="[1128,1224,1682,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFBB60AC09BC0F937" box="[1128,1224,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P.obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
greatly differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFE8A0AEA9ED5F949" box="[340,477,1720,1746]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFE8A0AEA9ED5F949" box="[340,477,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C31538531EFC820AEA9CB3F949" box="[860,955,1720,1746]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F521538531EFC820AEA9CB3F949" box="[860,955,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P.obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is far from the distribu- tional range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153F5319FEC00CB19EAEFF60" box="[286,422,225,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153F5319FEC00CB19EAEFF60" box="[286,422,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153F5319FE6C0CB19D8AFF60" box="[434,642,225,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153F5319FE6C0CB19D8AFF60" box="[434,642,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Proctoporus obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nonetheless overlaps in range with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153F5319FBD40CB19B7FFF60" ID-CoL="6T5ZB" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1034,1143,225,251]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153F5319FBD40CB19B7FFF60" box="[1034,1143,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C09CEB1153F5319FB5D0CB29FCAFEBA" author="Uzzell, T. M." pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref17410" refString="Uzzell, T. M. 1970. Teiid lizards of the genus Proctoporus from Bolivia and Peru. Postilla 142: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1970">Uzzell (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Doan and Castoe (2005) already noticed its large head and large size and robustness; thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153F5319FF690D7E9E11FEDD" box="[183,281,300,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153F5319FF690D7E9E11FEDD" box="[183,281,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. obesus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could indeed represent a distinct species. However, until specimens from the type locality are obtained and compared to all other currently accepted species we prefer to consider it as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153F5319FE5C0D2B9EFAFE0A" ID-CoL="6T5ZB" baseAuthorityName="Stejneger" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[386,498,375,401]" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Oreosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="lacertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153F5319FE5C0D2B9EFAFE0A" box="[386,498,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. lacertus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF98C8C3153F5319FCC00D2B9CAFFE0A" box="[798,935,375,401]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Proctoporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bolivianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AEC6F52153F5319FCC00D2B9CAFFE0A" box="[798,935,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |