306 lines
37 KiB
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306 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8fe0041e-40a6-4fd0-a674-948f3f919703" ID-PMC="PMC8159918" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1039-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" ID-PubMed="34084064" ID-ZooBank="3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1039-1" checkinTime="1621541808324" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lee, Chi-Feng & Bezdek, Jan" docDate="2021" docId="D788D1B795B85112B429F76DE59C6532" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1039: 1-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1039" docPubDate="2021-05-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740" docTitle="Xanthogaleruca yuae Lee & Bezděk 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="791BC545-8352-4100-8818-9BDFD162AB08" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668152740594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Chi-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-0557</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chifeng@tari.gov.tw</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bezdek, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-7211</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Mendel University in Brno, Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Zemĕdĕlska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-05-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1039</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>108</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1039-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248273" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:791BC545-8352-4100-8818-9BDFD162AB08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D788D1B795B85112B429F76DE59C6532" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/791BC545-8352-4100-8818-9BDFD162AB08" authority="Lee & Bezděk, 2021" authorityName="Lee & Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xanthogaleruca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogaleruca yuae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuae" status="sp. nov.">Xanthogaleruca yuae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Xanthogaleruca aenescens (Fairmaire) and X. yuae sp. nov. A X. aenescens, female, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D X. yuae sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545531" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1D-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Field photographs of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. on host plant A egg masses B early instar larva C mature larvae D single mature larva E pupa and prepupa F adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lee & Bezděk, 2021" authorityName="Lee & Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pyrrhalta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrrhalta aenescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenescens" status="sp. nov.">Pyrrhalta aenescens</taxonomicName>
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: Kimoto, 1969: 28 (Taiwan);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Kurume University Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 62" refId="B31" refString="Kimoto, S, 1986. The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientific Expedition to Taiwan in 1984. Kurume University Journal 35: 53 - 62" title="The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientific Expedition to Taiwan in 1984." volume="35" year="1986">Kimoto 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 56 (additional records in Taiwan);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 152" refId="B39" refString="Kimoto, S, Chu, Y-I, 1996. Systematic catalog of Chrysomelidae of Taiwan (Insecta: Coleoptera). Bulletin of the Institute of Comparative Studies of International Cultures and Societies 16: 1 - 152" title="Systematic catalog of Chrysomelidae of Taiwan (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="16" year="1996">Kimoto and Chu 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 55 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B42" refString="Kimoto, S, Takizawa, H, 1997. Leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) of Taiwan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo" title="Leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) of Taiwan." year="1997">Kimoto and Takizawa 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 300 (key), 373;
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<bibRefCitation author="Beenen, R" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="6). Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 491" publicationUrl="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123189777" refId="B3" refString="Beenen, R, 2010. Galerucinae. In: Loebl, I, Smetana, A, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 6). Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup: 443 - 491, https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123189777" title="Galerucinae." url="https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123189777" volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2010">Beenen 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 455 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Yang, X" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B98" refString="Yang, X, Ge, S, Nie, R, Ruan, Y, Li, W, 2015. Chinese leaf beetles. Science Press, Beijing" title="Chinese leaf beetles." year="2015">Yang et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: 115 (catalogue).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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♂ (TARI), Taiwan. Taoyuan: Paling (巴陵), 27.V.2009 (reared from eggs), leg. M.-H. Tsou.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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. 3♂, 6♀ (TARI), same data as holotype; 1♀ (TARI), same but with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“25.V.2009”">"25.V.2009"</normalizedToken>
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; 3♀ (TARI), same but with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“26.V.2009”">"26.V.2009"</normalizedToken>
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; 7♂, 8♀ (TARI), same but with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“28.V.2009”">"28.V.2009"</normalizedToken>
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; 37♂, 29♀ (TARI), same but with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“29.V.2009”">"29.V.2009"</normalizedToken>
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; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 19.IV.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 19.VI.2010, leg. H.-J. Chen; Chiayi: 3♀ (TARI), Shounouryo (= Channaoliao,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="樟腦寮">樟腦寮</normalizedToken>
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), near Mt. Ari (阿里山), 14.XII.1937, leg. Y. Yano; 1♂ (TARI), Dokuritsuzan (= Tulishan,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="獨立山">獨立山</normalizedToken>
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), near Mt. Ari (阿里山), 14.XII.1937, leg. Y. Yano; Nantou: 2♂ (TARI), Lienhuachi (蓮華池), 23-26.V.1980, leg. K. S. Lin & B. H. Chen; 1♂ (KMNH), Meiyuan (眉原), 21.V.198?, leg. C.-K. Yu (S.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Osawa’s">Osawa's</normalizedToken>
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Coll.), determined as
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. aenescens" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. aenescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Kimoto, 1986; Taitung: 1♂ (TARI), Hsinwu (新武), 25.III.2013, leg. C.-L. Lee; 2♀ (TARI), Wulu (霧鹿), 29.III.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee; Taoyuan: 1♀ (TARI), Suleng (四稜), 9.IV.2016, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 1♀ (TARI), Tungyanshan (東眼山), 12.IV.2007, leg. S.-F. Yu.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Body flattened. Pronotum with three large black spots, one in middle, two laterally. Elytra metallic green</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Length 7.9-8.8 mm, width 3.3-3.8 mm. Body color (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Xanthogaleruca aenescens (Fairmaire) and X. yuae sp. nov. A X. aenescens, female, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D X. yuae sp. nov., female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545531" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1D-F</figureCitation>
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) yellowish brown; vertex with one rounded black spot at middle, antennae blackish brown but ventral discs of antennomeres IV-VI brown; pronotum with three large black spots, one spot at center, from apical 1/4 to basal 1/4, apically broadened, two spots laterally; scutellum black; elytra metallic green. Eyes relatively large, interocular space 2.33-2.45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of eye. Antennae filiform in males (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
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), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.5: 0.6: 0.8: 0.8: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.7, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.1: 2.1: 2.5: 2.9: 3.1: 2.9: 3.0: 2.6: 2.8: 2.7: 3.4; similar in females (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B</figureCitation>
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), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.6: 0.7: 0.7: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.8, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.4: 1.9: 2.5: 3.0: 2.8: 2.8: 2.8: 2.6: 2.6: 2.5: 3.4. Pronotum and elytra dorso-ventrally depressed. Pronotum 1.9-2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than long, disc smooth, with dense coarse punctures and short pubescence, with lateral depressions; lateral margins moderately rounded, apical margin slightly concave, basal margin straight. Elytra elongate, parallel-sided, 1.7-1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide; disc smooth, with dense, fine punctures and short pubescence, with three indistinct longitudinal ridges, two near suture, one from humerus. Apical spur of tibia of middle leg elongate in males (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3K</figureCitation>
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); tarsomeres I of front and middle legs apically broadened in males (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3I</figureCitation>
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), less broadened in females (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3J</figureCitation>
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). Aedeagus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3C, D</figureCitation>
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) slender in dorsal view, 5.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, sides asymmetric, gradually broadened from apex to apical 1/4, slightly narrowed at middle, apex broadly rounded; moderately curved near base in lateral view, moderately broadened from apex to middle, apex narrowly rounded; ostium covered by a more or less sclerotized membrane; primary endophallic sclerite long, 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as aedeagus, with four apical teeth, and an additional longitudinal row of erect teeth from near apex to base, becoming smaller towards apex, one short sclerite connected with base, apex with one short tooth. Gonocoxae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
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) transverse, both gonocoxae combined from basal connection, with a number of short setae along apical margin. Ventrite VIII (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3F</figureCitation>
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) extremely transverse; disc with dense, short setae along apical margin; spiculum extremely short. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3L</figureCitation>
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) very swollen; pump short and strongly curved; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct wide and short. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V with angular depression at middle in males, followed by shallow notch (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3H</figureCitation>
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); represented by a semi-circular depression in females (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3G</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xanthogaleruca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogaleruca yuae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xanthogaleruca yuae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
antenna, male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
antenna, female
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
ditto, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
gonocoxae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal ventrite VIII
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal ventrite V, female
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal ventrite V, male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
tarsi of front leg, male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
tarsi of front leg, female
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
apex of tibia of middle leg, male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. yuae" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="yuae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. yuae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aenescens" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be separated from those of other species in the genus by their entirely green elytra, presence of three black spots on the pronotum, and elytra with fine and dense punctures.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xanthogaleruca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogaleruca yuae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xanthogaleruca yuae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aenescens" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a narrower aedeagus, 5.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) (broader aedeagus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca aenescens (Fairmaire) A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I apex of tibia of middle leg, male J tarsi of front leg, male K tarsi of front leg, female L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), 5.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aenescens" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), teeth from near apex to middle of primary endophallic sclerite (lacking teeth from near apex to middle of primary endophallic sclerite in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aenescens" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), apex of tarsomere I of front legs broader in males than females (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
) (apex of tarsomere I of front legs uniform in both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aenescens" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca aenescens (Fairmaire) A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I apex of tibia of middle leg, male J tarsi of front leg, male K tarsi of front leg, female L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
)), and long apical spur on mesotibia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3K</figureCitation>
|
||
) (short apical spur on mesotibia in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aenescens" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D ditto, lateral view E gonocoxae F abdominal ventrite VIII G abdominal ventrite V, female H abdominal ventrite V, male I tarsi of front leg, male J tarsi of front leg, female K apex of tibia of middle leg, male L spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3I</figureCitation>
|
||
)). This new species was misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xanthogaleruca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogaleruca aenescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xanthogaleruca aenescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 68" publicationUrl="https://catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp/opac_detail_md/?lang=0&amode=MD100000&bibid=2358" refId="B25" refString="Kimoto, S, 1969. Notes on the Chrysomelidae from Taiwan, II. Esakia 7: 1 - 68, https://catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp/opac_detail_md/?lang=0&amode=MD100000&bibid=2358" title="Notes on the Chrysomelidae from Taiwan, II." url="https://catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp/opac_detail_md/?lang=0&amode=MD100000&bibid=2358" volume="7" year="1969">Kimoto (1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kimoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Kurume University Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="53 - 62" refId="B31" refString="Kimoto, S, 1986. The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientific Expedition to Taiwan in 1984. Kurume University Journal 35: 53 - 62" title="The Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected by the Nagoya University Scientific Expedition to Taiwan in 1984." volume="35" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Larvae and adults feed on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Zelkova" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zelkova serrata" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zelkova serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Thunb.) Makino (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spach" authorityYear="1841" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xanthogaleruca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogaleruca yuae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xanthogaleruca yuae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. populations are presumed to be univoltine. The following life cycle information is based on our (TCRT) observations made by Mr Mei-Hua Tsou (Lee and Cheng 2010). Females began to deposit an average of 10-20 eggs in two rows of a single egg mass on the undersides of leaves (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Field photographs of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. on host plant A egg masses B early instar larva C mature larvae D single mature larva E pupa and prepupa F adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) during 22 April 2009. Larvae hatched in 7-8 days. Larvae fed on one side of leaves and left only one layer of tissue at the surface (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Field photographs of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. on host plant A egg masses B early instar larva C mature larvae D single mature larva E pupa and prepupa F adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The larval duration was 15-21 days. mature larvae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Field photographs of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. on host plant A egg masses B early instar larva C mature larvae D single mature larva E pupa and prepupa F adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
) expelled an adhesive from the anus, then pupated on the undersides of leaves. Duration of the pupal stage was 8-13 days (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Field photographs of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. on host plant A egg masses B early instar larva C mature larvae D single mature larva E pupa and prepupa F adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). adults were active during spring (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Field photographs of Xanthogaleruca yuae sp. nov. on host plant A egg masses B early instar larva C mature larvae D single mature larva E pupa and prepupa F adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/545534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Field photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lee & Bezděk" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xanthogaleruca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogaleruca yuae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xanthogaleruca yuae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. on host plant
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
egg masses
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
early instar larva
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
mature larvae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
single mature larva
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
pupa and prepupa
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
adult.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Widespread in lowlands of Taiwan.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dedicated to Mrs Su-Fang Yu who was the first member of TCRT to collect specimens of this new species and rear them successfully from eggs to adults.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |