248 lines
42 KiB
XML
248 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="CCEB641F67AA992B56B965451365A841" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c57fbb65-0453-4dee-a98f-2476dde849e4" ModsDocID="4580" checkinTime="1243376393067" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Kempf, W. W." docDate="1966" docId="C4106D27FF0B95F480FD59505BD1A9B1" docLanguage="en" docName="4580" docOrigin="Studia Entomologica (N. S.) 8" docSource="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4580/4580.pdf" docTitle="Cyphomyrmex transversus Kempf, 1966, n. stat." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="197" masterDocId="A60EEC1733A0D7C5B5AD52D191854726" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Neotropical fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex Mayr. Part II. Group of rimosus (Spinola) (Hym. Formicidae)." masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="193" updateTime="1701312406906" updateUser="plazi">
|
|
<mods:mods id="0B9BBCBB6374352E0838702C9AD6A337" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="7BF94EDA99151A83C3F796CD522A4D44">
|
|
<mods:title id="85A2931602C2B15B2EAFFF6D7AF63DF0">A revision of the Neotropical fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex Mayr. Part II. Group of rimosus (Spinola) (Hym. Formicidae).</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="B2570392ACD9845E8762D08079D4BA7D" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="99D67660E1A225A99ED6CCA1F306BE72">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="3CDC651B67B3750286F0DACB04392453">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="E27C2BCF68997E5A1D76B826589A63A2">Kempf, W. W.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="0A026A7DEA5395EFB5822945E7C44521">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="57BA13C7D454E89F7B3E140DE2745396" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="138E5F5A6B7A9DB3B2E2130D732089AE">
|
|
<mods:title id="4BE25682A583510D3A12F28079F53900">Studia Entomologica (N. S.)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="4BD5DD76041DEED1198A1668897ABEC2">
|
|
<mods:date id="2B6F9F27CDFAF3AF13E668AA262B29DE">1966</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="0B47B4CC09D06EF3BA7C7FC69816F863" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="C789A8B1C66DB243F202B6C275B1E70F">8</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="72829F657563576E370AEBFE4487AC33" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="8A187CEF673D8460C3CBFBDC4F92A44D">161</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="05C1DC2A5FD0E6F2183AF9FEE0567E09">200</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="EE9950BF5561A5ED1C100FD3273F11C4">
|
|
<mods:url id="F1A2DE1C87AB95A7D6441561FCBE29A6">http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4580/4580.pdf</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="DFAB0086FE15835684A49BA963D17A34">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="BDFDF3A1CEE81EEEE02C35BF99391BA6" type="HNS-Pub">4580</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="C4106D27FF0B95F480FD59505BD1A9B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6285058" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100127807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6285058" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C4106D27FF0B95F480FD59505BD1A9B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C4106D27FF0B95F480FD59505BD1A9B1" lastPageNumber="197" pageNumber="193">
|
|
<subSubSection id="1B7AF4DE0575C7FCDCFC37872CDDE356" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="6C18383F3F44B0B0B883CAF088247AF4" pageNumber="193">
|
|
14.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A45B6CA41C1F5FA5EA135900F7772080" ID-CoL="33FS5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EC5A73AA2BC1DDC4FF4C7C67C1693806">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="80717E8B57CDAC399B0E7D999F8BFC75" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="858ACE6BE4D526D92F9DC959F1DB4D75" pageNumber="193">(Figs. 12, 24, 30)</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="6D6237489496EC028E5C143EAE3A007E" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="48C6AA13F9D19B473860F95F164AA77D" pageNumber="193">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1E8D9B0D4CE9C1599F4F04DA706E0472" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:241784" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus r. transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="transversus">
|
|
Cyphomyrmex rimosus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2DAF9BDC305228E6F80EA605E10A3595" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus Emery</taxonomicName>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1894: 226 (Worker, female; Brazil: Mato Grosso). - Emery, 1905: 161 (Brazil, Mato Grosso: Coxipo). - Wheeler, 1907: 723-4 (Worker, female, male; Syn.; Brazil: Ceara; Pernambuco: Olinda). - Bruch 1915: 529 (Argentina: Salta, Tucuman). - Wheeler, 1925: 45 (Worker; Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte: Natal). - Borgmeier, 1927: 126-7 (Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul). - Santschi, 1931: 280, fig. 3 (Worker). - Santschi, 1933: 118 (Argentina, Misiones: Loreto). - Weber, 1940: 412 (Worker; key). - Kusnezov, 1949: 436, 442, figs. 6-14 (Worker; key; Argentina, Tucuman: Rio Sali, Los Puestos; Salta: Rio Saladillo, Cafayate, Cerro San Isidro; Santiago del Estero; Termas de Rio, Hondo, Santo Domingo, Palo Errao, Siete Arboles). - Kusnezov, 1957: 260-1, (Discussion; Syn.). - Weber, 1958: 260-1 (Worker, female; except
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C6789AF221A7BCC5DA7E979B9D07C678">new syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8773D1C0FFF1F8D288F9E92840D86467" pageNumber="193">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="154ADE0E811F975947A9455F230D3F7E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245287" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex dentatus subsp. olindanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dentatus" subSpecies="olindanus">
|
|
Cyphomyrmex dentatus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C6D80C952AE8B1197A95C04DA4CA1CCF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228976" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex olindanus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olindanus">olindanus Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1901b: 337 (Worker; Brazil, Pernambuco: Olinda).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BA6BD1FC942C1CD79F61CA52E54786A4" pageNumber="193">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0946AF23F3BF1B8177C224FE7D33C7CF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137373" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="pencosensis">
|
|
Cyphomyrmex
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0E49FDBD41AE9DF1F9A7F6B227129F10" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137373" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="pencosensis">rimosus var. pencosensis Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1914: 281-282 (Worker; Argentina. San Luis: Alto Pencoso). - Bruch, 1916: 323-4, fig. 14, pl. 10, fig. 1 (Worker). - Gallardo, 1916: 324 (Argentina, Buenos Aires: Buenos Aires, Tandil; Cordoba: Alta Gracia). - Bruch, 1923: 201-2, fig. 13, pl. 2, figs. 1-3 (Worker; fungus garden). -
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F4D362456FF6B139DA175A227991D78E">NOV. SYN.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="04DFE0497FAFDE84C7BB06A518C83366" pageNumber="193">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6148CDFE77AD8B96AA2BEE590375554D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245288" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. transversus var. pencosensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" subSpecies="transversus" variety="pencosensis">Cyphomyrmex rimosus transversus var. pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
: Santschi, 1931: 278-9, figs. 4, 8, 9 (Worker, female, male; Argentina, Cordoba: Alta Gracia, Tanti Viejo, La Paz; Santa Fe: Fives Lille).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2D4924328190A8CF7ADFEF19E12A9646" pageNumber="193">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4E30E792B24F39D08CE1F351766EF468" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137373" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="pencosensis">Cyphomyrmex rimosus pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
: Weber, 1940: 411 (Worker, female, male; key). - Kusnezov, 1949: 436, 441 (Worker; key; Argentina, Salta: Cafayate, Aguas Blancas; Tucuman: Saladillo, Tucuman). - Kusnezov, 1957: 10 (Worker; key).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="D6E74A2614F9FB2485AFD1456679502E" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="A5DF54A4403FFBB61DAEEA2994F42A47" pageNumber="193">
|
|
Types. - Workers and a female, collected by P. Germain at an unidentified locality in Mato Grosso, Brazil, presumably in the Emery collection; not seen. One syntype worker of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AFBDDCE8F12019D3F93E3926048C3FDA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228976" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex olindanus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olindanus">olindanus Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
received on loan from the MCZ. Types of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4D7D634D817BE16F35E7E4BFBA4DCB61" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228977" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pencosensis">pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
presumably in the Forel collection; not seen.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="32D961D475F2F0E693CB348AB84537E7" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="0210173A794D502EA10A5C174980AD2F" pageNumber="193">Worker. - Total length 2.7-3.4 mm; head length 0.67- 0.83 mm; head width 0.64-0.80 mm; thorax length 0.88-1.09 mm; hind femur length 0.69-0.83 mm. Uniformly yellowish brown to more or less fuscous brown; especially cephalic dorsum and gaster are occasionally more distinctly infuscated. Integument finely and densely punctate-granulate, opaque.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D126A00868A8527D527F252AE960D0C2" lastPageNumber="194" pageNumber="193">Head as shown in Fig. 12. Mandibles reticulate-striolate and somewhat shining. Clypeus having the anterior border either straight or slightly concave, bearing on its corners a weak, blunt tooth. Frontal area impressed, without hairs. Frontal lobes semicircular, greatly expanded laterad; frontal carinae a bit sinuous and diverging caudad, attaining the slightly produced occipital corner. Midfrontal tumulus and transverse frontal groove extremely feeble; head disc nearly flat. Paired carinae on vertex blunt, low, extremely weak to vestigial. Preocular carina curving mesad above eye, not joining up with the feeble carina extending from the occipital lobe foreward to the postero-inferior border of eye. The latter with about 9-10 facets across its greatest diameter. Supraocular tubercle usually weak, contained in, and marked as a blunt angle of, the postocular carina. Inferior border of cheeks sharply marginate. Scape in repose surpassing the occipital corner by a distance subequal to its maximum width. Funicular segments II-IX not longer than broad; segment I a bit longer than II and III combined.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="3F528BECFF2F755D9AB35E506352CF2F" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="4B04ABEBC7606252D452B33FF3392CBF" pageNumber="194">
|
|
Thorax as shown in Fig. 24. Pronotum dorsally with four tubercles, the median pair smallest; antero-inferior corner with a prominent tooth; sides of dorsal disc feebly marginate in front of the blunt, lateral tubercles. Mesonotum shallowly impressed, flanked by two pairs of low, ridge or welt-like tubercles; both the anterior and the posterior pair often fused to each other forming transverse, semicircular ridges, somehow imitating the condition obtained in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5C5E5C2100E8397C05C33F0C39C331D8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28542" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex peltatus Kempf" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peltatus">peltatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="530A0573A5A7C2F596B4B3950F68D7E3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228971" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex dentatus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">dentatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Mesoepinotal constriction usually rather shallow in profile, forming an extremely blunt angle. Basal face of epinotum subquadrate, laterally bluntly marginate, each side bituberculate, the anterior tubercle obtuse, the posterior usually more prominent and tooth-like, situated below the level of basal face on the upper third of the declivous face. Basal third of hind femora gradually incrassate on flexor face, then forming an obtuse angle; the distal two thirds attenuate; posterior border of flexor face sharply marginate or even carinulata especially on bent.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="D87FD2A9C0F5E7667A39A48DF7CA0157" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="59B39C815B8885D3DB3535445C660402" pageNumber="194">Pedicel as shown in Figs. 24 and 30. Petiolar node strikingly transverse, about thrice as broad as long, lacking a dorsally produced crest and teeth on posterior border; strongly constricted in front of postpetiolar insertion. Postpetiole likewise rather broad, with a usually deeply impressed midlongitudinal groove and a shorter and broader groove posteriorly on each side. Tergum I of gaster with an antero-median groove, at least as long as petiole and hairless; lateral borders of same tergum distinctly marginate.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="89755BA76FCB94F844B5919914EF2C09" pageNumber="194">Body hairs squamate and reclinate, unusually short, thick and conspicuous on head, thoracic dorsum and gaster; narrow, squamate and appressed hairs on scapes and legs.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6CE54C8F8837060ADC51A6884FD52E82" lastPageNumber="195" pageNumber="194">
|
|
Female. - Total length 3.5-4.2 mm; head length 0.80- 0.93 mm; head width 0.76-0.88 mm; thorax length 1.09-1.33 mm; hind femur length 0.80-1.04 mm. This caste resembles quite closely that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="369AD4022DAEEBA6B54346B8A346F654" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The lateral ocelli, not prominent nor placed on raised ridges; the distinctly dentate antero-inferior corner of pronotum; the always well developed and salient epinotal spines; the striking width of the pedicelar segments, even better expressed in this caste than in the worker; the deep longitudinal furrow on the postpetiolar dorsum, distinguish
|
|
<taxonomicName id="462DE6DD54FF50DA4940BA0B3A041799" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="85E02A31AD011FC82AE22D0BACE8E807" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The squamate body hairs are of the same kind as in worker. Wings infuscated, venation as represented by Kusnezov (1949, pl. 1, fig. 15).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5513C1DCCC7540622EB8ACD7727CC64F" pageNumber="195">Male. - There is a scant diagnosis of this caste in Wheeler (1907: 724).</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="1625EE0332052C3A3ACA4815D39C504C" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="531AA8BBAFDA80A3C449281B7EA798CB" pageNumber="195">
|
|
Distribution. - The present species is known to occur from northern Brazil to central Argentina. Being more xerophilous than the otherwise omnipresent
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ECC13809D183B9E48526254AB2F01EDD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, it even occurs in the dry northeastern Brazil as the only representative of the genus.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E2FE7F532FED3CEEBF5B36BBF3DBB144" pageNumber="195">
|
|
Specimens examined: 83 - 68 workers, 9 females and 6 males - as follows: Argentina, Chaco: R. Saenz Pena, October 19, 1933, A. A. Ogloblin leg. 1 female (MCZ); Santa Fe: Fives Lille, Weiser leg. 4 workers (CTB). - Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, May-June 1926, Haertel and P. Buck leg. 4 workers (CTB); Sao Paulo: Agudos, 8 different collections between March 1952 and October 1957, W. W. Kempf and C. Gilbert leg. 29 workers (WWK); Rio de Janeiro: Cabo Frio, July 1926, T. Borgmeier leg. 4 workers, 2 females (CTB); Minas Gerais: Aracuai, Nov. 1926 and October 1929, P. Thiemann leg. 9 workers, 3 females, 2 males (CTB); Goias: Goiania-Campinas, April 1927, S. Schwarzmaier leg. 5 workers, 1 female (CTB), Leopoldo Bulhoes, May 1935, S. Schwarzmaier, leg. 1 female, 1 male (CTB); Bahia: Jacobina, December 1953, C. R. Goncalves leg. 2 workers, 2 males (CTB); Pernambuco: Olinda, without date and collector, 3 workers including a syntype of Forel's
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2E989892E1D57FB7AAB20C1CDBA307AE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228976" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex olindanus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olindanus">olindanus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(MCZ, CTB), Tapera, without date, B. Pickel leg. 2 workers (CTB); Ceara: Ubajara, December 1948, C. R. Goncalves leg. 1 worker (CTB); Para: Obidos, January 1949, C. R. Goncalves leg. 1 worker (CTB), Vigia, November 1943, C. R. Goncalves leg. 2 workers, 1 female, 1 male (CTB); Amazonas: Manaus, October 1953, C. R. Goncalves leg. 2 workers (CTB).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="29FCAD295688D9AECD880AA645452284" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8AF6A0B5A03EDD04D8FC2DEA162EA054" lastPageNumber="196" pageNumber="195">
|
|
Discussion. - Emery's original description of the present species, in spite of its brevity, contains the main distinguishing features. Further descriptive details and discussions are contained in the papers by Wheeler (1907, 1925), Santschi (1931, fig. 3, which represents a profile of the thorax of a syntype worker), "Weber (1940, 1958), Kusnezov (1949). Already in 1925 Wheeler suggested that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EF3A711868FA804DAEB5613C4488E7FA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
"might be properly regarded as a distinct species". However, the conservative view prevailed and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="744865ED1EA794A3BEF2A2F20053F220" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
has constantly been considered a subspecies of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="08274EDB65E88ACABD0C86BBD9C54838" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
up to the present time.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1E375F720329B96D139A00625A2AB5C4" pageNumber="196">
|
|
Although
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A067282F4E928882CD817E0E56AC573E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
is doubtless a close ally of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="68380B8E168FC2AE22551BECB36F767A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, it exhibits nevertheless a set of good distinguishing characters, constant throughout its vast range. Furthermore, both forms occur side by side over a vast part of South America. Hence full specific rank is evidently indicated for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="77DA874D71FB7A253DDF217DF1D99A37" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E5719D07B3C12E264C6AB4C11ACAD4BF" pageNumber="196">
|
|
The chief separatory characters between
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6D98D727C4EB7DFF60B7E027E9C63E9C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E20DA7256A30F6B608AA48645E1ECA66" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
s. I. have already been given for the female in the foregoing diagnosis. The worker differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E99D1A2139E9C835A5AA2F0916FFDE9C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the feeble and low pair of carinae on vertex; the distinctly dentate anteroinferior corner of pronotum; the low mesonotal ridges, as seen in profile, especially the posterior pair - both pairs encircling the slightly impressed disc much as in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C63D20CD47846F19DDB89F031F7B6296" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28542" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex peltatus Kempf" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peltatus">peltatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1656E7A9C966A007BA34DFDA0F8C2B90" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228971" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex dentatus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">dentatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
; the rather shallow mesoepinotal constriction, appearing as an obtuse angle in profile; the two pairs of tubercles on the posterior corner of the basal face of epinotum; the strikingly transverse pedicelar nodes, principally the petiole; the deeply impressed middorsal groove on postpetiole; the long and hairless antero-median groove on tergum I of gaster; the body hairs which are thickly squamate, especially on head, thorax and gaster. Although due to variation proper to this group some of the aforesaid characters may occasionally fail to reach their full expression - or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C649FC9A3E4401A049598CD3A6FFF6BE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
in one or the other specimen may imitate one or very few of the characters of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7263ECFD6EA8203D772ECE0475D5D7C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
- their ensemble will always be sufficient to separate
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5F95D5FA297F54E714B86866F1C47092" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ABF5ADE37337E745BCF039D3ADB3E785" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="22AE3346ED79559695B3B60B7DCB1105" pageNumber="196">
|
|
Synonymy. - There is no doubt about the absolute identity between
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F1B74F0DFB7A31ACD872C9AC4788F16B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4A52DCDA3551A5155D25882152E43C45" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228976" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex olindanus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olindanus">olindanus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, first recognized by Emery (1905) and formally proposed by Wheeler (1907), who had received a. syntype of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6FF819E695733D181ABBE98946FC1604" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228976" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex olindanus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olindanus">olindanus</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Forel. Recently, Weber (1958) sunk his own
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9F7CC9344DAFED48D22F1478C899CAB0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="venezuelensis">rimosus venezuelensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
as a synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="43620A15089A15A3F95CD0811FBEE6B7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
after a comparison made between the respective types. Having seen three syntype workers of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2A6B1E089C6C994B3A81FEA489185ED2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">venezuelensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
, I cannot agree with this procedure. Indeed,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B54F9AE5745352D71D7A347F1874B3F4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">venezuelensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
has exceptionally low mesonotal tubercles and a rather broad petiolar node, but fails to reproduce all other distinguishing features of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="30B1C65F353B732AAFA9D75E511B405D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Hence I propose to reinstate
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D04917E1630D97EF3F9A541CD9291AAF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228985" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus venezuelensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venezuelensis">venezuelensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
and place it provisionally under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="00381DB00B56A69B815650D8ECD53C26" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Its final status depends from a through revision of the latter.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="019C4270BA74B90CB06BF57C76B2D6DA" pageNumber="196">
|
|
A
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="074E2FF64025A8B784A8A81BF1DB091A">new synonym</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="47DCCC6D0898056F0E8EDA237B1E5ADD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
is herewith proposed, namely
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B9B00ED00EE984B8D075C35FB60EB23E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137373" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rimosus" variety="pencosensis">rimosus var. pencosensis Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
. This form has been amply quoted (perhaps some records in the literature don't even refer to this form), but only Santschi (1931) seems to have given any thought to its systematic relationship. He showed that the closest relative is not
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6E7027BEAE1736B6A96327D36B19AC15" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137367" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus var. fuscus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="fuscus">
|
|
rimosus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C291BB97D5670DAD66988567038385A2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228974" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex fuscus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscus">fuscus Emery</taxonomicName>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, as propounded by Forel, but
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D61B2AF56546851410D04665485D0448" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, from which it differs merely and exclusively in its darker color.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="03A72678B991753B4A36D5D609700862" pageNumber="196">
|
|
Unfortunately, Santschi did not sink
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4A890AE3A65D608B520DB2A29117B824" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228977" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pencosensis">pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
right there, but satisfied himself by lowering it as a variety under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E136C2916C2FC751830CDE910A146F9B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Weber (1940), in his synopsis of the genus, raised
|
|
<taxonomicName id="64D6293868A24F27616E461C3C53E2B6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228977" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pencosensis">pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
to subspecific rank, probably overlooking Santschi's previous results. Kusnezov, (1949, 1957), fully aware of Santschi's opinion, chose to follow Weber's classification, distinguishing artificially both forms by the development of the thoracic tubercles in the worker caste. This character, admitting intergradation, is simply useless, and I can see no other solution than placing
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5B142F07888CCAE58DB8FE1245A31E68" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228977" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pencosensis">pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
into synonymy of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB183816C08F7036312D740D336655E3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="B7C2F963B901AC1A3A9EA6DF3D27AD12" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="315A4890A3BA423414AC2756EB39317C" lastPageNumber="197" pageNumber="196">
|
|
Bionomics. - From my field experience in Agudos I have come to the conclusion that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5E4A5B70892FB0DAF022A360908CDBF5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28548" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex transversus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversus">transversus</taxonomicName>
|
|
nests in dryer situations (open fields, parkland) than
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1CF9AAEFD5545B9513DD8C82A94975CB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
which prefers the more humid environment of dense woodlands. The distribution of the former seems to confirm this rule.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2FBFA9EAC4957FAE0BED5D4BDDB36EB1" pageNumber="197">
|
|
Bruch (1923) has studied and pictured the fungus-garden and nest of "
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C617505979B3957B6F8D13369B182589" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228977" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex pencosensis Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pencosensis">pencosensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
" in the Argentine. In fact, this ant cultivates a yeastlike fungus on excrements of insects, principally acridid grasshoppers, much as the typical
|
|
<taxonomicName id="78D5416D83231D3EA0F6272AD92E5D7A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
and its allies. Perhaps here lies the reason why Weber hesitated to separate the form from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2218701050DB39FA37148F55D91C53C5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, being of the opinion that all
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3CC329F5B99E7A1080FF4D248722A369" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2389" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyphomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
forms with this aberrant or - as he likes to put it - primitive type of fungus culture should be ranked under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48BEA44082CFCE0BB5B532FFCB86BBA3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
. 1 cannot follow this line of reasoning, inasmuch as species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB66518EC3BC0A03C289C9D831751F6F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2323" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Acromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Acromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Acromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B135FE46E953BE8CCD3DF38848DADB27" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2366" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Atta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Atta Fabricius" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atta</taxonomicName>
|
|
, cultivating the same basidiomycete fungus (Pholiota gongylophora) would have to be placed - a fortiori - into the same genus, if not to be declared conspecific!
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |