treatments-xml/data/BA/3D/87/BA3D8786592FFFAAFEB5FDA3FC5EFB29.xml
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<mods:title id="553F77B008BE143DF7C3E8185EFB1FD2">Cyclacanthia n. g. (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida: Latrunculiidae incertea sedis), a new genus of marine sponges from South African waters, and description of two new species</mods:title>
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Family
<taxonomicName id="F5944D13592FFFAAFEDAFDA3FD15FDCA" ID-CoL="84KCW" authority="Topsent, 1922" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1922" box="[359,725,542,568]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
Latrunculiidae
<bibRefCitation id="56054B61592FFFAAFD97FDA3FD15FDCA" author="Topsent" box="[554,725,542,568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="17" refString="Topsent, E. (1922). Les megascleres polytylote des Monaxonides er la parente des Latrunculiines." type="book" year="1922">Topsent, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="322B3690592FFFAAFEB5FDD4FC5EFB29" blockId="3.[264,1325,617,1243]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="00E0EA82592FFFAAFEB5FDD4FE40FD71" bold="true" box="[264,384,617,643]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Massive semispherical, pedunculate, or thinly encrusting sponges, with areolate porefields and raised fistular oscules; texture in life soft, slightly elastic, compressible, leathery in preservative. Colour in life typically liquorice brown, dark green, olive, brown or khaki, often tinged with forest­green or blue, or rarely pale beige to white. Structural megascleres are styles or anisostrongyles, rarely oxeas, these are frequently slightly irregular, sinuous, forming a compact tangential layer under the ectosome, and a widemeshed reticulation in the choanosome that, in some genera, is bounded by broad dense ascending (
<taxonomicName id="F5944D13592FFFAAFE32FC3CFDECFC68" box="[399,556,897,922]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Cyclacanthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00E0EA82592FFFAAFE32FC3CFDECFC68" box="[399,556,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cyclacanthia</emphasis>
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n.g.), or chamber­forming tracts (
<taxonomicName id="F5944D13592FFFAAFC7CFC3CFADEFC69" authority="Samaai &amp; Kelly" authorityName="Samaai &amp; Kelly" box="[961,1310,897,923]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00E0EA82592FFFAAFC7CFC3CFB93FC68" box="[961,1107,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tsitsikamma</emphasis>
Samaai &amp; Kelly
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). Microscleres are typically acanthose anisodiscorhabds, or “chessman” spicules, or isospinodiscorhabds (
<taxonomicName id="F5944D13592FFFAAFE09FC6CFD90FC18" box="[436,592,977,1002]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Cyclacanthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00E0EA82592FFFAAFE09FC6CFD90FC18" box="[436,592,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cyclacanthia</emphasis>
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n.g.), bearing various apical and basal whorls (manubrium) of discrete spines that merge to various degrees to form crenulate discs; the subsidiary and median whorls (in the upper half and midway along the shaft, respectively) are variously present, and form crenulate to spinose discs. Microscleres are typically arranged in a compact or irregular palisade of spicules orientated perpendicular to the ectosome, their bases buried in the ectosomal membrane. Viviparous. Shallow sublittoral to abyssal, polar to warm temperate (modified from
<bibRefCitation id="56054B61592FFFAAFD35FB7CFC52FB29" author="Samaai" box="[648,914,1217,1243]" pageId="3" pageNumber="17" refString="Samaai, T. &amp; Kelly, M. (2002) Family Latrunculiidae. In: Hooper, J. N. A., &amp; Van Soest, R. W. M. (eds). Systema Porifera. A Guide to the supraspecific classification of sponges and spongiomorphs (Porifera). Kluwer Academic / Plenum Published, New York, pp. 708 - 719." type="book chapter" year="2002">Samaai &amp; Kelly, 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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