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<mods:title id="413EB598AFC4C0264A92912E67D94DB3">New sea cucumber species from the seamounts on the Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida, Elasipodida, Dendrochirotida)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35936FBA9FC47FB98" bold="true" box="[817,929,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pannychia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE359AFFBAAFBF8FB98" author="Theel, H." box="[936,1054,1026,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7284" refString="Theel, H. 1882. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76. Zoology 4: 1 - 176, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35950FB86FBA0FBCE" ID-CoL="7PP9V" authority="Theel, 1882: 88" authorityName="Theel" authorityPageNumber="88" authorityYear="1882" box="[855,1094,1070,1089]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35950FB86FC5EFBCE" box="[855,952,1070,1089]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pannychia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE359BAFB86FBA0FBCE" author="Theel, H." box="[957,1094,1070,1089]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7284" refString="Theel, H. 1882. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76. Zoology 4: 1 - 176, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882: 88</bibRefCitation>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="B941109DFFC0FFE35E67FB86FB1DFBCE" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1120,1275,1070,1089]" page="709" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" year="1907">
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35E67FB86FB1DFBCE" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1120,1275,1070,1089]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="637 - 744" refId="ref6478" refString="Fisher, W. K. 1907. The holothurians of the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 32 (1555): 637 - 744, pls 66 - 82." type="journal article" year="1907">Fisher, 1907: 709</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35F13FB86FA4FFBCE" author="Mitsukuri, K." box="[1300,1449,1070,1089]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 284" refId="ref6875" refString="Mitsukuri, K. 1912. Studies on actinopodous Holothurioidea. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University 29 (2): 1 - 284, 8 pls." type="journal article" year="1912">Mitsukuri, 1912:</bibRefCitation>
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207.—
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE3596CFBE1FBE0FBD3" author="Pawson, D. L." box="[875,1030,1097,1116]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref7012" refString="Pawson, D. L. 1965. The bathyal holothurians of the New Zealand region. Zoology Publications from Victoria University of Wellington 39 (18): 1 - 33, 7 figs." type="journal article" year="1965">Pawson, 1965: 22</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35E26FBE1FB5AFBD3" author="Pawson, D. L." box="[1057,1212,1097,1116]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="7 - 65" refId="ref7048" refString="Pawson, D. L. 1970. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 201: 7 - 65, 10 figs, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1970">Pawson, 1970: 53</bibRefCitation>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35ED0FBE1FA95FBD3" author="Hansen, B." box="[1239,1395,1097,1116]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref6543" refString="Hansen, B. 1975. Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians. Part I. Elasipoda. Galathea Report 13: 1 - 262, pls 1 - 14." type="book chapter" year="1975">Hansen, 1975: 72</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35950FBCCFC03FBF8" box="[855,997,1124,1143]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Laetmophasma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE359EDFBCCFB77FBF8" author="Ludwig, H." box="[1002,1169,1124,1143]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="105 - 114" refId="ref6626" refString="Ludwig, H. 1893. Reports on the dredging operations off the west coast of Central America to the Galapagos, to the west coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; during 1891. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 24 (4): 105 - 114." type="journal article" year="1893">Ludwig, 1893: 109</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35EABFBCCFAADFBF8" author="Ludwig, H." box="[1196,1355,1124,1143]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref6704" refString="Ludwig, H. 1894. Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, during 1891. XII. The Holothurioidea. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College 17 (3): 1 - 183, pls 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1894">Ludwig, 1894: 85</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35936FB27FC71FB2B" box="[817,919,1167,1188]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(emended from
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35E49FB27FB2AFB2B" author="Theel, H." box="[1102,1228,1167,1189]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7284" refString="Theel, H. 1882. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76. Zoology 4: 1 - 176, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35F0AFB27FA7CFB2A" author="Hansen, B." box="[1293,1434,1167,1189]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref6543" refString="Hansen, B. 1975. Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians. Part I. Elasipoda. Galathea Report 13: 1 - 262, pls 1 - 14." type="book chapter" year="1975">Hansen, 1975</bibRefCitation>
). Mouth subventral, lacking circumoral papillae, tentacles about 20, non-retractile; anus dorsoposterior; numerous slender papillae of variable length over the dorsal and lateral body; lateral ventral ambulacra with tube feet in single series, midventral ambulacrum with smaller tube feet; body wall and papillae with numerous wheel ossicles and significantly smaller, slightly concave round to oval plate ossicles; wheels with teeth between larger outer spokes and with fewer small hub spokes, hub covered by a membrane; small plates with about 15 perforations, including 2 large and 2 smaller central ones.
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="E75B882EFFC0FFE35936FA4DFC86FA75" box="[817,864,1509,1530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE359CEFA4DFAC0FA75" authority="Theel, 1882" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1882" box="[969,1318,1509,1531]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="moseleyi">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE359CEFA4DFB7AFA75" box="[969,1180,1509,1530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pannychia moseleyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35EAEFA4DFAC0FA75" author="Theel, H." box="[1193,1318,1509,1531]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7284" refString="Theel, H. 1882. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76. Zoology 4: 1 - 176, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(monotypy) (
<collectingRegion id="FA24F86EFFC0FFE3593FF9ABFC6FF997" box="[824,905,1539,1560]" country="New Zealand" name="Tasman" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Tasman</collectingRegion>
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)
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35936F998FC71F9CA" box="[817,919,1584,1605]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Synonyms</emphasis>
(by
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE359D9F998FB90F9CA" author="Hansen, B." box="[990,1142,1583,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref6543" refString="Hansen, B. 1975. Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians. Part I. Elasipoda. Galathea Report 13: 1 - 262, pls 1 - 14." type="book chapter" year="1975">Hansen, 1975</bibRefCitation>
):
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35E93F987FC59F9ED" authority="Ludwig, 1893" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1893" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Laetmophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="fecundum">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35E93F987FA4EF9CB" box="[1172,1448,1583,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Laetmophasma fecundum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35936F9E5FC59F9ED" author="Ludwig, H." box="[817,959,1613,1635]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="105 - 114" refId="ref6626" refString="Ludwig, H. 1893. Reports on the dredging operations off the west coast of Central America to the Galapagos, to the west coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; during 1891. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 24 (4): 105 - 114." type="journal article" year="1893">Ludwig, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE359CEF9E6FB65F9ED" authorityName="Savel'eva" authorityYear="1933" box="[969,1155,1613,1635]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="moseleyi" subSpecies="mollis">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE359CEF9E6FB65F9ED" box="[969,1155,1613,1635]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. moseleyi mollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35E8DF9E5FACEF9ED" author="Savel'eva, T. S." box="[1162,1320,1613,1635]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="37 - 58" refId="ref7094" refString="Savel'eva, T. S. 1933. On the holothurian fauna of the Japan and Okhotsk Seas. Explorations Mers Russes 19: 37 - 58." type="journal article" year="1933">Saveleva, 1933</bibRefCitation>
;
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35F35F9E6FBA1F90F" authority="Ludwig, 1894" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="variety" species="moseleyi" variety="henrici">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35F35F9E6FA41F9ED" box="[1330,1447,1613,1635]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. moseleyi</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35965F9C3FC4CF90F" box="[866,938,1643,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">henrici</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE359B2F9C3FBA1F90F" author="Ludwig, H." box="[949,1095,1643,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref6704" refString="Ludwig, H. 1894. Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, during 1891. XII. The Holothurioidea. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College 17 (3): 1 - 183, pls 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1894">Ludwig, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35E52F9C3FC82F911" authority="Ohshima, 1915" authorityName="Ohshima" authorityYear="1915" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="moseleyi" subSpecies="vigulifera">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35E52F9C3FADCF90F" box="[1109,1338,1643,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. moseleyi vigulifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35F42F9C3FC82F911" author="Ohshima, H." pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="213 - 291" refId="ref6908" refString="Ohshima, H. 1915. Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries steamer Albatross in the northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 48: 213 - 291, pls 8 - 11." type="journal article" year="1915">Ohshima, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE3596BF921FB68F911" authority="Sluiter, 1901" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1901" box="[876,1166,1672,1694]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multiradiata">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE3596BF921FBE1F912" box="[876,1031,1672,1694]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. multiradiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35E0AF920FB68F911" author="Sluiter, C. P." box="[1037,1166,1672,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 142" refId="ref7122" refString="Sluiter, C. P. 1901. Die Holothurien der Siboga - Expedition. Siboga - Expeditie 44: 1 - 142, 10 pls." type="journal article" year="1901">Sluiter, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35E9FF921FA9DF911" authority="Fisher, 1907" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1907" box="[1176,1403,1672,1694]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35E9FF921FB1CF912" box="[1176,1274,1672,1694]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. pallida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35F06F920FA9DF911" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1281,1403,1672,1694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="637 - 744" refId="ref6478" refString="Fisher, W. K. 1907. The holothurians of the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 32 (1555): 637 - 744, pls 66 - 82." type="journal article" year="1907">Fisher, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="385F368CFFC0FFE35936F91DFC55F966" blockId="3.[817,1448,1717,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35936F91DFBCCF944" box="[817,1066,1717,1739]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Other included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35E33F91DFA67F944" authority="O'Loughlin" authorityName="O'Loughlin" authorityYear="2013" box="[1076,1409,1717,1739]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taylorae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35E33F91DFB19F945" box="[1076,1279,1717,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pannychia taylorae</emphasis>
OLoughlin
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11A757E5FFC0FFE35F8BF91EFCBAF967" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="385F368CFFC0FFE65936F8A8FD22FD92" blockId="3.[817,1450,1792,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[138,772,229,541]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35936F8A8FC76F89A" box="[817,912,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35990F8A8FBCEF899" author="Hansen, B." box="[919,1064,1792,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 262" refId="ref6543" refString="Hansen, B. 1975. Systematics and biology of the deep-sea holothurians. Part I. Elasipoda. Galathea Report 13: 1 - 262, pls 1 - 14." type="book chapter" year="1975">Hansen (1975)</bibRefCitation>
judged that specimens of
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35F33F8A9FC48F8BC" authority="Theel, 1882" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1882" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="moseleyi">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35F33F8A9FA41F89A" box="[1332,1447,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. moseleyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C714B7DFFC0FFE35936F8B6FC48F8BC" author="Theel, H." box="[817,942,1822,1844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref7284" refString="Theel, H. 1882. Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I. Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger During the Years 1873 - 76. Zoology 4: 1 - 176, 46 pls." type="journal article" year="1882">Théel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
showed a wide range of variations and as a consequence synonymized six species and varieties with
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC0FFE35F94F894FC6FF8E1" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1882" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="moseleyi">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC0FFE35F94F894FC6FF8E1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">P. moseleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In collaboration with Niki Davey (NIWA) we examined numerous specimens from the eastern Australian,
<collectingCountry id="40F7761CFFC5FFE65A8BFEABFEF2FE97" box="[140,276,258,280]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
and Antarctic Admiralty Seamount regions and found some consistent morphological differences that are congruent with molecular phylogenetic data. Some consistent morphological characters for species that we observed are colour, numbers of tube feet, maximum wheel size,and numbers of large outer and small inner spokes in the wheels. Based on morphological and phylogenetic data we distinguish
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC5FFE65896FE18FCE4FE4A" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1882" box="[657,770,432,453]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="moseleyi">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC5FFE65896FE18FCE4FE4A" box="[657,770,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">P. moseleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and two additional species of
<taxonomicName id="FFE04D0FFFC5FFE65BCDFE65FDD0FE6D" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1882" box="[458,566,461,482]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Laetmogonidae" genus="Pannychia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Elasipodida" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC5FFE65BCDFE65FDD0FE6D" box="[458,566,461,482]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Pannychia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from these regions (Davey
<emphasis id="0A94EA9EFFC5FFE65ADDFE42FEE3FE70" box="[218,261,490,511]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
., in preparation). We anticipate that molecular data will invite a review of the numerous current synonymies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>