plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/6D/64/87/6D6487869645EC40FF141BBCCC6E7F69.xml

384 lines
46 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="76123019BDAAF9E1C9E6117EDE6DB06B" ID-CLB-Dataset="305330" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.278.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3723101-efdb-434e-b842-cd834d3bc54d" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13650671" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1725380840841" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Andrino, Caroline Oliveira, Trovó, Marcelo &amp; Sano, Paulo Takeo" docDate="2016" docId="6D6487869645EC40FF141BBCCC6E7F69" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.278.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 278 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.278.1.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Paepalanthus multistellaris Andrino &amp; Sano 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="915DFFFE9644EC45FF9C1F2ACF3B7D48" masterDocTitle="A field full of green stars: Paepalanthus multistellaris (Eriocaulaceae), a new species from Minas Gerais, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1732221337171" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="3A1EF665DF7E7F6626C8B156FEAE6472" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A0DB2D019481394111A6BB19196082AD">
<mods:title id="06EB679D1B2216E1959E59FDD98B2CBC">A field full of green stars: Paepalanthus multistellaris (Eriocaulaceae), a new species from Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="7A23CC0AA36294A09FB4B662E40B672F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DCDDE231A91F724351812C1272CDFD47">
<mods:roleTerm id="0760F29C76E91CBAE175A84657E206DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EC537ABB4C87923F2AABDD0915C5EF32">Andrino, Caroline Oliveira</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B16F55080AD2912C7EAE42F1448A388B">Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, CEP, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E1DBF2B63482D32383BB554F0DBAFDFD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5BEA6BA08A10EF60EA5A1041231E61B1">
<mods:roleTerm id="6029388E84D740518D4F7B5536C1AB81">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="33F7230C7C03D1CD1F4CF6A5A4DAD8D2">Trovó, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1E0B556E4C11EE85E1E4138DB27AC3F2">Laboratório Integrado de Sistemática Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco A 1, Cidade Universitaria, CEP 21941 - 590, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1FA77CC3EFD45C890193FD787E23D668" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B1669DB99853B9F61AFDDA5981AB6EFC">
<mods:roleTerm id="F6D194CA76F6B4301D9D15CB4EFFC166">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="503739389BC7053F388A3CF403C6FAED">Sano, Paulo Takeo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EE74C199FFCA3C1FBE20ECA3C9E2E454">Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, CEP, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1095580611B2562DF39456479D500EFA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="DF9AC33AE166190291D10BAF79F0D7F6" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="70B7A91F5531ED51552F14BB062C3195">
<mods:title id="52C9369DA983B4B659CDCD6CC9923090">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="3003E7B3DA99B5702AADADF600C7CFD3">
<mods:date id="78E7C21F7D8A408359D6E9C42A7B3AB6">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C21C9425FC7327C23019C5957B3032EF" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7AB3B03F1FCB72A68349A01B800ED4B7">2016-10-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E4F42DBB4D26020A09F0EBCF5B0C10D7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C7B7ED93E9D5FC2B93E0C3D22D25B198">278</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="22E7820DDE43EB7A672659187570A4D5" type="issue">
<mods:number id="4DC29EE74CF07427A135303F663E92A2">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="49D4E71E2E6D6575E4650BB273A47D47" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C1E5C493A9BDB53ACA046919A90E4488">55</mods:start>
<mods:end id="203C7529AEF2A51B899CAC2CA5C36B70">61</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="63F8A0078FFEEA6B063A6C577A746D1F">
<mods:url id="E168952C11FC32B2FAC6DDE404424254">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.278.1.6</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="E59BD086B778C8574EC2FA83CBD376A7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="498F791CD26C6BDCB4FDE06EE15D51B4" type="CLB-Dataset">305330</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5DC25C1D4305AFB59617DA80A8CE25AE" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.278.1.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3B0252D2A65C45A5F0D0A6F80B65CA14" type="GBIF-Dataset">d3723101-efdb-434e-b842-cd834d3bc54d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="71C219C61EBFB62A4A9BDDC80E6CA682" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="455A5EABCD39EB6302D9CAA060F276D9" type="Zenodo-Dep">13650671</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6D6487869645EC40FF141BBCCC6E7F69" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14200173" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14200173" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D6487869645EC40FF141BBCCC6E7F69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D6487869645EC40FF141BBCCC6E7F69" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9645EC44FF141BBCCC6C79E7" box="[136,855,1174,1199]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E57236909645EC44FF141BBCCC6C79E7" blockId="1.[136,855,1174,1199]" box="[136,855,1174,1199]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139645EC44FF141BBCCDBB79E7" ID-CoL="75KPF" authority="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,640,1174,1199]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829645EC44FF141BBCCE8679E7" box="[136,445,1174,1199]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
Andrino &amp; Sano
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC8A57F99645EC44FD171BBCCDDA79E7" box="[651,737,1174,1199]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829645EC44FD171BBCCDE179E7" box="[651,730,1174,1199]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="7DF62A159645EC44FD741BBCCC6879E7" box="[744,851,1174,1199]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1815,1836]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1828,1849]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,229,1290,1311]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1423,187,1787]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,187,1800]" captionTargetBox-2="[177,1380,223,1205]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@2.[165,1423,187,1787]" captionTargetId-1="figure-14@3.[151,1436,187,1800]" captionTargetId-2="figure-14@4.[151,1436,187,1262]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Paepalanthus multistellaris. A, B. Habit.C.Capitulum detail. D.Involucral bracts,abaxial surface, internal layers (castaneous) on the left side and external ones (green) on the right. E. Floral bract, abaxial surface. F. Complete pistillate flower with detail of the gynoecium. G. Gynoecium detail. H. Complete staminate flower with the corolla margin rolled inwards. I. Staminate flower with sepals removed and the corolla margin rolled inwards (Andrino, C.O. et al. 236, SPF)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Paepalanthus multistellaris. A. Habitat. B. Habitat detail. C. Flowering individuals. D. Inflorescence detail. E. Side view of the capitula. F. Capitula seen from above. (Photos A, B, D: E. Gomes; C, E, F: C.O. Andrino)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Occurrence area of Paepalanthus multistellaris (red circle) and Paepalanthus hirtellus (blue circle) in Minas Gerais, Brazil." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650673" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650677" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650681" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13650673/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13650677/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13650681/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9645EC44FF141BCACC3A7851" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E57236909645EC44FF141BCACC3A7851" blockId="1.[136,1452,1248,1413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829645EC44FF141BCACFF979BD" bold="true" box="[136,194,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="55A53CCD9645EC44FF471BCACEF17851" collectingDate="2013-03-07" collectionCode="SPF" collectorName="C. O. Andrino &amp; P. T. Sano &amp; P. M. Gonella &amp; P. C. Baleeiro" country="Brazil" location="Vereda / Varzea da Estiva" municipality="Botumirim" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="9DDA76009645EC44FF471BCACE0F79BD" box="[219,308,1248,1269]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2709F8729645EC44FEA21BCACEF879BD" box="[318,451,1248,1269]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="0516ACEA9645EC44FE521BCACD0179BD" box="[462,570,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Botumirim</collectingMunicipality>
, “
<location id="E012604B9645EC44FDD01BCACC7A79BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D6487869645EC40FF141BBCCC6E7F69:E012604B9645EC44FDD01BCACC7A79BD" box="[588,833,1248,1269]" country="Brazil" municipality="Botumirim" name="Vereda / Varzea da Estiva" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Vereda/Várzea da Estiva</location>
”,
<date id="917310509645EC44FCC91BCACCDB79BD" box="[853,992,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" value="2013-03-07">
<collectingDate id="8137E9B89645EC44FCC91BCACCDB79BD" box="[853,992,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" value="2013-03-07">7 March 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829645EC44FC771BCACE027851" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<collectorName id="483853469645EC44FC771BCACB4B79BD" box="[1003,1136,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">C.O. Andrino</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="483853469645EC44FBE71BCACBEC79BD" box="[1147,1239,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">P.T. Sano</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="483853469645EC44FB7F1BCACA5979BD" box="[1251,1378,1248,1269]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">P.M. Gonella</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="483853469645EC44FA181BCACE347851" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">P.C. Baleeiro</collectorName>
236
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="3A7688329645EC44FEDA1A2ECEA77851" box="[326,412,1284,1305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="83DCAE559645EC44FE3D1A2ECEF17851" box="[417,458,1284,1305]" collectionName="SPF" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">SPF</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="55A53CCD9645EC44FE4F1A2ECD517851" box="[467,618,1284,1305]" collectionCode="DIAM" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="3A7688329645EC44FE4F1A2ECD197851" box="[467,546,1284,1305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="83DCAE559645EC44FDB41A2ECD517851" box="[552,618,1284,1305]" collectionName="DIAM" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">DIAM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="55A53CCD9645EC44FDE81A2ECDAD7851" box="[628,662,1284,1305]" collectionCode="RB" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
<collectionCode id="83DCAE559645EC44FDE81A2ECDAD7851" box="[628,662,1284,1305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">RB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="55A53CCD9645EC44FD3C1A2ECD967851" box="[672,685,1284,1305]" collectionCode="P" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
<collectionCode id="83DCAE559645EC44FD3C1A2ECD967851" box="[672,685,1284,1305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">P</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="55A53CCD9645EC44FD2B1A2ECDE27851" box="[695,729,1284,1305]" collectionCode="NY" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
<collectionCode id="83DCAE559645EC44FD2B1A2ECDE27851" box="[695,729,1284,1305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">NY</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="55A53CCD9645EC44FD7E1A2ECDCF7851" box="[738,756,1284,1305]" collectionCode="B" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
<collectionCode id="83DCAE559645EC44FD7E1A2ECDCF7851" box="[738,756,1284,1305]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">B</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9645EC44FF141A02CC6278CD" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E57236909645EC44FF141A02CC6278CD" blockId="1.[136,1452,1248,1413]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139645EC44FF141A02CEAB7875" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,400,1320,1341]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829645EC44FF141A02CEAB7875" box="[136,400,1320,1341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139645EC44FDA21A02CC2C7875" box="[574,791,1320,1341]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirtellus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829645EC44FDA21A02CC2C7875" box="[574,791,1320,1341]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Paepalanthus hirtellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its long, ascending stem and scapes arranged in a terminal umbel, but immediately distinguished by its leaves glabrescent on the abaxial surface, spathes glabrous, and mainly by the green involucral bracts linear to lanceolate surpassing the flowers in length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9645EC44FF141A9CCEB07547" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="description">
<paragraph id="E57236909645EC44FF141A9CCEB07547" blockId="1.[136,1453,1462,2063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
Perennial herbs,
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FEDA1A9CCEF87887" box="[326,451,1462,1487]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="cm" value="68.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="26.0">26–110 cm</quantity>
long. Stem elongated, 16.0–95.0 cm long, erect to ascending, covered by persistent and senescent leaves. Leaves spirally arranged along the stem, 3.0–9.0 ×
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FCE21AF0CCC778BB" box="[894,1020,1498,1523]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="cm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.6 cm</quantity>
, reflexed with age, linear to lanceolate, chartaceous, green, glabrescent on both surfaces, margin glabrous, apex acute. Sheaths tightly adpressed to scapes, 2.0–3.0 cm long, glabrous, margin ciliate, apex acute. Scapes 50–160 per fasciculate, umbel-shaped inflorescence, green, 6.0–
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FE94196CCE5A7B17" box="[264,353,1606,1631]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="cm" value="11.5">11.5 cm</quantity>
long, multicostate, pilose, trichomes ca.
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FCAA196CCC437B17" box="[822,888,1606,1631]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. Capitula hemispherical, white,
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FAB8196CCA977B17" box="[1316,1452,1606,1631]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="5.85" valueMax="7.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5–7.2 mm</quantity>
diam. Involucral bracts in 3 to 4 series, internal layers castaneous, lanceolate, 2.8–5.8 ×
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FBEC1940CBC17BCB" box="[1136,1274,1642,1667]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
, external layers green, linear to lanceolate, 3.2–6.9 ×
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FDB119A4CD8C7BEF" box="[557,695,1678,1703]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.4">0.4–1.2 mm</quantity>
, surpassing the flowers, all of them glabrescent on adaxial surface, pubescent in the central apical area, margin ciliate. Flowers 3–merous. Floral bracts lanceolate-elliptic, ca. 3.0 ×
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FACD1998CA9C7B83" box="[1361,1447,1714,1739]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate from the middle toward the obtuse apex, cream-colored to golden, membranaceous. Pistillate flowers 3.5–6.0 mm long, pedicel
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FDE419D0CC3B7A5B" box="[632,768,1786,1811]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
long; sepals obovate to lanceolate, ca. 3.0 mm long, cream-colored, glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate from the middle towards the obtuse apex; petals membranaceous, spatulate, ca. 2.0 mm long, cream-colored, hyaline, glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate towards the acute apex; gynoecium ca. 2.0 mm long, stigmatic branches bifid at the apex, 2× longer than the nectariferous branches; staminodes 3, scale– like. Fruits and seeds not seen. Staminate flowers 4.0–5.0 mm long; pedicel 0.8–1.0 mm long, with long trichomes; sepals free, lanceolate to obovate, 1.7 ×
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FDD41884CD9B7A8F" box="[584,672,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
, glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate toward the acuminate apex; corolla tubular, membranaceous, cream-colored, hyaline, 3-lobed, glabrous; stamens 2.0–
<quantity id="22359B759645EC44FB8818F8CB537AA3" box="[1044,1128,2002,2027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
long, anthers cream-colored; pistillodes 3, papillose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="B1B266189646EC47FF14183DCCB87AD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650673" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13650673" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13650673/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" startId="2.[136,229,1815,1836]" targetBox="[172,1423,187,1787]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E57236909646EC47FF14183DCCB87AD0" blockId="2.[136,1452,1815,1944]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829646EC47FF14183DCFC77A64" bold="true" box="[136,252,1815,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139646EC47FE9C183DCD3C7A64" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[256,519,1815,1836]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829646EC47FE9C183DCD3C7A64" box="[256,519,1815,1836]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A, B. Habit. C. Capitulum detail. D. Involucral bracts, abaxial surface, internal layers (castaneous) on the left side and external ones (green) on the right. E. Floral bract, abaxial surface. F. Complete pistillate flower with detail of the gynoecium. G. Gynoecium detail. H. Complete staminate flower with the corolla margin rolled inwards. I. Staminate flower with sepals removed and the corolla margin rolled inwards (
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829646EC47FDC418A9CC7B7AD0" box="[600,832,1923,1944]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Andrino, C.O. et al. 236</emphasis>
, SPF).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B1B266189647EC46FF14180ECB347A15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650677" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13650677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13650677/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" startId="3.[136,229,1828,1849]" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1800]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E57236909647EC46FF14180ECB347A15" blockId="3.[136,1452,1828,1885]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829647EC46FF14180ECFC57A71" bold="true" box="[136,254,1828,1849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139647EC46FE98180ECD367A71" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[260,525,1828,1849]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829647EC46FE98180ECD367A71" box="[260,525,1828,1849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habitat. B. Habitat detail. C. Flowering individuals. D. Inflorescence detail. E. Side view of the capitula. F. Capitula seen from above. (Photos A, B, D: E. Gomes; C, E, F: C.O. Andrino).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B1B266189640EC41FF141A20CA927857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650681" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13650681" box="[136,1449,1290,1311]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13650681/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" startId="4.[136,229,1290,1311]" targetBox="[177,1380,223,1205]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E57236909640EC41FF141A20CA927857" blockId="4.[136,1449,1290,1311]" box="[136,1449,1290,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF141A20CFCC7857" bold="true" box="[136,247,1290,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Occurrence area of
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FE5C1A20CDF27857" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[448,713,1290,1311]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FE5C1A20CDF27857" box="[448,713,1290,1311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red circle) and
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FCFB1A20CB7A7857" box="[871,1089,1290,1311]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirtellus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FCFB1A20CB7A7857" box="[871,1089,1290,1311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus hirtellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(blue circle) in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9640EC41FF211A65CDE878C4" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E57236909640EC41FF211A65CDE878C4" blockId="4.[136,1452,1359,2068]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF211A65CE737820" bold="true" box="[189,328,1359,1384]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The epithet
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FE771A65CD447820" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[491,639,1359,1384]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FE771A65CD447820" box="[491,639,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning “many stars”, refers to the star-shaped capitula combined into a multiple-inflorescence, resembling a constellation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9640EC41FF211ABDCB277BE4" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E57236909640EC41FF211ABDCB277BE4" blockId="4.[136,1452,1359,2068]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF211ABDCDB778F8" bold="true" box="[189,652,1431,1456]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Distribution, Habitat &amp; Conservation:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FD341ABDCCE578F8" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[680,990,1431,1456]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FD341ABDCCE578F8" box="[680,990,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a single population, with about 50 individuals, in the municipality of Botumirim,
<collectingRegion id="2709F8729640EC41FC9E1A91CCA0789C" box="[770,923,1467,1492]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
, SE
<collectingCountry id="9DDA76009640EC41FC531A91CB28789C" box="[975,1043,1467,1492]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="7DF62A159640EC41FBB81A91CB52789C" box="[1060,1129,1467,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1290,1311]" captionTargetBox="[177,1380,223,1205]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[151,1436,187,1262]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Occurrence area of Paepalanthus multistellaris (red circle) and Paepalanthus hirtellus (blue circle) in Minas Gerais, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13650681/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). It grows on seasonally wet sandy soils in a peculiar area where two distinctive vegetation
<typeStatus id="3A7688329640EC41FCCE1AF5CCB678B0" box="[850,909,1503,1528]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">types</typeStatus>
meet, the
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FB991AF5CBF278B0" box="[1029,1225,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">campos rupestres</emphasis>
and the
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FAB11AF5CAB878B0" box="[1325,1411,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">veredas</emphasis>
—a seasonally flooded area with the presence of the palm
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FD741929CB997B54" authority="Linnaeus (1782: 454" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1782" box="[744,1186,1539,1564]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cypraeidae" genus="Mauritia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FD741929CC8B7B54" box="[744,944,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Mauritia flexuosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FC2B1929CB997B54" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[951,1186,1539,1564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refId="ref3079" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1782) Supplementum Plantarum. Systematis Vegetabilum et Specierum plantarum. Impensis Orphanotrophei, Brunsvigae, 468 pp." type="book" year="1782">Linnaeus (1782: 454</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="7DF62A159640EC41FB321929CBC87B54" box="[1198,1267,1539,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1828,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-14@3.[151,1436,187,1800]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Paepalanthus multistellaris. A. Habitat. B. Habitat detail. C. Flowering individuals. D. Inflorescence detail. E. Side view of the capitula. F. Capitula seen from above. (Photos A, B, D: E. Gomes; C, E, F: C.O. Andrino)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13650677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13650677/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Its distribution is restricted to a very small and unprotected area not larger than
<quantity id="22359B759640EC41FCCC190DCCB27B08" box="[848,905,1575,1600]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
<superScript id="12B89BD89640EC41FC14190CCCAB7B7C" attach="left" box="[904,912,1574,1588]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">2</superScript>
that is prone to disturbance by human activities, such as fire and cattle grazing, and highly vulnerable to invasion of exotic grasses, such as
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FBF81961CE577BC0" authority="Palisot de Beauvois (1812: 54)" authorityName="Palisot de Beauvois" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1812" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Melinis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minutiflora">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FBF81961CA007B2C" box="[1124,1339,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Melinis minutiflora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FADC1961CE577BC0" author="Palisot de Beauvois, A. M. F. J." pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refId="ref3139" refString="Palisot de Beauvois, A. M. F. J. (1812) Essai d'une Nouvelle Agrostographie. Chez L'Auteur, Paris, 311 pp." type="book" year="1812">Palisot de Beauvois (1812: 54)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FE3E1945CCCF7BC0" authority="(Trinius 1826: 39) Grisebach (1853: 469)" authorityName="Grisebach" authorityPageNumber="469" authorityYear="1853" baseAuthorityName="Trinius" baseAuthorityPageNumber="39" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[418,1012,1647,1672]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Brachiaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FE3E1945CD267BC0" box="[418,541,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Brachiaria</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FDB71945CDDC7BC0" author="Trinius, C. B." box="[555,743,1647,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refId="ref3473" refString="Trinius, C. B. (1826) De Graminibus Paniceis. Academiae Imperialis Scientiarum, Petropoli, 289 pp." type="book" year="1826">Trinius 1826: 39</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FD6A1945CCCF7BC0" author="Grisebach, A." box="[758,1012,1647,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" pagination="324 - 484" refId="ref2862" refString="Grisebach, A. (1853) Gramineae. In: Ledebour, G. F. (Ed.) Flora Rossica, vol. 4 (14), Stuttgart, pp. 324 - 484." type="book chapter" year="1853">Grisebach (1853: 469)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. It is therefore categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), according to criteria B1ab + B2a of the IUCN Red List (2012).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9640EC41FF21199DCD487BBC" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E57236909640EC41FF21199DCD487BBC" blockId="4.[136,1452,1359,2068]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF21199DCDE97B98" bold="true" box="[189,722,1719,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
Additional specimen examined (
<typeStatus id="3A7688329640EC41FDCE199DCDFF7B98" box="[594,708,1719,1744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="9DDA76009640EC41FD73199DCC6C7B98" box="[751,855,1719,1744]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="2709F8729640EC41FCF5199DCB317B98" box="[873,1034,1719,1744]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: Botumirim, Várzea da Estiva,
<date id="917310509640EC41FA13199DCE067BBC" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="2015-12-01">01 December 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FED419F1CD3C7BBC" box="[328,519,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Costa et al. 1727</emphasis>
(DIAM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADD7651B9640EC40FF2119D5CC6E7F69" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E57236909640EC41FF2119D5CDEB7AE0" blockId="4.[136,1452,1359,2068]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF2119D5CE327A50" bold="true" box="[189,265,1791,1816]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Notes:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FEBA19D5CD677A50" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[294,604,1791,1816]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FEBA19D5CD677A50" box="[294,604,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed in
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FD6C19D5CC337A50" box="[752,776,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">P.</emphasis>
subsect.
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FCF319D5CB057A50" box="[879,1086,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Actinocephaloides</emphasis>
due to its trimerous flowers, an elongated and unbranched stem, and the fasciculate, umbel-shaped inflorescence usually inserted at the distal part of the stem.
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FF6A186DCD177A28" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[246,556,1863,1888]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF6A186DCD177A28" box="[246,556,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a robust species, easily distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FA8D186DCA907A28" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1834" box="[1297,1451,1863,1888]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FA8D186DCA907A28" box="[1297,1451,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its scapes arranged in an apical inflorescence and its green, lanceolate, outermost involucral bracts surpassing the flowers in length, an unusual character in the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E57236909640EC40FF211899CB387C01" blockId="4.[136,1452,1359,2068]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1452,160,545]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FF211899CE967A84" box="[189,429,1971,1996]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF211899CE967A84" box="[189,429,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schrader in
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FDD71899CC247A84" author="Schultes, J. A." box="[587,799,1971,1996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refId="ref3346" refString="Schultes, J. A. (1824) Mantissa in Volumen Secundum. Systematis Vegetabilium Caroli a Linne. Stuttgardtiae, Tubingae, 600 pp." type="book" year="1824">Schultes1824: 468</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FCAC1899CB3E7A84" author="Kunth, K. S." box="[816,1029,1971,1996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refId="ref3056" refString="Kunth, K. S. (1841) Enumeratio Plantarum Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum 3. Stuttgardtiae, Tubingae, 644 pp." type="book" year="1841">Kunth (1841: 512)</bibRefCitation>
and
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FBDC1899CA147A84" authority="Gardner" authorityName="Gardner" box="[1088,1327,1971,1996]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uncinatus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FBDC1899CBF17A84" box="[1088,1226,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">P. uncinatus</emphasis>
Gardner
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619640EC41FACB1899CE327AB8" author="Hooker, W. J." pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refId="ref2672" refString="Hooker, W. J. (1843) Icones plantarum or figures, with brief descriptive characters and remarks, of new or rare plants, selected from the author's herbarium 6. London, 600 pp." type="book" year="1843">Hooker (1843: 523)</bibRefCitation>
also have green involucral bracts surpassing the flowers. These two species are, however, quite distinct from
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FF1418D1CE02755C" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,313,2043,2068]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FF1418D1CE02755C" box="[136,313,2043,2068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">P. multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and are placed into different infrageneric groups within the genus.
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139640EC41FBA318D1CA15755C" box="[1087,1326,2043,2068]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifidus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829640EC41FBA318D1CA15755C" box="[1087,1326,2043,2068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Paepalanthus bifidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FF141F8ACF9B7DF1" box="[136,160,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P.</emphasis>
subsect.
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FE981F8ACEA57DF1" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1834" box="[260,414,160,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FE981F8ACEA57DF1" box="[260,414,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paepalanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FE321F8ACD607DF1" box="[430,603,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
=
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FE211F8ACD607DF1" authorityName="Martius" authorityYear="1834" box="[445,603,160,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Paepalanthus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
[unranked]
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FD7F1F8ACCA27DF1" box="[739,921,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Eupaepalanthus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619641EC40FC3C1F8ACB4C7DF1" author="Ruhland, W." box="[928,1143,160,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 294" refId="ref3167" refString="Ruhland, W. (1903) Eriocaulaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich. Regni vegetabilis conspectus IV. 30. Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany, pp. 1 - 294." type="book chapter" year="1903">Ruhland 1903: 123</bibRefCitation>
) ser.
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FB2F1F8ACA7E7DF1" box="[1203,1349,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Leptocephali</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619641EC40FAD01F8ACE2B7D95" author="Ruhland, W." pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="1 - 294" refId="ref3167" refString="Ruhland, W. (1903) Eriocaulaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich. Regni vegetabilis conspectus IV. 30. Engelmann, Leipzig, Germany, pp. 1 - 294." type="book chapter" year="1903">Ruhland (1903: 152)</bibRefCitation>
, and is an annual herb of very gracile habit, of only about
<quantity id="22359B759641EC40FC261FEECB3A7D95" box="[954,1025,196,221]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
in height.
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FBE31FEECAAB7D95" box="[1151,1424,196,221]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uncinatus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FBE31FEECAAB7D95" box="[1151,1424,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paepalanthus uncinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed within
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FEB91FC2CE057C49" box="[293,318,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P.</emphasis>
subg.
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FE1E1FC2CEE47C49" box="[386,479,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Xeractis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619641EC40FE7A1FC2CDDE7C49" author="Koernicke, F." box="[486,741,232,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="271 - 508" refId="ref3005" refString="Koernicke, F. (1863) Eriocaulaceae. In: Martius, K. F. P. &amp; Eichler, A. W. (Eds.) Flora Brasiliensis, vol. 3 (1). Typographia Regia, Munich, pp. 271 - 508." type="book chapter" year="1863">Koernicke (1863: 308)</bibRefCitation>
, and can be distinguished by the fewer (up to 11 per cohort) and longer (
<quantity id="22359B759641EC40FF421E26CE747C6D" box="[222,335,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 cm</quantity>
long) scapes, emerging from the leaf axil. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FC2B1E26CB047C6D" box="[951,1087,268,293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uncinatus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FC2B1E26CB047C6D" box="[951,1087,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. uncinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the staminate flower corolla internally hairy, an exclusive characteristic of the subgenus to which it belongs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E57236909641EC40FF211E7ECC6E7F69" blockId="5.[136,1452,160,545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FF211E7ECDFE7C25" authority="Trovo et al. (2011: 26)" authorityName="Trovo" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="2011" box="[189,709,340,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirtellus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FF211E7ECE877C25" box="[189,444,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Paepalanthus hirtellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="815C4B619641EC40FE5F1E7ECDFE7C25" author="Trovo, M. &amp; Echternacht, L. &amp; Sano, P. T." box="[451,709,340,365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" pagination="26 - 32" refId="ref3495" refString="Trovo, M., Echternacht, L. &amp; Sano, P. T. (2011) Paepalanthus hirtellus, a new species of Paepalanthus subsection Actinocephaloides (Eriocaulaceae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phytotaxa 15 (1): 26 - 32. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 15.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">
Trovó
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FD921E7ECD7D7C25" box="[526,582,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 26)
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, also known from a single population in the municipality of Santo Antonio do Itambé,
<collectingRegion id="2709F8729641EC40FEFB1E52CD037CD9" box="[359,568,376,401]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Minas Gerais state</collectingRegion>
, is the species most similar morphologically to
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FBD91E52CBC07CD9" box="[1093,1275,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FBD91E52CBCC7CD9" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[1093,1271,376,401]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">P. multistellaris</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Both are robust herbs with erect to ascending, unbranched stems and fasciculate scapes. The sizes of leaves and scapes are also very similar in these species. Besides the green involucral bracts surpassing the flowers in length,
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FB351EEACA617C91" authorityName="Andrino &amp; Sano" authorityYear="2016" box="[1193,1370,448,473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multistellaris">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FB351EEACA617C91" box="[1193,1370,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. multistellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="22CD4D139641EC40FEF91ECECEE47CB5" box="[357,479,484,509]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Paepalanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirtellus">
<emphasis id="D7B9EA829641EC40FEF91ECECEE47CB5" box="[357,479,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">P. hirtellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its leaves glabrescent on the abaxial surface (vs. hirtellous), spathes glabrous (vs. hirtellous), and involucral bracts linear to lanceolate (vs. ovate).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink