461 lines
72 KiB
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461 lines
72 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3A4D596199B31FAD5EAE501524002D97">Late Miocene bovids from Şerefköy- 2 (SW Turkey) and their position within the sub-Paratethyan biogeographic province</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0738107A24FD2D2B26972710A87DD4CB">Kostopoulos, Dimitris S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="6471BC2BC221FF96FFEAFE35030916BD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10989541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10989541" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6471BC2BC221FF96FFEAFE35030916BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6471BC2BC221FF96FFEAFE35030916BD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="A4C25EB6C221FF9AFFEAFE3503EB15DB" box="[98,693,448,477]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFFEAFE3503EB15DB" blockId="7.[98,693,448,477]" box="[98,693,448,477]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<heading id="B72FBA51C221FF9AFFEAFE3503EB15DB" box="[98,693,448,477]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC221FF9AFFEAFE3503EB15DB" authority="(Andree, 1926)" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[98,693,448,477]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DEACD12FC221FF9AFFEAFE35005515DB" box="[98,267,448,477]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="DEACD12FC221FF9AFEB3FE3500B715DB" box="[315,489,448,477]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
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(Andree, 1926)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A4C25EB6C221FF96FFEAFE18030916BD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFFEAFE1801901604" blockId="7.[98,206,493,514]" box="[98,206,493,514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFFEAFE1801941604" box="[98,202,493,514]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[151,184,1760,1780]" captionStartId-1="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionStartId-2="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox-0="[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetBox-1="[100,1480,161,832]" captionTargetBox-2="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId-0="figure-137@8.[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetId-1="figure-156@9.[100,1481,161,832]" captionTargetId-2="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="Fig. 8. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). Partial skull (MYŞE PV-547) in anterior (A), posterior (B), lateral (C), and ventral (D) views." captionText-1="Fig. 9. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Frontlet (MYŞE PV-1571) in anterior view. B. Female frontlet (MYŞE PV-1576) in anterior (B1) and lateral (B2) views." captionText-2="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626305" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626307" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10626305/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10626307/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Figs. 8–10</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFFEAFDE103D0117A" blockId="7.[98,771,532,1404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="DEACD12FC221FF9AFFEAFDE101971628" box="[98,201,532,558]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Material.</emphasis>
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—MYŞE PV-547, partial cranium with horn cores; MYŞE PV-1571, 1576, female frontlet; MYŞE PV-1570, left female horn core; MYŞE PV-1575, right horn core; MYŞE PV-1579, partial left female horn core; MYŞE PV-2606, partial female horn core; MYŞE PV-1309, palate; MYŞE PV-1512, PV-1516, PV-2570, right upper tooth row with P2–M3; MYŞE PV-1513, PV-1514, PV-1515, right upper tooth row with P3–M3; MYŞE PV-1622, right upper tooth row with M1–M3; MYŞE PV-1491, right upper tooth row with M2– M3; MYŞE PV-1523, right M3; MYŞE PV-1520, PV-1521, left upper tooth row with M2–M3; MYŞE PV-1519, left upper tooth row with P2–M2; MYŞE PV-1525, left upper tooth row with P4–M1; MYŞE PV-2571, left upper tooth row with P3–M3; MYŞE PV-1410, left upper tooth row with M1–M3; MYŞE PV-1517, left M2–M3; MYŞE PV-1312, left upper tooth row with P2–P4; MYŞE PV-1315, left M3; MYŞE PV-1434, PV-1436, PV-1313, M1 or M2; MYŞE PV-1532, left P2; MYŞE PV-1510, PV-1542, PV-2560, right mandibular body with p2–m3; MYŞE PV-1541, right mandibular body with p3–m3; MYŞE PV-2551, right mandibular body with p4–m2; MYŞE PV-2568, right mandibular body with m1–m3; MYŞE PV-1546, left mandibular body with m2–m3; MYŞE PV-1543, PV-1544, PV-2554, PV-2566, left mandibular ramus with p2–m3; MYŞE PV-1540, left mandibular ramus with p4–m3; MYŞE PV-2001, left mandibular ramus with p3–m1; MYŞE PV-1156, left mandibular ramus with m2–m3.All from Şerefköy-2,
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<collectingCountry id="94CF4DADC221FF9AFF60FA960069117A" box="[232,311,1379,1404]" name="Turkey" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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, Late Turolian (Late Miocene).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFFEAFA7805851698" blockId="7.[98,771,1421,1545]" lastBlockId="7.[808,1482,159,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="DEACD12FC221FF9AFFEAFA7801B311A0" box="[98,237,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Description.</emphasis>
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—This is by far the most abundant bovid found at Şerefköy-2 and represented by at least 10 individuals. The opisthocranium is high, narrow, dolichocephalic (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC221FF9AFFEAFA050033120F" author="Bosscha-Erdbrink, D. P." box="[98,365,1520,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref12653" refString="Bosscha-Erdbrink, D. P. 1978. Fossil Ovibovinae from Garkin near Afyon, Turkey. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen B 81: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1978">Bosscha-Erdbrink 1978</bibRefCitation>
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) and has a straight dorsal profile in lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFC34FF6A054D14BE" box="[956,1043,159,184]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,184,1760,1780]" captionTargetBox="[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-137@8.[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). Partial skull (MYŞE PV-547) in anterior (A), posterior (B), lateral (C), and ventral (D) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626305/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="A15A3886C221FF9AFB97FF6A052814BE" box="[1055,1142,159,184]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="7.[97,150,1570,1591]" captionTargetId="graphics-889@7.[98,1481,1697,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 4. Cranial and horn core measurements (in mm) of Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey).APD, anteroposterior diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Lfpo, sagittal length from the frontoparietal suture to the occipital protuberance; TD, transverse diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Watbc, width of the skull at the anterior tuberosities of the basioccipital; Wbrc, maximum width of the braincase; Wptbc, width of the skull at the posterior tuberosities of the basioccipital. sin, left; dex, right." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" tableUuid="B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289">Table 4</tableCitation>
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). The temporal lines are moderately developed and run parallel to each other posteriorly. In posterior view, the occiput is triangular and bears a sharp occipital crest (
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFC55FEF40503151C" box="[989,1117,257,282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,184,1760,1780]" captionTargetBox="[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-137@8.[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). Partial skull (MYŞE PV-547) in anterior (A), posterior (B), lateral (C), and ventral (D) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626305/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Fig. 8B, C</figureCitation>
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) that ends dorsally in a strong protuberance surrounded by deep scars. The nuchal crest is well developed. The mastoid faces posterolaterally and the paroccipital process is large and flattened. In lateral view, the occipital condyles project posteroventrally, thus forming a very acute angle with the occipital level. The basioccipital is long, relatively narrow and bears a shallow, narrow longitudinal groove (
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFC79FE16051215FA" box="[1009,1100,483,508]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,184,1760,1780]" captionTargetBox="[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-137@8.[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). Partial skull (MYŞE PV-547) in anterior (A), posterior (B), lateral (C), and ventral (D) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626305/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
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). The sharp and prominent (crestlike) posterior tuberosities of the basioccipital are oriented perpendicular to the sagittal plane, whereas the weak anterior tuberosities are oriented anteroposteriorly. The oval foramen faces laterally. The preserved outline of the auditory bulla indicates that it was large and bulbous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFCC6FD53047F1025" blockId="7.[808,1482,159,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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The frontal contains large sinuses, one of which occupies the pedicle and even reaches the base of the horn core. There is no postcornual fossa. The horn core, inserted above the orbit, is sabre-like without keels or torsion (
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFB7BFCF2042B1726" box="[1267,1397,775,800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,184,1760,1780]" captionTargetBox="[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-137@8.[252,1433,159,1735]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). Partial skull (MYŞE PV-547) in anterior (A), posterior (B), lateral (C), and ventral (D) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626305/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Figs. 8A, C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFA08FCF204FB1726" box="[1408,1445,775,800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[100,1480,161,832]" captionTargetId="figure-156@9.[100,1481,161,832]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Frontlet (MYŞE PV-1571) in anterior view. B. Female frontlet (MYŞE PV-1576) in anterior (B1) and lateral (B2) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626307/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">9A</figureCitation>
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). It is moderately long, moderately curved posteriorly in lateral view and strongly compressed mediolaterally along its entire length (TD × 100/APD at the base: 40–57, n = 5;
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<tableCitation id="A15A3886C221FF9AFAC1FC9D04C01787" box="[1353,1438,872,897]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="7.[97,150,1570,1591]" captionTargetId="graphics-889@7.[98,1481,1697,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 4. Cranial and horn core measurements (in mm) of Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey).APD, anteroposterior diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Lfpo, sagittal length from the frontoparietal suture to the occipital protuberance; TD, transverse diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Watbc, width of the skull at the anterior tuberosities of the basioccipital; Wbrc, maximum width of the braincase; Wptbc, width of the skull at the posterior tuberosities of the basioccipital. sin, left; dex, right." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" tableUuid="B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289">Table 4</tableCitation>
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). In cross section, the horn core forms an elongated ellipse, which becomes narrower towards the tip. A deep furrow occasionally runs along the upper half of the posterior surface, and, in combination with the strong mediolateral compression, may give the impression of a distal posterior keel.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFCC6FBDF04FF11AE" blockId="7.[808,1482,159,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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Two frontlets and three horn core specimens (MYŞE PV-1570, PV-1571, PV-1576, PV-1579, and PV-2606;
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<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFAF2FBBE049E1062" box="[1402,1472,1099,1124]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[100,1480,161,832]" captionTargetId="figure-156@9.[100,1481,161,832]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Frontlet (MYŞE PV-1571) in anterior view. B. Female frontlet (MYŞE PV-1576) in anterior (B1) and lateral (B2) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626307/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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) likely represent female individuals. The supraorbital foramen is large and round, and placed far anterior to the pedicle. The interfrontal suture is open and simple in outline. The horn core is thin and long (~
|
||
<quantity id="2B20A0D8C221FF9AFBF2FB38058310E0" box="[1146,1245,1229,1254]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and inserted above the back of the orbit. It is far removed from its counterpart, weakly curved posteriorly and barely twisted homonymously (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFCC5FADB02FB1141" box="[845,933,1326,1351]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[100,1480,161,832]" captionTargetId="figure-156@9.[100,1481,161,832]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Frontlet (MYŞE PV-1571) in anterior view. B. Female frontlet (MYŞE PV-1576) in anterior (B1) and lateral (B2) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626307/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In cross section, the horn core is elliptical at the base but becomes more compressed mediolaterally towards the tip (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A15A3886C221FF9AFCF4FA9A028A118E" box="[892,980,1391,1416]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="7.[97,150,1570,1591]" captionTargetId="graphics-889@7.[98,1481,1697,1952]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 4. Cranial and horn core measurements (in mm) of Skoufotragus cf. Sk.schlosseri from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey).APD, anteroposterior diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Lfpo, sagittal length from the frontoparietal suture to the occipital protuberance; TD, transverse diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Watbc, width of the skull at the anterior tuberosities of the basioccipital; Wbrc, maximum width of the braincase; Wptbc, width of the skull at the posterior tuberosities of the basioccipital. sin, left; dex, right." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" tableUuid="B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). In anterior view, the divergence of the horn cores is weak up to their mid-height, but stronger above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF97FCC6FA45036C1686" blockId="7.[808,1482,159,1545]" lastBlockId="10.[151,825,160,640]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The premolars are moderately long compared to the molars, with upper and lower premolar/molar ratios of 59.6– 65.6% (n = 5) and 60.3–66.6% (n = 4), respectively (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C221FF9AFAFAFA05049A120F" box="[1394,1476,1520,1545]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
, SOM 3:
|
||
<tableCitation id="A15A3886C22EFF95FF74F8D800051340" box="[252,347,1837,1862]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[151,204,1665,1686]" captionTargetId="graphics-510@2.[151,824,1792,1951]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Horn core measurements (in mm) of Gazella cf. capricornis from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey). TD, transverse diameter at the base and at 7 cm above the base; APD, anteroposterior diameter at the base and at 7 cm above the base." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B8A75DB5C224FF9FFF1FF974003F12E8" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" tableUuid="B8A75DB5C224FF9FFF1FF974003F12E8">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A15A3886C22EFF95FEE4F8D800221340" box="[364,380,1837,1862]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[96,149,1664,1685]" captionTargetId="graphics-675@3.[98,1339,1761,1952]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of Gazella cf. G. capricornis from Şerefköy-2 with G. cf. G. capricornis from different localities and with G. capricornis from Pikermi. Data are from Kostopoulos (2005, 2009a) and Kostopoulos and Bernor (2011). APD, anteroposterior diameter; L M/m, length of upper/lower molar row; L P/p, length of upper/lower premolar row; TD, transverse diameter at the base and at 7 cm above the base." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B8A75DB5C225FF9EFFE8F975040C12C9" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" tableUuid="B8A75DB5C225FF9EFFE8F975040C12C9">2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The upper molars have strong styles, bear a fossetta (central islet) and lack entostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22EFF95FD43F8B8018E1381" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 10A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). P2 is bilobed lingually, whereas P3 has a trapezoidal occlusal outline. Both have a strong anterolabial cone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22EFF95FC83F87A02CC1340" box="[779,914,1837,1960]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The protocone of M1 protrudes lingually. The metastyle of M3 is strong and, in
|
||
<specimenCount id="FADEC6B4C22EFF95FB1CF8B804751360" box="[1172,1323,1869,1894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="8AC995F8C22EFF95FAB0F8B804D91360" box="[1336,1415,1869,1894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">MYŞE</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="BC7EA546C22EFF95FA05F8B804AD1360" box="[1421,1523,1869,1894]" collectionCode="PV-" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">PV-1622</specimenCode>
|
||
), flares distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22EFF95FB82F89B052B1381" box="[1034,1141,1902,1927]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mandibular body is shallow and long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22EFF95FC44F87A056F13AE" box="[972,1073,1935,1960]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). On the labial face, a second mental foramen appears below p3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22CFF97FE2CFF55035214BF" box="[420,524,160,185]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The p2 is simple without an anterior conid, but with a strong mesolingual conid and anterior stylid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22CFF97FEC1FF14008C14FC" box="[329,466,225,250]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The p3 has a well-developed anterior conid and stylid, which become fused together with wear. The mesolingual conid of p3 is oriented parallel to the posterolingual conid, which in turn fuses with the weaker and posterolingually directed posterior stylid during early wear (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22CFF97FF17FE76007F159A" box="[159,289,387,412]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The p4 resembles p3, but has an anteroposteriorly developed mesolingual conid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22CFF97FD95FE5103DC15BB" box="[541,642,420,445]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" captionTargetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-169@9.[99,1480,936,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl Skoufotragus cf. Sk. schlosseri (Andree, 1926) from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). A. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view. B. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view. C. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view. D. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view. E. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view. F. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lower molars have a strong meta- and mesostylids, but both elements disappear with wear. There is no anterior cingulid. A basal pillar appears on 5 out of
|
||
<quantity id="2B20A0D8C22CFF97FE33FDF000A71618" box="[443,505,517,542]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="13.0">
|
||
<elevation id="67F5EA0EC22CFF97FE33FDF000A71618" box="[443,505,517,542]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
1s, and 3 out of
|
||
<quantity id="2B20A0D8C22CFF97FD24FDF003B71618" box="[684,745,517,542]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="13.0">
|
||
<elevation id="67F5EA0EC22CFF97FD24FDF003B71618" box="[684,745,517,542]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
2s. The third lobe of m3 is labially displaced and has an elongated, semicircular occlusal outline; it bears a strong posterolingual stylid on the upper half of the crown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" ID-Table-UUID="B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B8A75DB5C221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" startId="7.[97,150,1570,1591]" targetBox="[105,1438,1705,1949]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFFE9F9D705161289" blockId="7.[97,1481,1570,1679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Table 4. Cranial and horn core measurements (in mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC221FF9AFDF4F9D703A51231" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[636,763,1570,1591]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC221FF9AFDF4F9D703A51231" box="[636,763,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC221FF9AFC95F9D702C01231" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[797,926,1570,1591]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC221FF9AFC95F9D702C01231" box="[797,926,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey).APD, anteroposterior diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Lfpo, sagittal length from the frontoparietal suture to the occipital protuberance; TD, transverse diameter at the base and at 10 cm above the base; Watbc, width of the skull at the anterior tuberosities of the basioccipital; Wbrc, maximum width of the braincase; Wptbc, width of the skull at the posterior tuberosities of the basioccipital. sin, left; dex, right.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC221FF9AFF16F95C020D139B" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<table id="9ED8FF9DC2210062FFE1F95C04C0139B" box="[105,1438,1705,1949]" gridcols="9" gridrows="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F95C04C012B8" box="[105,1438,1705,1726]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F95C006E12B8" box="[105,304,1705,1726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Specimen</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FED5F95C00F612B8" box="[349,424,1705,1726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">TDbase</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FE6FF95C031C12B8" box="[487,578,1705,1726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">APDbase</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FD02F95C039C12B8" box="[650,706,1705,1726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">TD10</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FC9CF95C020212B8" box="[788,860,1705,1726]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">APD10</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FC27F95C02BB12B8" box="[943,997,1705,1726]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Lfpo</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FBC9F95C052912B8" box="[1089,1143,1705,1726]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Wbrc</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FB46F95C045012B8" box="[1230,1294,1705,1726]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Wptbc</th>
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FAE9F95C04C012B8" box="[1377,1438,1705,1726]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Watbc</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F93C04C012D8" box="[105,1438,1737,1758]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F93C006E12D8" box="[105,304,1737,1758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-547 dex</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F93C00F612D8" box="[349,424,1737,1758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">29.29</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF93C031C12D8" box="[487,578,1737,1758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">58.84</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F93C039C12D8" box="[650,706,1737,1758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">20.29</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF93C020212D8" box="[788,860,1737,1758]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">37.22</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC27F93C02BB12D8" box="[943,997,1737,1758]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">65.13</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FBC9F93C052912D8" box="[1089,1143,1737,1758]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">61.69</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FB46F93C045012D8" box="[1230,1294,1737,1758]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">35.85</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FAE9F93C04C012D8" box="[1377,1438,1737,1758]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">19.94</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F91C04C012F8" box="[105,1438,1769,1790]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F91C006E12F8" box="[105,304,1769,1790]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-547 sin</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F91C00F612F8" box="[349,424,1769,1790]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">32.2</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF91C031C12F8" box="[487,578,1769,1790]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">55.52</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F91C039C12F8" box="[650,706,1769,1790]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">22.6</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF91C020212F8" box="[788,860,1769,1790]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">38.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F8FC04C01318" box="[105,1438,1801,1822]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F8FC006E1318" box="[105,304,1801,1822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-1571 dex</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F8FC00F61318" box="[349,424,1801,1822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">34</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF8FC031C1318" box="[487,578,1801,1822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">59.5</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F8FC039C1318" box="[650,706,1801,1822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">22.56</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF8FC02021318" box="[788,860,1801,1822]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">43.36</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F8DD04C0133B" box="[105,1438,1832,1853]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F8DD006E133B" box="[105,304,1832,1853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-1575 dex</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F8DD00F6133B" box="[349,424,1832,1853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">33.36</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF8DD031C133B" box="[487,578,1832,1853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">61.38</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F8DD039C133B" box="[650,706,1832,1853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">22.58</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF8DD0202133B" box="[788,860,1832,1853]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">39.84</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F8BD04C0135B" box="[105,1438,1864,1885]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F8BD006E135B" box="[105,304,1864,1885]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-1570 sin</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F8BD00F6135B" box="[349,424,1864,1885]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">25.92</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF8BD031C135B" box="[487,578,1864,1885]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">64.9</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F8BD039C135B" box="[650,706,1864,1885]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">22.65</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF8BD0202135B" box="[788,860,1864,1885]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">45.54</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F89D04C0137B" box="[105,1438,1896,1917]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F89D006E137B" box="[105,304,1896,1917]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-1576 dex</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F89D00F6137B" box="[349,424,1896,1917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">22.42</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF89D031C137B" box="[487,578,1896,1917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">26.64</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F89D039C137B" box="[650,706,1896,1917]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">11.18</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF89D0202137B" box="[788,860,1896,1917]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">14.69</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="52E80F7FC2210062FFE1F87D04C0139B" box="[105,1438,1928,1949]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="11396603C2210062FFE1F87D006E139B" box="[105,304,1928,1949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">MYŞE PV-1576 sin</th>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FED5F87D00F6139B" box="[349,424,1928,1949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">23.16</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FE6FF87D031C139B" box="[487,578,1928,1949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">26.77</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FD02F87D039C139B" box="[650,706,1928,1949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">9.77</td>
|
||
<td id="11396603C2210062FC9CF87D0202139B" box="[788,860,1928,1949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">13.95</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B8A75DB5C22EFF95FF1FF91502721316" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626305/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" startId="8.[151,184,1760,1780]" targetBox="[252,1433,159,1735]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22EFF95FF1FF91502721316" blockId="8.[151,1535,1759,1809]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Fig. 8. The bovid artiodactyl
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22EFF95FE13F92A034D12F2" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[411,531,1759,1780]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22EFF95FE13F92A034D12F2" box="[411,531,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22EFF95FDBBF92A026512F2" authority="(Andree, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[563,827,1759,1780]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22EFF95FDBBF92A03F312F2" box="[563,685,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
(Andree, 1926)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene). Partial skull (MYŞE PV-547) in anterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22EFF95FEDCF90E003A1316" bold="true" box="[340,356,1787,1808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
), posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22EFF95FE5DF90E00BA1316" bold="true" box="[469,484,1787,1808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
), lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22EFF95FDB5F90E03131317" bold="true" box="[573,589,1787,1809]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
), and ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22EFF95FD5BF90E03BD1316" bold="true" box="[723,739,1787,1808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
|
||
) views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B8A75DB5C22FFF94FFEAFCAC055B178F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626307/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" startId="9.[98,131,857,877]" targetBox="[100,1480,161,832]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22FFF94FFEAFCAC055B178F" blockId="9.[98,1481,855,910]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Fig. 9. The bovid artiodactyl
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22FFF94FEEFFCA20081176A" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[359,479,855,876]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FEEFFCA20081176A" box="[359,479,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22FFF94FD88FCA20254176B" authority="(Andree, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[512,778,855,877]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FD88FCA20325176A" box="[512,635,855,876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
(Andree, 1926)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene).
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FA92FCA20474176A" bold="true" box="[1306,1322,855,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Frontlet (MYŞE PV-1571) in anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FED0FC810039178F" bold="true" box="[344,359,884,905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Female frontlet (MYŞE PV-1576) in anterior (B
|
||
<subScript id="705C0F78C22FFF94FCAEFC7702731788" attach="left" box="[806,813,898,910]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">1</subScript>
|
||
) and lateral (B
|
||
<subScript id="705C0F78C22FFF94FC3EFC7702E31788" attach="left" box="[950,957,898,910]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">2</subScript>
|
||
) views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B8A75DB5C22FFF94FFEAF8CC021913A7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10626309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10626309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10626309/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" startId="9.[98,131,1849,1869]" targetBox="[99,1479,936,1822]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22FFF94FFEAF8CC021913A7" blockId="9.[98,1481,1848,1953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Fig. 10. The bovid artiodactyl
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22FFF94FEFCF8CD00B2134B" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[372,492,1848,1869]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FEFCF8CD00B2134B" box="[372,492,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22FFF94FD85F8CD0246134B" authority="(Andree, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[525,792,1848,1869]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FD85F8CD03D7134B" box="[525,649,1848,1869]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
(Andree, 1926)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Şerefköy-2 (Turkey), Late Turolian (Late Miocene).
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FAA2F8CD0464134B" bold="true" box="[1322,1338,1848,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Palate (MYŞE PV-1309) in occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FED3F8A10034136F" bold="true" box="[347,362,1876,1897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Left upper tooth row P2–M3 (MYŞE PV-1312) in buccal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FC3CF8A1029A136C" bold="true" box="[948,964,1876,1898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Right upper tooth row M1–M3 (MYŞE PV-1622) in occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FF58F88501BE1383" bold="true" box="[208,224,1904,1925]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FCECF885022D1383" bold="true" box="[868,883,1904,1925]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Left mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1544) in occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22FFF94FF1FF87901FB13A7" bold="true" box="[151,165,1932,1953]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Right mandibular ramus with p2–m3 (MYŞE PV-1510) in occlusal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FF1FFD6504F11057" blockId="10.[151,824,656,1333]" lastBlockId="10.[862,1535,1048,1334]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FF1FFD6501A716AC" box="[151,249,656,682]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.—Protoryxoid bovids appear in the Eastern Mediterranean area as early as the Late Astaracian (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FD62FD47018A16EA" author="Gentry, A. W." pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="65 - 83" refId="ref13000" refString="Gentry, A. W. 2000. Caprinae and Hippotragini (Bovidae, Mammalia) in the upper Miocene. In: E. S. Vbra and G. B. Schaller (eds.), Antelopes, Deer and Relatives: Fossil Record, Behavioral Ecology, Systematics and Conservation, 65 - 83. Yale University Press, New Haven." type="book chapter" year="2000">Gentry 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although they remained rare during the Vallesian, they strongly radiated and dispersed during the Turolian, especially in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94CF4DADC22CFF97FEA3FCE100D5172B" box="[299,395,788,813]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent territories. They include small to medium-sized antelopes of caprine/hippotragine cranial appearance, but their taxonomy and evolutionary relationships remain debated.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FE70FC8303B41789" author="Kostopoulos, D. S." box="[504,746,886,911]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref13709" refString="Kostopoulos, D. S. 2009 a. The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos (2009a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
partly revised the Turolian protoryxoids from SE Europe assigned to the so-called “
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FEE8FC40030617C9" box="[352,600,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FEE8FC40009F17C9" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[352,449,949,975]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Protoryx</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FE46FC40030617C9" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[462,600,949,975]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pachytragus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
complex” and recognised two distinct genera:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FE5CFC23039A17F6" authority="Major, 1891" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[468,708,982,1008]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FE5CFC23036917E9" box="[468,567,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Protoryx</emphasis>
|
||
Major, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FD70FC2000911017" authority="Kostopoulos, 2009" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FD70FC2001AA1016" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
Kostopoulos, 2009
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(= partim
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FDCDFC03038D1016" authorityName="Schlosser" authorityYear="1904" box="[581,723,1014,1040]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FDCDFC03038D1016" box="[581,723,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Pachytragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schlosser, 1904). The Şerefköy-
|
||
<specimenCount id="FADEC6B4C22CFF97FE22FBED036C1037" box="[426,562,1048,1073]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FD2CFBE302661036" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[676,824,1046,1072]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FD2CFBE302661036" box="[676,824,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their dental morphology and in having (i) a narrow, long braincase with a straight dorsal profile and parallel sides, (ii) a triangular occiput and (iii) a sabre-like, mediolaterally compressed and uprightly inserted horn core (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FD48FB6F001610D2" author="Kostopoulos, D. S." pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref13709" refString="Kostopoulos, D. S. 2009 a. The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos 2009a: 364</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FEE8FB4C00AA10D5" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[352,500,1209,1235]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FEE8FB4C00AA10D5" box="[352,500,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from the Turkish Late Miocene assemblages of Kinik (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FDB3FB2F039B10F2" box="[571,709,1242,1268]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FDB3FB2F03C010F5" box="[571,670,1242,1267]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Protoryx</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FD62FB2E018D1113" author="Kohler, M." pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="133 - 246" refId="ref13646" refString="Kohler, M. 1987. Boviden des Turkischen Miozans (Kanozoikum und Braunkohlen der Turkei). Paleontologia i evolucio 28: 133 - 246." type="journal article" year="1987">Köhler 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Kemiklitepe-A (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FE14FB0E03021112" box="[412,604,1274,1300]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FE14FB0E03021112" box="[412,604,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Protoryx laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FD09FB0902721113" author="Bouvrain, G." box="[641,812,1276,1301]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="175 - 209" refId="ref12685" refString="Bouvrain, G. 1994. Les gisements de mammiferes du Miocene superieur de Kemiklitepe, Turquie: 9. Bovidae. Bulletin du Mus e um National d'Histoire Naturelle 4, sect. C. 16 (1): 175 - 209." type="journal article" year="1994">Bouvrain 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Akkaşdağı (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FED0FAEE03251132" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1860" box="[344,635,1307,1333]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Pachytragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FED0FAEE03251132" box="[344,635,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Pachytragus crassicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Kostopoulos2005), as well as from Samos,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94CF4DADC22CFF97FB4DFBED044A1037" box="[1221,1300,1048,1073]" name="Greece" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Maragheh,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94CF4DADC22CFF97FA59FBED04A01037" box="[1489,1534,1048,1073]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FCEDFBCD051C1057" author="Kostopoulos, D. S." box="[869,1090,1080,1105]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref13709" refString="Kostopoulos, D. S. 2009 a. The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22CFF97FBC6FBCD04FD1057" author="Kostopoulos, D. S. & Bernor, R. L." box="[1102,1443,1080,1105]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="649 - 708" refId="ref13818" refString="Kostopoulos, D. S. and Bernor, R. L. 2011. The Maragheh bovids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla): systematic revision and biostratigraphic-zoogeographic interpretation. Geodiversitas 33: 649 - 708." type="journal article" year="2011">Kostopoulos and Bernor 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FCFDFD1402AD16F3" box="[885,1011,737,757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FC70FD14051E16F3" box="[1016,1088,737,757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">laticeps</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FB1FFD14046216F3" box="[1175,1340,737,757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FB1FFD14046216F3" box="[1175,1340,737,757]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FB1FFD14044B16F3" box="[1175,1301,737,757]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FA09FD2A04A116F5" box="[1409,1535,735,755]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FA09FD2A04A116F5" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[1409,1535,735,755]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FA09FD2A04A116F5" box="[1409,1535,735,755]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FC07FD0B04641717" box="[911,1338,765,786]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Samos Maragheh Kemiklitepe-A</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FA09FD0205BA1728" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FA09FD0204A4170D" box="[1409,1530,759,779]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">zemalisorum</emphasis>
|
||
Kinik
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FA2EFCE604B61721" box="[1446,1512,787,807]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Samos</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FCFCFCDE05091739" box="[884,1111,811,831]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FCFCFCDE05091739" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[884,1111,811,831]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FCFCFCDE05091739" box="[884,1111,811,831]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FC18FCB20501175D" box="[912,1119,839,859]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Samos Akkasdagi</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FB1FFCB1041A175E" box="[1175,1348,836,856]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FB1FFCB1041A175E" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[1175,1348,836,856]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FB1FFCB1041A175E" box="[1175,1348,836,856]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Protoryx carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FC07FC9602A81771" box="[911,1014,867,887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Şerefköy-2</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FB32FC95045F1772" box="[1210,1281,864,884]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Pikermi</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B8A75DB5C22CFF97FCD7FC64050317FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10989533" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10989533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10989533/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" startId="10.[863,896,913,933]" targetBox="[863,1535,160,887]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF97FCD7FC64050317FA" blockId="10.[862,1535,911,1020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Fig. 11. Scatter plot comparing the basal horn core proportions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FA43FC7A02F417C7" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FA43FC7A02F417C7" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from several sites and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FB07FC59058117C7" authorityName="Major" authorityYear="1891" box="[1167,1247,940,961]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Protoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FB07FC59058117C7" box="[1167,1247,940,961]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Protoryx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Pikermi (Late Miocene, Greece). APDbase, anteroposterior diameter at the base; TDbase, transverse diameter at the base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22CFF96FC0CFBAC01BD161D" blockId="10.[862,1535,1048,1334]" lastBlockId="11.[98,771,158,699]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
The Şerefköy-
|
||
<specimenCount id="FADEC6B4C22CFF97FBADFBAC05F01074" box="[1061,1198,1113,1138]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22CFF97FABDFBA202CE1094" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22CFF97FABDFBA202CE1094" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Skoufotragus laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Samos, Kemiklitepe-A and Maragheh in having a narrower braincase, as well as a shorter dorsal parietal sector, less developed anterior tuberosities of the basioccipital, shorter, more slender, and more mediolaterally compressed horn cores, and, on average, smaller tooth rows (but with a similar premolar/molar ratio) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22CFF97FB30FAE804481130" box="[1208,1302,1309,1334]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[863,896,913,933]" captionTargetId="graphics-536@10.[915,1526,161,667]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 11. Scatter plot comparing the basal horn core proportions of Skoufotragus from several sites and Protoryx from Pikermi (Late Miocene, Greece). APDbase, anteroposterior diameter at the base; TDbase, transverse diameter at the base." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10989533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10989533/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
, 12). They are more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22DFF96FF55FF6B00C414BE" box="[221,410,158,184]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zemalisorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22DFF96FF55FF6B00C414BE" box="[221,410,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Sk. zemalisorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Samos in terms of their cranial proportions, but differ in having a narrower braincase (
|
||
<quantity id="2B20A0D8C22DFF96FF2CFF15005014FF" box="[164,270,224,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.17" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="61.7">61.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="2B20A0D8C22DFF96FECBFF15009D14FF" box="[323,451,224,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="74.0" valueMax="78.0" valueMin="70.0">70–78 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22DFF96FE5AFF1503EE14FF" author="Kostopoulos, D. S." box="[466,688,224,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="345 - 389" refId="ref13709" refString="Kostopoulos, D. S. 2009 a. The Late Miocene Mammal Faunas of the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece: New Collection. 13. Bovidae. Beitrage zur Palaontologie 31: 345 - 389." type="journal article" year="2009">Kostopoulos 2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and a more anteroposteriorly expanded horn core (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22DFF96FDEFFEF50398151F" box="[615,710,256,281]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[863,896,913,933]" captionTargetId="graphics-536@10.[915,1526,161,667]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 11. Scatter plot comparing the basal horn core proportions of Skoufotragus from several sites and Protoryx from Pikermi (Late Miocene, Greece). APDbase, anteroposterior diameter at the base; TDbase, transverse diameter at the base." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10989533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10989533/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
, 12). Except for a somewhat longer lower premolar row (relative to the molars), the Şerefköy-
|
||
<specimenCount id="FADEC6B4C22DFF96FE27FEB40365155C" box="[431,571,321,346]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22DFF96FFEAFEAA01A2157F" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[98,252,351,377]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22DFF96FFEAFEAA01A2157F" box="[98,252,351,377]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Samos and Akkaşdağı in their size and morphology (
|
||
<figureCitation id="74E311B8C22DFF96FF70FE74000C159C" box="[248,338,385,410]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[863,896,913,933]" captionTargetId="graphics-536@10.[915,1526,161,667]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 11. Scatter plot comparing the basal horn core proportions of Skoufotragus from several sites and Protoryx from Pikermi (Late Miocene, Greece). APDbase, anteroposterior diameter at the base; TDbase, transverse diameter at the base." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10989533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10989533/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
, 12), although the material from Samos Q5) is characterised by slightly longer and more divergent horn cores bearing an anterior keel (the latter seems to be more common in short-horned individuals; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22DFF96FDFDFE140188161D" author="Kostopoulos, D. S." pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="747 - 791" refId="ref13673" refString="Kostopoulos, D. S. 2005. The Bovidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene mammal locality of Akkasdagi (Central Anatolia, Turkey). Geodiversitas 27: 747 - 791" type="journal article" year="2005">Kostopoulos 2005: 777</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EC670D3DC22DFF96FF0FFDD7030916BD" blockId="11.[98,771,158,699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Female individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22DFF96FE0FFDD50345163C" authorityName="Kostopoulos" authorityYear="2009" box="[391,539,544,570]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22DFF96FE0FFDD50345163C" box="[391,539,544,570]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Skoufotragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rare, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="884970CCC22DFF96FD3DFDD701BF165D" author="Gentry, A. W." pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="229 - 296" refId="ref12938" refString="Gentry, A. W. 1971. The earliest goats and other antelopes from the Samos Hipparion Fauna. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology 20: 229 - 296." type="journal article" year="1971">Gentry 1971: 252</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3: 3) interpreted AMNH 20687 as a female individual of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22DFF96FF7FFD940028167D" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[247,374,609,635]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22DFF96FF7FFD940028167D" box="[247,374,609,635]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Sk. laticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The frontlet MYŞE PV-1576 from Şerefköy-2 is very similar to this specimen, suggesting that females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BD876BEC22DFF96FF56FD54002816BD" baseAuthorityName="Andree" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[222,374,673,699]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Skoufotragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schlosseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEACD12FC22DFF96FF56FD54002816BD" box="[222,374,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Sk. schlosseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were likely horned.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |