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<document id="8F56370BBA2CD16839D7541A320FDE21" ID-DOI="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524" ID-ZooBank="BCB49D2E-F772-49EB-A17A-47EB21194212" ID-publisher-id="140524" URI-arpha="8BBD979A-A43B-550B-853F-36895E8AFD3A" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/BCB49D2E-F772-49EB-A17A-47EB21194212" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1734967240283" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Muller, Burgert S., Swart, Vaughn R. &amp; Snyman, Louwrens P." docDate="2024" docId="63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5" docLanguage="en" docName="African Invertebrates 65(2): 247-327" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 65 (2)" docSource="https://africaninvertebrates.pensoft.net/article/140524/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Suragina freidbergi Muller 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="327" masterDocId="8BBD979AA43B550B853F36895E8AFD3A" masterDocTitle="Revision of Afrotropical Suragina Walker, 1859 (Diptera, Athericidae)" masterLastPageNumber="327" masterPageNumber="247" pageNumber="247" updateTime="1735010477743" updateUser="admin">
<mods:mods id="E9C3E3808EBC9C857951591455F317B9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="DC624119634522989FB7967B06EEDCD4">
<mods:title id="68551DEAC3610C572F029E4A03079003">Revision of Afrotropical Suragina Walker, 1859 (Diptera, Athericidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E23D621471A6BB29FC34B4A5690BE481" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B60F99719530218B1EA90C94BB481D0E">
<mods:roleTerm id="0516EBBC6F165E886EC99F2FA55FAD85">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0AA49BDD06AA90D995BB744CDE05235C">Muller, Burgert S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="900EEE06916B8F888FD92F39F7E2C693" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7304-4050</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5CFFC3C43A01572F2BFFD51076E259BD">Department Terrestrial Invertebrates, National Museum, 36 Aliwal Street, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa &amp; Department Zoology &amp; Entomology, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7D3F543F4FB80435820E0DA309AABD2C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="696E2630D63C23929323931B5904FE6F">
<mods:roleTerm id="9C55D86AE3A3FD05466D1FC0796E8AA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E2D954EC38F93AD0BD98EC8BAD2BCF52">Swart, Vaughn R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0A0C1CD07DDFC4F8C39BE75CF7492C3" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7905-5298</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="97FAE293E5DFF20DB5B6939F73B1B228">Department Zoology &amp; Entomology, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DFABA3B184BD9B2575933CD37DDAC0EA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="95943947E4A21D1DBE1F92EBBB6139F4">
<mods:roleTerm id="4961915C5C01787809E38324CE4790E4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8EB9D928FEBD0DB79464E0778E3F7668">Snyman, Louwrens P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="62A57C38A4B17F904EFEC365DE031035" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5768-7216</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1408536F0DC50078EEF844E1D531BA61">Invertebrate Zoology, Royal Alberta Museum, 9810 103 A Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T 5 J 0 G 2, Canada &amp; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S 7 N 5 B 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8B7FB134682902E1421B8C40096D2508">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="62F89750CB6314BD8F5D7B61B3854684" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="19C5AA5411436828297EBF6C67DBA7AF">
<mods:title id="D620657ED3F22C4D8197AFD41B6304E3">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9143A9793EA762E4F7F7308F38D91BB8">
<mods:date id="3F8DFF72CCC14FDE61E7BFA79C1FC2BC">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8272D15C0942FA22BB15F18A63CE1594" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B60E675CDEFB7568C1C9E2CBAB72954E">2024-12-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B8ABB1B80FDAD69B4D2A913B6B0699D1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9E91C5C9F82EC54E0530A188EA9356B7">65</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A0E47BB3D8CE9626C409D1B9731E02ED" type="issue">
<mods:number id="FA7BCA05817CBB57510E3C56283667F8">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="11E6536E5AF2217F55919AFA3FD73AB7" unit="page">
<mods:start id="440B1A277E69C088641DEA9F207224FA">247</mods:start>
<mods:end id="DF1873D2BE964163AAF52EF547495449">327</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="61BA27D844581ABD72E895793B82B7B5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DEBE1991A7AEEFFDDBCAE4363C7ED392" type="DOI">10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="79A6FEC83B9D4F2D6020F353CC773764" type="ZooBank">BCB49D2E-F772-49EB-A17A-47EB21194212</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14548361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14548361" ID-arpha="63E8665D-D3E1-55DE-91E4-E2CB8109B6D5" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/A55946FD-E8CC-49A8-9EAD-F67317C9BA11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A55946FD-E8CC-49A8-9EAD-F67317C9BA11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5">
<subSubSection id="6A4D4C78E5A1F0789516D5F80086911A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7CCC3FB55DD32BA14C620B4231E8B543">
<taxonomicName id="4BE842C38F0F345C8BEAE378FD7C2803" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FA6DD28F816AECCCE94A258B60A1AA3F" italics="true">Suragina freidbergi</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="90A29107A36B381C58370D55E0537FCF" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A956F46FBD11AF1C79BE520AA7C8FEDF" type="description">
<paragraph id="242E50F0D3F2B3BDCC23F2D234CCD550">
<figureCitation id="3DE9077931BD0DF69D32072566061457" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–8. Dorsal view of thorax (1–4) and head and thorax (5–8) of Suragina Walker spp. 1 S. agramma (Bezzi) ♀ (NMSA - DIP 028177) 2 S. binominata ♀ (NMSA - DIP 158408) 3 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (CSCA) 4 S. falsa ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064160) 5 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 162049) 6 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 7 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 8 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158425). 4 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205863">Figs 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CF8949182409D582553585073AB2891B" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 20–22. Suragina Walker spp. lateral habitus: S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov.: 20 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158423) 21 ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158424); S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov.: 22 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867">20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CF2A2C6E648DBF141B66AFDAC4E7306" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 20–22. Suragina Walker spp. lateral habitus: S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov.: 20 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158423) 21 ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158424); S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov.: 22 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867">21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A9D443C86EC971ACBAF43CF473BC94BC" captionStart="Figures 43–48" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 43–48. Suragina Walker spp. wing dorsal view: 43 S. dimidiatipennis (Brunetti) ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064158) 44 S. falsa Oldroyd ♀ (NHMUK 014064160) 45 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (BMSA (D) 92158) 46 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158445) 47 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ (ICIPE) 48 S. milloti (Séguy) ♀ (CSCA). 43, 44 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures43-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205873">45</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A59D1AE26508B9162900688C1A061334" captionStart="Figures 63–70" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 63–70. Suragina Walker spp. male terminalia, ventral view (63–66) and epandrium with cerci, dorsal view (67–70): 63, 67 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 92376) 64, 68 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 65, 69 S. milloti (Séguy) (CSCA) 66, 70 S. monogramma (Bezzi) (NMSA - DIP 028180). Scale bar (applicable to all illustrations): 0.6 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures63-70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205876">63</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DFD95D16BC8E5BF16B94B49839907037" captionStart="Figures 63–70" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 63–70. Suragina Walker spp. male terminalia, ventral view (63–66) and epandrium with cerci, dorsal view (67–70): 63, 67 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 92376) 64, 68 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 65, 69 S. milloti (Séguy) (CSCA) 66, 70 S. monogramma (Bezzi) (NMSA - DIP 028180). Scale bar (applicable to all illustrations): 0.6 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures63-70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205876">67</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="018600879BD0965F8809B3BDD226AADD" captionStart="Figures 75–87" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 75–87. Suragina Walker spp. female genital fork and spermathecae, ventral view: 75 S. agramma (Bezzi) (ICIPE) 76 S. bezzii (Curran) (SAM-DIP- 018403) 77 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. (CSCA) 78 S. binominata (Bequaert) (NMSA - DIP 158411) 79 S. copelandi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 84686) 80 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 92158) 81 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 82 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 83 S. milloti (Séguy) (CSCA) 84 S. monogramma (Bezzi) (BMSA (D) 129988) 85 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (NMSA - DIP 158392) 86 S. semiobscura Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 87 S. zombaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (NMSA - DIP 1584719). Scale bar (applicable to all illustrations): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures75-87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205878">80</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJKCI" type="type material">
<paragraph id="AB2826E57270CE32D3CAC1B86BB10807">
<heading id="018E6CD8A8F9CE71A5A21CB3A5DAD6F0" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E728AC654DE2A4B02B8D440ED66BF439">
<materialsCitation id="0B5F595CB0C510CAA4A22CD996D3D2F2" collectingDate="1983-10-26" collectingDateMax="1983-10-27" collectingDateMin="1983-10-26" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Freidberg" country="Malawi" latitude="-15.949717" location="Likabula" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.593616" municipality="Mulanje Mountain" specimenCode="DIP 158423" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Southern Region" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="EE1038FA91D94BDB6F86C4AEE723D37E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F5F4A4418C6C4074CB9BCF18B21BC9F1" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="C4D26BE4F99B67588C893FC4B4D81EB6" name="Malawi">Malawi</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="4A620E64411D3BCFFB2A4EA44C598460" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="3ABE77FE158035EBFEA900521F426CF4">Southern Region</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="A23C3C04200673AAE1978441FEE8B2D5">Mulanje Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
[Mulanje Massif] nr.
<location id="F0C03D7829A6734A090ADFAB07DE07F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5:F0C03D7829A6734A090ADFAB07DE07F8" country="Malawi" county="Southern Region" latitude="-15.949717" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.593616" municipality="Mulanje Mountain" name="Likabula" stateProvince="Southern Region">Likabula</location>
; [
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EXKCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[35.593617,-15.949717]}">
<geoCoordinate id="CEF1B7B0530AC20E8BAE02EFA6741B81" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="56.983" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.949717">15°56.983'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C7833E93568750A37170168AF20A1F03" degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="35.617" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="35.593616">35°35.617'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
];
<date id="B4E490D98F928FCCE673417E5CF85E12" value="1983-10-26" valueMax="1983-10-27" valueMin="1983-10-26">
<collectingDate id="256A7054909CDA87FAC37B509EACA30C" value="1983-10-26" valueMax="1983-10-27" valueMin="1983-10-26">26–27 Oct. 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B63E95CC5149E318C03F046699416AEA">A. Freidberg</collectorName>
leg.; (
<named-content id="448F808C6F891C6BEE08AB9F732D9CE8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">
<collectionCode id="1D0C80536E6005A1628B2B0851F3E4ED" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<specimenCode id="F3502C5C356131A39F316A18B7DD363E" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">DIP 158423</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFB37F7657D2F8C32D54307E9E3B43BF">
<materialsCitation id="3CD9FA54A6F3A9E99DDB7AEC66DBA62A" collectingDate="1983-10-26" collectingDateMax="1983-10-27" collectingDateMin="1983-10-26" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Freidberg" country="Malawi" latitude="-15.949717" location="Likabula" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="35.593616" municipality="Mountain" specimenCode="DIP 158426, 158425, 158424" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Southern Region" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="DD0B32EEFE88156A05BF6B8F14FB5DFB" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1CE8D738B0DE6273B530C40D3DBB78F9" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: •
<specimenCount id="EEED2F86D67454D38B460A7A0F62D933" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
; same data as holotype; (
<named-content id="6F295C419772C5852629C3F3D314A733" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">
<collectionCode id="D35051CB76F7DEB0F72E7B6AFF73423E" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<specimenCode id="7F114E0643861DC5EBEAB7F04C4D3CE4" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">DIP 158426</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="8DD9F0B03321B48C5FF0D4973DE44F7B" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">158425</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="AA2A606B1BABB03AB2ED1A62D5ABEA4C" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">158424</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="FC3AA118880B02CB2401FCB1BCBFE789" collectedFrom="stream, montane evergreen forest" collectingDate="2016-11-08" collectingDateMax="2016-11-11" collectingDateMin="2016-11-08" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="BMSA" collectorName="A. H. Kirk-Spriggs &amp; B. S. Muller" country="Malawi" county="Zomba Plateau" elevation="1530" latitude="-15.3538885" location="Kuchawe Trout Farm" longLatPrecision="89" longitude="35.301666" specimenCode="BMSA (D) 91210" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Southern Region" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="E1B4520860227EB4402A78448C82F220" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="B3F0611708F52F2DF6F275F611967F52">Southern Region</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCounty id="F16F9307092FDF71EE46E26C8BAFF159">Zomba Plateau</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="1501858636A7B485F4AD1855DBD907BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5:1501858636A7B485F4AD1855DBD907BF" country="Malawi" county="Zomba Plateau" latitude="-15.3538885" longLatPrecision="89" longitude="35.301666" municipality="Southern Region" name="Kuchawe Trout Farm" stateProvince="Southern Region">Kuchawe Trout Farm</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOLCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[35.301667,-15.353888]}">
<geoCoordinate id="103CB6A34AD07797BE14B0A8A65F64E5" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="21.2333" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.3538885">15°21.2333'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A0164093EBC2311F9152BDCF2A00A068" degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="18.1" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="35.301666">35°18.1'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<quantity id="634693CB79B9248E39190EA90A046BEF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" unit="m" value="1530.0">
<elevation id="510F540C168FA66C94E2B19607336ADA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" unit="m" value="1530.0">1530 masl</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="384791006C91E1B4099C07A35CED5635" value="2016-11-08" valueMax="2016-11-11" valueMin="2016-11-08">
<collectingDate id="1E3929DCD6EBACAE71046F335FB60C8D" value="2016-11-08" valueMax="2016-11-11" valueMin="2016-11-08">8–11 Nov. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="79FA7ECBD54635AD699D28BB2E4F6140">A. H. Kirk-Spriggs</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="03352BD3B36CC90943E0801CA7D6AD9E">B. S. Muller</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="4B4190CD3ADAF35C8B5019DC77021763">stream, montane evergreen forest</collectedFrom>
;
<collectingMethod id="B80372B075C956F4E30E6E9EB698CE86">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; (
<specimenCode id="EE215996C169D964BBADC97D4E0855B8">
<named-content id="A21AB4020D9194CF1D11A6464D5B965D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-bloemfontein" xlink_title="National Museum, Bloemfontein">BMSA</named-content>
(D) 91210
</specimenCode>
, 91208)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="9C68CF9A521AF5CEADD2225C055CF965" collectedFrom="stream bed, montane evergreen forest" collectingDate="2016-11-15" collectingDateMax="2016-11-19" collectingDateMin="2016-11-15" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="BMSA" collectorName="A. H. Kirk-Spriggs &amp; B. S. Muller" country="Malawi" county="Zomba Plateau" elevation="1583" latitude="-15.3475" location="William's Falls" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="35.29861" specimenCode="BMSA (D) 92158" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Southern Region" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="FAE8F1490783AAA99C21AF74A841EE88" count="5" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="0AC352A2428FD8A34EF28FB4572BA57C">Southern Region</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCounty id="6468C3297B1F9199CAE284DBEDCDB5FA">Zomba Plateau</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="6DCECBB26DCCCD30C3BA9DA8C0640C64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5:6DCECBB26DCCCD30C3BA9DA8C0640C64" country="Malawi" county="Zomba Plateau" latitude="-15.3475" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="35.29861" municipality="Southern Region" name="William's Falls" stateProvince="Southern Region">William’s Falls</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E1LCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[35.298612,-15.347500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8599C313D684208AE4109967FEAE0960" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="20.85" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-15.3475">15°20.85'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="68E6C3537CCA8BD87800258FDDEC642C" degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="17.9167" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="35.29861">35°17.9167'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<quantity id="8A9BDDB30EABF80C19C161D4542D94AD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.583" unit="m" value="1583.0">
<elevation id="888F01E412877AA8BC5F2745729E46E4" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.583" unit="m" value="1583.0">1583 masl</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="1D11BC2C35FD2612B9AEC08430502B3B" value="2016-11-15" valueMax="2016-11-19" valueMin="2016-11-15">
<collectingDate id="8153167F11B7063273C8852A95032E5B" value="2016-11-15" valueMax="2016-11-19" valueMin="2016-11-15">15–19 Nov. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="987078DAB9417E31CFD8051C069FBA69">A. H. Kirk-Spriggs</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="1EF7C8D463B882EBDD5F14ABFECFE8D7">B. S. Muller</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="3A41D2E26ECFA8F7AC5A34B4E3DF7755">stream bed, montane evergreen forest</collectedFrom>
;
<collectingMethod id="F580F0F8A6593D085FE554C59921FE20">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; (
<specimenCode id="E25035669835E84EF304A78D443BDBA7">
<named-content id="F9B9E409967A28221B368FFFF736898D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-bloemfontein" xlink_title="National Museum, Bloemfontein">BMSA</named-content>
(D) 92158
</specimenCode>
, 92159, 92162, 92160, 92161)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E973F200DA2A8C8761AC7A66CCB073CF" collectedFrom="stream bed, miombo woodland" collectingDate="2016-10-12" collectingDateMax="2016-10-14" collectingDateMin="2016-10-12" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectionCode="BMSA" collectorName="A. H. Kirk-Spriggs &amp; B. S. Muller" country="Malawi" county="Mulanje Dist" elevation="1061" latitude="-15.936111" location="Mulanje mnt." longLatPrecision="88" longitude="35.52" specimenCode="BMSA (D) 92376" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Southern Region" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="1E96B8F4239CB0F1C5946D9446B9BFD0" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="6294F6171CCC1FAE60830C383B743320">Southern Region</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCounty id="418620917238815B26316B874F93368E">Mulanje Dist</collectingCounty>
.
<location id="3F270C521F33793CE3B86F9909D19F9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63E8665DD3E155DE91E4E2CB8109B6D5:3F270C521F33793CE3B86F9909D19F9E" country="Malawi" county="Mulanje Dist" latitude="-15.936111" longLatPrecision="88" longitude="35.52" name="Mulanje mnt." stateProvince="Southern Region">Mulanje mnt.</location>
at:;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGMCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[35.520000,-15.936112]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7FDAC8FFC4FAAC8D64E7FB59F2D16EBE" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="56.1667" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.936111">15°56.1667'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="586336818B86662F5CC2A90ACC29FC89" degrees="35" direction="east" minutes="31.2" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="35.52">35°31.2'E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<quantity id="AC24E52F19B2CA117039063B60C3247C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.061" unit="m" value="1061.0">
<elevation id="522D9400921D0EC73D54C1FF6C23C028" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.061" unit="m" value="1061.0">1061 masl</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="91B88F5B754D5A348D398185E48C0351" value="2016-10-12" valueMax="2016-10-14" valueMin="2016-10-12">
<collectingDate id="D292C1C5FD640962EFB7EF635D8AC1A9" value="2016-10-12" valueMax="2016-10-14" valueMin="2016-10-12">12–14 Oct. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="226F02A7B66F0EEC035C76CE930E951A">A. H. Kirk-Spriggs</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="068482A9389841089F764C36E0365855">B. S. Muller</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="8E9CB96AF8F70AAD85EE106589613F8A">stream bed, miombo woodland</collectedFrom>
;
<collectingMethod id="FD0178AC1C7BEC22CB7CE8B188BA46FE">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
; (
<specimenCode id="392D7687549307BED3AFE5666CE9885F">
<named-content id="A56A44058C302D6097D9730FB8BDD418" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-bloemfontein" xlink_title="National Museum, Bloemfontein">BMSA</named-content>
(D) 92376
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB87832BEDA3C27864929EC31516D4D9">
<typeStatus id="A1095FF35E0D5DFE6033DC519F804E11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
deposited in
<named-content id="E1DC70D4710FB3794C992395CFE052C9" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">
<collectionCode id="63D6973239F6B09956D817D7752B6C1F" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
and
<typeStatus id="725964E60010026CF41BAF2071260858" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
deposited as per listed institutional codens in citations above:
<named-content id="F1C7379730547F9D0B8A9D54F5C123E3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museum-bloemfontein" xlink_title="National Museum, Bloemfontein">
<collectionCode id="0317BB5B618EF8877BA56F6F65242D92" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7is6-1zj2" name="National Museum Bloemfontein" type="">BMSA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
and
<named-content id="70177CBA92C2CD75E067D17B2F36DE59" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">
<collectionCode id="5011858298E0EA8958A906C413A5BFFC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4MCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EA1593711C319E1388390C1D51B02342">
<heading id="3EBAAB04909696DE9DC37EB38DCF1A5A" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDFCEA46F7964CE6A1624D6C73E15702">
<taxonomicName id="2A96226F27242261F84CA60361801CA4" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FF41DB10A488CAB0F2FC23576FFBA23C" italics="true">Suragina freidbergi</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46C72E80EA9B4C2398C5B29F951111CA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has an overall yellowish-brown to brown appearance, with the males typically lighter in colour than the females (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D800AE2BA18C8818FC6C2EFDF6ED3ED7" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 20–22. Suragina Walker spp. lateral habitus: S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov.: 20 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158423) 21 ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158424); S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov.: 22 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867">20</figureCitation>
vs Fig.
<figureCitation id="261EF4E6B6B5D4421B501DD350932595" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 20–22. Suragina Walker spp. lateral habitus: S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov.: 20 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158423) 21 ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158424); S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov.: 22 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867">21</figureCitation>
). The pleura are brown with mostly bluish-grey pruinosity, the scutum dark brown to black with two bluish-grey pruinose dorsocentral vittae, the notopleuron with similar pruinosity (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A8BD74144D1A3DA458C762C8D2A690B1" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–8. Dorsal view of thorax (1–4) and head and thorax (5–8) of Suragina Walker spp. 1 S. agramma (Bezzi) ♀ (NMSA - DIP 028177) 2 S. binominata ♀ (NMSA - DIP 158408) 3 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (CSCA) 4 S. falsa ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064160) 5 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 162049) 6 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 7 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 8 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158425). 4 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205863">8</figureCitation>
). The prescutellar area bluish-grey pruinose. It is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="7E82BAF37B6505F6F6A3C175675E3CF5" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zombaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="57AB5BD17204FF28C1F72CD70E168827" italics="true">S. zombaensis</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="738D2B34700A292E5D9FD6A6F18CE1BF" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in its general appearance, but differs from it in having at most the apical third of the wing brown suffused, the preceding area with hyaline patches (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5FC2901F7C3ABB4C437EC4E9743BF5CB" captionStart="Figures 43–48" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 43–48. Suragina Walker spp. wing dorsal view: 43 S. dimidiatipennis (Brunetti) ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064158) 44 S. falsa Oldroyd ♀ (NHMUK 014064160) 45 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (BMSA (D) 92158) 46 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158445) 47 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ (ICIPE) 48 S. milloti (Séguy) ♀ (CSCA). 43, 44 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures43-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205873">45</figureCitation>
), compared to
<taxonomicName id="8680F51354F4D70AC3ECE5FC34C1814F" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zombaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C94FC947B0169BB914FA8A6275BBBDE4" italics="true">S. zombaensis</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6FF5F6FEE25FA351F72BF740AA63089" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
that has the majority of the apical half of the wing brown suffused (Fig.
<figureCitation id="64E387E6BB45000B133503427496ED2D" captionStart="Figures 49–54" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 49–54. Suragina Walker spp. wing dorsal view: 49 S. monogramma (Bezzi) ♀ (BMSA (D) 129988) 50 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (BMSA (D) 92374) 51 S. nigromaculata Muller, sp. nov. ♂ holotype (NHMUK 014064156) 52 S. pauliani ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 028172) 53 S. semiobscura Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 54 S. zombaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158451). 51 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures49-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205874">54</figureCitation>
). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="7220E9801E2A3F7343CF9C4B49E38365" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C4B100D4D5689E4B7CC9A1F4CD569627" italics="true">S. freidbergi</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6137348CB7CFC098D7F5372A2A7FB88B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has the scutellum yellow on at least apical half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A47DDFB7021F9EF55588723965B892FF" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–8. Dorsal view of thorax (1–4) and head and thorax (5–8) of Suragina Walker spp. 1 S. agramma (Bezzi) ♀ (NMSA - DIP 028177) 2 S. binominata ♀ (NMSA - DIP 158408) 3 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (CSCA) 4 S. falsa ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064160) 5 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 162049) 6 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 7 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 8 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158425). 4 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205863">8</figureCitation>
) compared to
<taxonomicName id="496276FF578A1AE238EF47CCDDF18D51" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zombaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EC0869CD26E692DAD31684A25078AF41" italics="true">S. zombaensis</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C00942F913BA51E8666C3273C9B678B8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
that has the scutellum dark brown with only the apical margin yellow.
</paragraph>
<caption id="70EF728E9A76038CBB7909375985F636" ID-DOI="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" ID-arpha="83ED427B-A854-55F3-805C-DB14C99B96D7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="1A85D93B41ACFB3FAED461E1ECB4FAFB">
<label id="321494A5BD890095243C80DD0BAD7713">Figures 20–22.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3FFF08F6A90FC24854CB904EA3AEC70">
<taxonomicName id="47F0401CF8E3B1357CAB2F708C689EBC" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="880CAC970041D67DC9FB328CEAB13879" italics="true">Suragina</emphasis>
Walker spp.
</taxonomicName>
lateral habitus:
<taxonomicName id="75FAF73F04831AD61111FC322C193FFC" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freidbergi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7D354CAE10968ED10B11735E9FD353AB" italics="true">S. freidbergi</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="03A81FB7A474B7F18268E72432CCBBE1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B590374389DD4663566DBF931FFBB330" bold="true">20</emphasis>
♂ holotype (
<named-content id="7828B4116DFACFCEA0303A772361D021" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">NMSA</named-content>
- DIP 158423)
<emphasis id="ACBD2786B2962533A7A511A125375F99" bold="true">21</emphasis>
♀ paratype (
<named-content id="78678EAB988A6A68837AF39A5A4F83A1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">NMSA</named-content>
- DIP 158424);
<taxonomicName id="30F5711E168FCCC38593FE6DF1919F94" authority="Muller" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Athericidae" genus="Suragina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liberiaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="442A816A5A537DFF3B976EE1E69C512D" italics="true">S. liberiaensis</emphasis>
Muller
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D362526B625AB2F9734CEB8A61A8051E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="762A2B3DF106F6A90D0303A6D7D0AC59" bold="true">22</emphasis>
♂ holotype (
<named-content id="AA5F1A6B0B5E338253B98CCA055A6CB8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">NMSA</named-content>
- DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EORCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="A089C867BB38F4D5CE157BC0A95E1F96">
<heading id="A579877C10E4398BDA37C5A2874F842C" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DCBF852675F5C6CE63BBAAC8FA538AFF">
<emphasis id="44AC5E20B3F34DD677635FB942F28C0D" bold="true" italics="true">Measurements</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9DC2361FFFEFA75F05C3B6DCABDD76CF" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
n = 2,
<specimenCount id="F0EA7639368AE4A381670EC5ACA0B069" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
n = 2): Wing span:
<specimenCount id="F26876EF51A0731CC64E51E6741BE828" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<quantity id="F4375940DF766ED7AD1D2CBE5E9C6A1D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.2" unit="mm" value="7.35" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="7.2">7.2–7.5 mm</quantity>
(avg.
<quantity id="3ADF4ADA6ACECFF3C8260A3B3F1B3492" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" unit="mm" value="7.35">7.35 mm</quantity>
);
<specimenCount id="BEC43E340050D639F90A03ABF6DD799D" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<quantity id="59893E4A71D1070FB7F48BAD2FE39D26" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.95" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="8.6" unit="mm" value="8.95" valueMax="9.3" valueMin="8.6">8.6–9.3 mm</quantity>
(avg.
<quantity id="3D047D61A4BC2291FE9F47F29C858D70" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.95" unit="mm" value="8.95">8.95 mm</quantity>
); body length:
<specimenCount id="9B2355DA0775CF2C992E0F681A29B896" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
8.9–9.0 mm (avg.
<quantity id="F9C98C3395200D7A0A3DD9B178CBB0DC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.95" unit="mm" value="8.95">8.95 mm</quantity>
);
<specimenCount id="5A9DB52E49E6F4B0B276737AD75422B7" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
9.0–
<quantity id="8B7BCA8229237C40FDB81ED5A00C7B24" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
(avg.
<quantity id="6B3E4DF9D540DF39BD0D1015C44D4DB9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" unit="mm" value="9.25">9.25 mm</quantity>
); wing span to body length ratio (avg.):
<specimenCount id="FBCE375497BABD628191E20A3612B421" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
0.94;
<specimenCount id="6E97127199BE2A1C7ED239919F8F19E2" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
0.97.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="701704AE32AE4E8A03E9339705A1B990">
<emphasis id="BD94336B3BCF3F279A89997FD56AD35F" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="0FA099CB62C6DEF6B560F48AE7861A84" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 20–22. Suragina Walker spp. lateral habitus: S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov.: 20 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158423) 21 ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158424); S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov.: 22 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867">20</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9E2A41B5BDFC16D37E78B0C72E6EA24">
<emphasis id="E2D9B60856E3C5EA86DC9FE789D6D894" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
: Blackish-brown ground colour, with bluish-grey pruinosity on majority of head; eye bare; holoptic; ommatidia on lower and upper quarter of eye smaller than those on rest of eye; lateral edge of eye with slight indentation, and an apparent tubercle next to indentation; ocellar tubercle barely visible in profile, blackish-brown in colour with slight bluish-grey pruinosity and short dark setulae; vertex blackish-brown with bluish-grey pruinosity and long dark setulose; anterior ocellus larger than posterior pair; ocellar tubercle in front of dorsal margin of eye, not placed as deeply towards middle of head as in
<specimenCount id="87CCD62B6760EB38B7C7F881E5418BB4" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; dorsal inner edge of eye abutting ocellar tubercle; occiput with same bluish-grey pruinosity as rest of head; paired narrow rectangular black markings with short dark setulae on upper occiput widening towards lateral margin of head, abutting posterior margin of eyes, flanking vertex; upper occiput with pale setulae; lower occiput with long pale setulae; genal area bluish-grey with long pale setulae, these continue ventrally on head to mouthparts that have similar long ventral setulae; frons bluish-grey pruinose, velvety-black from ocellar tubercle to before lower half of eye when viewed anteriorly, when viewed anteroventrally entire frons appears blackish-brown with a slight velvety appearance; frons widening from where eyes touch down to antennal base; frons with short pale setulae; face bluish-grey with pale setulae; clypeus dark brown with bluish-grey pruinosity, bare; face separated anteriorly from clypeus by a deep transverse suture, similar to lateral sutures; face not appearing to bulge laterally when viewed in profile; clypeus visible in profile, face not; antennal bases separated ca 0.75 × width of scape, with slight longitudinal groove running between; scape dark brown and pedicel orange-brown, both with silvery pruinosity; 1
<superScript id="B6E7858ED460ABE44109546FF49A9461">st</superScript>
flagellomere orange-yellow, with sparse silvery pruinosity; 2
<superScript id="5624794B38D9888BD2471F2D729E0916">nd</superScript>
flagellomere dark brown; scape and pedicel of similar size; 1
<superScript id="EE0F37AAD66D417EBB3C145CD2B35723">st</superScript>
flagellomere reniform, ca 1.5 × size of pedicel; 2
<superScript id="DC0D89770EE90F35442F3B19109CA8F5">nd</superScript>
flagellomere arista-like; pedicel with dark dorsal and ventral setulae, similar in size, scape with only pale dorsal setulae; palpus brown with dense bluish-grey pruinosity, with dark setulae throughout; palpus ca 0.5 × length of proboscis; proboscis slightly shorter than head height; proboscis dark orange-brown in colour, prementum orange-yellow, proboscis with long pale setulae ventrally and darker setulae dorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C36C84243C656EFAA8BF7B0BEFC2AE1">
<emphasis id="B6ECDA39749B32B015BB1BBC36834BCD" bold="true" italics="true">Thorax</emphasis>
: Scutum brown, mostly with short dark setulae, with two feint dorsocentral bluish-grey pruinose vittae in some specimens running from pronotum to before scutellum, joining to form a bluish-grey pruinose patch, in other specimens vittae are diffused, ending before transverse suture (Fig.
<figureCitation id="08C0CAE8C164C7179A49925779778C5F" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–8. Dorsal view of thorax (1–4) and head and thorax (5–8) of Suragina Walker spp. 1 S. agramma (Bezzi) ♀ (NMSA - DIP 028177) 2 S. binominata ♀ (NMSA - DIP 158408) 3 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (CSCA) 4 S. falsa ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064160) 5 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 162049) 6 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 7 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 8 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158425). 4 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205863">8</figureCitation>
); pronotum orange-brown with bluish-grey pruinosity and short pale setulae; postpronotal lobe orange-yellow and appearing slightly browner dorsally, with sparse grey pruinosity; setulae short pale; notopleuron bluish-grey pruinose with pale setulae anteriorly and longer dark setulae posteriorly; postalar wall and postalar callus orange-brown with slight bluish-grey pruinosity supra-alar area with dark setulae, postalar callus with some short pale setulae interspersed between dark setulae; scutellum yellow with long dark setulae; majority of pleura brown with bluish-grey pruinosity, except for anepimeron, anatergite, katatergite and katepimeron orange-yellow; proepisternum, proepimeron, katatergite and katepisternum with long pale setulae; anatergite and meron bare; anterior and posterior spiracles whitish-yellow, bare; postspiracular scale dark brown; postscutellum orange-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C62AE2160C8BB0BB69BC66DFD99F4835">
<emphasis id="8438213BF3486DD56B2CC3E54585A41E" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
: Fore coxa yellow, mid coxa brown, blackish-brown anteriorly with a slight greyish pruinosity, hind coxa brownish-yellow; all coxae with mostly long pale setulae; fore coxal setulae entirely pale or with at most a couple of dark setulae apically; mid coxal setulae mixed pale and dark; hind coxal setulae long, and pale or dark on anterior edge surrounding well-developed anterior apical point, lateral apical edges with long pale setulae; all trochanters brownish-yellow with short pale and dark setulae; fore and mid femora almost entirely yellow, except for slightly brown apex; hind femur yellow with light brown to brown median band; fore and hind tibiae brownish-yellow, mid tibia yellow; fore and hind tarsi brown, mid basitarsus yellow; with remaining tarsi brown; fore tarsal claws asymmetrical, outer claw much larger than inner claw, foreleg empodium ca 2 × size of inner pulvillus, outer pulvillus ca 2 × length of inner, approaching size of outer claw; fore femur overall with short pale setulae, with long pale setulae on posteroventral surface; mid femur with long pale setulae on ventral surface, otherwise with short pale setulae; hind femur with a mix of pale and dark setulae on dorsal and ventral surfaces, base of femur with pale setulae; fore tarsi covered with long sensory setulae along antero- and posteroventral surfaces, sensory setulae ca 2 × as long as tarsal segment is wide; hind leg overall stouter than remaining legs; hind tarsal segments 0.8–1.0 × as long as hind tibia tibial spur formula 0: 2: 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57CDA90BB69AEC9307595DA63A7FBAD2">
<emphasis id="CF152CB41B5892CE9A456A63CC116A00" bold="true" italics="true">Wing</emphasis>
: Hyaline; dark brown stigma over area of veins
<emphasis id="4BB897C6ACB6A46675595CBB0C2A6A2F" italics="true">
R
<subScript id="D5EF6B7B69F5F072F050789473F69EAC">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="1670270FA9A6A456BC0AFCF76F3CBD7C" italics="true">
R
<subScript id="E19E1A9F3CCF548E43DA6ADB82EA4628">2 + 3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and cell
<emphasis id="461DEFC086B166F42B03F6C08300B2E8" italics="true">
r
<subScript id="BFC03DBA97C414E87F7309C2121C3E87">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
; dark suffused substigmal marking running down from stigma over crossvein
<emphasis id="1C4AD379F156D2C5CF337CAD5D2D1661" italics="true">r – m</emphasis>
, bases of discal cell, cell
<emphasis id="47F43175867FF567E7B04586AD8C5D11" italics="true">
m
<subScript id="3B1E8788CE3A03F056F1D88321A4ACA7">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and apex of cell
<emphasis id="CCC5B80CFD3FE8832920A4D03E2E1DFF" italics="true">br</emphasis>
; apical half of wing suffused with hyaline patches in cells
<emphasis id="E55D03608532EB9C6AB9D7B410632EF8" italics="true">
r
<subScript id="19F8F4F83DF6A7DCAD977E695AD2C0DF">2 + 3</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="121ABA63AA59F493E99A468D5AD9BD54" italics="true">
r
<subScript id="A5F06185A846B166DDBA37EA35A95E9B">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="A2C551D40B1D86276D10138D9959AC19" italics="true">
r
<subScript id="C6F2DA99D93F97A3A2E5F282042389D8">5</subScript>
</emphasis>
, discal cell, cells
<emphasis id="DB83D92377982D2986EDF0CC801E375C" italics="true">
m
<subScript id="AD9F452CAED2E6587F1C101F370E47E8">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="7C1C258AAD3167BD123F356FCEF19997" italics="true">
m
<subScript id="7A4F8CC98D879B405A55616B312B7736">4</subScript>
</emphasis>
; some dark suffusion over veins
<emphasis id="71A94A33F6D6F8EFFA568FDD50F42366" italics="true">CuA</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="157908F640EA5668077206C4F4A7FAE8" italics="true">CuP</emphasis>
; veins dark brown; costa without distinct downward flexure over stigma; cell
<emphasis id="358DB990621B042E655045EF7A699A44" italics="true">cua</emphasis>
closed at wing margin, cell
<emphasis id="AE6C8FF0C5EA610AED1A0563EEA28CCC" italics="true">
m
<subScript id="0E0AB720255B39AAB7488DC1BA7DC94C">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
open, veins
<emphasis id="2E3671811CAF57BD6FCFC97C0796BD06" italics="true">
M
<subScript id="86C0BE5C2ED446111BBE467946B25437">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="2ECB2F21108D26894D34AD39E6B2D346" italics="true">
M
<subScript id="5BFE79AEAB88808B4905923C9338325E">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="D4F88453DA6295A1CED35B829111F765" italics="true">
M
<subScript id="C4E0077BFC3AEE1C4E90F2E5201BE054">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
present; haltere stalk yellow, knob dark brown, with a few short and dark setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="158CFCC85247F2F2B9708F40C8719218">
<emphasis id="D1B0C62FABE60EEC3BE5C397F040E2C7" bold="true" italics="true">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Overall brownish-yellow in colour; tergite 1 light brownish-yellow with a dark subtriangular dorsal marking surrounded by bluish-grey pruinosity; tergites 2–5 each with a dark dorsal marking covering majority of dorsal surface, less prominent on tergite 2 giving it a slight fenestrated appearance contrasting to brownish-yellow colour; tergites 2–5 also with lateral marginal dark marking; tergites 3–5 with grey pruinose band along posterior margin; tergite 1 medially without a longitudinal suture; tergites with dark setulae dorsally, and long pale setulae on lateral margins; sternites yellowish, with some irregular dark markings towards terminal segments; sternites with long pale setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C6D720620D35DE8A743498E2FB56F2F">
<emphasis id="C0C1241E7C8165E5556E80644118761E" bold="true" italics="true">Terminalia</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="263C75DF69336088A50DED369D26D263" captionStart="Figures 63–70" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 63–70. Suragina Walker spp. male terminalia, ventral view (63–66) and epandrium with cerci, dorsal view (67–70): 63, 67 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 92376) 64, 68 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 65, 69 S. milloti (Séguy) (CSCA) 66, 70 S. monogramma (Bezzi) (NMSA - DIP 028180). Scale bar (applicable to all illustrations): 0.6 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures63-70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205876">63</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A3899AF6CD4A0620F31F1407E58898B2" captionStart="Figures 63–70" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 63–70. Suragina Walker spp. male terminalia, ventral view (63–66) and epandrium with cerci, dorsal view (67–70): 63, 67 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 92376) 64, 68 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 65, 69 S. milloti (Séguy) (CSCA) 66, 70 S. monogramma (Bezzi) (NMSA - DIP 028180). Scale bar (applicable to all illustrations): 0.6 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures63-70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205876">67</figureCitation>
): Epandrium and cercus dark brown with dark setulae; gonocoxite, hypoproct and hypandrium with pale setulae; gonostylus tapering with truncated apex, outer edge of gonostylus with short setulae, inner edge with protrusion with 4 setulae, apical third of gonostylus sparsely covered in microtrichia; gonocoxite widening and appearing more rounded on apical half, apex somewhat flattened, gonocoxite outer and ventral medial surface with long setulae, inner surface of upper half with short setulae, lower ventral surface similarly long setulose; gonocoxite with microtrichia between setulae; parameral apodeme with rounded apex, not reaching base of gonocoxite in ventral view, parameral sheath including parameral apodeme ca 0.7 × length of gonocoxite; gonocoxal apodeme similar in length to gonocoxite and slightly longer than ejaculatory apodeme; aedeagal tine curvature extending down past gonocoxites, apex of tines not extending out past parameral sheath; endoaedeagal process apically truncated and widened.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91D944B815ACD2D9509698F2404825A3">
<emphasis id="F7A3E7A94019CC40026972965DD928DA" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="7DD5285E021060E5A0AF5E767459FD6C" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 20–22. Suragina Walker spp. lateral habitus: S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov.: 20 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158423) 21 ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158424); S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov.: 22 ♂ holotype (NMSA - DIP 158443). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205867">21</figureCitation>
): Similar to
<specimenCount id="64052236F90FCBE751E75D729D737549" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
except for the following:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1ED0E5D027F00F66226D385BD7BB1072">
<emphasis id="FB90A7003A8F7569A227CC4A31E71BC7" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="9FF729095F9C320EF160AEEB186FEA9D" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–8. Dorsal view of thorax (1–4) and head and thorax (5–8) of Suragina Walker spp. 1 S. agramma (Bezzi) ♀ (NMSA - DIP 028177) 2 S. binominata ♀ (NMSA - DIP 158408) 3 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (CSCA) 4 S. falsa ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064160) 5 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 162049) 6 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 7 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 8 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158425). 4 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205863">8</figureCitation>
): Dichoptic; ommatidia of similar size; lateral edge of eye without any indentation, but also with apparent tubercle as in
<specimenCount id="03CF116401B26394D4BA08B9FA0DBBA7" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; ocellar tubercle blackish-brown with brownish-grey pruinosity (bluish-grey in
<specimenCount id="393B7C8AE2A934F29BDEB352B4AADAEB" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
); anterior ocellus slightly larger in size than posterior pair; ocellar tubercle placed deeper in front of dorsal margin of eye compared to
<specimenCount id="D0AC5011E4B7F1C6266936A199D00609" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; dorsal inner edge of eye separated from ocellar tubercle by paired silver-grey markings, appearing to extend down from vertex; genal area with long pale setulae and one or two interspersed dark setulae (all pale in
<specimenCount id="4D63E0A4E6F34B72AC9B7380AE09B91F" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
) these continue ventrally on head to mouthparts that have a mix of similarly long pale and dark ventral setulae; frons bluish-grey pruinose between lower half of eye down to antennal base, velvety-black from ocellar tubercle to lower half of eye when viewed anteriorly; frons widening only slightly from velvety-black patch towards antennal bases; frons with dark setulae on velvety-black upper half and pale setulae on lower grey half; face, gena and clypeus with bluish-grey pruinosity; face sparsley populated with long pale setulae, face separated anteriorly from clypeus by transverse suture, (less prominent than in
<specimenCount id="A2541D57AC1D932048CC9B89F3B42E2D" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
); antennal bases separated ca 0.5–0.8 × width of scape, with slight longitudinal groove running between; 1
<superScript id="01AFC014542CB9FF70E08B4512709870">st</superScript>
flagellomere ca 1.75 × size of pedicel; proboscis ca same length as head height; proboscis ventrally with both long pale and dark setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="143059608495287A3EBC778E5AF12B18">
<emphasis id="80BA7DCC4CE55CA0BE2156BE4A249420" bold="true" italics="true">Thorax</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="60AB4F54652A31FFE2AC8753DB03B1B9" captionStart="Figures 1–8" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–8. Dorsal view of thorax (1–4) and head and thorax (5–8) of Suragina Walker spp. 1 S. agramma (Bezzi) ♀ (NMSA - DIP 028177) 2 S. binominata ♀ (NMSA - DIP 158408) 3 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. ♀ (CSCA) 4 S. falsa ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064160) 5 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ paratype (NMSA - DIP 162049) 6 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (ICIPE) 7 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 8 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158425). 4 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures1-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205863">8</figureCitation>
): Scutum blackish-brown and overall darker than in
<specimenCount id="4EE20D7A3C4BD91F497A0F7662FC245D" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and more setulose, posterior half of scutum additionally with long pale setulae; pronotum dark brown with bluish-grey pruinosity and short pale setulae; postpronotal lobe dark brown with greyish pruinosity on anterior surface (compared to
<specimenCount id="87B4C86EC59371D16213E932BD958113" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
with dorsal surface also slightly pruinose), pale setulose; notopleuron with same colouration as in
<specimenCount id="D05F8B3CDB8C2019C6BFC7F47A1EA7F5" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, however, more densely setulose in comparison; postalar wall and postalar callus dark brown compared to orange-brown in
<specimenCount id="AA7051AE27AF8B461E8DFEC4DBFF5CCB" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, and more setulose; scutellum entirely orange-yellow, or orange-yellow on apical half up to margin, and basally dark brown with slight bluish-grey pruinosity, with dark setulae; pleura similar to that of
<specimenCount id="6ADE5CD1BB50816B05B65615391AE93F" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4B1121BE45754F80F25F6F266A1B0BD">
<emphasis id="F7095DAA2E555442DA77214A7270A64E" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
: Fore coxa yellow as in
<specimenCount id="0392EC8BF843B5296188004490DBB6E4" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
but browner anteriorly and sparsely greyish pruinose; hind coxa more widely brown in comparison to
<specimenCount id="9070FA925C354158D78879C93CF64F95" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; coxal setulae similar to
<specimenCount id="5295A3498800CCC00ADA493DB58AE5A0" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; femora similar in patterning as
<specimenCount id="68CD354D28F7C3050AE6A8CD347784A8" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, but markings dark brown, almost black instead of light brown to brown; fore and hind tibiae, as well as tarsi blackish, mid tibia brownish-yellow, mid basitarsus brownish-yellow; with remaining tarsi dark brown to blackish (tibia and tarsi similar in patterning to
<specimenCount id="B2160B3E7BC1B93DDA709D118552390A" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, just darker); fore tarsal claws symmetrical; overall leg setation similar to
<specimenCount id="114F75D886D0F290C13FE9A5A58BB57E" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
except generally shorter; hind tarsal segments 0.9–1.0 × as long as hind tibia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2CE91CA93F0FA42F4C596641135D0A7">
<emphasis id="793C0A0E689BC522B3458B0CCF3592DF" bold="true" italics="true">Wing</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F098675E3F8EC08DDF262712B87FEA4E" captionStart="Figures 43–48" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 43–48. Suragina Walker spp. wing dorsal view: 43 S. dimidiatipennis (Brunetti) ♀ holotype (NHMUK 014064158) 44 S. falsa Oldroyd ♀ (NHMUK 014064160) 45 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (BMSA (D) 92158) 46 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♀ paratype (NMSA - DIP 158445) 47 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. ♂ (ICIPE) 48 S. milloti (Séguy) ♀ (CSCA). 43, 44 Copyright NHMUK under CC BY 4.0. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures43-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205873">45</figureCitation>
): Similar to
<specimenCount id="E600994A6557B035FB41E134104EF703" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0056A296E7A94793DDF3B9F087912465">
<emphasis id="264B9675FCFC55FDDE62BA0A69BC66FE" bold="true" italics="true">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Tergite 1 more densely bluish-grey pruinose than in
<specimenCount id="A3EAF54ABF464568D9D83B641249D793" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, medially with a longitudinal suture; tergite
<quantity id="18A4F2BA968B37492B41C2FD061C7BC0" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
some specimens similar to
<specimenCount id="0CCEE1B0B75C4D4C131739EEBCB98292" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
with dark longitudinal marking, but surrounded by bluish-grey pruinosity instead of brownish-yellow ground colour, in others (
<named-content id="2402BFCC43056FB4064ABC08AC27A7CC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/kwazulu-natal-museum" xlink_title="KwaZulu-Natal Museum">
<collectionCode id="C2B34DA31D87F39331B26447DB494149" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- DIP 158425) entirely dark brown, as proceeding tergites; tergites 3–7 dark brown with dark dorsal markings barely discernible, posterior margins with similar grey pruinose bands as in
<specimenCount id="75D74B4E72420D037B1D8020C7C3D9ED" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; tergite 1 with long pale setulae on pruinose surface, and short dark setulae on dark brown surfaces, tergites 2–6 with short pale setulae on posterior pruinose bands and short dark setulae on rest of surface; tergite 7 with short dark setulae; tergites 1–4 with long pale setulae on lateral margins, tergites 5–7 with dark setulae laterally; sternites similar to
<specimenCount id="20A81EB3B7329F70BA420527CB0D7A0E" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
but with shorter pale setulae on surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A26F0931937EC6595A1C053203A648A4">
<emphasis id="FE11C75197C53386DA04AB8E0E329D2B" bold="true" italics="true">Terminalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A1D747035AEE53859A962570B0207694" captionStart="Figures 75–87" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 75–87. Suragina Walker spp. female genital fork and spermathecae, ventral view: 75 S. agramma (Bezzi) (ICIPE) 76 S. bezzii (Curran) (SAM-DIP- 018403) 77 S. bilobata Muller, sp. nov. (CSCA) 78 S. binominata (Bequaert) (NMSA - DIP 158411) 79 S. copelandi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 84686) 80 S. freidbergi Muller, sp. nov. paratype (BMSA (D) 92158) 81 S. liberiaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (NMSA - DIP 158442) 82 S. malavaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 83 S. milloti (Séguy) (CSCA) 84 S. monogramma (Bezzi) (BMSA (D) 129988) 85 S. mulanjeensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (NMSA - DIP 158392) 86 S. semiobscura Muller, sp. nov. paratype (ICIPE) 87 S. zombaensis Muller, sp. nov. paratype (NMSA - DIP 1584719). Scale bar (applicable to all illustrations): 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.140524.figures75-87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1205878">80</figureCitation>
): Cercus dark brown with pale setulae; genital fork with distal apodeme slender, apex truncated, unforked; median lobe with u-shaped emargination; paired apical lobes with somewhat slender appearance, widening toward apex, inner surface with clustered microtrichia at apex; arms gradually rounded; three oval and sclerotized spermathecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFYCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="15F7800680741D6E66CDBB9D4C492D38">
<heading id="DF3B773EEE6DA03934F189B6DE4E7BFC" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="343CED21C84AAB9AD602BF55867D9A5E">
Named after the late Dr Amnon Freidberg, in recognition of his contribution to Dipterology and as collector of much of the type material from
<collectingCountry id="08E8DDB1B67A3CF30E453B32ED71FB92" name="Malawi">Malawi</collectingCountry>
. Noun in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKYCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F3B27957C78E4B04667701F4D584CFA6">
<heading id="664809AC842BBE0CA9F44B0B1B5AECE4" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="423148AA90BDA58F5A29A666EA70C780">
<collectingCountry id="85E5C8300FDC1E33EAB14C286CEC5BBA" name="Malawi">Malawi</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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