381 lines
45 KiB
XML
381 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="2AD61235B8D9934BB9DFB8667553EF2C" ID-CLB-Dataset="300348" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147" ID-GBIF-Dataset="06a147da-4f99-4a61-9c8a-db99a7f99164" ID-ZooBank="BEF04EEA-B9D0-4220-9BC4-84208488CCF2" ID-publisher-id="119147" URI-arpha="DB1B34B8-CC15-5B53-8857-2128652E2F3E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/BEF04EEA-B9D0-4220-9BC4-84208488CCF2" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1722264668390" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Manganelli, Giuseppe, Benocci, Andrea, Barbato, Debora & Giusti, Folco" docDate="2024" docId="63A046FFD7BC53FDBB21A07CD63234F0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1208: 99-132" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1208" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/119147/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Paropeas achatinaceum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="132" masterDocId="DB1B34B8CC155B5388572128652E2F3E" masterDocTitle="Five alien achatinid land snails (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata) first reported in greenhouses of Italian botanical gardens" masterLastPageNumber="132" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1722277814270" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1E561203F95EA926062A0BE924B643EF">Five alien achatinid land snails (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata) first reported in greenhouses of Italian botanical gardens</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2C5E8F582068F85C6B77D583FA39BF00" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="54B61B7F75884992C76150F75096E053">Manganelli, Giuseppe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="705E80C335DB2EFC64B6BB98A4290D35">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy & NBFC (National Biodiversity Future Center), Palermo, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2B2FA062E0847F87ABCBB3825E279167">Benocci, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5D1C8CCF12B088677824CAF9031873A0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3145-215X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="41229DAC1748F7A37FA2133279B1DE0A">Museo di Storia Naturale dell’Accademia dei Fisiocritici, Piazzetta S. Gigli 2, 53100 Siena, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C3B1A04A8CF8672799B53CB1F2929F21">Barbato, Debora</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61E7F8146D8D5F6759E04F3AC64D1B83">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy & NBFC (National Biodiversity Future Center), Palermo, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4066269B7BECA0528B3BF73E3D6A03DD">Giusti, Folco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2EB8606937B312FECF922672B22603D6">Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="622A67A4A27D651FBA34200AC622D8F2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="28CDA583197C7703740AF43D88881443">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D16220D34CF5BA5A0BCBCF7BF6141D28">
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<mods:date id="91FE78073E05740B38C25A3356C53CF8">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3843926C1B53D027F9E3EEE55FFD791C">2024-07-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="72F9842E75F24487F66AB33D44713707" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="696B6C052CD4E4CB89ADED2DFD93825C">1208</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1AC888E2B976BB9D24F9B7D4C6D28C74">99</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="8829DDDFC76D5A4CE6C671159B1433E6" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="63A046FFD7BC53FDBB21A07CD63234F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13124013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13124013" ID-arpha="63A046FF-D7BC-53FD-BB21-A07CD63234F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63A046FFD7BC53FDBB21A07CD63234F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/63A046FFD7BC53FDBB21A07CD63234F0">
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<subSubSection id="1632392CE870F9669726ADD6AA8BE0E6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6D314459455B437913DC12945CEA033A">
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<taxonomicName id="1BBFD84AB09515C5E9020AF91A9B1FD5" authority="(Pfeiffer, 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatinaceum">
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<emphasis id="0FBCEF1D83C2059BA58D7DD4F6EEC244" italics="true">Paropeas achatinaceum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="1C3829244A0B09803578F36C5D8B74FD" author="Pfeiffer L" journalOrPublisher="Fischer, Cassellis" refId="B110" refString="Pfeiffer L (1846) Symbolae ad historiam Heliceorum. Sectio tertia. Th. Fischer, Cassellis, 100 pp." title="Symbolae ad historiam Heliceorum. Sectio tertia. Th." year="1846">Pfeiffer, 1846</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5900586EB74A3BD33A3B59D97CD4388B" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="D6EB231DC5CA8E1155219C1961E95A39">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CCA48258F6709584BF5E56909B46D581">
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<treatmentCitation id="AA3648D4EDDE35A5F1BAD37B14AFBE56" author="Pfeiffer L" page="82" year="1846">
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<taxonomicName id="D423B0CCCB54414EC03D127313A9B91D" ID-CoL="NT7Y" authority="Pfeiffer, 1846: 82" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Bulimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatinaceus">
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<emphasis id="C3873734AC45532D05FA9870266C2313" italics="true">Bulimus achatinaceus</emphasis>
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<comment id="900688284FAAF2A2E957A84640773D32">
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<bibRefCitation id="61CBF7BE65D49A8DF49C0B27667AE2BB" author="Pfeiffer L" journalOrPublisher="Fischer, Cassellis" refId="B110" refString="Pfeiffer L (1846) Symbolae ad historiam Heliceorum. Sectio tertia. Th. Fischer, Cassellis, 100 pp." title="Symbolae ad historiam Heliceorum. Sectio tertia. Th." year="1846">Pfeiffer, 1846: 82</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality: “
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<collectingRegion id="AA587ABD849875F37E38981CEB667D1D" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur">Java</collectingRegion>
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”. Type material:
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<typeStatus id="C787372859DB0DEE82AA632244183909" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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no.
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<collectionCode id="9E39FA6E66A002AAC076517D63C8B002" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
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Moll. 65746, Zoological Museum,
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<collectingRegion id="8F2D1478F4C22EFD322786C3E775FBDD" country="Germany" name="Berlin">Berlin</collectingRegion>
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(
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<treatmentCitation id="DA82537BA3A5785C6F329E08AE3BDA9C">
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<bibRefCitation id="F064A64404194E377EF217EADEB9EDA9" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs 1994</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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: fig. 1).
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</comment>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENNBG" type="material">
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||
<paragraph id="DF5D20F0BA70A670D227D5BEBCE564C7">
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<heading id="7E57E45632870A106385C8E35895C792" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="757A30E0D30EF9534B6B7E75FD4FBA16">
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<materialsCitation id="E67B2FF9E82B721BC8B6179F950ABF4D" collectingDate="2019-03-06" collectionCode="GMC" collectorName="D. Barbato" country="Italy" county="Botanical Garden of Padua" latitude="45.39794" location="Padua" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="11.880658" municipality="Biodiversity Garden" specimenCode="GMC 57373" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="BA182ED1574FDB97B0445D69D5AC9346" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
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• 173 shells and 21 spirit specimens;
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<location id="433C510C6D88626784C2FF8300F93326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63A046FFD7BC53FDBB21A07CD63234F0:433C510C6D88626784C2FF8300F93326" country="Italy" county="Botanical Garden of Padua" latitude="45.39794" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="11.880658" municipality="Biodiversity Garden" name="Padua">Padua</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="C912F764EBA69FA4A435784B4F457F17">Biodiversity Garden</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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<collectingCounty id="F4B84A1196D860E89F9B1AC4563E8BDE">Botanical Garden of Padua</collectingCounty>
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);
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||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWNBG" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[11.880658,45.397942]}">
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||
<geoCoordinate id="7E49DBA024F5AD23702324343491B82D" degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="52.59" value="45.39794">45 ° 23 ' 52.59 " N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="99B25D818BE4EAA21A227EB5D938A49A" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="50.37" value="11.880658">11 ° 52 ' 50.37 " E</geoCoordinate>
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</named-content>
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;
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<date id="481BC21255B73B2AE220D78A42DAA842" value="2019-03-06">
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<collectingDate id="915EE86086CFDB32A8B3EFD962733CE5" value="2019-03-06">06 Mar. 2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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<collectorName id="2BA069FCA9127602D75C58D12EAFC699">D. Barbato</collectorName>
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leg.;
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<specimenCode id="DDE6B7EC3F6FC35CD992BC10CFA765AF" collectionCode="GMC" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rs4r-9303" name="Guangxi Medical College" type="">GMC 57373</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2NBG" type="description">
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<paragraph id="ABD443050C8129369B80F37D7316B4AA">
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<heading id="D82D0EACA3DF5517CC278826E499086C" reason="title">Description.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4934FDAA691730B7836C9CB24117AA02">
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<emphasis id="798DF21C65C384D31D9D9DFB6BD53585" bold="true" italics="true">Shell</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation id="DF4A3E6BA1700A904EFEA6DF10FA2043" captionStart="Figures 21–24" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 21–24. Shells of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures21-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103572">21–24</figureCitation>
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). Dextral, medium in size, minutely perforate to imperforate, elongate, slender, conical, rather robust, pearly off-white, opaque, with 7–9 slightly convex whorls, separated by rather deep and in places irregularly crenulate sutures. Apex obtuse, rounded, and smooth. Last whorl ~ 1 / 3 of shell height. Aperture small, ~ 1 / 4 of shell height, obliquely pyriform, slightly prosocline. Peristome interrupted, slightly thickened along outer margin, slightly reflected on columella, with callous rim on parietum and columella; columella straight; outer margin sinuous in lateral view (approximately inverse S-shaped). Protoconch smooth; teleoconch with evident irregular collabral striae. Shell dimensions:
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<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKOBG" xlink_title="shell height">SH</abbrev>
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<quantity id="E60A8525FCB91954AB86B9A815BA7D34" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.31" metricValueMin="0.94" unit="mm" value="11.25" valueMax="13.1" valueMin="9.4">9.4–13.1 mm</quantity>
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;
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||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOOBG" xlink_title="shell diameter">SD</abbrev>
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||
<quantity id="5A176F06B13565EE58FFE4CF4447E378" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.9" unit="mm" value="3.3499999999999996" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.8 mm</quantity>
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;
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<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESOBG" xlink_title="aperture height">AH</abbrev>
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3.0–
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<quantity id="948F1E598111BBBC8276FB06E875EB5E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
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||
;
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||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWOBG" xlink_title="aperture width">AW</abbrev>
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<quantity id="7CE60F882505CC35037732F595CA3E4C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.2 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="E6A28F75E70EDA8A8DC9857934FF67B2" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures21-24" ID-arpha="06F0F8D5-E651-582F-959E-9C5340EB47A1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103572" startId="F6">
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||
<paragraph id="9493B3133E6B1C91776C36BF981FE7CA">
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||
<label id="46C102EF887CE1C69240688004575087">Figures 21–24.</label>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="644B31DF9087488033CCEBA3F6458C22">
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Shells of
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<taxonomicName id="908A5491B95C190645DB353EAA668560" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatinaceum">
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<emphasis id="6DF1D2CA56FBB55CBA538379753D76EF" italics="true">Paropeas achatinaceum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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<paragraph id="44860B64839F77CBE48B88747B62D7AD">
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<emphasis id="70FE1FECEC19DF72AFEA49512E70D552" bold="true" italics="true">Female distal genitalia</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation id="0C9F8164A036FE529FCAB45677FFECA5" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 25–27. Genital anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019: 25 genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded) 26 detail of proximal penial complex 27 internal structure of vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573">25</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="53E6C20B1786D7AFF98178BD7EE6A245" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 25–27. Genital anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019: 25 genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded) 26 detail of proximal penial complex 27 internal structure of vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573">27</figureCitation>
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). Free oviduct long and wide. Bursa copulatrix sac-like, oval with long slender duct (slightly longer than bursa copulatrix), initially slightly flared, and medially convoluted around free oviduct. Vagina long and wide (longer than free oviduct) with huge proximal lateral bulge containing large ligula.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="47ADA25FAAE8832F360FAD30B057B16B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" ID-arpha="A6727875-FD82-5952-9853-6BCD9F6797AC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573" startId="F7">
|
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<paragraph id="75FB4CCD6C8A806B0F6FA20E7C73A0D8">
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<label id="25C38B12A912FB2E75B85D344FB95C5C">Figures 25–27.</label>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33E1D9B69AFAF4774B7C676A83EE5B1D">
|
||
Genital anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F2D1A7233B9CBE1D19AA9CAAC6AEFD9" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatinaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CB9A2C5FB4A42428D2A3E2BD644499DE" italics="true">Paropeas achatinaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019:
|
||
<emphasis id="A47BF4D3CE83F9BD016F2D04DE2FA842" bold="true">25</emphasis>
|
||
genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded)
|
||
<emphasis id="D38B10C8B296756F6D620A0D805077B0" bold="true">26</emphasis>
|
||
detail of proximal penial complex
|
||
<emphasis id="8B9F19AE7968E4C700E98B5AEE4772B7" bold="true">27</emphasis>
|
||
internal structure of vagina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A73AE94C6CAD39BE6D8722CE40C595C">
|
||
<emphasis id="364F6F4467D25D8C56BFB192DED09F98" bold="true" italics="true">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F296B4DA580FC772E6A63329D72986C2" country="Maldives" name="Maale">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
distal genitalia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="64F622E37DA661C8B52FB7B821371EA0" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 25–27. Genital anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019: 25 genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded) 26 detail of proximal penial complex 27 internal structure of vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573">25–27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vas deferens of variable diameter (proximal tract narrow, medial tract slightly wider and final tract very narrow), entering penial complex at its proximal end. Penial complex consisting of epiphallus, penial caecum and penis. Epiphallus very short. Penial caecum very short (as long as epiphallus). Penis very long, distinctly divided into proximal and distal parts by difference in calibre; proximal part longer (almost twice distal penis), slender and thin walled; distal penis shorter (half proximal penis), thick, muscular walled and enveloped by penial sheath. Penial retractor muscle bifid, one branch inserted on proximal end of penis, the other branch on tip of penial caecum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="45A045B5B0E8DBF4BEA9D76F3AE90EDC">
|
||
<emphasis id="2827CCE0A692584E60A61BAE56EC1F64" bold="true" italics="true">Genital atrium</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="4EF9BF9983F58DB5025C773A9803BFBE" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 25–27. Genital anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019: 25 genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded) 26 detail of proximal penial complex 27 internal structure of vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573">25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="8C8A9FAAD55E6D14B0DD4DCBD17928EC" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 25–27. Genital anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019: 25 genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded) 26 detail of proximal penial complex 27 internal structure of vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573">27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZRBG" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9F324DD3D536FD99958E302FC90C637">
|
||
<heading id="88EC3E4AB30B5F236081839B7AEFDDBA" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A450E387561F3C228EF4DD53C9938412">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2325C511A7681CE4D50BAD0467930BB1" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatinaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="33CB1CA40DF93A7C6E7EC19423F30878" italics="true">Paropeas achatinaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the best known subulinids thanks to the excellent anatomical study and the careful taxonomic revision by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="29BB1D05524C3CE763D0AD6FB23BEF0D" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Our anatomical study (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="D4B566444B77525F4C343FB946E7E229" captionStart="Figures 25–27" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 25–27. Genital anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum from the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), D. Barbato leg. 06 Mar. 2019: 25 genitalia (hermaphrodite gonad excluded) 26 detail of proximal penial complex 27 internal structure of vagina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1208.119147.figures25-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1103573">25–27</figureCitation>
|
||
) fully agrees with that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5CBD7BA555F57E3EBAD0E392920DD875" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A0DB55D7DEFDA0232422C2A2EA4A018">
|
||
This species is regarded as native to tropical Asia, where it occurs from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="37662DBB68956662B5E2A6DFB033F31D" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="32D915CD156D11FEFB4CE2B56BA3E48A" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
to South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="45D5FABB77721930453F6FCC379F2817" name="China">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Outside this area it is found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="91E33AA9465D15B559988409CD27ADE4" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Pacific islands, West Indian Ocean islands, Europe, and the West Asia (see Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="11DF7C0BA38FC054D6EADAF7151C11C5" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Geographical distribution of Paropeas achatinaceum. Asterisks indicate countries / islands where the species has been recorded only in greenhouses or very disturbed anthropogenic habitats; hash symbol denotes one record based on a specimen of unknown origin recovered from sandy detritus collected on a beach." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CF1A7D9D8A66B6B3F348784EF5FE883E" tableUuid="CF1A7D9D8A66B6B3F348784EF5FE883E">3</tableCitation>
|
||
for details and references).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CF1A7D9D8A66B6B3F348784EF5FE883E" ID-Table-UUID="CF1A7D9D8A66B6B3F348784EF5FE883E" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CF1A7D9D8A66B6B3F348784EF5FE883E" startId="T3">
|
||
<paragraph id="9995C06CD4699A08FC62F7174D7D7867">
|
||
<label id="5BBCA10E97EBA6870E0FE1B9226F5210">Table 3.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA5AF60860E7913C6FC6192417BC36D9">
|
||
Geographical distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="130D2F3AE3F862BD50CF0744A715BFBB" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Paropeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="achatinaceum">
|
||
<emphasis id="2676B146B6F293C68B53E7F7BE3D99E3" italics="true">Paropeas achatinaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Asterisks indicate countries / islands where the species has been recorded only in greenhouses or very disturbed anthropogenic habitats; hash symbol denotes one record based on a specimen of unknown origin recovered from sandy detritus collected on a beach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F8D162C7BD37C61D1306D46C6D696D8">
|
||
<table id="TID0ESBAK" rules="all">
|
||
<tbody id="B277D40A6D12E8EC3DC468F1E31B9B9D">
|
||
<tr id="595650B799FC8F5424786A37B7CA3E4F">
|
||
<th id="2E90B84CD83EBA6B3FDCBEA6716A63B6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Regions</th>
|
||
<th id="4FC6C64A9C780BC612809D9D6AA208A4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Countries / Islands</th>
|
||
<th id="DE655094B6339D1675AEEA55BDA7166B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">References</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="44733C1A3A59ABFB1453390B22B382B8">
|
||
<td id="3C48B44AC0BAEFA35C329EDB5E3EBD01" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="089893FC4E5C1EE13FE0EC58CD614F77" bold="true">Europe</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="B4CDCEE6F513F651C4E41F84C9B43B2E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
Austria *, Italy *, and Malta
|
||
<superScript id="D725A2C00E08B976469B54153D1F60F8">
|
||
<emphasis id="1331261A8D244711A8775B8E4DC729A3" bold="true">#</emphasis>
|
||
</superScript>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="3F4AF745C130E4025AEC8E21CFC19461" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8F1D81175E0EAD4E991EB49164E6CE07" DOI="10.4002/040.063.0112" author="Horsák M & Naggs F & Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Horsak" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pagination="123-130" refId="B66" refString="Horsák M, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2020) Paropeas achatinaceum (Pfeiffer, 1846) and other alien subulinine and opeatine land snails in European greenhouses (Gastropoda, Achatinidae). Malacologia 63 (1): 123–130. https://doi.org/10.4002/040.063.0112" title="Paropeas achatinaceum (Pfeiffer, 1846) and other alien subulinine and opeatine land snails in European greenhouses (Gastropoda, Achatinidae)." volume="63" year="2020">Horsák et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7410C869A19C9C0F4171B439EAC15AA8" DOI="10.53559/BollMalacol.2022.15" author="Cilia DP & Nappo A & Cardona S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cilia" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino Malacologico" pagination="126-142" refId="B24" refString="Cilia DP, Nappo A, Cardona S (2022) Contributions to the malacology of Malta, IV & V: Second European record of Paropeas achatinaceum (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) (Gastropoda, Achatinidae) and an annotated checklist of allochthonous non-marine gastropods. Bollettino Malacologico 58 (2): 126–142. https://doi.org/10.53559/BollMalacol.2022.15" title="Contributions to the malacology of Malta, IV & V: Second European record of Paropeas achatinaceum (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) (Gastropoda, Achatinidae) and an annotated checklist of allochthonous non-marine gastropods." volume="58" year="2022">Cilia et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this paper
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5D679967928AC18FF1A36BEF10EDF30C">
|
||
<td id="F8FD76EE9DB4B159E8F719D8C60399AB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EC7231C68E8B6CFF82EA22DCAEA5D60" bold="true">West Indian Ocean</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="CA2D0FF993D96FC8A07DE1AEA27BF7B1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Mascarene and Seychelles</td>
|
||
<td id="7BB7A8D92D6EF606C868E0879242AEC7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B8B36D4D1A9C775B9B9E00AB5254213A" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="76A1A646611387AB5FA8DA78514BC232" author="Griffiths OL & Florens VFB" firstAuthor="Griffiths" journalOrPublisher="Bioculture Press, Mauritius" refId="B57" refString="Griffiths OL, Florens VFB (2006) A field guide to the non-marine molluscs of the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, Réunion and Rodrigues) and the northern dependencies of Mauritius. Bioculture Press, Mauritius, 188 pp." title="A field guide to the non-marine molluscs of the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, Réunion and Rodrigues) and the northern dependencies of Mauritius." year="2006">Griffiths and Florens (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="36D44AF33BFB7624E73C47A69B7E1ED3">
|
||
<td id="F5936BA0C47C3E7DADDC2ABD94395309" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="0F484B203CF3928BB51C297A5D1BA626" bold="true">West Asia</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="866B85FD1C32408057C74955F039B1D9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Iraq</td>
|
||
<td id="97A94F6C213199F9D7AF66823E026992" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8CB326CE47BDFE033C35D1E7D262EF6E" DOI="10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00782.5" author="Hussein IA & Aldoori NL & Aldoori ML" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hussein" issue="10" journalOrPublisher="Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology" pagination="4267-4271" refId="B72" refString="Hussein IA, Aldoori NL, Aldoori ML (2018) Sequencing of mitochondrial COI gene in new Iraqi record Paropeas achatinaceum L. P. Feiffer, 1846, Gastropoda: Subulinoidea. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 11 (10): 4267–4271. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00782.5" title="Sequencing of mitochondrial COI gene in new Iraqi record Paropeas achatinaceum L. P. Feiffer, 1846, Gastropoda: Subulinoidea." volume="11" year="2018">Hussein et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4A041F505327871AF547364E3BE9119F">
|
||
<td id="9E264969CCCCD68F41BCE979CDC51122" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="2ECCFDC3DC3BBFAB34167312CFF6B8DC" bold="true">South Asia</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="5D866FAD8E0BE7A65A0425691401B150" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nepal and Sri Lanka</td>
|
||
<td id="8ED599D07404A6997C590CA2D05849B0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92D1719CCB8FFEED6EABFB8E861345DE" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E656E6B8A3B2CDAD0478CA722749AAC9" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" author="Budha PB & Naggs F & Backeljau T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Budha" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="1-48" refId="B21" refString="Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2015) Annotated Checklist of the Terrestrial Gastropods of Nepal. ZooKeys 492: 1–48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.492.9175" title="Annotated Checklist of the Terrestrial Gastropods of Nepal." volume="492" year="2015">Budha et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3DF36DB0993634CE7CBF4AC452A8755">
|
||
<td id="B910B8C051F856D0BF68ECC1EC1428EF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB3E678D5D26CAA00D0BF25F9B7D92F6" bold="true">South-East Asia</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="9BD45847565452D1F4974FC04294EA36" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Borneo, Indonesia, and Singapore</td>
|
||
<td id="F882790D7BD85069E2CF8EF064B7FFDE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6AC37FD3C84E49B90C050FBA5373AE6C" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BF86B6AB7CE48A082B88457AB82E8825" DOI="10.1093/mollus/67.4.417" author="Schilthuizen M & Rutjes HA" firstAuthor="Schilthuizen" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="417-423" refId="B141" refString="Schilthuizen M, Rutjes HA (2001) Land snail diversity in a square kilometre of tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. The Journal of Molluscan Studies 67 (4): 417–423. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/67.4.417" title="Land snail diversity in a square kilometre of tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo." volume="67" year="2001">Schilthuizen and Rutjes (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8E5FA4875720780A8F962C9C7701FE3E" author="Tan SK & Lim KKP & Chua MAH" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tan" journalOrPublisher="Nature in Singapore" pagination="25-30" refId="B156" refString="Tan SK, Lim KKP, Chua MAH (2015) Terrestrial snails and slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of Pulau Tekong, Singapore. Nature in Singapore 8: 25–30." title="Terrestrial snails and slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of Pulau Tekong, Singapore." volume="8" year="2015">Tan et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DB9F998A2D3B685DCA78B69B22937C81" DOI="10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.013" author="Nurinsiyaha AS & Fauzia H & Hennig C & Hausdorf B" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nurinsiyaha" journalOrPublisher="Ecological Indicators" pagination="557-565" refId="B105" refString="Nurinsiyaha AS, Fauzia H, Hennig C, Hausdorf B (2016) Native and introduced land snail species as ecological indicators in different land use types in Java. Ecological Indicators 70: 557–565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.013" title="Native and introduced land snail species as ecological indicators in different land use types in Java." volume="70" year="2016">Nurinsiyaha et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0197626A21E255B36E1FC424D12A2C29" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.673.12422" author="Phung C-C & Yu FTY & Liew T-S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phung" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="49-104" refId="B113" refString="Phung C-C, Yu FTY, Liew T-S (2017) A checklist of land snails from the west coast islands of Sabah, Borneo (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 673: 49–104. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.673.12422" title="A checklist of land snails from the west coast islands of Sabah, Borneo (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." volume="673" year="2017">Phung et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="86E77DA9B88F918CEC3A445D50757846">
|
||
<td id="C4FCCD305AB2B3F9E2996B2623E96D98" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DC8C2E264B3733685359024C8F5CDCC" bold="true">East Asia</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="34D181468A23D8DA9247FC1A31A0350E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dongsha Island and Hong Kong</td>
|
||
<td id="37BB178A98F4504CB95E8AE2B736526F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0128A2E700DE1EE018CA464605C23F25" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="97F8135E335F14009BFE32FB9E21AF03" author="Wu SP & Hwang CC & Huang HM & Chang HW & Lin YS & Lee PF" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wu" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Taiwania" pagination="145-151" refId="B178" refString="Wu SP, Hwang CC, Huang HM, Chang HW, Lin YS, Lee PF (2007) Land molluscan fauna of the Dongsha Island with twenty new recorded species. Taiwania 52 (2): 145–151." title="Land molluscan fauna of the Dongsha Island with twenty new recorded species." volume="52" year="2007">Wu et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="24710B124187A18F02E7269BCE1B29F7">
|
||
<td id="4E056BD53612D2DF2B11E62A75142BEC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="2F77FE49A40A4677A5D856E0C9945D3F" bold="true">Oceania</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76B5C47CFB5D5F9432BE9F500E47EF63" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Australia and Pacific islands (American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hawaii, Northern Mariana Islands, Samoa, and Tonga)</td>
|
||
<td id="174E1836915CF5BC70F58A86CF815109" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7CCD3362912324BC8D2138F921A4ADF0" DOI="10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" author="Naggs F" firstAuthor="Naggs" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Molluscan Studies" pagination="175-191" refId="B100" refString="Naggs F (1994) The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae). The Journal of Molluscan Studies 60 (2): 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/60.2.175" title="The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)." volume="60" year="1994">Naggs (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B53538AE85E9E46DAD0EB5971CBC2A4E" author="Cowie" editor="Sherley G" firstAuthor="Cowie" journalOrPublisher="South Pacific Regional Environment Programme, Apia" pagination="143-172" refId="B28" refString="Cowie RH (2000) Non-indigenous land and freshwater molluscs in the islands of the Pacific: conservation impacts and threats. In: Sherley G (Ed.) Invasive Species in The Pacific: A Technical Review and Regional Strategy. South Pacific Regional Environment Programme, Apia, 143–172." title="Non-indigenous land and freshwater molluscs in the islands of the Pacific: conservation impacts and threats." volumeTitle="Invasive Species in The Pacific: A Technical Review and Regional Strategy." year="2000">Cowie (2000</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F1F8EEBCB2FB8109F76A617202380182" DOI="10.1023/A:1014529019000" author="Cowie" firstAuthor="Cowie" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Biological Invasions" pagination="119-136" refId="B29" refString="Cowie RH (2001) Invertebrate invasions on Pacific Islands and the replacement of unique native faunas: A synthesis of the land and freshwater snails. Biological Invasions 3 (2): 119–136. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014529019000" title="Invertebrate invasions on Pacific Islands and the replacement of unique native faunas: A synthesis of the land and freshwater snails." volume="3" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8A55BEEAFE19A0571053098CA8F2C079" author="Shea M" firstAuthor="Shea" journalOrPublisher="Malacological Society of Australasia Newsletter" pagination="3-11" refId="B144" refString="Shea M (2007) Exotic snails and slugs found in Australia. Malacological Society of Australasia Newsletter 131: 3–11." title="Exotic snails and slugs found in Australia." volume="131" year="2007">Shea (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C90468A49373B6134A2F354ABA98782E" author="Brook FJ & Walter RK & Craig JA" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brook" journalOrPublisher="Tuhinga" pagination="75-98" refId="B19" refString="Brook FJ, Walter RK, Craig JA (2010) Changes in the terrestrial molluscan fauna of Miti’āro, southern Cook Islands. Tuhinga 21: 75–98." title="Changes in the terrestrial molluscan fauna of Miti’āro, southern Cook Islands." volume="21" year="2010">Brook et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5EBDC2C73D21A74A37EDB960D890F284" author="Stanisic J & Shea M & Potter D & Griffiths O" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Stanisic" journalOrPublisher="Mauritius, Bioculture Press for the Australian Museum" refId="B153" refString="Stanisic J, Shea M, Potter D, Griffiths O (2010) Australian land snails volume 1. A field guide to eastern Australian species. Mauritius, Bioculture Press for the Australian Museum, 591 pp." title="Australian land snails volume 1. A field guide to eastern Australian species." year="2010">Stanisic et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D66042DC0186BCC8209E088F08098B4" author="Kerr AM & Bauman S" firstAuthor="Kerr" refId="B79" refString="Kerr AM, Bauman S (2013) Annotated checklist of the land snails of the Mariana Islands, Micronesia. University of Guam Marine Laboratory Technical Report 148, [vii +] 72 pp." year="2013">Kerr and Bauman (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BEC0347C8F9B5AF1EEADD2CA2E4621E9" author="Brook FJ" editor="Atherton JN & McKenna SA & Wheatley A" firstAuthor="Brook" journalOrPublisher="Secretariat of the Pacific regional environment Programme, Apia, Samoa" pagination="79-91" refId="B18" refString="Brook FJ (2014) Land snails of Vava’u. In: Atherton JN, McKenna SA, Wheatley A (Eds) Rapid biodiversity assessment of the Vava’u Archipelago, Kingdom of Tonga. Secretariat of the Pacific regional environment Programme, Apia, Samoa, 79–91." title="Land snails of Vava’u." volumeTitle="Rapid biodiversity assessment of the Vava’u Archipelago, Kingdom of Tonga." year="2014">Brook (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64785C72875E40AAC65AA767229FFECD" author="Cowie RH & Rundell RJ & Yeung NW" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cowie" refId="B31" refString="Cowie RH, Rundell RJ, Yeung NW (2017) Samoan land snails and slugs. An identification guide. Pago Pago, American Samoa. Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Government, Contribution (Pacific Biological Survey), no. 2017-004, [viii +] 71 pp." year="2017">Cowie et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19ED480AFAE602E55C9DA61F48DE0971">
|
||
The species was found in the Biodiversity Garden (Botanical Garden of Padua), where it forms a well-established population, as in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="594C7B79083FE580F89B8FA287B584F7" country="Austria" name="Wien">Vienna</collectingRegion>
|
||
Zoo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="94645EEA29D6EA777927E7728AA2CE2F" name="Austria">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4F30F049B3F6F37F60C0DF55A8D6757C" DOI="10.4002/040.063.0112" author="Horsak" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Horsak" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pagination="123-130" refId="B66" refString="Horsák M, Naggs F, Backeljau T (2020) Paropeas achatinaceum (Pfeiffer, 1846) and other alien subulinine and opeatine land snails in European greenhouses (Gastropoda, Achatinidae). Malacologia 63 (1): 123–130. https://doi.org/10.4002/040.063.0112" title="Paropeas achatinaceum (Pfeiffer, 1846) and other alien subulinine and opeatine land snails in European greenhouses (Gastropoda, Achatinidae)." volume="63" year="2020">Horsák et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, the report from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="77E03D34338D4CC92C476596EFF74BB7" name="Malta">Malta</collectingCountry>
|
||
is only based on a specimen of unknown origin recovered from sandy detritus collected on a beach (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF71D4DB371156290E9142275812A093" DOI="10.53559/BollMalacol.2022.15" author="Cilia" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cilia" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino Malacologico" pagination="126-142" refId="B24" refString="Cilia DP, Nappo A, Cardona S (2022) Contributions to the malacology of Malta, IV & V: Second European record of Paropeas achatinaceum (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) (Gastropoda, Achatinidae) and an annotated checklist of allochthonous non-marine gastropods. Bollettino Malacologico 58 (2): 126–142. https://doi.org/10.53559/BollMalacol.2022.15" title="Contributions to the malacology of Malta, IV & V: Second European record of Paropeas achatinaceum (L. Pfeiffer, 1846) (Gastropoda, Achatinidae) and an annotated checklist of allochthonous non-marine gastropods." volume="58" year="2022">Cilia et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is the first report from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D7684A5B060CF9C731219EDA07359CF6" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the third from Europe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |