257 lines
34 KiB
XML
257 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="D79C99A4DE1DB7659073A5248FFD48B6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11404264" ID-ISSN="1525-9153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11404264" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1716907766958" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Barrio-Amorós, César L., Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M. & Señaris, J. Celsa" docDate="2019" docId="4608879FFFBCFF886C3CF931FBE0FE59" docLanguage="en" docName="AmphibReptileCons.13.1.e180.pdf" docOrigin="Amphibian & Reptile Conservation (e 180) 13 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2DCF38F802BD4DFFCCCB5916C58E77B3.2:AmphibReptileConse.2015-.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="2DCF38F802BD4DFFCCCB5916C58E77B3" docStyleName="AmphibReptileConse.2015-.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Rhinella beebei" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="BA31FFE7FFACFF986D36FA1CFFB9FFDF" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of the amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and annotated species list, distribution, and conservation" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1717186961153" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
|
<mods:mods id="0D866612BCF3AFF740E9437695DA883F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="FD853B3D2C1A1C81D6E2D2E3CFCF8BA0">
|
|
<mods:title id="EDB7DC79044F1BE51CCF23B38A7AA262">Catalogue of the amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and annotated species list, distribution, and conservation</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="780EDD0F23611DD29AB869BDDD763269" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="BE67F057B005C14BD83D92A1A558932F">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="1134F5E5F8BBEE1B585014460C35EAC7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="BCDC33B9770CB2F4DB79A1A343983F65">Barrio-Amorós, César L.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="4D44CA8DADA2361484A9320CD3FBB896">Fundación AndígenA, Apartado Postal 210, Mérida, VENEZUELA & Current address: Doc Frog Expeditions, Uvita de Osa, COSTA RICA</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A1F12A42CDA12B333EB4D888F219B60" type="email">cesarlba@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="D9FE39C006E5D1A8C9729EFFC3EAE4F7" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="0D3B2D1661A9C7F60AE16325CB7687BC">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="4D329472A1D08A2D93C2698468B836B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="6F6F65E0DFD44FE591840314BCD55BB7">Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="F7C16381F4F216A50A896823C3DA4CEB">Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Apartado Postal 1930, Caracas 1010 - A, VENEZUELA & Current address: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Río Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre, RS 90619 - 900, BRAZIL</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="074FA76D734210091702D59C66B81663" type="email">rojas_runjaic@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="D2263BC94977EB01C1B6DFDE308C34F6" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="67E39F67A7EBD46B3DEC3FB59EA06F8E">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="C76501A0FA129F6ABF0FAC2BD3AB94A0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="88B2F2416C6A623F85CC2A38303B4179">Señaris, J. Celsa</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="E3733CB1847EF888A5BD9993F35E0197">Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Altos de Pipe, apartado 20632, Caracas 1020, VENEZUELA</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7BC0A7AAC5A848169DE52C2A8FD80449" type="email">celsisenaris@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="2A105D3C3A8FD9D91D8AE3F3D39A5F28">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="E689D0DC009B5489363329345833544A" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="1B1713BF9FDDAAFFCAD90963F4775B35">
|
|
<mods:title id="E2E8A9D30F195C744396B53C1094BBE5">Amphibian & Reptile Conservation</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="29451BFBC0FFF9186C4E62BECF55637C">
|
|
<mods:date id="2CF0B66DFCB939ACEC35CE1CF8423A69">2019</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="A8691C6311585D1BF32532D46FDFAC1A" type="series">
|
|
<mods:title id="C2C69C64A8D12B3E9117BC87D448408D">e 180</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="F8167AED9C82F039AB4B1D3885D52050" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="5B5FBB3332840030A9E82D0BFC931BBD">2019-07-14</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="EFBF4846983CD73BC81B35B8CCB65693" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="593DC2DCC3E0B5CA67FDD238255D0929">13</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="D14BA26FA3FCADF2EAD81976E636E0DF" type="issue">
|
|
<mods:number id="1E18CA95A9197258558120F0A1F36995">1</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="471C2FB24311DB9B77DEC2A8048D9243" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="E488A856E0CD058165E1F7D11DCCCEF3">1</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="328B930B5E501951CF7B07FA019592C4">198</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:classification id="84908A4C9266570E2C5F42CE08EFDCB9">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="4FD8FAEBDA5FB382BF89F890BFC15A70" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.11404264</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="C82E132F178D6D4B2DE9EBE634B93406" type="ISSN">1525-9153</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="F4892B5D8F944F66C2B285B5F1E5ECC8" type="Zenodo-Dep">11404264</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="4608879FFFBCFF886C3CF931FBE0FE59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11404923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11404923" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4608879FFFBCFF886C3CF931FBE0FE59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4608879FFFBCFF886C3CF931FBE0FE59" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<subSubSection id="86BB6502FFBCFF886C3CF931FDD4FC9A" box="[266,621,813,838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="CE1E3689FFBCFF886C3CF931FDD4FC9A" blockId="16.[266,621,813,838]" box="[266,621,813,838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<heading id="955681E5FFBCFF886C3CF931FDD4FC9A" box="[266,621,813,838]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" reason="4">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886C3CF931FDD4FC9A" ID-CoL="4S7MG" authority="(Gallardo, 1965)" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[266,621,813,838]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886C3CF931FE0CFC9A" bold="true" box="[266,437,813,837]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Rhinella beebei</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886CF5F932FDDFFC9A" author="Gallardo JM" box="[451,614,813,838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="107 - 138" refId="ref92472" refString="Gallardo JM. 1965. The species Bufo granulosus Spix (Salientia: Bufonidae) and its geographic variation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 134: 107 - 138." type="journal article" year="1965">Gallardo, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="86BB6502FFBCFF886DBBF972FE0FFC1A" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="CE1E3689FFBCFF886DBBF972FE0AFC5A" blockId="16.[141,746,877,1958]" box="[141,435,877,902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7EC93CD4FFBCFF886DBBF972FE0AFC5A" box="[141,435,877,902]" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="AMNH 557774" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886DBBF972FF47FC59" bold="true" box="[141,254,878,902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<typeStatus id="111A882BFFBCFF886DBBF972FF40FC59" box="[141,249,878,902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
:
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<specimenCode id="9E079EF2FFBCFF886C35F972FE16FC5A" box="[259,431,877,902]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">AMNH 557774</specimenCode>
|
|
.
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CE1E3689FFBCFF886DBBF992FE0FFC1A" blockId="16.[141,746,877,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886DBBF992FE94FC7A" bold="true" box="[141,301,909,934]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Type locality:</emphasis>
|
|
<materialsCitation id="7EC93CD4FFBCFF886C0EF992FE0FFC1A" country="Trinidad and Tobago" elevation="30" location="Churchill-Roosevelt" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="30">
|
|
<location id="CB7E6052FFBCFF886C0EF992FDA9FC79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4608879FFFBCFF886C3CF931FBE0FE59:CB7E6052FFBCFF886C0EF992FDA9FC79" box="[312,528,910,934]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="Churchill-Roosevelt" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Churchill-Roosevelt</location>
|
|
highway, Trinidad,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886DBBF9B2FED7FC19" box="[141,366,942,966]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity id="09599B6CFFBCFF886C4FF9B2FE0BFC1A" box="[377,434,942,966]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="30.0">
|
|
<elevation id="458CD1BAFFBCFF886C4FF9B2FE0BFC1A" box="[377,434,942,966]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
.
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="86BB6502FFBCFF886DBBF9D1FF6AFB59" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="CE1E3689FFBCFF886DBBF9D1FF6AFB59" blockId="16.[141,746,877,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886DBBF9D1FE9BFC3A" bold="true" box="[141,290,973,997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
|
Regions 3, 5, 6. Widespread in open areas throughout northern
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886CFBF9F2FD82FBD9" box="[461,571,1006,1030]" name="Venezuela" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|
and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886FBEF9F2FD5FFBD9" box="[648,742,1006,1030]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
|
. In
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886D99FE12FEA4FBF9" box="[175,285,1038,1062]" name="Venezuela" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|
species is found in lowland open areas, north and south of the Orinoco River, and has also been documented on Margarita Island (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F2EFE52FF7EFB59" author="Ugueto GN & Rivas G." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref109916" refString="Ugueto GN, Rivas G. 2010. Amphibians and Reptiles of Margarita, Coche and Cubagua. Frankfurt Contributions to Natural History. Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 350 p." type="book" year="2010">Ugueto and Rivas 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="86BB6502FFBCFF886DBBFE92FBE0FE59" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="CE1E3689FFBCFF886DBBFE92FD1AF919" blockId="16.[141,746,877,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886DBBFE92FF47FB79" bold="true" box="[141,254,1166,1190]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886C3EFE92FDE3FB79" author="Narvaes P & Rodrigues MT" box="[264,602,1166,1190]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref102878" refString="Narvaes P, Rodrigues MT. 2009. Taxonomic revision of Rhinella granulosa species group (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae), with a description of a new species. Arquivos de Zoologia 40: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="2009">Narvaes and Rodrigues (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
changed the previous concept of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886C9DFEB2FD82FB19" baseAuthorityName="Spix" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[427,571,1198,1222]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosa">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886C9DFEB2FD82FB19" box="[427,571,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. granulosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species group, recognizing available subspecific names as full species levels, and invalidating others.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886F11FEF2FF55FAF9" authorityName="Gallardo" authorityYear="1965" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="granulosus" subSpecies="barbouri">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886F11FEF2FF55FAF9" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Bufo granulosus barbouri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Isla Margarita and
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886F37FF12FD3DFAF9" box="[513,644,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
B. g.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886F08FF12FD3DFAF9" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[574,644,1294,1318]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">beebei</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
from the Orinoco Basin and northern
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886CF2FF32FD8BFA99" box="[452,562,1326,1350]" name="Venezuela" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|
were considered synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886C28FF52FE11FAB9" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[286,424,1358,1382]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldti">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886C28FF52FE11FAB9" box="[286,424,1358,1382]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. humboldti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886C80FF52FD29FAB9" author="Pereyra MO & Baldo D & Blotto BL & Iglesias PP & Thome MTC & Haddad CFB & Barrio-Amoros C & Ibanez R & Faivovich J." box="[438,656,1358,1382]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="36 - 53" refId="ref103877" refString="Pereyra MO, Baldo D, Blotto BL, Iglesias PP, Thome MTC, Haddad CFB, Barrio-Amoros C, Ibanez R, Faivovich J. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships of toads of the Rhinella granulosa group (Anura: Bufonidae): a molecular perspective with comments on hybridization and introgression. Cladistics 32: 36 - 53." type="journal article" year="2016">Pereyra et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
showed two parapatric populations (one on lowlands around Puerto Ayacucho, another in uplands of Gran Sabana) as monophyletic under the name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886CCEFFB2FD3DFA19" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[504,644,1454,1478]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldti">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886CCEFFB2FD3DFA19" box="[504,644,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. humboldti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886FA5FFB2FEABFA39" author="Murphy JC & Angarita-Sierra T & Downie JR & Jowers MJ" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="267 - 278" refId="ref102545" refString="Murphy JC, Angarita-Sierra T, Downie JR, Jowers MJ. 2017. Toads, tall mountains and taxonomy: the Rhinella granulosa group (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae) on both sides of the Andes. Salamandra 53: 267 - 278." type="journal article" year="2017">Murphy et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
revised the name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886CEDFFD2FD98FA39" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[475,545,1486,1510]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886CEDFFD2FD98FA39" box="[475,545,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">beebei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
for populations in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886DBBFFF2FF51F9D9" box="[141,232,1518,1542]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
|
and northern
|
|
<collectingCountry id="B6B67619FFBCFF886CB1FFF2FE4EF9D9" box="[391,503,1518,1542]" name="Venezuela" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|
, noting differences in genetics and vocalizations among
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886CC8FC12FD30F9F9" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[510,649,1550,1574]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldti">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886CC8FC12FD30F9F9" box="[510,649,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. humboldti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(a trans-Andean species) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886C4CFC32FE58F999" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[378,481,1582,1606]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886C4CFC32FE58F999" box="[378,481,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. beebei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Notably, no specimens from the Lake Maracaibo Basin were analyzed. Further work is required to determine if that population represents
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886DC9FC92FE31F979" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[255,392,1678,1702]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldti">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886DC9FC92FE31F979" box="[255,392,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. humboldti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886CA2FC92FE44F979" box="[404,509,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886CA2FC92FE40F979" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[404,505,1678,1702]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">R. beebei</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886F29FC92FD21F979" authorityName="Narvaes and Rodrigues" authorityYear="2009" box="[543,664,1678,1702]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886F29FC92FD21F979" box="[543,664,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. centralis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and/or a combination of these species living in sympatry.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CE1E3689FFBCFF886DBBFCD1FBE0FE59" blockId="16.[141,746,877,1958]" lastBlockId="16.[791,1395,142,390]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886DBBFCD1FEC0F93A" bold="true" box="[141,377,1741,1765]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Selected references:</emphasis>
|
|
Some of these references are based on populations of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886CA2FCF2FE40F8D9" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[404,505,1774,1798]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beebei">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886CA2FCF2FE40F8D9" box="[404,505,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">R. beebei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
under the names
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886F81FCF2FEBDF8F9" authorityName="Spix" authorityYear="1824" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886F81FCF2FEBDF8F9" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Bufo granulosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="09A14D0AFFBCFF886C11FD12FE4DF8F9" baseAuthorityName="Gallardo" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[295,500,1806,1830]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldti">
|
|
<emphasis id="FCD5EA9BFFBCFF886C11FD12FE4DF8F9" box="[295,500,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Rhinella humboldti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F37FD12FD17F8F9" author="Boettger O." box="[513,686,1806,1830]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref86956" refString="Boettger O. 1892. Katalog der Batrachier-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 73 p." type="book" year="1892">Boettger (1892)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F8EFD12FF6EF899" author="Lutz A." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="35 - 65" refId="ref99402" refString="Lutz A. 1927. Notas sobre batrachios da Venezuela e da Ilha de trinidad. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 20: 35 - 65." type="journal article" year="1927">Lutz (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886DDAFD32FE32F899" author="Parker HW" box="[236,395,1838,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref103365" refString="Parker HW. 1936. A collection of reptiles and amphibians from the Upper Orinoco. Memoires du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 12: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1936">Parker (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886CA9FD32FD81F89A" author="Gines H." box="[415,568,1837,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="85 - 146" refId="ref92933" refString="Gines H. 1959. Familias y generos de anfibios Amphibia de Venezuela. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle 19: 85 - 146." type="journal article" year="1959">Ginés (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F7AFD32FD5CF899" author="Rivero JA" box="[588,741,1838,1862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 267" refId="ref104771" refString="Rivero JA. 1961. Salientia of Venezuela. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 126: 1 - 267." type="journal article" year="1961">Rivero (1961</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 1964a-c, 1967c);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886C65FD52FE59F8B9" author="Roze JA" box="[339,480,1870,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="209 - 241" refId="ref107318" refString="Roze JA. 1964. La herpetologia de la isla Margarita, Venezuela. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle 69: 209 - 241." type="journal article" year="1964">Roze (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886CC6FD52FD1AF8BA" author="Gallardo JM" box="[496,675,1869,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="107 - 138" refId="ref92472" refString="Gallardo JM. 1965. The species Bufo granulosus Spix (Salientia: Bufonidae) and its geographic variation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 134: 107 - 138." type="journal article" year="1965">Gallardo (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F85FD52FF6EF859" author="Tello J." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="246 - 247" refId="ref109611" refString="Tello J. 1968. Clase Amphibia. Pp. 246 - 247. In: Historia Natural de Caracas. Ediciones del Concejo Municipal del Distrito Federal, Caracas, Miranda, Venezuela. 323 p." type="book chapter" year="1968">Tello (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886DDFFD72FDA9F859" author="Cochran D & Goin C." box="[233,528,1902,1926]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 655" refId="ref88691" refString="Cochran D, Goin C. 1970. Frogs of Colombia. United States National Museum Bulletin 288: 1 - 655." type="journal article" year="1970">Cochran and Goin (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F14FD72FF6EF879" author="Staton MA & Dixon JR" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="17 - 24" refId="ref109304" refString="Staton MA, Dixon JR. 1977. The herpetofauna of the central Llanos of Venezuela: noteworthy records, a tentative checklist and ecological notes. Journal of Herpetology 11: 17 - 24." type="journal article" year="1977">Staton and Dixon (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886DDCFD92FE14F879" author="Duellman WE" box="[234,429,1934,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref89970" refString="Duellman WE. 1979 a. The South American herpetofauna: a panoramic view. Pp. 1 - 28 In: The South American Herpetofauna: Its Origin, Evolution, and Dispersal. Editor, Duellman WE. Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas Monographs 7. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. 485 p." type="book chapter" year="1979">Duellman (1979a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 1997);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886F25FD92FD5CF879" author="Hoogmoed MS" box="[531,741,1934,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="241 - 279" refId="ref95361" refString="Hoogmoed MS. 1979 b. The herpetofauna of the Guianan region. Pp. 241 - 279 In: The South American Herpetofauna: Its Origin, Evolution and Dispersal. Editor, Duellman WE. Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas Monographs 7. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. 485 p." type="book chapter" year="1979">Hoogmoed (1979b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886E21FA92FCE5FF79" author="Hoogmoed MS" box="[791,860,142,166]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="113 - 123" refId="ref95520" refString="Hoogmoed MS. 1990 a. Biosystematics of South American Bufonidae, with special reference to the Bufo " typhonius " group. Pp. 113 - 123 In: Vertebrates in the Tropics. Editors, Peters G, Hutterer R. Museum Alexander Koening, Bonn, Germany. 424 p." type="book chapter" year="1990">1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886E58FA92FB04FF79" author="Hoogmoed MS & Gorzula S." box="[878,1213,142,166]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="183 - 216" refId="ref95609" refString="Hoogmoed MS, Gorzula S. 1979. Checklist of the savanna inhabiting frogs of the El Manteco region with notes on their ecology and the description of a new species of tree frog (Hylidae, Anura). Zoologische Mededelingen 54: 183 - 216." type="journal article" year="1979">Hoogmoed and Gorzula (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF8869FEFA92FC6DFF19" author="Pefaur JE & Diaz de Pascual A." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref103493" refString="Pefaur JE, Diaz de Pascual A. 1982. Aspectos biogeograficos de las comunidades de anfibios y saurios de los Andes venezolanos. In: Zoologia Neotropical. Actas VIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Zoologia. Editor, Salinas PJ. Producciones Alfa, Merida, Merida, Venezuela. 1,531 p." type="book" year="1982">Péfaur and Díaz De Pascual (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 1987);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF88691CFAB2FB45FF19" author="Rivero JA & Langone JA & Prigioni CM" box="[1066,1276,174,198]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref106105" refString="Rivero JA, Langone JA, Prigioni CM. 1986. Anfibios anuros colectados por la expedicion del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Montevideo al rio Caura, estado Bolivar, Venezuela; con la descripcion de una nueva especie de Colostethus (Dendrobatidae). Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo 11: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1986">Rivero et al. (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886830FAB2FC27FF39" author="Ramo C & Busto B." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="287 - 308" refId="ref104457" refString="Ramo C, Busto B. 1989 - 1990. Inventario herpetologico (anfibios y reptiles) de las sabanas inundables del modulo Fernando Corrales (Mantecal), estado Apure. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle 49 - 50: 287 - 308." type="book chapter" year="1989">Ramo and Busto (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, 1990);
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886EC1FAD2FB08FF39" author="La Marca E." box="[1015,1201,206,230]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref97345" refString="La Marca E. 1992. Catalogo Taxonomico, Biogeografico y Bibliografico de las Ranas de Venezuela. Cuadernos Geograficos ULA 9. Universidad de Los Andes, Merida, Merida, Venezuela. 197 p." type="book" year="1992">La Marca (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886988FAD2FCD8FEDA" author="Manzanilla J & Fernandez-Badillo A & La Marca E & Visbal R." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="294 - 302" refId="ref100755" refString="Manzanilla J, Fernandez-Badillo A, La Marca E, Visbal R. 1995. Fauna del Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Venezuela: composicion y distribucion de los anfibios. Acta Cientifica Venezolana 46: 294 - 302." type="journal article" year="1995">Manzanilla et al. (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886E5AFAF2FBC8FEDA" author="Pefaur JE & Perez R." box="[876,1137,237,262]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="15 - 38" refId="ref103580" refString="Pefaur JE, Perez R. 1995. Zoogeografia y variacion espacial y temporal de algunos vertebrados epigeos de la zona xerofila de la cuenca media del rio Chama, Merida, Venezuela. Ecotropicos 8: 15 - 38." type="journal article" year="1995">Péfaur and Pérez (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF88694DFAF2FAABFED9" author="Yustiz E." box="[1147,1298,238,262]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="317 - 349" refId="ref110831" refString="Yustiz E. 1996. Aspectos biogeograficos de la herpetofauna de la cuenca hidrografica del rio Turbio (Estado Lara, Venezuela). Pp. 317 - 349. In: Herpetologia Neotropical. Actas del II Congreso Latinoamericano de Herpetologia. Editor, Pefaur JE. Publicaciones ULA, CSH, Merida, Merida, Venezuela. 451 p." type="book chapter" year="1996">Yústiz (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF88682BFAF2FCD8FEF9" author="Murphy JC" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref102519" refString="Murphy JC. 1997. Amphibians and Reptiles of Trinidad and Tobago. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, USA. 245 p." type="book" year="1997">Murphy (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886E59FB12FB18FEF9" author="Gorzula S & Senaris JC" box="[879,1185,270,294]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 267" refId="ref93362" refString="Gorzula S, Senaris JC. 1998. Contribution to the herpetofauna of the Venezuelan Guayana. I. A data base. Scientia Guaianae 8: 1 - 267." type="journal article" year="1998">Gorzula and Señaris (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886999FB12FC06FE9A" author="Rivas G & Barrio-Amoros CL" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref104636" refString="Rivas G, Barrio-Amoros CL. 2005. New amphibian and reptile records from Cojedes state, Venezuela. Herpetological Review 36: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C65F86BFFBCFF886999FB12FB55FEF9" box="[1199,1260,270,294]" country="Nicaragua" name="Rivas" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Rivas</collectingRegion>
|
|
and Barrio-Amorós (2005)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886EFAFB32FAA2FE99" author="Narvaes P & Rodrigues MT" box="[972,1307,302,326]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref102878" refString="Narvaes P, Rodrigues MT. 2009. Taxonomic revision of Rhinella granulosa species group (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae), with a description of a new species. Arquivos de Zoologia 40: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="2009">Narvaes and Rodrigues (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886811FB32FCD8FEB9" author="Tarano Z." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="221 - 240" refId="ref109492" refString="Tarano Z. 2010. Advertisement calls and calling habits of frogs from a flooded savanna of Venezuela. South American Journal of Herpetology 5: 221 - 240." type="journal article" year="2010">Tárano (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886E58FB52FB3DFEB9" author="Ugueto GN & Rivas G." box="[878,1156,334,358]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref109916" refString="Ugueto GN, Rivas G. 2010. Amphibians and Reptiles of Margarita, Coche and Cubagua. Frankfurt Contributions to Natural History. Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 350 p." type="book" year="2010">
|
|
Ugueto and
|
|
<collectingRegion id="0C65F86BFFBCFF886EC2FB52FB88FEB9" box="[1012,1073,334,358]" country="Nicaragua" name="Rivas" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Rivas</collectingRegion>
|
|
(2010)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF8869A7FB52FCD4FE59" author="Barrio-Amoros CL & Brewer-Carias C & Fuentes O." pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref86632" refString="Barrio-Amoros CL, Brewer-Carias C, Fuentes O. 2011 b. Aproximacion preliminar a la herpetocenosis de un bosque pluvial en la seccion occidental de la Sierra de Lema, Guayana Venezolana. Revista de Ecologia Latinoamericana 16: 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="2011">Barrio-Amorós et al. (2011b)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="AA304B78FFBCFF886E4EFB72FBECFE59" author="Pereyra MO & Baldo D & Blotto BL & Iglesias PP & Thome MTC & Haddad CFB & Barrio-Amoros C & Ibanez R & Faivovich J." box="[888,1109,366,390]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" pagination="36 - 53" refId="ref103877" refString="Pereyra MO, Baldo D, Blotto BL, Iglesias PP, Thome MTC, Haddad CFB, Barrio-Amoros C, Ibanez R, Faivovich J. 2016. Phylogenetic relationships of toads of the Rhinella granulosa group (Anura: Bufonidae): a molecular perspective with comments on hybridization and introgression. Cladistics 32: 36 - 53." type="journal article" year="2016">Pereyra et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |