170 lines
18 KiB
XML
170 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="802AD3514B98F52BB6A7C49EEE910362">DNA barcodes reveal 63 overlooked species of Canadian beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="945A1F527A6E92DECC418F87F7794EC2">Pentinsaari, Mikko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3BBE85394FDD8DEA3C68D3142FBEB518">Anderson, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="50A01856733A3D90182312167B0DF8FF">Borowiec, Lech</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28C341D33B5B126265840851B7B09EA5">Brunke, Adam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DC8D67C5DEF1C44D4C60CDB6C449D635">Douglas, Hume</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9F57037645AD26515CEE8689F74B153C">Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C8BA0D522DC713F9767D51121EC8E9B9">Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8A89C7433250E37E0E3A7026126EFD76">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="77AB92773F8031C286B371ED5587B5A0">894</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="89F57EAA7D7D0E9F9E2C7539EC3B4CB2">53</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="B3BD886A001D47A0CF0DD5BD55A917F1">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="56477A297A85DDA855F1916584781D2F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.894.37862</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3EF4F982D2C55FA9A2C5D5CCA59C1044" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160631339" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3EF4F982D2C55FA9A2C5D5CCA59C1044" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3EF4F982D2C55FA9A2C5D5CCA59C1044" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" scope_class="Insecta" scope_family="Staphylinidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Paederinae" scope_tribe="Paederini">
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<subSubSection id="7EDB56EC2E1A8E222F5F7C5B854B0D63" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7732EF0F6731922A3E8A35C61A621C42" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="E0BE4F125E47C1406CE4E31413A83EDB" ID-CoL="3YQ7L" LSID="3EF4F982-D2C5-5FA9-A2C5-D5CCA59C1044" authority="Kraatz, 1854" authorityName="Kraatz" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Medon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Medon ripicola" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripicola">Medon ripicola (Kraatz, 1854)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="91B815869174E4DBFF92202DDF894DE3" captionStart="Figures 17–19" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 17 - 19. 17 Medon apicalis (Kraatz) 17 A habitus 17 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 17 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 18 Medon ripicola (Kraatz) 18 A habitus 18 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 18 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 19 Pseudomedon obscurellus (Erichson) 19 A habitus 19 B aedeagus, lateral view, V. Assing 19 C male sternite VIII, V. Assing. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (17 A; 18 A; 19 A), 0.2 mm (17 B, C; 18 B, C; 19 B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362146" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19">Figure 18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1A74D55B1AFEF17BFB281C7DDA49FC02" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="AB5732D945BFAE1D80F83E04402F02C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8760A8FEA5424BFE20884D493381F5A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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Native to the western Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and also reported from Algeria, Morocco, Turkey, and Madeira (
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<bibRefCitation id="998D0F323926DF418F562ECD19F23EDF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004296855" author="Schuelke, M" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="PhD Thesis, Michigan State University, Department of Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B187" refString="Schuelke, M, Smetana, A, Loebl, I, Loebl, D, 2015. 2). Brill, Leiden.https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004296855" title="2). Brill, Leiden" url="https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004296855" year="2015">
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<normalizedToken id="609A9FE4F8F742B83582ED0721D5700F" originalValue="Schülke">Schuelke</normalizedToken>
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and Smetana 2015
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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). Adventive in the Nearctic region (Nova Scotia, Canada).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B955D934E838714018F5C0936F665F07" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="canadian records">
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<paragraph id="12DAB0FA82026BC59B9A44BA2373215B" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Canadian records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A7F50AD360BBBAD1A633065DB7349C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 10-May-2013 to 21-May-2013 (1 ex, CBG).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0EA57424F6497BBFFF70E8E06557319" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="diagnostic information">
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||
<paragraph id="819BEE5A8A42EE97255FC68A6AA10F13" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Diagnostic information.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F3A47C5B88AD1D3C9225FE63BA4BBAF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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Body length: 3.7-4.2 mm. Habitus as in
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<figureCitation id="B05BF2FC35ADC88CDAA5AC61AE598AAA" captionStart="Figures 17–19" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 17 - 19. 17 Medon apicalis (Kraatz) 17 A habitus 17 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 17 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 18 Medon ripicola (Kraatz) 18 A habitus 18 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 18 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 19 Pseudomedon obscurellus (Erichson) 19 A habitus 19 B aedeagus, lateral view, V. Assing 19 C male sternite VIII, V. Assing. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (17 A; 18 A; 19 A), 0.2 mm (17 B, C; 18 B, C; 19 B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362146" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
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||
. Male sternite VII as in
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<figureCitation id="57114D54989495B26E23C888403BF195" captionStart="Figures 17–19" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 17 - 19. 17 Medon apicalis (Kraatz) 17 A habitus 17 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 17 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 18 Medon ripicola (Kraatz) 18 A habitus 18 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 18 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 19 Pseudomedon obscurellus (Erichson) 19 A habitus 19 B aedeagus, lateral view, V. Assing 19 C male sternite VIII, V. Assing. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (17 A; 18 A; 19 A), 0.2 mm (17 B, C; 18 B, C; 19 B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362146" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
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||
. Aedeagus as in
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<figureCitation id="419A88EAE2DF6D20093D58EE86248667" captionStart="Figures 17–19" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 17 - 19. 17 Medon apicalis (Kraatz) 17 A habitus 17 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 17 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 18 Medon ripicola (Kraatz) 18 A habitus 18 B aedeagus, ventral and lateral view, V. Assing 18 C male sternite VII, V. Assing 19 Pseudomedon obscurellus (Erichson) 19 A habitus 19 B aedeagus, lateral view, V. Assing 19 C male sternite VIII, V. Assing. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (17 A; 18 A; 19 A), 0.2 mm (17 B, C; 18 B, C; 19 B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/362146" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.894.37862.figures17-19">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7E43BF53269FC25748A7E2A8D2B75A53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="bionomic notes">
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||
<paragraph id="4DB3F301FAF478BCA845115F7E4C80B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bionomic notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60C62BCE09F6E6080FBD8EA11FE43436" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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This species is rarely collected in the Palaearctic, with its breeding microhabitat unknown (probably in deeper litter or mammal burrows). In Central Europe, specimens have been collected mostly in wetlands (floodplains, ponds), in flood debris, mole nests, and deeper deciduous leaf litter (
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<bibRefCitation id="6ECA1D49FDCDE4528E14198BFDF9FB65" author="Assing, V" editor="Assing, V" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B10" refString="Assing, V, Assing, V, Schuelke, M, 2012. Paederinae. In: AssingVSchuelkeM (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 4 (2.Auflage). Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 380-383." title="Paederinae. In: AssingVSchuelkeM (Eds) Die Kaefer Mitteleuropas, Band 4 (2. Auflage). Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 380 - 383." year="2012">Assing 2012</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="51599CA670B3F4C8716F9613E3645BCA" author="Palm, T" journalOrPublisher="Entomologiska Foereningen i Stockholm, Stockholm" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B159" refString="Palm, T, 1963. Svensk Insektfauna 9. Skalbaggar, Coleoptera. Kortvingar: Fam. Staphylinidae, Haefte 3. Underfam. Paederinae, Staphylininae. Entomologiska Foereningen i Stockholm, Stockholm" title="Svensk Insektfauna 9. Skalbaggar, Coleoptera. Kortvingar: Fam. Staphylinidae, Haefte 3. Underfam. Paederinae, Staphylininae." year="1963">Palm (1963)</bibRefCitation>
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wrote that this species was rarely collected in Scandinavia: once in Sweden under pebbles on the seashore and in Denmark under seaweed. Its occasional but typical appearance near water suggests that heavy rains may flood out the breeding microhabitat and deposit the beetles elsewhere (e.g., flood debris). The collection of
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<taxonomicName id="E134F11D2A90769DAA99039E13A686C7" lsidName="M. ripicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="ripicola">
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<emphasis id="3A9FF2AF2883D1EC66C6ADEB44DB5E6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. ripicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on northern European seashores suggests a potential mechanism for introduction to the Canadian Maritimes through ocean commerce. The Canadian specimen was collected with a Malaise trap in a riverside forest.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="2AC001E15F862D2BCA86CEA774C0A9EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="467AC0D836D825CE4670FFB800613F39" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE67CD194D5106C28D74E371502CFF4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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A single female voucher from Canada was available for study and, while males would normally be necessary to confirm a positive identification in
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<taxonomicName id="662256003DA8B3A0A3FFF5536E44D5E0" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Medon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Medon" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C7128BAC5F4833C2B97633EB1E18EDD0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Medon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by morphology, its barcode sequence clustered within the European material of
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<taxonomicName id="6ED180C23AFC538734C545C6A617453B" lsidName="M. ripicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="ripicola">
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<emphasis id="FCA7EE3B5D3FC93D1667606F682090FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. ripicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with only two nucleotide sites differing from the nearest European specimen. All similar Palaearctic species that could be confused with
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<taxonomicName id="07B1865CB6CCFF1F6C313746AD1F60C1" lsidName="M. ripicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="ripicola">
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||
<emphasis id="16B62372C0BC286BFE203BE70A05C832" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. ripicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="D3886B4585CA3821BE98D0387AF727A7" lsidName="M. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis id="BD4836B51AE48198863C875325560F56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. apicalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Kraatz, 1857),
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<taxonomicName id="5D9B04E133C3220C0E344A3B6090CFAC" lsidName="M. brunneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="brunneus">
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<emphasis id="A7166EEF8180727F306A968F06866ECD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. brunneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Erichson, 1839),
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<taxonomicName id="6B54CA5C25819DCAC2F92D0F32F06EAB" lsidName="M. fusculus" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="fusculus">
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<emphasis id="8C5AFEF1260CCE8C777F2BEC46AA5455" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. fusculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Mannerheim, 1830)) are represented in BOLD in separate BIN clusters. The female voucher was also morphologically compared to representatives of all Palaearctic
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<taxonomicName id="D1FDF0E0861BCE2D01EBBBE68319053D" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Medon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Medon" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2746D5614BC95D1E1D961542D821B36A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Medon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species and was consistent with the body proportions, punctation and color of
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<taxonomicName id="F9814DB10ABEE0C98F23BA06B040FEA7" lsidName="M. ripicola" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="ripicola">
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<emphasis id="88FC9F2F6F55CA41779C7702C5C81A35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">M. ripicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As the Nearctic fauna of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A0420C5FC6E797DB161A548DFC7A27" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Medon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Medon" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8F74307C2E29DE525260B1DB5EDCE0D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Medon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unrevised, useful comparisons with North American species are not yet possible. Recognizing this species in the Nearctic region is reliably accomplished, at present, using dissected males or DNA barcoding.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |