483 lines
60 KiB
XML
483 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.947.51259" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9b0ed44-7490-48f1-8cc1-cee431f5d1ff" ID-PMC="PMC7363713" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-947-71" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8E93BC6985D85A52AD26A514847748FA" ID-PubMed="32733130" ID-ZooBank="3297FBE4111C48499533225A53F7DB3C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-947-71" checkinTime="1594285657262" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hrivniak, Ľubos, Sroka, Pavel, Bojkova, Jindriska, Godunko, Roman J., Namin, Javid Imanpour, Bagheri, Samereh, Nejat, Farshad, Abdoli, Ashgar & Staniczek, Arnold H." docDate="2020" docId="2733384AE11D572D9F5175256E2F2AF3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 947: 71-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 947" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.947.51259" docTitle="Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi Hrivniak & Sroka 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6F5FE6F7-8710-416D-80DB-C202C71DE7FC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="8E93BC6985D85A52AD26A514847748FA" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="8E93BC6985D85A52AD26A514847748FA" masterDocTitle="Diversity and distribution of Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) in Iran, with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1668169075919" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Diversity and distribution of Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) in Iran, with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hrivniak, Ľubos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic & Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lubos.hrivniak@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sroka, Pavel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-6564</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bojkova, Jindriska</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Godunko, Roman J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 31, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic & Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12 / 16, 90237 Lodz, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-3327</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Namin, Javid Imanpour</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Fishery, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, POB 1144, Sowmehsara-Rasht, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bagheri, Samereh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Fishery, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, POB 1144, Sowmehsara-Rasht, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nejat, Farshad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Daneshjou Boulevard, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Abdoli, Ashgar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Daneshjou Boulevard, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Staniczek, Arnold H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-137X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>947</mods:number>
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<mods:start>71</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.947.51259</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.947.51259</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-947-71</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3297FBE4111C48499533225A53F7DB3C</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164986642" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6F5FE6F7-8710-416D-80DB-C202C71DE7FC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2733384AE11D572D9F5175256E2F2AF3" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<taxonomicName LSID="2733384A-E11D-572D-9F51-75256E2F2AF3" authority="Hrivniak & Sroka" authorityName="Hrivniak & Sroka" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shargi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Caucasiron">Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi Hrivniak & Sroka</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="71">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">, 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Holotype</emphasis>
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: female mature larva: IRAN, Golestan Province, Shirinabad village, unnamed river;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="01.4" value="36.80039">36°48'01.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="055" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="05.8" value="55.018276">055°01'05.8"E</geoCoordinate>
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(locality no. 108); 740 m a.s.l.; J.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojková">Bojkova</normalizedToken>
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, T.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Soldán">Soldan</normalizedToken>
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, J. Imanpour Namin leg., 27.4.2018, SMNS_EPH_010057.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Paratypes</emphasis>
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:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">19 female, 11 male larvae: same data as holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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36 female (5 mounted on slide), 25 male (1 mounted on slide) larvae: IRAN, Golestan Province, above Chah-e Ja village, unnamed brook (RT of river flowing to Fazelabad);
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="22.8" value="36.673">36°40'22.8"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="054" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="37.9" value="54.777195">054°46'37.9"E</geoCoordinate>
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(locality no. 104); 1450 m a.s.l.; J.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojková">Bojkova</normalizedToken>
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, T.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Soldán">Soldan</normalizedToken>
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, J. Imanpour Namin leg., 27.4.2018. DNA extracted from 2 females (codes: IR23 and IR24, mounted on slides).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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19 female (3 mounted on slide), 7 male (1 mounted on slide) larvae: IRAN, Golestan Province, below Chah-e Ja village (main valley), unnamed river flowing to Fazelabad,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="46.3" value="36.696194">36°41'46.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="054" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.0" value="54.793056">054°47'35.0"E</geoCoordinate>
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(locality no. 105); 1240 m a.s.l.; J.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojková">Bojkova</normalizedToken>
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, T.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Soldán">Soldan</normalizedToken>
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, J. Imanpour Namin leg., 27.4.2018. DNA extracted from 1 female (code: IR21, mounted on slide) and 1 male (code: IR22, stored in EtOH).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">The holotype (SMNS_EPH_010057) and 50 paratypes (SMNS_EPH_010057) are deposited in SMNS, 50 paratypes (including DNA extracted specimens) are deposited in IECA, and 17 paratypes in MMTT_DOE.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Other material examined (not paratypes):</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3 larvae: same data as holotype; young instars or damaged specimens.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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The species name derives from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hrivniak & Sroka" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="shargi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shargi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">shargi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(یقرش), which means eastern in Farsi. It refers to the distributional range of the species in the eastern part of the Alborz mountain range.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="localities and habitat preferences of larvae">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Localities and habitat preferences of larvae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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Larvae were found in three clear streams at middle altitude (740-1450 m a.s.l.) in the eastern Alborz (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution of Epeorus (Caucasiron) species in northern Iran. Colour of symbols shows the occurrence of species: red - E. (C.) alborzicus sp. nov., light blue - E. (C.) shargi sp. nov., violet - E. (C.) cf. znojkoi, black - E. (C.) iranicus, yellow - E. (C.) nigripilosus. The letter H shows the localities of holotypes. Black symbols with white cross show unrevised records of E. (C.) iranicus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430257" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">9</figureCitation>
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). Habitat conditions of these streams differed from each other. Larvae were abundant in a cold, alkaline brook (water conductivity 1320
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μS">μS</normalizedToken>
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/cm) with patches of precipitated calcium crusts on the bed and in the non-alkaline water (with water conductivity reaching the values of clear montane streams in the region, 433
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μS">μS</normalizedToken>
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/cm) of the type locality. Both localities were characterised by stony bed sediment with leaf litter debris and fine gravel along the banks, and by fast, turbulent flow (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Photos of the localities of the new Epeorus (Caucasiron) species described herein: A unnamed brook near Panjab village - type locality of E. (C.) alborzicus sp. nov. B unnamed brook near Kahrud-e Bala village - locality of E. (C.) alborzicus sp. nov. C unnamed river near Shirinabad village - type locality of E. (C.) shargi sp. nov. D unnamed brook near Chah-e Ja village - locality of E. (C.) shargi sp. nov. E Gamasiab River near Varayeneh village - type locality of E. (C.) zagrosicus sp. nov. F Yasuj fall near Yasuj village - locality of E. (C.) zagrosicus sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430258" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">10C, D</figureCitation>
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). Lower abundance of larvae was found in a river with uniform coarse substrate flowing in a wide gravel river channel. All streams were surrounded by deciduous forests (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Photos of the localities of the new Epeorus (Caucasiron) species described herein: A unnamed brook near Panjab village - type locality of E. (C.) alborzicus sp. nov. B unnamed brook near Kahrud-e Bala village - locality of E. (C.) alborzicus sp. nov. C unnamed river near Shirinabad village - type locality of E. (C.) shargi sp. nov. D unnamed brook near Chah-e Ja village - locality of E. (C.) shargi sp. nov. E Gamasiab River near Varayeneh village - type locality of E. (C.) zagrosicus sp. nov. F Yasuj fall near Yasuj village - locality of E. (C.) zagrosicus sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430258" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">10C, D</figureCitation>
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). The species was not found in urban and agricultural areas in this region where many localities were investigated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Description of larva.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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General colouration of larvae yellowish brown with dark brown maculation. Body length of mature larvae 13.7-15.6 mm (female), 11.7-13.0 mm (male). Length of cerci approximately 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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body length.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Head.</emphasis>
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Shape trapezoidal; anterior and lateral margin rounded, posterior margin rounded in female, slightly rounded in male (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3D, E</figureCitation>
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). Anterior margin with shallow concavity medially. Head dimensions of mature larvae: length 3.0-3.2 mm, width 4.1-4.4 mm (female); length 2.70-2.95 mm, width 3.5-4.0 mm (male). Head width/length ratio: 1.33-1.40 (both male and female). Dorso-medial part with brown, rectangular or oval smudge, sometimes reduced to pair of stripes. Pair of maculae located between ocelli (sometimes fused into single macula). Rounded maculae lateroventral of lateral ocelli and blurred maculae near inner edges of compound eyes. Pair of pale stripes extending from lateral ocelli to lateral edges of head. Pair of maculae located along coronal suture. Compound eyes dark grey to black in female, brownish and basally blackish in male mature larva. Ocelli dark grey to black, basally paler. Antennae yellowish-brown, scapus and pedicellus darkened. Anterior margin of head densely covered with hair-like setae extending to lateral margins and directed medio-dorsally. Dorsal surface of head covered with fine hair-like setae and sparsely distributed stick-like setae. Sparse longer fine hair-like setae located posteriorly to eyes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Mouthparts</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Labrum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4A</figureCitation>
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) widened anteriorly, with anterior margin slightly rounded or nearly straight (in dorsal view). Lateral angles rounded (shape of labrum may vary among individual specimens). Dorsal surface (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4A</figureCitation>
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, right half) sparsely covered with setae of different size; 4-6 longer bristle-like setae located antero-medially and two antero-laterally. Epipharynx with longer, shortly plumose bristles situated along lateral to anterior margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
, left half), range of setation figured as large black dots), and brush of fine hair-like setae medially (not figured). Posterior margin of labrum irregularly concave; with group of 5-10 setae of various size located on ventral surface close to posterior margin. Outer incisors of both mandibles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three apical teeth; outer tooth blunt in both mandibles. Inner incisor of left mandible with three apical teeth, right inner incisor bifurcated (inner side of right tooth usually with small denticle).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hrivniak & Sroka" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="Caucasiron">Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., larva:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">A</emphasis>
|
||
labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">B</emphasis>
|
||
incisors of right mandible in ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">C</emphasis>
|
||
incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">D</emphasis>
|
||
setae on dorsal surface of femora
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">E</emphasis>
|
||
surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">F</emphasis>
|
||
gill I
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">G</emphasis>
|
||
gill III
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">H</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal segments VIII-X
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">I</emphasis>
|
||
sternum IX, female
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">J</emphasis>
|
||
sternum IX, male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">K</emphasis>
|
||
gill VII (flattened on slide)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">L</emphasis>
|
||
gill VII (in natural position from ventral view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum anteriorly narrowed, lateral edges nearly straight or slightly rounded. Metanotum with slight, blunt, postero-medial projection. Dorsal surface covered with fine hair-like setae (as on abdominal terga and head); sparse longer hair-like setae along pro-, meso- and metanotal suture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Colour pattern of femora as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3F</figureCitation>
|
||
. Femora with rounded or slightly elongated medial hypodermal femur spot. Patella-tibial suture darkened; tarsi proximally and distally darkened. Coxal projections of fore- and hind legs pointed or bluntly pointed; of middle legs blunt. Trochanteres with spatulate setae as on dorsal surface of femora (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tibiae of forelegs 1.23-1.28
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
femur length, tibiae of middle legs 1.03-1.50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
femur length, and tibiae of hind legs 0.87-1.06
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
femur length. Tarsi of all legs 0.28-0.32
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
tibia length. Dorsal surface of femora covered by short, sporadically elongated spatulate setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
), hair-like setae, and sparsely distributed stick-like setae. Anterior margin of femora with short, pointed and/or bluntly pointed spine-like setae; posterior margin with row of long blade-like setae and sparse row of bluntly pointed spine-like setae. Dorsal margin of tibiae and tarsi with row of long setae; ventral margin of both with irregular row of spine-like setae accumulated distally. Tarsal claws with 2-3 denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Abdominal terga.</emphasis>
|
||
Colour pattern of abdominal terga (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3A, H-K</figureCitation>
|
||
) consists of transversal stripe along anterior margin of terga I-IX (X) medially extending to i) triangular or blurred macula on terga (II) III-IV; ii) triangular or T-shaped macula on terga V-IX, reaching to half or stretching to posterior margin of corresponding tergum (medial macula of terga VIII and IX often widened). Transversal stripe along anterior margin of terga laterally extends to pair of short maculae. Medial maculae often surrounded by pale background. Tergum X without distinct maculation. Pair of sigilla sometimes coloured and forming pair of short stripes adjacent laterally to medial macula. Lateral margins of abdomen with oblique maculae on terga I-IX. Denticles along posterior margin on terga of various size, irregular and pointed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface of terga covered with hair-like setae and sparsely with stick-like setae. Supra-tergalial projections short and blunt. Tergum X without distinct postero-lateral projections (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Longitudinal row of hair-like setae along abdominal terga present medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Abdominal sterna.</emphasis>
|
||
Yellowish, without distinct colour pattern. Nerve ganglia often dark brown pigmented (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3B, G, L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sternum IX with V-shaped medial emargination; surface covered by irregularly distributed short hair-like setae and medially accumulated longer hair-like setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Gills.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal surface of gill plate I yellowish, of gill plates II-VII greyish on anterior half and brownish to reddish on posterior half. Ventral margin of all gill plates yellowish. Projection of gill plate III well developed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gill plate VII relatively wide (in natural position of ventral view, Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gill filaments reaching to 0.41-0.50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of respective plate, filaments of gill VII to 0.24-0.28
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(in late-instar larvae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cerci." lsidName="Cerci." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Cerci.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brownish, basally darkened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="subimago, imago and eggs">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Subimago, imago and eggs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Unknown</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="morphological diagnostics of larvae">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Morphological diagnostics of larvae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
The main larval diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. are as follows: (i) colour pattern of abdominal terga (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3A, H-K</figureCitation>
|
||
) and no colouration of abdominal sterna (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3B, G, L</figureCitation>
|
||
), (ii) lack of distinct postero-lateral projections on tergum X (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4H</figureCitation>
|
||
), (iii) presence of medial hypodermal femur spot (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3F</figureCitation>
|
||
), (iv) relatively wide shape of gill plate VII (in natural position from ventral view; Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4L</figureCitation>
|
||
), and (v) fine hair-like setae on surface of abdominal terga (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A labrum (right half in dorsal view, left half in ventral view) B incisors of right mandible in ventral view C incisors of left mandible in ventral view (both flattened on slide) D setae on dorsal surface of femora E surface and posterior margin of abdominal tergum VII F gill I G gill III H abdominal segments VIII-X I sternum IX, female J sternum IX, male K gill VII (flattened on slide) L gill VII (in natural position from ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430252" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="71" type="affinities">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">Affinities.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Based on the colour pattern of abdominal terga and sterna,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. resembles several species distributed in the Caucasus and adjacent areas. At first glance,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="soldani" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="soldani">soldani</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="turcicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="turcicus">turcicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
are most similar. Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="soldani" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="soldani">soldani</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess triangular maculae on abdominal terga (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="283 - 294" refId="B6" refString="Braasch, D, 1979. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton im Kaukasus (UdSSR) (III) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia 17: 283 - 294" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton im Kaukasus (UdSSR) (III) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae)." volume="17" year="1979">Braasch 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 284, fig. 2b) and an indistinct, sometimes not expressed, colour pattern of abdominal sterna. It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by a comparatively narrower gill plate VII (in natural position from ventral view), the presence of flattened setae on the surface of abdominal terga (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="353 - 374" refId="B16" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Godunko, RJ, Zurovcova, M, 2017. Mayflies of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881 s.l. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Caucasus Mountains: a new species of Caucasiron Kluge, 1997 from Georgia and Turkey. Zootaxa 4341: 353 - 374, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" title="Mayflies of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881 s. l. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Caucasus Mountains: a new species of Caucasiron Kluge, 1997 from Georgia and Turkey." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" volume="4341" year="2017">Hrivniak et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 359, fig. 25), and the absence of a medial hypodermal femur spot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeorus (C.) turcicus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcicus" subGenus="C.">Epeorus (C.) turcicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. the lack of colouration on abdominal sterna (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="58 - 70" refId="B17" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Tuerkmen, G, Godunko, RJ, Kazanci, N, 2019. A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence. Zootaxa 4550: 58 - 70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" title="A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" volume="4550" year="2019">Hrivniak et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 61, fig. 2), the presence of a medial hypodermal femur spot (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="58 - 70" refId="B17" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Tuerkmen, G, Godunko, RJ, Kazanci, N, 2019. A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence. Zootaxa 4550: 58 - 70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" title="A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" volume="4550" year="2019">Hrivniak et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 62, fig. 9), and fine hair-like setae on the dorsal surface of abdominal terga (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="58 - 70" refId="B17" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Tuerkmen, G, Godunko, RJ, Kazanci, N, 2019. A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence. Zootaxa 4550: 58 - 70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" title="A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" volume="4550" year="2019">Hrivniak et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 63, fig. 11). Nevertheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="turcicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="turcicus">turcicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by the different colour pattern of abdominal terga, with anteriorly widened stripe stretching between anterior and posterior margins (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="58 - 70" refId="B17" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Tuerkmen, G, Godunko, RJ, Kazanci, N, 2019. A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence. Zootaxa 4550: 58 - 70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" title="A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" volume="4550" year="2019">Hrivniak et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 61, fig. 1), in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. with more or less triangular maculae on abdominal terga (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-K colouration of abdominal terga L colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430251" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">3A, H-K</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a distinctly narrower gill plate VII (in natural position from ventral view) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="58 - 70" refId="B17" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Tuerkmen, G, Godunko, RJ, Kazanci, N, 2019. A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence. Zootaxa 4550: 58 - 70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" title="A new Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) species from Turkey based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.2" volume="4550" year="2019">Hrivniak et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 63, figs 15, 16).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., there is no colour pattern of abdominal sterna in several other species, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="longimaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="longimaculatus">longimaculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="sinitshenkovae" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="sinitshenkovae">sinitshenkovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="magnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="magnus">magnus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Braasch" baseAuthorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeorus (C.) longimaculatus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimaculatus" subGenus="C.">Epeorus (C.) longimaculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be clearly separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by (i) a distinctly narrower gill plate VII (in natural position of ventral view), (ii) flattened setae on the surface of abdominal terga (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="353 - 374" refId="B16" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Godunko, RJ, Zurovcova, M, 2017. Mayflies of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881 s.l. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Caucasus Mountains: a new species of Caucasiron Kluge, 1997 from Georgia and Turkey. Zootaxa 4341: 353 - 374, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" title="Mayflies of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881 s. l. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Caucasus Mountains: a new species of Caucasiron Kluge, 1997 from Georgia and Turkey." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" volume="4341" year="2017">Hrivniak et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 359, fig. 25), (iii) poorly developed projection on the costal margin of gill plate III (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Nachrichten" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="166 - 173" refId="B7" refString="Braasch, D, 1980. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera) im Kaukasus (UdSSR), 2. Entomologische Nachrichten 24: 166 - 173" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera) im Kaukasus (UdSSR), 2." volume="24" year="1980">Braasch 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 172, fig. 6b), and (iv) elongated medial hypodermal femur spot (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Nachrichten" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="166 - 173" refId="B7" refString="Braasch, D, 1980. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera) im Kaukasus (UdSSR), 2. Entomologische Nachrichten 24: 166 - 173" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera) im Kaukasus (UdSSR), 2." volume="24" year="1980">Braasch 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 172, fig. 11).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Braasch & Zimmermann" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeorus (C.) sinitshenkovae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinitshenkovae" subGenus="C.">Epeorus (C.) sinitshenkovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by the absence of a medial hypodermal femur spot, the characteristic colour pattern of femora (Braasch and Zimmerman 1979: 106, fig. 10), and the colour pattern of abdominal terga (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="283 - 294" refId="B6" refString="Braasch, D, 1979. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton im Kaukasus (UdSSR) (III) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia 17: 283 - 294" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton im Kaukasus (UdSSR) (III) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae)." volume="17" year="1979">Braasch 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 105, fig. 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Braasch" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeorus (C.) magnus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus" subGenus="C.">Epeorus (C.) magnus</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be reliably distinguished by the presence of distinct postero-lateral projections on abdominal tergum X and characteristic setation of labrum (numerous thickened bristle-like setae, Hrivniak et al. in prep.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="71">
|
||
All other species distributed in the Caucasus and adjacent areas differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) shargi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="shargi" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) shargi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by the distinct colour pattern of abdominal sterna, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="bicolliculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="bicolliculatus">bicolliculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" author="Hrivniak, Ľ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="353 - 374" refId="B16" refString="Hrivniak, Ľ, Sroka, P, Godunko, RJ, Zurovcova, M, 2017. Mayflies of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881 s.l. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Caucasus Mountains: a new species of Caucasiron Kluge, 1997 from Georgia and Turkey. Zootaxa 4341: 353 - 374, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" title="Mayflies of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881 s. l. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from the Caucasus Mountains: a new species of Caucasiron Kluge, 1997 from Georgia and Turkey." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4341.3.2" volume="4341" year="2017">Hrivniak et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 356, figs 7-9),
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="alpestris" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="alpestris">alpestris</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Braasch, 1979: 284, fig. 1d),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) alborzicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="alborzicus" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) alborzicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Epeorus (Caucasiron) alborzicus sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-J colouration of abdominal terga K-M colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430249" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">1B, K-M</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="caucasicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="caucasicus">caucasicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="iranicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="iranicus">iranicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Braasch, D" journalOrPublisher="Reichenbachia" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="283 - 294" refId="B6" refString="Braasch, D, 1979. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton im Kaukasus (UdSSR) (III) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia 17: 283 - 294" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Iron Eaton im Kaukasus (UdSSR) (III) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae)." volume="17" year="1979">Braasch 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 284, fig. 3b),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) nigripilosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="nigripilosus" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) nigripilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sinitshenkova, ND" journalOrPublisher="Entomologicheskoye obozreniye" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" pagination="853 - 862" refId="B32" refString="Sinitshenkova, ND, 1976. Mayflies of the Genus Iron Eaton (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) in the Fauna of the Caucasus. Entomologicheskoye obozreniye 55: 853 - 862" title="Mayflies of the Genus Iron Eaton (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) in the Fauna of the Caucasus." volume="55" year="1976">Sinitshenkova 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 89, fig. 28),
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E." pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">E.</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="(C.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="subGenus" subGenus="C.">C.</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="znojkoi" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="znojkoi">znojkoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Braasch, 1980: 172, 4b), and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. (C.) zagrosicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="zagrosicus" subGenus="C.">E. (C.) zagrosicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Epeorus (Caucasiron) zagrosicus sp. nov., larva: A habitus in dorsal view B habitus in ventral view C habitus in lateral view D head of male in dorsal view E head of female in dorsal view F middle leg in dorsal view G distal part of abdomen in ventral view H-J colouration of abdominal terga K colouration of abdominal sterna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.947.51259.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/430253" pageId="0" pageNumber="71">5B, K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |