236 lines
33 KiB
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236 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="401E025523916EA4D41860474547705A">Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="34E13547BB9DB383085B3F363EEADC14">Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61EDDF9B29E4D61EDF93BCC9435238B9">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC8C487953E2ED927E9CCEFADFA7641E">Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ACDCC8D2F28DCAA40C66963924A5DBA6">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CB6061C1AF8ABFF806A96A36D13C8F00">Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="12FBF76FC345E7452B808AFA30199BA9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189600026" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:12FBF76FC345E7452B808AFA30199BA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/12FBF76FC345E7452B808AFA30199BA9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Caryophylliidae" scope_order="Scleractinia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subGenus="Caryophyllia">
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<subSubSection id="38FC8FF6AFCA8936DE6210542E402895" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="BE00F70869AF872DE7BDC848B3BFA522" ID-CoL="RJDD" authority="Alcock, 1902" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scobinosa" subGenus="Caryophyllia">Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa Alcock, 1902</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="04A29566D2C9B36C1C50F68001E82371" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A, B Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) grandis (SAMC _ A 073150, off Mazeppa Bay, 480 - 490 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) lamellifera (SAMC _ A 090155, off Sodwana Bay, 120 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, F Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) profunda (DTE Valdivia Stn 108, off Agulhas, 126 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) quadragenaria (USNM 91539, Eastern coast, off Shaka's Rock, 350 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) rugosa (SAMC _ A 090071, off Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary, 370 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, N Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) sarsiae K, L (MN _ SM 226, off Mazeppa Bay, 710 - 775 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N (MN _ SM 174, off Kidds Beach, 760 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) scobinosa (SAM _ H 1248, off Durban, 91 m) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 2O, P</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="439FCE7B48C2DECC7074E8BB4D83B354" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1887D1009C5B5DD31BDB853435D0429D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="59AC0B74FD46704F056DAFA4B7BCE1D0" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia scobinosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scobinosa">Caryophyllia scobinosa</taxonomicName>
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Alcock, 1902a: 90. -
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<bibRefCitation id="232CAE89D03104B3DE9A0D71F1128F9D" author="Alcock, A" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="116 - 123" refId="B7" refString="Alcock, A, 1902b. Further diagnosis and descriptions of new species of corals. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 2 (7): 116 - 123" title="Further diagnosis and descriptions of new species of corals." volume="2" year="1902 b">Alcock 1902b</bibRefCitation>
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: 8, pl. 1, figs 2, 2A
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<bibRefCitation id="A758B8242BB64D1FC429AFEFC229C6CB" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">. -Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
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: 177-178. -
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<bibRefCitation id="603B6CF0D51FD56784C0B794FB01B93C" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B36" refString="Cairns, S, 1991. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 504: 1 - 44" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands." volume="504" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 12. -
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<bibRefCitation id="DA9DB5406B2F05A786E23164BB70D70F" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 235
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<bibRefCitation id="84EA52592EA78CAC8330035F131B3F73" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">. -Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 45-46, pl. 20, figs A, B (in part). -
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<bibRefCitation id="80B02763525E233F51876313F946C127" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 52-53, pl. 10, figs G-I, pl. 11, figs A-C. -
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<bibRefCitation id="37D0FC3F71CFC862E290F9336F4BEFE9" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 94. -
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<bibRefCitation id="3D16A08F1D59D4F46F05897C27B1D363" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
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: 75. -
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<bibRefCitation id="7D3529454ACFD37EF750CE879EFEE680" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 20
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<bibRefCitation id="AA651F8A00101F3A2764D9574EB55846" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="497 - 518" refId="B150" refString="Kitahara, M, 2007. Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science 81 (3): 497 - 518" title="Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil." volume="81" year="2007">. -Kitahara 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 498, 507, 510, fig. 2K. -
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<bibRefCitation id="1A18DBCFBCB4EB7A93E0ACA88631C19B" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="11 - 18" refId="B156" refString="Kitahara, M, Horn Filho, N, Abreu, J, 2008. Utilizacao de registros de corais de profundidade (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) para prever a localizacao e mapear tipos de substratos na plataforma e talude continental do sul do Brasil. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo) 48: 11 - 18" title="Utilizacao de registros de corais de profundidade (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) para prever a localizacao e mapear tipos de substratos na plataforma e talude continental do sul do Brasil." volume="48" year="2008">Kitahara et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 16, fig. 2D. -Cairns 2004: 278. -
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<bibRefCitation id="017FF459FF277B0F0ED2FC638038CD96" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="91 - 118" refId="B155" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, Miller, D, 2010a. Monophyletic origin of the Caryophyllia (Scleractinia; Caryophylliidae), with description of six new species. Systematics and Biodiversity 8: 91 - 118" title="Monophyletic origin of the Caryophyllia (Scleractinia; Caryophylliidae), with description of six new species." volume="8" year="2010 a">Kitahara et al 2010a</bibRefCitation>
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: 109, figs 113,117.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1ADB9AA1C0A8FD6383C9F1C07F7BA43E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="42DBFF47EB00BD3D63F794E8176941D4" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia cultrifera" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cultrifera">Caryophyllia cultrifera</taxonomicName>
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Alcock, 1902b: 7-8, figs 1, 1A
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<bibRefCitation id="A73BCBF373E5AD0B716017F8A86C9966" author="Faustino, L" journalOrPublisher="Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B92" refString="Faustino, L, 1927. Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands. Monographs, Philippine Bureau of Science 22" title="Recent Madreporaria of the Philippine Islands." year="1927">. -Faustino 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 67-68, pl. 8, figs 8, 9. -
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<bibRefCitation id="9A9E858F7ED73F586FE79EEC3050BA2D" author="Veron, J" journalOrPublisher="Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B291" refString="Veron, J, 1986. Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" title="Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific." year="1986">Veron 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 905.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="22503FB71DD7576F36B76AD3D5BCB2D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6CC5B10D587C1B32A440F25929716579" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia clavus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="clavus">Caryophyllia clavus</taxonomicName>
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. -von
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<bibRefCitation id="A3EAF4547EAE052B771970F8E1F48C89" author="Marenzeller, von E" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B177" refString="Marenzeller, von E, 1904a. Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898-1899 7(3): 261-318." title="Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899 7 (3): 261 - 318." year="1904 a">Marenzeller 1904a</bibRefCitation>
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: 281 (in part '
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<taxonomicName id="32A3DAD1484763B210520D8A34F4CC95" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1847" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Valdivia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Valdivia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Valdivia</taxonomicName>
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'-246), pl. 16, figs 9C-G.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BAE7B9A64A3C1A100460FB1F15556B58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="F1FF051CF480E0C666645D700EC065F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FD6122A64851507A612981F0FFB3F92D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Off Flores and Sulu Seas (HMS
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|
||
stns. 45 and 102:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EEF0E6ECDDA020708EF1FF6E8DDF6987" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-7.4">7°24'00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1CB919FB94F40902B5A42453A71C3D83" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="118.255554">118°15'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
and
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="64B673A73826DECE194AD27C949275BD" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="6.069444">6°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="35E5461033DD3604AF05584133D4A83E" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="120.73333">120°44'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, respectively); 535-794 m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6C8BC3D20523439D5F99C0F06AA38860" author="Alcock, A" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="89 - 115" refId="B6" refString="Alcock, A, 1902a. Diagnoses and descriptions of new species of corals rom the "Siboga-Expedition". Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 7 (2): 89 - 115" title="Diagnoses and descriptions of new species of corals rom the " Siboga-Expedition "." volume="7" year="1902 a">Alcock 1902a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E910CA7E9C89EC6AB63C2971BCF486EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="82672344BECB5A7F144A0724BF3FDD43" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9804C5F7F4B03A654DF0B21A190FD9AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Six syntypes are deposited at the ZMA
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="32855D6BBD8EF4F50362A057B6771B44" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Kitahara et al. 2010).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FEDD0B21E591BD1E0CCC21ADBD8BB46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F14C8E81B90F8C1D2F71B7C838A58DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="67925140AED361F57773A24698BD07C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
SAM_H1248 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="7C85A80A37A9365C89977E3AFDDD052B" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
): Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity id="41A58E9D7C1DF603F6C844B509691EF1" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
|
||
from DURBAN/
|
||
<quantity id="5CFA501A1080EDF26EB44187EC027787" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
off Mdloti Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="10063F535E59ABBEF48ED250FAEC2B43" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.21" value="-29.709503">29°42'34.21"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2D73E340B366F45F8981E8B0EA964103" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="50.82" value="31.09745">31°05'50.82"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="60C8C661FEEE8B81DA197C8BA6853CA0" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="AE89830939009594ECCD38D87132D5FA" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" unit="m" value="91.0">91 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8E603D74A231D4296D7C60B3FB833754" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BB8576C5D001BB724C172A97DB98CF97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="47D55D9C72230209AB6963FF08FE5E62" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Corallum ceratoid, unattached, and curved to a narrow pedicel (PD:GCD = 0.2). Calice slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.1), with jagged calicular margin. Specimen examined 9.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DDD85B85F097361E96C563C3540F6509" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
8.6 mm in CD, 2.0 mm in PD, and 11.3 mm in H. Costae granular, flat, and separated by narrow intercostal furrows that fade towards base. Corallum white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A4C9354ED00627A8F0C21A225F75BE4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1-2> S3> S4 (48 septa). S1-2 thick, slightly exsert, and extend to columella deep in fossa with straight to slightly sinuous axial margins. S2-3 progressively less exsert. S3 axial margin more sinuous than remaining septa. S3 ~ 2/3 the width to S1-2, each bearing a sinuous pali (12 P3). S4 rudimentary, but joining adjacent S1 and S2 at calicular margin to form rectangular lancets. All septal faces bear small pointed granules. Fossa relatively shallow containing a fascicular columella composed of five ribbon-like elements.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0BF31143EA135CDE82EA94513C4142BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C979413D57E24ED733F6F319A6870A8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="39D6FE6C6D6EA91C6A7913288537A760" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Durban; 91 m. Elsewhere: Brazil
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F62FD49E14AFF8C3C27650473376E24" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="497 - 518" refId="B150" refString="Kitahara, M, 2007. Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science 81 (3): 497 - 518" title="Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil." volume="81" year="2007">(Kitahara 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Zealand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="494D545DA51E190E154ABAE66DB92F8E" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); New Caledonia (Kitahara et al. 2010;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="43133C74C0F861BDD9A526516BDE8929" author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Australia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E8988AE7C942A19DA48DDF28EA177A47" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2004; Kitahara et al. 2010); Tanzania (von Marenzeller 1904
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48786AEDF656F3036F6FD66B96EB6A30" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 202" refId="B104" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1938. The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933-34. Scientific Reports 5 (7): 167 - 202" title="The flabellid and turbinolid corals. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34." volume="5" year="1938">; Gardiner and Waugh 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Madagascar Plateau; Walter Shoal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="332BC731FC125A48EF0306D79A0F572A" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Sulu Sea; Celebes Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="331309067EDC4E7FE8D2CE0D61F67837" author="Alcock, A" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="89 - 115" refId="B6" refString="Alcock, A, 1902a. Diagnoses and descriptions of new species of corals rom the "Siboga-Expedition". Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging 7 (2): 89 - 115" title="Diagnoses and descriptions of new species of corals rom the " Siboga-Expedition "." volume="7" year="1902 a">Alcock 1902a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); off Tonga and Samoa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E924F0D6AF8F9311BEB99047F4235BF" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Philippines; Indonesia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="22BF01218226F15F98DBF6E2D8CBFF75" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Wallis and Futuna Islands; and Vanuatu (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA5CB3CD2AE0BC560E41B5896E13301E" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 253-2450 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8211A1B1EBBC6D0620A40367F165E21F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="60289D9A04BB50F05D51B268BDFE51F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C341442B4791B7DFB96FA00B11E42DFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
As noted by Kitahara et al. (2010),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0B86056A73389F4D79AF6F6FE67FD0B" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia (C.) scobinosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scobinosa" subGenus="C.">Caryophyllia (C.) scobinosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from other unattached Indo-Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6F67E447BF21DD8644F47DCF95153AC" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryophyllia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB1FA27753F8AA9C9D9C064169AE9488" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caryophyllia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having 48-72 septa, 12-14 pali, and a jagged calicular margin. The South African representative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E86C13D241E79943FD73F342D7B2C1FF" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. scobinosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scobinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="081C24E740B4FE0ADD20DB5D1A8610CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. scobinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
superficially resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD7667757D13E41A90789D1D558EBF94" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. stellula" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellula">
|
||
<emphasis id="D5B66FC7010E4675B24E2E24A97B43E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. stellula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cairns, 1998 but can be distinguished by its S4 being more exsert than S3, and also by joining neighbouring S1 and S2 at the calicular margin forming triangular lancets. Corallum size and density also differentiate the adult forms of these two species. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06066049676CB55672D25DD40EDB4905" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. scobinosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scobinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="3E83853D1DE0F48AD87AA07B3D54561E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. scobinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been previously reported in neighbouring areas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE17D85C7DB037D541CC5A4B68EB9F07" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the current study confirms the occurrence of this species further south in the South African territory.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |