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477 lines
51 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="43F1C4279BF7D4E86C80262D96C96CE3">New Taxa and Occurrences of Mesophotic and Deep-sea Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) from Okinawa and adjacent regions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38B72C820704FE38EF0A56BE7415F539">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA6B22D8826FF0CDDA439FF55DB0BB7F">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4751EB3C64397F438F0DE296C384A8F8">Kogure, Yoichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A79E04EBEBDEA67A13C46D1572DDD82">Fisheries Resources Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 1 - 5939 - 22 Suido-cho, Chuo, Niigata, Niigata 951 - 8121, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7379A50A3FE3E7D4CC1BE7C6B032C01D" type="email">kogure_yoichi52@fra.go.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6FAF8FD32881C56F6A6E7E6D05E227C7">Fujita, Toshihiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5EA9694B3DEDCD26841966358FFAA8D4">Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DDDC902BDFE7BA0A0B7929FFF576339B" type="email">fujita@kahaku.go.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="16584222B28694D165F45597AF05F221">Higashiji, Takuo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="70612B30800E5F3F33D5FD9D42029366">Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, 424 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905 - 0206, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7FB8AFEE77DC7456BCA61D5072534268" type="email">t-higashiji@okichura.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="50CDB417C49A3D46FE394780A6018447">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="312D9A4C26456F9C0D853E4BC060E7EB">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBAFFBEFF0EF8067E6313C9" box="[151,528,1955,1982]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBAFFBEFF0EF8067E6313C9" blockId="18.[151,528,1955,2017]" box="[151,528,1955,1982]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="C16681B6FFBAFFBEFF0EF8067E6313C9" bold="true" box="[151,528,1955,1982]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBAFFBEFF0EF8067E6313C9" ID-CoL="6JPB5" authority="(Perrier, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[151,528,1955,1982]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monilis">
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBAFFBEFF0EF8067E6313C9" bold="true" box="[151,528,1955,1982]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBAFFBEFF0EF8067D2713CA" bold="true" box="[151,340,1955,1982]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fromia monilis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBAFFBEFEFAF8067E7B13C9" author="Perrier, E." box="[355,520,1955,1981]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="5 - 188" refId="ref20569" refString="Perrier, E. (1869) n. k. In: Recherche sur les pedicellaires et les ambulacres des asterides et des oursins. Theses presentees a la Faculte des Sciences de Paris pour obtenir le Grade de Docteur es Sciences Naturelles Victor Masson et fils, Paris, pp. 5 - 188, pls. 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14144" type="book chapter" year="1869">Perrier, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBAFFBEFF0EF8627D361395" box="[151,325,1991,2017]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBAFFBEFF0EF8627D361395" blockId="18.[151,528,1955,2017]" box="[151,325,1991,2017]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFBAFFBEFF0EF8627D361395" box="[151,325,1991,2017]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Fromia monilis USNM E45943 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal surface detail. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region on actinal surface. Scale bar: A, C–D=2.0 mm; B, E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561602/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 8A–E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBBFFBFFF0EFF327D47153C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFF327DBA14DA" blockId="19.[151,1436,150,328]" box="[151,457,150,175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA8111F4FFBBFFBFFF0EFF327DBA14DA" box="[151,457,150,175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFBBFFBFFF0EFF327DD214DA" author="Perrier, E." box="[151,417,150,175]" page="62" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1869">
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFF0EFF327DD214DA" authority="Perrier 1869: 62" authorityName="Perrier" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,417,150,175]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Scytaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFF327C8714DA" box="[151,244,151,174]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Scytaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFF63FF327DD214DA" author="Perrier, E." box="[250,417,150,175]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="5 - 188" refId="ref20569" refString="Perrier, E. (1869) n. k. In: Recherche sur les pedicellaires et les ambulacres des asterides et des oursins. Theses presentees a la Faculte des Sciences de Paris pour obtenir le Grade de Docteur es Sciences Naturelles Victor Masson et fils, Paris, pp. 5 - 188, pls. 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14144" type="book chapter" year="1869">Perrier 1869: 62</bibRefCitation>
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(54)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFF137DB514B9" blockId="19.[151,1436,150,328]" box="[151,454,181,205]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA8111F4FFBBFFBFFF0EFF137DB514B9" box="[151,454,181,205]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFF0EFF137DB514B9" ID-CoL="6JPB8" authority="Perrier 1881" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,454,181,205]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="japonica">
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||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFF137D3114B9" box="[151,322,182,205]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia japonica</emphasis>
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||
Perrier 1881
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFF707DC51498" blockId="19.[151,1436,150,328]" box="[151,438,212,236]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA8111F4FFBBFFBFFF0EFF707DC51498" box="[151,438,212,236]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFF0EFF707DC51498" ID-CoL="6JPB7" authority="Koehler 1895" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,438,212,236]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="major">
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||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFF707D551498" box="[151,294,213,236]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia major</emphasis>
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Koehler 1895
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFF567D47153C" blockId="19.[151,1436,150,328]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA8111F4FFBBFFBFFF0EFF5679EF157E" box="[151,1436,242,267]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFBBFFBFFF0EFF567DCD157F" author="Clark, H. L." box="[151,446,243,267]" page="46" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1921">
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||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFF0EFF567DCD157F" ID-CoL="7P2TP" authority="H. L. Clark 1921: 46" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,446,243,267]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFF567C91157E" box="[151,226,243,266]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia</emphasis>
|
||
H.L.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFEB9FF567DCD157F" author="Clark, H. L." box="[288,446,243,267]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref17756" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication No. 214. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute. Vol. 10. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D. C., vi + 223 pp., 38 pls." type="book" year="1921">Clark 1921: 46</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Doderlein 1926: 19;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFBBFFBFFD38FF567F14157E" author="Hayashi, R." box="[673,871,242,267]" page="425" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1938">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFD38FF567F14157E" author="Hayashi, R." box="[673,871,242,267]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="197 - 221" refId="ref18126" refString="Hayashi, R. (1938) Sea-stars of the Ryukyu Islands. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 8 (14), 197 - 221, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1938">Hayashi 1938: 425</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; 1973: 58;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFBBFFBFFC45FF5678AA157F" author="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E." box="[988,1241,243,267]" page="62" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1971">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFC45FF5678AA157F" author="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E." box="[988,1241,243,267]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref17578" refString="Clark, A. M. & Rowe, F. W. E. (1971) Monograph of Shallow-water Indo-West Pacific Echinoderms. British Museum (Natural History) Publications 690. British Museum (Natural History), London, ix + 238 pp., 31 pls." type="book" year="1971">Clark & Rowe 1971: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="1B3010CBFFBBFFBFFB7CFF5679EB157E" author="Marsh, L. M." box="[1253,1432,242,267]" page="258" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFB7CFF5679EB157E" author="Marsh, L. M." box="[1253,1432,242,267]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="251 - 281" refId="ref19938" refString="Marsh, L. M. (1977) Coral Reef Asteroids of Palau, Caroline Islands. Micronesica, 13 (2), 251 - 281." type="journal article" year="1977">Marsh 1977: 258</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
1978: 222; Jangoux 1978: 296;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFD9FFEB47E82155D" author="Julka, J. M. & Das, S." box="[518,753,273,297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="345 - 351" refId="ref18395" refString="Julka, J. M. & Das, S. (1978) Studies on the shallow-water starfishes of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologisches Museum und Institut fur Spezielle, Zoologie, 54 (2), 345 - 351. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 19780540208" type="journal article" year="1978">Julka & Das 1978: 347</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFCACFEB47FA8155D" author="Clark, A. M." box="[821,987,273,297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="187 - 366" refId="ref17534" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea. Part 2: Valvatida. E chinoderm Studies, 4, 187 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9781003072553 - 4" type="journal article" year="1993">Clark 1993: 332</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFC7CFEB778A8155D" author="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J." box="[997,1243,273,297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 510" refId="ref20673" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. & Gates, J. (1995) Echinodermata. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia 33. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. 1 - 510." type="book chapter" year="1995">Rowe & Gates 1995: 82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFB7CFEB479EF155D" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." box="[1253,1436,273,297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont</bibRefCitation>
|
||
2020: 237.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBBFFBFFF0EFE3F780516C4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFE3F7D6315C0" blockId="19.[151,272,410,436]" box="[151,272,410,436]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFBBFFBFFF0EFE3F7D6315C0" bold="true" box="[151,272,410,436]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFE3F7D6315C0" bold="true" box="[151,272,410,436]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFE47780516C4" blockId="19.[151,1437,482,689]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Body stellate (R/r=3.8–5.0), arms elongate and triangular, disk small, interradial arcs acute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFBBFFBFFB3EFE4779561588" box="[1191,1317,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Fromia monilis USNM E45943 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal surface detail. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region on actinal surface. Scale bar: A, C–D=2.0 mm; B, E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561602/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Granular cover continuous over abactinal and marginal plates surfaces, coarser on actinal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFBBFFBFFBE5FDA378A71654" box="[1148,1236,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Fromia monilis USNM E45943 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal surface detail. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region on actinal surface. Scale bar: A, C–D=2.0 mm; B, E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561602/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abactinal plates weakly convex, especially on disk becoming more convex on arms. Superomarginal plates convex, uniform and contiguous interradially and proximally on arms alternating large and small plates distally from approximately midway along the arm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFBBFFBFFE37FDD77E5C16F8" box="[430,559,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Fromia monilis USNM E45943 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal surface detail. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region on actinal surface. Scale bar: A, C–D=2.0 mm; B, E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561602/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furrow spines 2 to 3, subambulacral spines two with two series of 4 to 6 granules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02AA2A5FFFBBFFBFFE9CFD337D2E16C4" box="[261,349,662,688]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-98@20.[151,1436,309,1837]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. Fromia monilis USNM E45943 A. Abactinal surface. B. Abactinal surface detail. C. Lateral view. D. Actinal surface. E. Oral region on actinal surface. Scale bar: A, C–D=2.0 mm; B, E=1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10561602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10561602/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Papulae single on corners of abactinal, marginal and actinal surfaces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBBFFBFFF0EFCA779F110DC" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFCA77D6D1768" blockId="19.[151,286,770,796]" box="[151,286,770,796]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFBBFFBFFF0EFCA77D6D1768" bold="true" box="[151,286,770,796]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFCA77D6D1768" bold="true" box="[151,286,770,796]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFCEE79F110DC" blockId="19.[151,1437,842,1193]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFF0EFCEE7D311710" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[151,322,842,868]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFCEE7D311710" box="[151,322,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia monilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widely occurring species throughout the Indo-Pacific ranging from the Central and South Pacific to the Indian Ocean, in tropical coral reefs from littoral to mesophotic depths where it feeds on algae and biofilm substrates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFE8DFC377E5517D8" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." box="[276,550,914,941]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is observed with relatively great frequency and is a mainstay of underwater photo guides and similar image-based identification resources for this region (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFBBAFC1378BA17A4" author="Coleman, N." box="[1059,1225,950,976]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref17821" refString="Coleman, N. (2007) Sea Stars: Echinoderms of the Asia / Indo-Pacific. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic, Springwood, Queensland, 136 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coleman 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFB4AFC137CA21780" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as well as online venues such as iNaturalist. These images display what appears to be the highly variable range of morphology and color, including differing abundance of abactinal plates across the arm; disk and arm size and width; variation of the color pattern, including white arms, red disk, and darkened arm tips (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFB70FB8779E21048" author="Coleman, N." box="[1257,1425,1058,1084]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref17821" refString="Coleman, N. (2007) Sea Stars: Echinoderms of the Asia / Indo-Pacific. Neville Coleman's Underwater Geographic, Springwood, Queensland, 136 pp." type="book" year="2007">Coleman 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Examination of many specimens as well as analysis of DNA sequences suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFBDDFBE278971014" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1092,1252,1094,1120]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monili">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFBDDFBE278971014" box="[1092,1252,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia monili</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s is composed of a wide-ranging cryptic species complex (G. Paulay, pers. comm.) It is apparently further confused with other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFF2FFB2A7D7A10DC" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1921" box="[182,265,1167,1192]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF2FFB2A7D7A10DC" box="[182,265,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D914D59FFBBFFBFFEF6FB2A7E4F10DC" box="[367,572,1166,1192]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Fromia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heffernani">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFEF6FB2A7E4F10DC" box="[367,572,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fromia heffernani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which possess similar coloration but differing actinal surface morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBBFFBFFF0EFB5F7E431198" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFB5F7D5A1160" blockId="19.[151,297,1274,1300]" box="[151,297,1274,1300]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFBBFFBFFF0EFB5F7D5A1160" bold="true" box="[151,297,1274,1300]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EFB5F7D5A1160" bold="true" box="[151,297,1274,1300]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EFAE67E9F1129" blockId="19.[151,1436,1346,1517]" box="[151,748,1346,1373]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFF0EFAE67CA91129" box="[151,218,1347,1373]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFF7CFAE77D3E1128" box="[229,333,1346,1372]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Ryukyu Islands (herein) 46–59.0 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF5EFAC37E431198" blockId="19.[151,1436,1346,1517]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Outside
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFEB0FAC27D1F11F5" box="[297,364,1383,1409]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Tropical
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFE7BFAC37E3F11F4" box="[482,588,1382,1408]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from the Houtman Abrolhos,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFC2DFAC2780C11F4" box="[948,1151,1382,1409]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFB30FAC3796311F4" box="[1193,1296,1382,1408]" name="Ashmore and Cartier Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ashmore</collectingCountry>
|
||
reef, Timor Sea and the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland to Elizabeth Reef, Tasman Sea. Red Sea,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFBFCFA2F796F11D0" box="[1125,1308,1418,1444]" name="Maldives" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Maldive Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFAB1FA2F79EB11D0" box="[1320,1432,1418,1444]" name="Indonesia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFF0EFA0B7D6611BC" box="[151,277,1454,1480]" name="Philippines" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFEDBFA0A7D8511BC" box="[322,502,1454,1481]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFD9FFA0B7EB211BC" box="[518,705,1454,1480]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFD48FA0B7F6111BC" box="[721,786,1454,1480]" name="Palau" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFCBBFA0B7F1D11BC" box="[802,878,1454,1480]" name="Samoa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Samoa</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFC34FA0B7FA711BC" box="[941,980,1454,1480]" name="Fiji" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fiji</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the West Pacific.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFB49FA0B795611BC" box="[1232,1317,1454,1480]" name="Taiwan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFAACFA0B79EF11BD" box="[1333,1436,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0–100 m</quantity>
|
||
(following
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE004B2BFFBBFFBFFE8DFA777E571198" author="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J." box="[276,548,1490,1517]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref19967" refString="Marsh, L. M. & Fromont, J. (2020) Field Guide to Shallow - Water Seastars of Australia. Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, D. C., 543 pp." type="book" year="2020">Marsh & Fromont 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D28B6551FFBBFFB8FF0EF99B7FF81569" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EF99B7D0C122C" blockId="19.[151,383,1598,1624]" box="[151,383,1598,1624]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="C16681B6FFBBFFBFFF0EF99B7D0C122C" bold="true" box="[151,383,1598,1624]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8E5EAC8FFBBFFBFFF0EF99B7D0C122C" bold="true" box="[151,383,1598,1624]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Material Examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF0EF9237F9312B1" blockId="19.[151,1436,1670,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBBFFBFFF0EF9237F9312B1" collectingDate="1986-09-27" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" elevation="0" location="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="USNM E45562" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBBFFBFFF0EF9237D3B12D5" box="[151,328,1670,1697]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM E45562</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBBFFBFFEC8F9237DA712D5" bearing="292.5" box="[337,468,1670,1697]" distance="1000.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFEC8F9237DF012D4" box="[337,387,1670,1696]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFE64F9237EE012D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFE64F9237EE012D4" box="[509,659,1670,1696]" country="Japan" name="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD3CF9237F1B12D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD3CF9237F1B12D4" box="[677,872,1670,1696]" country="Japan" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFCE5F9237F9712D4" box="[892,996,1670,1696]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFC68F92378D712D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFC68F92378D712D4" box="[1009,1188,1670,1696]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFB28F922788712D5" box="[1201,1268,1671,1697]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFBBFFBFFF0EF90F7C9B12B1" box="[151,232,1706,1733]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFF0EF90F7C9B12B1" box="[151,232,1706,1733]" metricUnit="m" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="52.0">52.0 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBBFFBFFEA8F90E7DB212B0" box="[305,449,1706,1733]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBBFFBFFE54F90F7E1812B0" box="[461,619,1706,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1986-09-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBBFFBFFE54F90F7E1812B0" box="[461,619,1706,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1986-09-27">27 Sept. 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBBFFBFFDEFF90F7EF712B0" box="[630,644,1706,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=2.9 r=0.6, 6 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF5EF96B7FF81378" blockId="19.[151,1436,1670,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBBFFBFFF5EF96B7FF81378" collectingDate="1985-10-16" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" elevation="56" location="Onna Village" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="USNM E45569" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBBFFBFFF5EF96B7D07129D" box="[199,372,1742,1769]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM E45569</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBBFFBFFEE3F96B7D89129D" bearing="292.5" box="[378,506,1742,1769]" distance="1000.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFEE3F96B7DDF129C" box="[378,428,1742,1768]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD85F96B7EDD129C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD85F96B7EDD129C" box="[540,686,1742,1768]" country="Japan" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" name="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD24F96B7F0F129C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD24F96B7F0F129C" box="[701,892,1742,1768]" country="Japan" municipality="Ryukyu Islands" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFC14F96B7F86129C" box="[909,1013,1742,1768]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7A4AACA0FFBBFFBFFC66F96B78DD129C" box="[1023,1198,1742,1768]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ryukyu Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFB21F96A7888129D" box="[1208,1275,1743,1769]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFF0EF9577C8E1379" box="[151,253,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="56.0" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="53.0">
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFBBFFBFFF0EF9577C8E1379" box="[151,253,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="56.0" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="53.0">53–59 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBBFFBFFEDFF9567DA51378" box="[326,470,1778,1805]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBBFFBFFE7BF9577E051379" box="[482,630,1778,1805]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1985-10-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBBFFBFFE7BF9577E051379" box="[482,630,1778,1805]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1985-10-16">16 Oct. 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBBFFBFFD18F9577EFC1378" box="[641,655,1778,1804]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=3.0 r=0.8
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF5EF8B379551320" blockId="19.[151,1436,1670,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBBFFBFFF5EF8B379551320" collectingDate="1988-08-18" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" elevation="0" location="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="USNM E45943" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBBFFBFFF5EF8B37D071345" box="[199,372,1814,1841]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM E45943</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBBFFBFFEE0F8B37D8B1345" bearing="292.5" box="[377,504,1814,1841]" distance="1000.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFEE0F8B37DD81344" box="[377,427,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD80F8B37ED81344" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD80F8B37ED81344" box="[537,683,1814,1840]" country="Japan" name="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD20F8B37F0A1344" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD20F8B37F0A1344" box="[697,889,1814,1840]" country="Japan" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
), Base of vertical rock wall at reef edge.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFAA9F8B379EB1344" box="[1328,1432,1814,1840]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFF0EF89F7D3B1320" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFF0EF89F7D3B1320" box="[151,328,1850,1876]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFECAF89E7DE51321" box="[339,406,1851,1877]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFBBFFBFFDDBF89F7EE01321" box="[578,659,1850,1877]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFDDBF89F7EE01321" box="[578,659,1850,1877]" metricUnit="m" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="49.0">49.0 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBBFFBFFD45F89E7F1F1320" box="[732,876,1850,1877]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBBFFBFFCEEF89F78611320" box="[887,1042,1850,1876]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1988-08-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBBFFBFFCEEF89F78611320" box="[887,1042,1850,1876]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1988-08-18">18 Aug. 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBBFFBFFB84F89F78581320" box="[1053,1067,1850,1876]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=3.0 r=0.6
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF5EF8FB7FB213E8" blockId="19.[151,1436,1670,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBBFFBFFF5EF8FB7FB213E8" collectingDate="1986-09-27" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" location="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="USNM E45962" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBBFFBFFF5EF8FB7D07130D" box="[199,372,1886,1913]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM E45962</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBBFFBFFEE3F8FB7E65130C" bearing="292.5" box="[378,534,1886,1913]" distance="1000.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFEE3F8FB7DDF130C" box="[378,428,1886,1912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW of
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD85F8FB7EDD130C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD85F8FB7EDD130C" box="[540,686,1886,1912]" country="Japan" name="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD24F8FB7F0F130C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD24F8FB7F0F130C" box="[701,892,1886,1912]" country="Japan" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFC14F8FB7F86130C" box="[909,1013,1886,1912]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFC66F8FB78DD130C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFC66F8FB78DD130C" box="[1023,1198,1886,1912]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFB21F8FA7888130D" box="[1208,1275,1887,1913]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848, 49.0 m. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBBFFBFFEA8F8267DB213E8" box="[305,449,1922,1949]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBBFFBFFE54F8277ED913E8" box="[461,682,1922,1948]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1986-09-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBBFFBFFE54F8277ED913E8" box="[461,682,1922,1948]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1986-09-27">27 September 1986</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBBFFBFFD2CF8277EB013E8" box="[693,707,1922,1948]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</specimenCount>
|
||
wet spec. R=3.7 r=0.8
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBBFFBFFF5EF8037FF71391" blockId="19.[151,1436,1670,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBBFFBFFF5EF8037FF71391" collectingDate="2021-06" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" elevation="0" location="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="USNM E45921" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBBFFBFFF5EF8037D0613B5" box="[199,373,1958,1985]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USNM E45921</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBBFFBFFEE3F8037E6513B4" bearing="292.5" box="[378,534,1958,1985]" distance="1000.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFEE3F8037DDF13B4" box="[378,428,1958,1984]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW of
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD82F8037EDD13B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD82F8037EDD13B4" box="[539,686,1958,1984]" country="Japan" name="Onna Village" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD24F8037F0F13B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFD24F8037F0F13B4" box="[701,892,1958,1984]" country="Japan" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBBFFBFFC14F8037F8613B4" box="[909,1013,1958,1984]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFC66F80378DD13B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBBFFBFFC66F80378DD13B4" box="[1023,1198,1958,1984]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBBFFBFFB21F802788813B5" box="[1208,1275,1959,1985]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFBBFFBFFF0EF86F7C9F1391" box="[151,236,1994,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBBFFBFFF0EF86F7C9B1391" box="[151,232,1994,2021]" metricUnit="m" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="58.0">58.0 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBBFFBFFEA8F86E7DB21390" box="[305,449,1994,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBBFFBFFE54F86F7E541391" box="[461,551,1994,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2021-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBBFFBFFE54F86F7E541391" box="[461,551,1994,2021]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2021-06">21 June</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. 1987.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBBFFBFFDEEF86F7EF61390" box="[631,645,1994,2020]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">1</specimenCount>
|
||
wet spec. R=2.1 r=0.5
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBCFFB8FF5EFF327F0F14A1" blockId="20.[151,1436,150,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBCFFB8FF5EFF327F0F14A1" collectingDate="1988-09-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" elevation="0" location="Onna Village" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="USNM E45968" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBCFFB8FF5EFF327D0714C5" box="[199,372,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USNM E45968</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBCFFB8FEE3FF327E6514C5" bearing="292.5" box="[378,534,151,177]" distance="1000.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBCFFB8FEE3FF327DDF14C5" box="[378,428,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW of
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD85FF327EDD14C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD85FF327EDD14C5" box="[540,686,151,177]" country="Japan" name="Onna Village" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD24FF327F0F14C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD24FF327F0F14C5" box="[701,892,151,177]" country="Japan" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBCFFB8FC14FF327F8614C5" box="[909,1013,151,177]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FC66FF3278DD14C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FC66FF3278DD14C5" box="[1023,1198,151,177]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBCFFB8FB21FF32788814C5" box="[1208,1275,151,177]" name="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFBCFFB8FF0EFF1E7C9B14A1" box="[151,232,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBCFFB8FF0EFF1E7C9B14A1" box="[151,232,187,213]" metricUnit="m" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="46.0">46.0 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBCFFB8FEA8FF1E7DB214A1" box="[305,449,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBCFFB8FE54FF1E7E2E14A1" box="[461,605,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1988-09-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBCFFB8FE54FF1E7E2E14A1" box="[461,605,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1988-09-02">2 Sept. 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBCFFB8FDF1FF1E7E0514A1" box="[616,630,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1</specimenCount>
|
||
wet spec. R=3.7 r=0.8.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A2E36DAFFBCFFB8FF5EFF7A7FF81569" blockId="20.[151,1436,150,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2AF93C87FFBCFFB8FF5EFF7A7FF81569" collectingDate="1984-04-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R. F. Bolland" country="Japan" elevation="0" location="Onna Village" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="USNM E50771" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
|
||
<specimenCode id="CA379EA1FFBCFFB8FF5EFF7A7D06148D" box="[199,373,222,249]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">USNM E50771</specimenCode>
|
||
<locationDeviation id="8B9C2FF8FFBCFFB8FEE3FF7A7E65148D" bearing="292.5" box="[378,534,223,249]" distance="1000.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBCFFB8FEE3FF7A7DDF148D" box="[378,428,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="1.0">1km</quantity>
|
||
WNW of
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD85FF7A7EDD148D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD85FF7A7EDD148D" box="[540,686,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Onna Village" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Okinawa">Onna Village</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD24FF7A7F0F148D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FD24FF7A7F0F148D" box="[701,892,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Horseshoe Cliffs" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Okinawa">Horseshoe Cliffs</location>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5855F838FFBCFFB8FC14FF7A7F86148D" box="[909,1013,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FC66FF7A78DD148D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123887CCFFBAFFB8FF0EF8067FF81569:9F4E6001FFBCFFB8FC66FF7A78DD148D" box="[1023,1198,223,249]" country="Japan" name="Ryukyu Islands" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Okinawa">Ryukyu Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E286764AFFBCFFB8FB21FF7A7888148D" box="[1208,1275,223,249]" name="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 26.5 127.848,
|
||
<elevation id="11BCD1E9FFBCFFB8FF0EFEA67C9F1569" box="[151,236,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<quantity id="5D699B3FFFBCFFB8FF0EFEA67C9B1569" box="[151,232,259,285]" metricUnit="m" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="46.0">46.0 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="3764530CFFBCFFB8FEA8FEA67DB21569" box="[305,449,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R.F. Bolland</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EE2F101AFFBCFFB8FE54FEA67E181569" box="[461,619,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1984-04-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FE6BE9F2FFBCFFB8FE54FEA67E181569" box="[461,619,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1984-04-24">24 April 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="8C97FD53FFBCFFB8FDEFFEA67EF71569" box="[630,644,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">1</specimenCount>
|
||
wet spec. R=1.6 r=0.3.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |