322 lines
43 KiB
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322 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e109088" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-74-169" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C126D0A1493E5126BE9F97ABDD4605C9" ID-ZooBank="D85DA495456848ECB0AA2A9B48F817EA" ModsDocID="2625-8498-74-169" checkinTime="1709890918002" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Kai, Deepak, V., Das, Abhijit, Grismer, L. Lee, Liu, Shuo & Che, Jing" docDate="2024" docId="50A2E4A2D3DC55E2ABE88626E5561A87" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 74: 169-192" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 74" docPubDate="2024-03-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e109088" docTitle="Calotes yunnanensis Annandale 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="C126D0A1493E5126BE9F97ABDD4605C9" lastPageNumber="169" masterDocId="C126D0A1493E5126BE9F97ABDD4605C9" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision of the Calotes jerdoni complex (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae) in the Pan-Himalaya" masterLastPageNumber="192" masterPageNumber="169" pageNumber="169" updateTime="1709890918002" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="6BF52BEEF9DF5DA993BE49537E28BD35">Systematic revision of the Calotes jerdoni complex (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae) in the Pan-Himalaya</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FE46F0A2F2C4BD14DAE6562DDF552504">Wang, Kai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="20A8F1A96B124B64C2D4434D8BD31A2C">State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China & Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="38AC33666E57BE3C6D2C4E84B4392B89" type="email">wangkai@mail.kiz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5C00FB5A31877195FDE6EDC4F7FF53A5">Deepak, V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="619A16F9089D780D5941A239E655B194">Senckenberg Dresden, Koenigsbruecker Landstrasse 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany & Science Group, The Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C0BFF9E9D8FAA5B8A7CD776AA91C532A">Das, Abhijit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C44560DCA7424D66760AA642F263DED8">Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, 248002, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1855D0DFFF11A8CD7AB822FE65E9C4B9">Grismer, L. Lee</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DBD6F37A570003961E6589ED62978C69">Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Biology, La Sierra University, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, California, 92515, USA & Department of Herpetology, San Diego Natural History Museum, PO Box 121390, San Diego, California, 92112, USA & Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="408E878B3E2987ECD26969644C9EE23D">Liu, Shuo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C4F573A030D40A641EC6C8E4230807C7">State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="22CC556291EA98070C0D15554C6AA40A">Che, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="44FE8108939267FA7E2823EDB1191C64">State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China & Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0C0DAE89B3C747690D9A7B6867C3FC00">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C3FE858AF2445587D6E5C5F663CFDCED">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5871D39E5761AAC815F50F4C49497B34">74</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8B7A5556898C260620D66AFDCBC5EC56">169</mods:start>
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<treatment id="50A2E4A2D3DC55E2ABE88626E5561A87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50A2E4A2D3DC55E2ABE88626E5561A87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/50A2E4A2D3DC55E2ABE88626E5561A87" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<subSubSection id="2607BA47808C625E16EA3CB2BE25AAB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F7B5BE936584C4E4B211E01541380760" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName id="1F49AA597B919708FA0DE4923AEF95B8" ID-CoL="Q469" LSID="50A2E4A2-D3DC-55E2-ABE8-8626E5561A87" authority="Annandale, 1905" authorityName="Annandale" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes yunnanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">Calotes yunnanensis Annandale, 1905</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="14D91DFA621753C74C7F7CACD716010A" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2D62A64A817DE5A4A73CB289D5B727B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<figureCitation id="69825070A84A6AE8A257FE6C94F01D95" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Morphological comparison among C. jerdoni (A) (NHMUK 1946.8.11.54), C. iadina sp. nov. (B) (CAS 219992), C. yunnanensis (C) (KIZ 014148), and C. medogensis (D) (KIZ 019546), and C. maria (NHMUK 1946.8.11.24), showing characteristics of the gular scales (1) and axillary scales (2). Photos by V. Deepak and Kai Wang." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e109088.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/997305" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Figures 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A0E8235D4EDF7258BCD027AF09AF2545" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Holotype of Calotes yunnanensis (ZSI 6571), showing dorsal (A), ventral (B), lateral head (C), ventral head (D), dorsal head (E), and axillary region (F). Photos by V. Deepak and Abhijit Das." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e109088.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/997312" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 11</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="E6CD81F0BA4CE70A3D62407DF00E7DD8" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Topotypic individuals of Calotes yunnanensis in life, including KIZ 014146 (A), KIZ 014148 (B), KIZ 014147 (C), and a non-vouchered individual (D). Photos by Yu-Fan Wang and Zheng-Pan Duan." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e109088.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/997313" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">, 12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C4499D73CD8481B25E67AE5B66451AE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="chresonymy">
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<paragraph id="38CB42EF26A0A65994FBFEE10C50D8BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Chresonymy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DE1FE11862450EC33F0E2A8690026DE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName id="5BC5CF11EC7D5C3C3721DEAC97CE8F14" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1845" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes maria" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maria">Calotes maria</taxonomicName>
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- Anderson (1879: 806)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0CF64CB2CAA72C56DC0B4AD4253B8BE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName id="096E40770B3940746E848C11BC0C8DF2" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1870" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes jerdoni" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdoni">Calotes jerdoni</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation id="7950FAF421579F703D32E4AEAB2511F2" author="Pope, CH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B40" refString="Pope, CH, 1935. The Reptiles of China, Turtles, Crocodilians, Snakes, Lizards, Natural History of Central Asia 10. American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY" title="The Reptiles of China, Turtles, Crocodilians, Snakes, Lizards, Natural History of Central Asia 10." year="1935">Pope (1935</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 468-469),
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<bibRefCitation id="33BB2D0972551FEBC60B626BDEC63DD5" author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B48" refString="Smith, MA, 1935. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptiles and Amphibia, Vol. II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptiles and Amphibia, Vol. II. Sauria." year="1935">Smith (1935</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 194-195),
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<bibRefCitation id="7375C3460177DE91372439BBE737D2C2" author="Zhao, EM" journalOrPublisher="Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, OH" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B66" refString="Zhao, EM, Adler, K, 1993. Herpetology of China. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, OH" title="Herpetology of China." year="1993">Zhao and Adler (1993</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 188),
|
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<bibRefCitation id="9DBCAFCF0435FA6AE8560AF29E65AD68" author="Zhao, EM" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B67" refString="Zhao, EM, Yang, DT, 1997. Amphibians and Reptiles of Hengduan Mountains. Science Press, Beijing" title="Amphibians and Reptiles of Hengduan Mountains." year="1997">Zhao and Yang (1997</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 156-157),
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<bibRefCitation id="D0A4F1DF502066533BFEEB7E091D6E5D" author="Zhao, EM" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B68" refString="Zhao, EM, Zhao, KT, 1999. Fauna Sinica Reptilia: Squamata: Lacertilia. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica Reptilia: Squamata: Lacertilia." year="1999">Zhao et al. (1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 90-91),
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<bibRefCitation id="9CFA279247B479A824D3CD9D32301708" author="Yang, DT" journalOrPublisher="Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B63" refString="Yang, DT, Rao, DQ, 2008. Amphibia and Reptilia of Yunnan. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming" title="Amphibia and Reptilia of Yunnan." year="2008">Yang and Rao (2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 189),
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<bibRefCitation id="B41C6B44354165E9B49BA446748EDDEA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2019238" author="Wang, K" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B62" refString="Wang, K, Ren, JL, Chen, HM, Lyu, ZT, Guo, XG, Jiang, K, Chen, JM, Li, JT, Guo, P, Wang, Y, Che, J, 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28: 189-218 [in Chinese]. https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2019238" title="The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28: 189 - 218 [in Chinese]." url="https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2019238" year="2020">Wang et al. (2020</bibRefCitation>
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: appendix),
|
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<bibRefCitation id="71AFAA8EAA2BD779E8D107F2ACAF87FF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2021326" author="Wang, K" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" refId="B59" refString="Wang, K, Lyu, ZT, Wang, J, Qi, S, Che, J, 2022. The updated checklist and zoogeographic division of the reptilian fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30: 213-226 [in Chinese]. https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2021326" title="The updated checklist and zoogeographic division of the reptilian fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30: 213 - 226 [in Chinese]." url="https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2021326" year="2022">Wang et al. (2022</bibRefCitation>
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: appendix)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="75709C363F05F0BFBA964C2FB3F2D237" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="1581198A5F4EA0610F71491C7ACF1B3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4DF5E702A1C20C5888C0974F11028AF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">ZSI 6571, adult female from Teng-yue, western Yunnan, China.</paragraph>
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<caption id="73AA4A0A8B063C8B2D54AC4FCECB3D97" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e109088.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/997312" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
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<paragraph id="F688E7268C936D0157DC9FAFED126AB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="CC638AE0482D105311BB1A58AAA16EF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="104AF4BF9CB417C418F2208D4F447999" authorityName="Annandale" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes yunnanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
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<emphasis id="0AAEF47C98CFCB0A76F3E87B260C18A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Calotes yunnanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ZSI 6571), showing dorsal (
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<emphasis id="D1F5B8285C3EFB8D27082B36D3A9E47E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">A</emphasis>
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), ventral (
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<emphasis id="5CA3D905FF4C9231556A8CECAC04EB39" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">B</emphasis>
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), lateral head (
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<emphasis id="1D434929BED054BAAC40A26A3D1E82C8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C</emphasis>
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), ventral head (
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<emphasis id="B6650D76DE57C28DE2F90F261CF14142" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">D</emphasis>
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), dorsal head (
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<emphasis id="E0728E031B2578E79957485D3FC4436A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">E</emphasis>
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), and axillary region (
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<emphasis id="96183877B0105EBEA0D0BE0CDEBC7E86" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">F</emphasis>
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). Photos by V. Deepak and Abhijit Das.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="95EAEFF154578AB00062ED49C485DBED" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="859E43060431379914571336B8EDE281" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Remarks on the type locality, gender, and measurements of holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5FAF279BB81D55B10BD032E93E953F90" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Most studies have considered Teng-yue as interchangeable with the modern Tengchong County in Yunnan Province (Zhao and Adler, 1993), including the museum label of the holotype at ZSI. Although Teng-yue includes the modern Tengchong County, they are not interchangeable: Teng-yue was the administrative unit of the Qing Dynasty and encompassed a much larger area west of the Gaoligong Mountains, which also includes modern-day Dehong Prefecture. Therefore, the type locality of the species should be revised as both modern-day Dehong Prefecture and Baoshan (which include Tengchong County).</paragraph>
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<caption id="527021424EF76160C2BCAAB6949156BA" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e109088.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/997313" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph id="783D6BAD0E336744AE3243FE582675DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3CA0B24256F3A18ACD98DD4345BAE8A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Topotypic individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4E001A4D1E4515516758288A9E896F8" authorityName="Annandale" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes yunnanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF147716D883A732D00D3997D404BB00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Calotes yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life, including KIZ 014146 (
|
||
<emphasis id="2DD0E73FBCBEE576926375930E07776D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">A</emphasis>
|
||
), KIZ 014148 (
|
||
<emphasis id="0A422F07EAD2079CAFA78B158B3EAFF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">B</emphasis>
|
||
), KIZ 014147 (
|
||
<emphasis id="F43403AA872EE4FB2ACCFF1D9B81190F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C</emphasis>
|
||
), and a non-vouchered individual (
|
||
<emphasis id="DDA541AE1276F79D9479BA5BA407AB98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">D</emphasis>
|
||
). Photos by Yu-Fan Wang and Zheng-Pan Duan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="15D2608F617A606B91F5D623B80B82E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4A45AA7AC7AEF82FF54E3399D693212F" author="Annandale, N" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="81 - 93" refId="B3" refString="Annandale, N, 1905. Contributions to oriental herpetology, supplement II: Notes on oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 2: 81 - 93" title="Contributions to oriental herpetology, supplement II: Notes on oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon." volume="2" year="1905">Annandale (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="052525B465BF31ABE6F94328A8C60734" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="624BB03416B2BA49470DB4CEEA557729" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a male. However, our examination shows it to be a female (e.g., no distinct bulge at base of tail as in male specimens such as KIZ 014148, 029968, and 039747). Also, in the original description,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7DD72245A3AA354C30BD0BCDEA6F677F" author="Annandale, N" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="81 - 93" refId="B3" refString="Annandale, N, 1905. Contributions to oriental herpetology, supplement II: Notes on oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 2: 81 - 93" title="Contributions to oriental herpetology, supplement II: Notes on oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon." volume="2" year="1905">Annandale (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
measured the head length of the holotype as 34 mm and body length as 65 mm, which differs greatly from our measurement of head length (27.2 mm) and SVL (94.8 mm). As
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D39ABA1144737DF0BA06381FBB43A0B9" author="Annandale, N" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="81 - 93" refId="B3" refString="Annandale, N, 1905. Contributions to oriental herpetology, supplement II: Notes on oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon. Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 2: 81 - 93" title="Contributions to oriental herpetology, supplement II: Notes on oriental lizards in the Indian Museum, with a list of the species recorded from British India and Ceylon." volume="2" year="1905">Annandale (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not specify his measurement method, these differences could be explained by different measurement methods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="47C03E275325D5270AC68195604C8C77" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="additional examined specimens">
|
||
<paragraph id="D60314B68F013AEC9864C78E85C0C8B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Additional examined specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8514B2E2950D22C643DE32F8C4B5B08C" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Topotypes: KIZ 014148, 029968, 039747, adult males; KIZ 015993, 014146, 014147, 030060, 50692, 034358, adult females; all from Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan, China. CAS 224511, adult male, from Nagmung Township, Putao, Kachin State, Myanmar (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="286CA9BC6992696DD99EF5789E4529F2" degrees="27.440861" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.44086">27.440861°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5ECDC0D732A4FFCBDA95EAABAFE149F3" degrees="97.8950278" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.89503">97.8950278°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 573 m); CAS 221514, adult female, from Naung Mon Township, Putao, Kachin State, Myanmar (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="53872B2314F5A50AC5488C9CB8336E70" degrees="27.44122" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.44122">27.44122°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1231216E9277F31E7824E7FDB1AF7E0B" degrees="97.91875" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.91875">97.91875°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 535 m); CAS 221551, adult female, from Machanbaw Township, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E6E1E00C8B659359C4598998CEC16BA4" degrees="27.28994" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.28994">27.28994°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E76C65FCBE44AF37FC5BDA90BDFC5071" degrees="97.858472" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="97.858475">97.858472°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 708 m); CAS 245278, adult female from Lahe township, Khandi District, Sagaing Division, Myanmar (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0390B006C27D98D713E3BE6168643A61" degrees="26.324194" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.324194">26.324194°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="293C7A365B20C79B3FB7978D1D78F6B1" degrees="95.44875" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.44875">95.44875°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 900 m); CAS 245364, adult female, from Laung Nguk Village, Lahe Township, Sagaing Division, Myanmar (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BE64D1326D86B66CBBD9CB2F32D16603" degrees="26.1590278" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.159027">26.1590278°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AE13A433DDDD8A96DEDEF6C337889458" degrees="95.529167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.52917">95.529167°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 833m).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7A0557B72F71EF4A4D52CE4DFCAB3E38" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="F037A2DBFDC79B6574A5B2B437F0B5AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F952FE04072F75057B443E98E1D375E" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5969135F28E42792371DA6CC838389B4" authorityName="Annandale" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes yunnanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3E08536ACF7E6F407816BD5419D696F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Calotes yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is diagnosed from congeners by a combination of the following characters: (1) body size large, SVL 73-120 mm; (2) tail slender, long, TAL 311.8-353.7% SVL; (3) conical scales forming two parallel ridges from posterior eye to temporal head, posterior most 3-5 scales of superior ridge distinctively differentiated but relatively low; (4) inferior ridge of conical scales 2-3 scale-rows away from superior tympanum, TRD 38.4-52.5% TD; (5) dorsal head scales posterolateral to parietal bearing oblique or lateral keels; (6) mental larger or about equal to first pair of chin shields; (7) gular scale count 21-25 along central-medial line, equal or larger than ventrals, strongly keeled, slightly mucronate, keel extending across entirety of each scale and elongated on posterior end into very short tips; (8) gular pouch present in life, weakly developed, but absent after preservation; (9) transverse gular fold absent; (10) shoulder fold present, short, covered with granular scales underneath; (11) nuchal crests long, lanceolate shape, dorsal crests moderately developed, TNC 14.1-21.2% HL; (12) neck scales and dorsal body scales weekly keeled, oriented upwards and backwards, larger than ventrals; (14) axillary scales oriented near vertically; (13) middorsal crest scale count 38-45, (14) scale rows around midbody 51-60; (15) ventral scale count 54-68; (16) F4S 26-29, T4S 31-34; (17) dorsal and ventral background coloration Yellow Green (Color 103) to Grass Green (Color 110) in normal condition, can change drastically to dark brown to blackish under stress; (18) shoulder fold Pale Neutral Gray (Color 296) to Brick Red (Color 36); (19) white to Pale Pinkish Buff (Color 3) patches present on elbows, knees, and ankles; and (20) Pale Pinkish Buff (Color 3) dorsolateral stripes from neck to basal tail present in some individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A89043E4E710BE9D646C618B6402D150" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="C21E9A7775562548C5BFA2C5D4BF3B10" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF977174A27F30EB931B7494715BFBF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8512419850CA53D978BCFE2AD6121BA9" authorityName="Annandale" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Calotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calotes yunnanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F31A93F176696005BE682A6F9DFBF243" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Calotes yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be diagnosed from all congeners other than members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DFD192A3BA1F8EABCD31785357393811" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. jerdoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="8013FCCE7164F12112402D890D61B007" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. jerdoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex by having two parallel rows of conical or spinous scales on temporal region of the head (vs. absence) and by the absence of post orbital spikes (vs. presence).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D1168C7D9D8BBA0D5FADDFAE0BE3F54" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
For members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DB62AD99F586DBDE4BDAAECEA4A36CEF" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. jerdoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F05E36A4A93C60621D1D54D5A3598F24" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. jerdoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0E032C87C9B3107351CC0AAB65A3B23" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E02B3053F7826972D03AF11B9DE9EBF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D508DB52432E4A33682EDE8835D8883E" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. maria" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maria">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C354A4817899452C5758A94B61AAA98" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. maria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D465F8E487759FC947544AA783C93369" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. jerdoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="47BC08C784202553EEC6431F03F6AB81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. jerdoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it can be diagnosed from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF87FB5A67466B63CB8504037D48549C" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. maria" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maria">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFF34888D853BF793E01A2739E848C19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. maria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a shoulder fold (vs. absence), a shorter distance between supratympanic ridge and tympanum (1-3 scales away vs. four or five scales); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3F82BCA7F5EC2EA6A82E7FD8D3EAF5C" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. jerdoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="20B00A851067DE5862A41488AAECA429" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. jerdoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a different shape of gular scales (heterogeneous in size, smaller in posteromedial region, without elongated tips or tips very short vs. homogeneous in size, with distinct, elongated tips), smaller gular scales and higher scale count (22-25 vs. 16-19), and by having longer nuchal crest scales (TNC 14.1-19.1% HL vs. 8.1-13.2%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A21ECC073E344EED8B0E505A4934858" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Morphologically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68DB67D65D5A906E4A624BDA8A719112" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D62EB48F539F48AB6DEAF10616C50A70" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E747B3A8D7607147757B5A0DED370B91" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. medogensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medogensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DC7A764F0056F0763B481245B88AEC9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. medogensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it differs from the latter by having obliquely or longitudinally oriented keels on scales posterolateral to the parietal (vs. transversely oriented keels), larger mental scale relative to first pair of chin shields (vs. smaller), more distinctly keeled gular scales, particularly on posterolateral region (keel extending across the entirety of each scale vs. only extending across posterior half or less), and by the presence of white dorsolateral stripes on some individuals (vs. always absent) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2B002A0CB47959B60D253048E9313E68" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Morphological comparison among C. jerdoni (A) (NHMUK 1946.8.11.54), C. iadina sp. nov. (B) (CAS 219992), C. yunnanensis (C) (KIZ 014148), and C. medogensis (D) (KIZ 019546), and C. maria (NHMUK 1946.8.11.24), showing characteristics of the gular scales (1) and axillary scales (2). Photos by V. Deepak and Kai Wang." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e109088.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/997305" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="653C5901B6EE7D6B824D69B2544E1E7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A24B87B0621913F8DE66998DC358718B" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D126891684C4D7CD09E2E83E27A19D32" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Adult female, body size medium, SVL 94.8 mm, body not dorsally compressed, cross-section triangular shaped; tail slender, broken. Head somewhat elongate, HW 63.6% HL, HD 60.4 % HL; jaw not distinctively swollen; snout length moderate, SEL 44.4% HL. Rostral rectangular, length four times height, two scales away from nasal; nasal oval, separated from first supralabials by single scale; supralabials 11/10, all smooth; loreal region slightly concave, loreal scales medium in size, all keeled, 6 scales away from orbit; eye surrounded by fine ciliary scales; suborbital scale rows 3/3, medial row much enlarged; canthal ridge distinct, canthus rostralis 10/10, supraciliaries overlapping about one third length. Two distinct ridges on temporal head, parallel anteriorly but joining posteriorly on squamosal region; anterior ridge continuous from last canthal rostralis, consisting 10/10 conical scale that each bearing single lateral keel; inferior ridge starting post orbit, consisting 9/10 enlarged scales, each bearing single lateral keel; inferior ridges 3 scale rows away from tympana; region between two ridges slight concave; tympana exposed, oval, vertically oriented, TD 12.7% HL; jaw scales enlarged, moderately keeled, slightly mucronate, imbricate. Dorsal head scales weakly keeled, heterogeneous in size and shape; slightly enlarged scales arranged in Y-shape, single scales posterior to rostral along longitudinal midline, all about equal size; 16 scales transversely across dorsal head between supraciliary at widest point; parietal scale enlarged, rectangular, parietal eye distinct; scales posterolateral of parietal bearing oblique keels.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="80A0502774EC3E8A9D1FB6A96CB250BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Mental triangular, smaller than and separating first pair of chin shields; chin shields 6/7, first two on each side in direct contact with infralabials, remaining ones separated by one or two small scale-row; first four chin shields smooth, remaining one each bearing single weak lateral keel; remaining gular scales all distinctively keeled, imbricate, mucronate, some bearing single short tip, gradually increasing in size posteromedially, gular scale 23.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="085F3B6C30A38AE971B994DCD2FB6234" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Dorsal body scales feebly keeled, mostly homogeneous in size; scales on neck oriented obliquely upward at about 45°; axillary scales smaller, oriented near vertically, which then gradually changing to a more oblique orientation superiorly and posteriorly; shoulder fold present, distinct, with granular fine scales underneath; flank scales large, mostly smooth, some with minimal lateral keel on posterior tip only, imbricate in regular oblique rows, 56 scale rows at mid body. Crest distinct, nuchal crest not significantly differentiated from adjacent dorsal crests, lanceolate shaped, relatively long; middorsal crest scale 45, gradually reducing height posteriorly. Dorsal scales on limbs mostly homogeneous in size and shape, smooth or feebly keeled, keel status slightly more distinct proximally on lower appendages. Tail not swollen at base, broken in four sections, scales feebly keeled on anterior part, gradually increasing in keel status posteriorly and forming carinate rows.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB35469D819FFEA8F56E5199834F4A33" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Ventral body scales smaller than gular and dorsals, distinctively keeled, mucronate, imbricate, forming carinate rows; ventral scale row 58; ventral scales of limbs more distinctively keeled. Limbs slender, partially broken at elbow and knee joints.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="854FB8B738354F0E562457D7B9FFB06D" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="coloration">
|
||
<paragraph id="74F46C6DA8C277E23EF44AB722C1C8B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Coloration.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="10B2FFEA34C6E9EC4630B38D40BCF4FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">The holotype is nearly uniform light-gray, with the temporal region slightly darker, and the ventral surface paler. For newly collected specimens, the coloration in life varies drastically based on the mood and status of the lizards. The background coloration of dorsal and lateral surfaces ranges from Cinnamon (Color 255) to bright Pistachio (Color 102). Some individuals possess Light Buff (Color 2) dorsolateral stripes from the neck to the anterior one third of tail, some Light Buff (Color 2) or Clay Color (Color 18) oblique stripes on dorsum, and others are uniformly colored with no ornamentation patterns. All individuals possess Light Buff (Color 2) patches on limb joints, either on elbows, knees, ankles, or any combination of thereof. The palate and buccal mucosa are Jet Black (Color 300), but the gums and the tongue are Pink (Color 242).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8A401036CF2DDB655CD9A0E408683E69" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D17C23CC199431E187F048B4230FBCBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Natural history, distribution, and conservation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7350F23EE7F1695EC991B26AE2BF05A" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Currently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1673D6ECEC89DF8FC8FD8BFBC92CF7C" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="53BB6D3AEAC7C71BC0063695AAEB68F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded from the southwestern Yunnan Province of China and Sagaing and Kachin States of Myanmar. It likely inhabits northern Shan State in Myanmar as well. Anderson (1879) speculated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E93B99CFCA8B71610A769BDF6CB5214" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38C0B92915C1C2E9AAC2BF873F61370F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD0EFC0708FDD1FF3FFAABDBF104AB72" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. maria" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5F442D6E1FD3DFA3B71F59A3013371C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. maria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the time) is less arboreal than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57F98E6E1CAC671863B703AA56FB33AA" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1898" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. versicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEA739FF9B73DA74FFF817990FBC9CAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DBAA094A715A3837FF1E479EE273CD9" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. emma" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emma">
|
||
<emphasis id="127EB34CCD4DB25CDF67CAC82778F911" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. emma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because the collecting site was mostly deforested. However, based on our field observations, we found this is not true:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="946F28C734D525BB6D372F7FD692BF61" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DA0A9944A68C2F5AB48A6D4456AC268" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highly arboreal, and individuals were found inhabiting well-forested tropical and subtropical regions in Southwest Yunnan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19EC6C2E9ED70D10C1F6FEB7845ADF7E" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
|
||
In China, although the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5B2AC74A16268C4795AE5B855AE44EC7" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2F60116FCF870F2DB31F7007E4BFAB27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well-protected by nature reserves, it has very restricted range, and has been targeted by domestic illegal pet traders (yingjiang.gov.cn, 2019). On the other hand, globally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="35B50B4A884C037E005348F128F30DB7" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7573F3926682EAD213DE7495948C5DC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a considerable distribution range that consists of well-preserved habitats. Therefore, we assess the species as Near Threatened (NT) for
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CE7D38C29F90823D4068965666E64D27" originalValue="China’s">China's</normalizedToken>
|
||
domestic Red List Assessment, and as Least Concern (LC) globally based on IUCN criteria.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |