234 lines
17 KiB
XML
234 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974" ID-GBIF-Dataset="125e0951-eb52-4464-8449-200edf801a02" ID-PMC="PMC5993860" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-34-63" ID-PubMed="29892206" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-4049-34-63" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 34" ModsDocTitle="New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa" checkinTime="1527871342263" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo, Swart, Wijnand J. & Crous, Pedro W." docDate="2018" docId="436AAAF2068FCB76F182B2DD6746748F" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 34: 63-92" docOrigin="MycoKeys 34" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974" docTitle="Fusarium fredkrugeri Sandoval-Denis, Crous & W. J. Swart, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="BF0FFFF3FFD9384BFFCBFFF7FFC7FFCB" masterDocTitle="New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1668135997706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New Fusarium species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sandoval-Denis, Marcelo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Swart, Wijnand J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crous, Pedro W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>34</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.34.25974</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-34-63</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="144212022" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:436AAAF2068FCB76F182B2DD6746748F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/436AAAF2068FCB76F182B2DD6746748F" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName LSID="MB825103" authority="Sandoval-Denis, Crous & W. J. Swart" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium fredkrugeri" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fredkrugeri">Fusarium fredkrugeri Sandoval-Denis, Crous & W.J. Swart</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="63">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Fig. 6
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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Differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium dlaminii" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dlaminii">Fusarium dlaminii</taxonomicName>
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Marasas, P.E. Nelson & Toussoun by producing only one type of aerial conidia, shorter sporodochial conidia and the absence of chlamydospores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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South Africa, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, Granite Supersite,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.1135">25°06'48.6"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="31.576807">31°34'36.5"E</geoCoordinate>
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, from rhizosphere soil of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Melhania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melhania acuminata" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">Melhania acuminata</taxonomicName>
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, 23 Mar 2015, W.J. Swart, holotype CBS H-23496, dried culture on OA, culture ex-holotype CBS 144209 = CPC 33747.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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Colonies on PDA growing in the dark with an average radial growth rate of 4.7-5.8 mm/d and reaching 22-35 mm diam. in 7 d at 24 °C, filling an entire 9 cm Petri dish in 7 d at 27 and 30 °C. Minimum temperature for growth 12 °C, maximum 36 °C, optimal 27-30 °C. Colony surface at first white to cream coloured, later turning bay to chestnut with pale luteous to luteous periphery; flat, felty to cottony with abundant erect- aerial mycelium forming white patches; colony margins regular and filiform with abundant submerged mycelium. Reverse pale luteous, a blood sepia to chestnut coloured diffusible pigment is scarcely produced at 24 °C, pigment production is markedly enhanced at 27-30 °C, becoming greyish-sepia at 33 °C. Colonies on CMA and OA incubated at 24 °C in the dark reaching 65-67 mm diam. or occupying an entire 9 cm Petri dish in 7 d, respectively. Colony surface pale bay coloured, flat, felty to velvety, aerial mycelium scant, forming white to cream patches; margins regular. Reverse pale bay to pale vinaceous. Sporulation abundant from conidiophores formed on the substrate and aerial mycelium and from sporodochia.
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<taxonomicName genus="Conidiophores" lsidName="Conidiophores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Conidiophores</taxonomicName>
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on the aerial mycelium straight or flexuous, erect or prostrate, septate, smooth- and thin-walled, often appearing rough by accumulation of extracellular material, commonly simple or reduced to conidiogenous cells borne laterally on hyphae or up to 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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tall and irregularly branched at various levels, branches bearing lateral and terminal monophialides borne mostly single or in pairs; phialides subulate, ampulliform, lageniform to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled, (8.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)9.5–17.5(–">-)9.5-17.5(-</normalizedToken>
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24.5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3(–">-3(-</normalizedToken>
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3.5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at the widest point, without periclinal thickening, collarets inconspicuous; conidia formed on aerial conidiophores, hyaline, obovoid, ellipsoidal to slightly reniform or allantoid, smooth- and thin-walled, 0-septate, (4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)5–8.5(–">-)5-8.5(-</normalizedToken>
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12.5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)2–3.5(–">-)2-3.5(-</normalizedToken>
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6)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, clustering in discrete false heads at the tip of monophialides.
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<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochia" lsidName="Sporodochia" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Sporodochia</taxonomicName>
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pale orange to pink coloured, often somewhat translucent, formed abundantly on the surface of carnation leaves and on the agar surface.
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<taxonomicName genus="Conidiophores" lsidName="Conidiophores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Conidiophores</taxonomicName>
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in sporodochia 26-46
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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tall, densely aggregated, irregularly and verticillately branched up to three times, with terminal branches bearing 2-3 monophialides; sporodochial phialides doliiform to subcylindrical, (9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)11.5–15.5(–">-)11.5-15.5(-</normalizedToken>
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18.5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–4(–">-)3-4(-</normalizedToken>
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4.5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, smooth- and thin-walled, with periclinal thickening and an inconspicuous apical collarette. Sporodochial conidia falcate, tapering toward the basal part, robust, moderately curved and slender; apical cell more or less equally sized than the adjacent cell, blunt to slightly papillate; basal cell papillate to distinctly notched, (1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–">-)3-</normalizedToken>
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4-septate, hyaline, thin- and smooth-walled. One-septate conidia: 13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–17(–">-17(-</normalizedToken>
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18)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–">-)3-</normalizedToken>
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4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; two-septate conidia: 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; three-septate conidia: (16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)28.5–39(–">-)28.5-39(-</normalizedToken>
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45)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)4–5(–">-)4-5(-</normalizedToken>
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5.5)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; four-septate conidia: 39.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–40(–">-40(-</normalizedToken>
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41)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.5-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; overall (13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)27.5–39.5(–">-)27.5-39.5(-</normalizedToken>
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45)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3.5–">-)3.5-</normalizedToken>
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5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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<taxonomicName genus="Chlamydospores" lsidName="Chlamydospores" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Chlamydospores</taxonomicName>
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absent.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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Figure 6.
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<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Nectriaceae" genus="Fusarium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fusarium fredkrugeri" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fredkrugeri">Fusarium fredkrugeri</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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Colonies on PDA, SNA, OA and CMA, respectively, after 7 d at 24 °C in the dark
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName genus="Sporodochia" lsidName="Sporodochia" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="genus">Sporodochia</taxonomicName>
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formed on the surface of carnation leaves
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<normalizedToken originalValue="H–N">H-N</normalizedToken>
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Aerial conidiophores, phialides and conidia O, P Aerial conidia Q Sporodochial conidiophores and phialides R Sporodochial conidia. Scale bars: 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
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); 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="H–R">H-R</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Madagascar, Niger and South Africa.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">In honour and memory of Dr. Frederick J. Kruger, pioneer of forest hydrology, fynbos ecology and invasive species and fundamental for the collections included in this study.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="additional isolates examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Additional isolates examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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Madagascar, from
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Striga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Striga hermonthica" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hermonthica">Striga hermonthica</taxonomicName>
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, unknown date, A.A. Abbasher, CBS 144210 = NRRL 26061 = BBA 70127. South Africa, Kruger National Park, Skukuza, Granite Supersite,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.1135">25°06'48.6"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="31.576807">31°34'36.5"E</geoCoordinate>
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, from rhizosphere soil of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Melhania" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melhania acuminata" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">Melhania acuminata</taxonomicName>
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, 23 Mar 2015, W.J. Swart, CBS 144495 = CPC 33746.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="63" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="63">
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This species is genetically closely related to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. dlaminii" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="dlaminii">F. dlaminii</taxonomicName>
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, both species having similar colonial morphology, optimal growth conditions and biogeography. Moreover, both species exhibit relatively short aerial phialides producing conidia in heads, somewhat resembling those produced by
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. oxysporum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="oxysporum">F. oxysporum</taxonomicName>
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rather than most members of the FFSC (
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<bibRefCitation author="Leslie, JF" journalOrPublisher="Phytobiomes" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" year="2006">Leslie and Summerell 2006</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Marasas, WFO" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" pagination="971 - 975" title="Fusariumdlamini, a new species from Southern Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3793311" volume="77" year="1985">Marasas et al. 1985</bibRefCitation>
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). However, besides exhibiting much faster growth rates,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. fredkrugeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="fredkrugeri">F. fredkrugeri</taxonomicName>
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presents clearly distinctive morphological features such as the production of only one type of aerial conidia (vs. two types in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. dlaminii" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="dlaminii">F. dlaminii</taxonomicName>
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: allantoid to fusiform and 0-septate; and napiform 0-1-septate); orange to pink sporodochia, produced on carnation leaves but also abundantly on the agar surface (vs. orange sporodochia, produced only on the surface of carnation leaves in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. dlaminii" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="dlaminii">F. dlaminii</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Leslie, JF" journalOrPublisher="Phytobiomes" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" url="https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376" year="2006">Leslie and Summerell 2006</bibRefCitation>
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). Additionally,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. fredkrugeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="fredkrugeri">F. fredkrugeri</taxonomicName>
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produces shorter and less septate sporodochial conidia ((1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–">-)3-</normalizedToken>
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4-septate and up to 45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long in the latter species vs. mostly 5-septate and up to 54
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. dlaminii" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="dlaminii">F. dlaminii</taxonomicName>
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) while chlamydospores are not produced. The latter feature, coupled with the somewhat more complex conidiophores also clearly differentiates
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. fredkrugeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="fredkrugeri">F. fredkrugeri</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. oxysporum" pageId="0" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="oxysporum">F. oxysporum</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |