treatments-xml/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880.xml

<document id="17B1EAD8F0AFE0C46BFD985D970A7D8B" ID-CLB-Dataset="53758" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8043342" ID-ZooBank="DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1686836004935" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Harbach, Ralph E. &amp; Wilkerson, Richard C." docDate="2023" docId="161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5303.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5303 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Anopheles (Cellia) sergentii" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="EA22FFB5BA330A57FFC3FFAFFF915A05" masterDocTitle="The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1699524690436" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="09C1B4A5B26423617B1DECB5C104F692">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
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<treatment id="161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8057049" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8057049" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7B0A1FFF54FEE5FDEB5B61" box="[151,634,330,357]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF54FEE5FDEB5B61" blockId="72.[151,634,330,357]" box="[151,634,330,357]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="C54581B7BA7B0A1FFF54FEE5FDEB5B61" bold="true" box="[151,634,330,357]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFF54FEE5FDEB5B61" authority="(Theobald)" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[151,634,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii" subGenus="Cellia">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFF54FEE5FDEB5B61" bold="true" box="[151,634,330,357]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFF54FEE5FE875B60" bold="true" box="[151,278,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Anopheles</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFEE4FEE5FEFE5B60" bold="true" box="[295,367,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Cellia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFE43FEE4FE795B60" bold="true" box="[384,488,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
(Theobald)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7B0A1FFF54FE20FED3585A" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF54FE20FB015BE0" blockId="72.[151,1436,399,607]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFECBFE20FD905BA2" authority="Evans, 1936" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[264,513,399,423]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFECBFE20FE155BA2" bold="true" box="[264,388,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFE4BFE3FFD905BA2" author="Evans, A. M." box="[392,513,399,423]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—original combination: 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFD3AFE20FBCB5BA2" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[761,1114,399,423]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni" subGenus="Myzomyia">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFD3AFE20FCF25BA2" box="[761,867,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Anopheles</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFCACFE3FFC465BA2" box="[879,983,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Myzomyia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFC27FE20FBCB5BA2" box="[996,1114,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(subspecific status by 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFAFBFE20FA0D5BA2" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." box="[1336,1436,399,423]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly</bibRefCitation>
&amp; Knight 1956). Distribution: 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFDC7FE01FDC25BC3" box="[516,595,430,454]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFD9CFE01FD7A5BC0" box="[607,747,430,454]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFD34FE01FC155BC3" box="[759,900,430,454]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFC53FE01FC765BC3" box="[912,999,430,454]" name="Djibouti" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFC30FE01FBAA5BC3" box="[1011,1083,430,454]" name="Eritrea" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB84FE01FB315BC3" box="[1095,1184,430,454]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB68FE01FB615BC3" box="[1195,1264,430,454]" name="Ghana" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ghana</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB3FFE01FAD95BC3" box="[1276,1352,430,454]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFA97FE01FA085BC3" box="[1364,1433,430,454]" name="Kenya" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFF04FE63FF685BE1" box="[199,249,460,484]" name="Serbia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mali</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFEC7FE63FD955BE1" box="[260,516,460,484]" name="South Africa" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFDCDFE63FDF05BE1" box="[526,609,460,484]" name="Senegal" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Senegal</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFDA8FE63FD505BE1" box="[619,705,460,484]" name="Somalia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Somalia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFD08FE63FCDF5BE1" box="[715,846,460,484]" name="South Sudan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFC9BFE63FC065BE1" box="[856,919,460,484]" name="Sudan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Sudan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFC66FE63FB145BE0" author="Wilkerson, R. C. &amp; Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D." box="[933,1157,460,485]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
Wilkerson 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFBD6FE62FBD85BE1" box="[1045,1097,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF54FE44FED3585A" blockId="72.[151,1436,399,607]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFECAFE44FD875806" authority="(Theobald, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[265,534,491,515]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFECAFE44FEF25806" bold="true" box="[265,355,491,515]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFEB3FE44FD9E5806" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[368,527,491,515]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref182007" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1907) A monograph of the Culicidae or mosquitoes. Vol. 4. British Museum (Natural History), London, xix + 639 pp., 16 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58067" type="book" year="1907">Theobald, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
—original combination: 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFCD0FE44FC685806" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[787,1017,491,515]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFCD0FE44FC685806" box="[787,1017,491,515]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pyretophorus sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Distribution: 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB48FE44FB4F5806" box="[1163,1246,491,515]" name="Albania" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Albania</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB25FE44FAA45806" box="[1254,1333,491,515]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFAFCFE44FA085806" box="[1343,1433,491,515]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFF04FDA5FEC55824" box="[199,340,522,546]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFEA2FDA5FE5C5827" box="[353,461,522,546]" name="Cameroon" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFE19FDA5FD835827" box="[474,530,522,546]" name="Chad" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Chad</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFDDCFDA5FD3D5827" box="[543,684,522,546]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFD7AFDA5FC815827" box="[697,784,522,546]" name="Djibouti" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFCDEFDA5FCCD5827" box="[797,860,522,546]" name="Egypt" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Egypt</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFCABFDA5FC215827" box="[872,944,522,546]" name="Eritrea" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFC7EFDA5FB965827" box="[957,1031,522,546]" name="Greece" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Greece</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFBD7FDA5FBAE5824" box="[1044,1087,522,545]" name="Iran" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Iran</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB8FFDA5FBE65824" box="[1100,1143,522,545]" name="Iraq" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Iraq</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB47FDA5FB2E5827" box="[1156,1215,522,546]" name="Israel" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Israel</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB0FFDA5FB6A5827" box="[1228,1275,522,546]" name="Italy" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Italy</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFACBFDA5FADF5827" box="[1288,1358,522,546]" name="Jordan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Jordan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFA98FDA5FA085827" box="[1371,1433,522,546]" name="Libya" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Libya</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFF04FD86FE9D5844" box="[199,268,553,577]" name="Kenya" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFED6FD86FEE25845" box="[277,371,553,576]" name="Morocco" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFEBFFD87FE445845" box="[380,469,552,576]" name="Pakistan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFE1EFD87FDA45845" box="[477,565,552,576]" name="Portugal" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Portugal</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFDFCFD87FD555845" box="[575,708,552,576]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFD0EFD87FCB15845" box="[717,800,552,576]" name="Senegal" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Senegal</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFCEAFD87FCF45845" box="[809,869,552,576]" name="Spain" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Spain</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFCADFD87FC605845" box="[878,1009,552,576]" name="South Sudan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFC3AFD87FBAA5845" box="[1017,1083,552,576]" name="Sudan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Sudan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB87FD87FB035845" box="[1092,1170,552,576]" name="Tunisia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFB59FD87FAB75845" box="[1178,1318,552,576]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFAF1FD87FEA6585A" author="Wilkerson, R. C. &amp; Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
Wilkerson 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFF04FDE7FF6B585A" box="[199,250,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7B0A1FFF54FD22FCB159A6" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF54FD22FCB159A6" blockId="72.[151,1437,653,2012]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
The female of the nominotypical form was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFCF3FD22FC7F58A2" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[816,1006,653,679]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref182007" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1907) A monograph of the Culicidae or mosquitoes. Vol. 4. British Museum (Natural History), London, xix + 639 pp., 16 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58067" type="book" year="1907">Theobald (1907)</bibRefCitation>
based on 
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA7B0A1FFBAAFD21FB4458A2" box="[1129,1237,653,680]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
females from an unspecified locality in 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFE54FD1EFE7A58CE" box="[407,491,689,715]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
(see below). He described them as a gray to brown species with three palpal bands, one of them the entire palpomere 5; with the abdomen brown without scales; legs brown, unbanded, and “Wings dark scaled; costal border with five large dark spots, four spreading evenly on to first long vein [R]; a few pale spots on wing field, notably at the cross-veins and bases of the fork-cells [
<specimenCode id="CE149EA0BA7B0A1FFC65FCB1FC52593B" box="[934,963,798,830]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
R 
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</specimenCode>
and M 
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].” All primary wing veins except 1A end at a pale fringe spot. There was no explicit mention of the nature of the dark and pale areas on vein 
<specimenCode id="CE149EA0BA7B0A1FFA8BFCEDFAF55967" box="[1352,1380,834,866]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
R 
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</specimenCode>
+5 but “most of the veins” were described as “uniformly dark scaled”. 
<location id="9B6D6000BA7B0A1FFC99FCCAFC63597A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880:9B6D6000BA7B0A1FFC99FCCAFC63597A" box="[858,1010,869,895]" country="Pakistan" name="Subsequently" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Subsequently</location>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFC3EFCCAFB4C597A" author="Christophers, S. R." box="[1021,1245,869,895]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref148077" refString="Christophers, S. R. (1933) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Diptera. Vol. IV. Family Culicidae. Tribe Anophelini. Taylor and Francis, London, vi + (iii) + 371 pp., 3 pls." type="book" year="1933">Christophers (1933)</bibRefCitation>
described all life stages from specimens collected in presesnt-day 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFD7AFC26FC8D59A6" box="[697,796,905,931]" name="Pakistan" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7B0A1FFF04FC02FD715F9E" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF04FC02FD245F0E" blockId="72.[151,1437,653,2012]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFE8EFC02FE4159C2" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[333,464,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFE8EFC02FE4159C2" box="[333,464,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described as a species by 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFCF5FC01FC5F59C2" author="Evans, A. M." box="[822,974,941,968]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans (1936)</bibRefCitation>
based on two larval cotypes and a male and a female with associated larval and pupal exuviae from 
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA7B0A1FFC86FC7EFC1959EE" box="[837,904,977,1003]" country="Kenya" name="Isiolo" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Isiolo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFC57FC7DFC7059E9" box="[916,993,978,1004]" name="Kenya" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Kenya</collectingCountry>
. She noted: “The larvae of this species can be identified easily by the characters of the tergal plates…”, which are unusually broad. In the adult female, the maxillary palpus has three narrow pale bands, the tarsi lack definite pale rings and the wings are predominantly dark with the third vein (R 
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) mainly or entirely dark-scaled. Based on additional specimens from the same locality, Evans stated that the hindtibia has a “rather distinct white spot at the base, as well as the usual apical spot.” Two years later, in her treatise on Afrotropical anophelines, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFCCAFB29FC315E9A" author="Evans, A. M." box="[777,928,1157,1184]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref155212" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">Evans (1938)</bibRefCitation>
more precisely described variation observed for vein R 
<subScript id="0236349EBA7B0A1FFECCFB13FEB95ECF" attach="left" box="[271,296,1212,1226]" fontSize="6" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">4+5</subScript>
: “Third vein ranging from entirely dark to about ⅔ pale, usually about ¼–½ pale; pale area when present usually situated distally as in 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFDF6FB61FD3E5EE2" ID-CoL="89ZBB" authorityName="Giles" authorityYear="1900" box="[565,687,1229,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funestus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFDF6FB61FD3E5EE2" box="[565,687,1229,1256]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">A. funestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in 3 cases it was median in the vein.” Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFACAFB61FAFB5EE2" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[1289,1386,1230,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFACAFB61FAFB5EE2" box="[1289,1386,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not mentioned in 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFE9FFB5DFE635F0E" author="Evans, A. M." box="[348,498,1265,1292]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans (1936)</bibRefCitation>
or 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFDD4FB5DFD205F0E" author="Evans, A. M." box="[535,689,1265,1292]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref155212" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">Evans (1938)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF04FAB9FD715F9E" blockId="72.[151,1437,653,2012]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFF04FAB9FE0E5F2A" author="de Meillon, B." box="[199,415,1301,1328]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 272" refId="ref151100" refString="de Meillon, B. (1947) The Anophelini of the Ethiopian geographical region. Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 10 (49), 1 - 272." type="journal article" year="1947">De Meillon (1947)</bibRefCitation>
followed the descriptions of 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFD35FAB9FC185F2A" author="Evans, A. M." box="[758,905,1301,1328]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans (1936</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFC54FABAFC415F2A" author="Evans, A. M." box="[919,976,1301,1327]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref155212" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
) and additionally noted the presence of five parabasal setae on the gonocoxite of the male, the innermost borne on a prominent eminence, and vein R 
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all dark and the pale area, when present, at the center or with a long basal dark spot and a small apical one. Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFF54FA2DFF695F9E" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,248,1410,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFF54FA2DFF695F9E" box="[151,248,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also not mentioned in this publication.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7B0A1DFF04FA0AFE40581C" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1FFF04FA0AFAA75CB9" blockId="72.[151,1437,653,2012]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFF04FA0AFD905FC5" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." box="[199,513,1445,1472]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly &amp; Knight (1956)</bibRefCitation>
in “Mosquitoes of Arabia” examined larvae of subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFB6EFA0AFAA15FBA" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1197,1328,1445,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFB6EFA0AFAA15FBA" box="[1197,1328,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Western 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFF34FA66FE515FE1" box="[247,448,1481,1508]" name="Yemen" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Aden Protectorate</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFE0DFA66FDB15FE6" box="[462,544,1481,1507]" name="Yemen" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Yemen</collectingCountry>
) “and consider them to be those of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFC67FA65FBB85FE6" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[932,1065,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergenti">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFC67FA65FBB85FE6" box="[932,1065,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">An. sergenti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFBFBFA65FBC65FE6" box="[1080,1111,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sic</emphasis>
] of which 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFB0DFA65FAEC5FE6" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1230,1405,1481,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFB0DFA65FAEC5FE6" box="[1230,1405,1481,1508]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">An. macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is, in our view, a subspecies probably mainly confined to the African portion of the Somali-Arid District. The latter is therefore eliminated from our list.” Differences they noted in the cibarial armature of females, also noted by others, were deemed to be too variable to be indicative of separate species. However, two principal differentiating characters were noted. Vein R 
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4+ 
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</subScript>
in 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFE62F9F6FDB55C76" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[417,548,1625,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFE62F9F6FDB55C76" box="[417,548,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
“is normally extensively pale scaled in the middle and only exceptionally dark.” Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFEDDF9D1FEEE5C92" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[286,383,1662,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFEDDF9D1FEEE5C92" box="[286,383,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in contrast, “is constantly dark except at base and extreme tip”. The other feature used to separate the two nominal taxa was the large size of the main tergal plates present in larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFB6EF90EFAA15CBE" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1197,1328,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFB6EF90EFAA15CBE" box="[1197,1328,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7B0A1EFF04F96AFBEB5AFC" blockId="72.[151,1437,653,2012]" lastBlockId="73.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Senevet 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFEE5F969FEC75CDA" box="[294,342,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. (1959) conducted a comprehensive study of the larval tergal plates of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFBABF969FB585CDA" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[1128,1225,1734,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFBABF969FB585CDA" box="[1128,1225,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFB3DF96AFA105CDA" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1278,1409,1733,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFB3DF96AFA105CDA" box="[1278,1409,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFF54F946FF7E5D06" box="[151,239,1769,1795]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
. Whereas 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFEA1F946FD8F5D06" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[354,542,1769,1795]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref182007" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1907) A monograph of the Culicidae or mosquitoes. Vol. 4. British Museum (Natural History), London, xix + 639 pp., 16 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58067" type="book" year="1907">Theobald (1907)</bibRefCitation>
merely indicated that the 
<typeStatus id="41098879BA7B0A1FFC85F945FCE75D01" box="[838,886,1770,1796]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFBDAF945FBEB5D06" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[1049,1146,1770,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFBDAF945FBEB5D06" box="[1049,1146,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFA8BF946FA0D5D06" box="[1352,1436,1769,1795]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
by Dr E. Sergent, Senevet 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFE01F8A1FE625D22" box="[450,499,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. revealed that the specimens were found by Edmond Sergent in “El Outaya (
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA7B0A1FFA90F8A2FE955D4E" country="Algeria" name="Biskra" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">région de Biskra</collectingRegion>
, partie N. du Sahara algérien).” Based on this revelation, we hereby restrict the 
<typeStatus id="41098879BA7B0A1FFBBAF89DFB385D49" box="[1145,1193,1842,1868]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
locality of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFAEBF89EFE225D6A" authority="Theobald, 1907" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFAEBF89EFF695D6A" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Anopheles sergentii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7B0A1FFEC2F8FAFE225D6A" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[257,435,1877,1903]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref182007" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1907) A monograph of the Culicidae or mosquitoes. Vol. 4. British Museum (Natural History), London, xix + 639 pp., 16 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58067" type="book" year="1907">Theobald, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
to El Outaya (
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, 
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), 
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA7B0A1FFC9EF8FAFB845D6A" box="[861,1045,1877,1903]" country="Algeria" name="Biskra" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Biskra Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFBE2F8FAFBE85D6A" box="[1057,1145,1877,1903]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
. Senevet 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFB24F8F9FA8A5D6A" box="[1255,1307,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. noted that one of them had collected 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7B0A1FFE7FF8D5FD8C5D96" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[444,541,1914,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7B0A1FFE7FF8D5FD8C5D96" box="[444,541,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the south side of the Aurès Mountains at the northern limit of the Sahara. For comparison, they obtained specimens from Tassili N’Ajjers, a national park in the Sahara located north of Djanet in southeastern 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7B0A1FFE85F86EFE0F5DDE" box="[326,414,1985,2011]" name="Algeria" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Algeria</collectingCountry>
. El Outaya and Djanet are about 
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apart. The authors summarized their findings as follow: “we are dealing with 
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA7A0A1EFE27FF38FDC45AB4" box="[484,597,151,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
: the group ́small plates» corresponds to the variety 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFB6EFF38FA9B5AB5" box="[1197,1290,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">́typicus</emphasis>
» [
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFAE9FF38FA1A5AB5" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[1322,1419,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFAE9FF38FA1A5AB5" box="[1322,1419,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]; the ́large plates» group corresponds to the subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFCC3FF14FC125AD0" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[768,899,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFCC3FF14FC125AD0" box="[768,899,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The first of these groups does not in fact differ much from the form considered as typical by most authors [translated from the French].”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7A0A1EFF04FEACFB64593C" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
The two nominal taxa belong to the 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFDA9FEACFD715B18" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1933" box="[618,736,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demeilloni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFDA9FEACFD715B18" box="[618,736,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">demeilloni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section of 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFCA2FEACFB325B18" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[865,1187,259,285]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
(= Demeilloni Group in 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFF74FE88FE265B44" author="Wilkerson, R. C. &amp; Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D." box="[183,439,295,321]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
Wilkerson 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFEF6FE88FEFB5B44" box="[309,362,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). Gillies &amp; de Meillon placed adult females of subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFBABFE88FB7A5B44" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1128,1259,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFBABFE88FB7A5B44" box="[1128,1259,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their key in Section XI, with the following characters: “Mosquitoes with 1 pale spot on upper branch of 5th vein [M 
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], no pale interruption on 3rd dark area [preapical dark spot] of 1st vein [R 
<subScript id="0236349EBA7A0A1EFC5AFE2EFC305B8A" attach="left" box="[921,929,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">1</subScript>
]; costa with at least 1 pale spot on basal half; palps [maxillary palpi] with less than 4 bands, pale at apex; legs not speckled, hind tarsus 4 and 5 [hindtarsomeres 4 and 5] not entirely pale; abdomen without laterally projecting tufts of scales.” We point out that both nominal taxa have dark tarsomeres, maxillary palpus with three pale bands, two narrow ones, plus the entire palpomere 5, basal area of vein R 
<subScript id="0236349EBA7A0A1EFEFAFDBEFED0581A" attach="left" box="[313,321,529,543]" fontSize="6" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">1</subScript>
entirely pale-scaled, all veins except 1A ending in a pale fringe spot. Gillies &amp; de Meillon placed fourth-instar larvae of both subspecies in their key in Section VI: “Larvae with wide abdominal plates [tergal plates], equalling on segment 5 three quarters or more the distance between bases of palmate hairs [setae]; saddle hair [seta 1-X] with less than 5 branches; no coarse spicules on sides of thorax and abdomen; outer clypeal hairs [seta 3-C] with less than 8 branches; inner clypeal hairs [seta 2-C] wide apart and not strongly branched.” Both nominal taxa have one of the long mesopleural “hairs” [seta 9- or 10-M] plumose and the inner shoulder “hair” [seta 1-P] with 15–20 branches inserted on a well-developed tubercle. In subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFC59FD78FC6A58F5" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[922,1019,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFC59FD78FC6A58F5" box="[922,1019,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the width of the main tergal plate on segment V is at most four-fifths the distance between the palmate setae, whereas in subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFB70FD54FAA75910" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1203,1334,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFB70FD54FAA75910" box="[1203,1334,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the main tergal plate on segment V is equal to greater than four-fifths the distance between the palmate setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7A0A1EFF04FCECFB095EEC" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFF04FCECFD975958" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[199,518,835,861]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
summarized their view of the two taxa as follows. 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFB8DFCECFA055959" box="[1102,1428,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sergentii" subSpecies="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFB8DFCECFA055959" box="[1102,1428,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Anopheles sergentii sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: “A widespread and important vector of malaria, extending into southern Arabia. As pointed out by 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFB3EFCC8FEA959A0" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly and Knight (1956)</bibRefCitation>
it differs from 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFE24FC24FD2859A0" box="[487,697,907,933]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="macmahoni">
subsp. 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFDF5FC24FD2859A0" box="[566,697,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only in the larval stage. From this it is separable by the width of the main tergal plates, which are at most ⅘ the distance between the palmate hairs [setae].” “LARVAL HABITAT: According to 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFEF6FC7CFD1459E8" author="Senevet, G. &amp; Andarelli, L." box="[309,645,978,1005]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref177620" refString="Senevet, G. &amp; Andarelli, L. (1956) Les Anopheles de l'Afrique du Nord et du Bassin Mediterraneen. Encyclopedie entomologique, 33, l - 280." type="book" year="1956">Senevet and Andarelli (1956)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFD50FC7CFD6559E9" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[659,756,979,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFD50FC7CFD6559E9" box="[659,756,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in oases and irrigated areas in many 
<typeStatus id="41098879BA7A0A1EFB37FC7CFABE59E8" box="[1268,1327,979,1005]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">types</typeStatus>
of water, shaded and unshaded, with and without vegetation.” “ADULT BIOLOGY: Attacks man readily, often entering houses to do so. Often found resting indoors by day, but also makes extensive use of outdoor shelters which are sometimes remote from dwellings. It was formerly, at least, an important vector of malaria...”. Gillies &amp; de Meillon illustrated the distribution of the two subspecies in map form (fig. 53), on which they drew a non-overlapping line of demarcation. They further commented that “We ourselves would note in passing that, despite the close similarity between 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFF38FB04FECD5EC1" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[251,348,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFF38FB04FECD5EC1" box="[251,348,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFE51FB04FD845EC0" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[402,533,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFE51FB04FD845EC0" box="[402,533,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the behaviour of the adults of the two is very different, suggesting that there are more profound biological differences between them than their morphology would suggest.”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7A0A1EFF04FB5CFB145CB8" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
The nature of the dark and pale spots on vein R 
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(“third vein”) has often been used to separate 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFAEBFB5CFF615F34" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFAEBFB5CFA0C5F08" box="[1320,1437,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Anopheles</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
In the case of 
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFE58FAB8FE6D5F35" box="[411,508,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFDF5FAB8FD285F34" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[566,697,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFDF5FAB8FD285F34" box="[566,697,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a great deal of variation has been noted or illustrated for R 
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4+ 
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</subScript>
in subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFEDAFA94FE0D5F50" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[281,412,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFEDAFA94FE0D5F50" box="[281,412,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This could be an indicator of cryptic species or normal variation. Subspecies 
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFAF7FA94FA045F51" box="[1332,1429,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFEEFFAF0FE7A5F7C" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[300,491,1375,1401]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref182007" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1907) A monograph of the Culicidae or mosquitoes. Vol. 4. British Museum (Natural History), London, xix + 639 pp., 16 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58067" type="book" year="1907">Theobald (1907)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFE3BFAF0FD4C5F7C" author="Christophers, S. R." box="[504,733,1375,1401]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref148077" refString="Christophers, S. R. (1933) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Diptera. Vol. IV. Family Culicidae. Tribe Anophelini. Taylor and Francis, London, vi + (iii) + 371 pp., 3 pls." type="book" year="1933">Christophers (1933)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFD29FAF0FBB05F7C" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." box="[746,1057,1374,1401]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly &amp; Knight (1956)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFB99FAF0FA065F7C" author="Senevet, G. &amp; Andarelli, L." box="[1114,1431,1374,1401]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref177620" refString="Senevet, G. &amp; Andarelli, L. (1956) Les Anopheles de l'Afrique du Nord et du Bassin Mediterraneen. Encyclopedie entomologique, 33, l - 280." type="book" year="1956">Senevet &amp; Andarelli (1956)</bibRefCitation>
, has vein R 
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all dark or only with a median pale spot and/or small pale spots at the base and apex. In comparison, the scaling of vein R 
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4+ 
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in subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFD91FA08FD445FC4" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[594,725,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFD91FA08FD445FC4" box="[594,725,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been characterized differently by several authors: “Third vein ranging from entirely dark to about ⅔ pale, usually about ¼–½ pale; pale area when present usually situated distally as in 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFEE8FA40FE375C0C" authorityName="Giles" authorityYear="1900" box="[299,422,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funestus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFEE8FA40FE375C0C" box="[299,422,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A. funestus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in 3 cases it was median in the vein” (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFC46FA40FB9F5C0C" author="Evans, A. M." box="[901,1038,1519,1545]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref155212" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">Evans 1938</bibRefCitation>
); “all dark, pale area if present may be at the center” or pale with a long dark basal spot and a small apical dark spot (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFBE2F9BCFB4E5C28" author="de Meillon, B." box="[1057,1247,1555,1581]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 272" refId="ref151100" refString="de Meillon, B. (1947) The Anophelini of the Ethiopian geographical region. Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 10 (49), 1 - 272." type="journal article" year="1947">de Meillon 1947</bibRefCitation>
); “it appears that it is normally extensively pale scaled in the middle and only exceptionally dark [all dark?]” (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFB7BF998FF425C70" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly &amp; Knight 1956</bibRefCitation>
); and 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFEDAF9F4FDC65C70" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[281,599,1627,1653]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated the wing showing R 
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with a long (⅓ of total length) pale area subapically and perhaps small pale spots at the base and apex, and stated that “3rd vein variable, sometimes broadly pale as figured, in others entirely dark except at base and apex as in 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFC51F90CFBA85CB9" box="[914,1081,1699,1725]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="sergenti">
subsp. 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFC23F90CFBA85CB9" box="[992,1081,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergenti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFB8AF90CFBF95CB9" box="[1097,1128,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sic</emphasis>
].”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7A0A1EFF04F968FD145D74" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
A problem with recognizing subspecies as legitimate ranks, at least for mosquitoes, is illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFAE9F968FF755D00" author="Irish, S. R. &amp; Kyalo, D. &amp; Snow, R. W. &amp; Coetzee, M." pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="401 - 449" refId="ref161299" refString="Irish, S. R., Kyalo, D., Snow, R. W. &amp; Coetzee, M. (2020) Updated list of Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) by country in the Afrotropical Region and associated islands. Zootaxa, 4747 (3), 401 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4747.3.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
Irish 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFAA7F968FA045CE4" box="[1380,1429,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
. (2020)
</bibRefCitation>
, who only recognized the nominotypical subspecies and therefore listed the occurrence of only 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFADDF944FAEE5D01" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[1310,1407,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFADDF944FAEE5D01" box="[1310,1407,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in countries of sub-Sharan Africa, and 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFDE9F8A0FD475D2C" author="Coetzee, M." box="[554,726,1807,1833]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="70" refId="ref148422" refString="Coetzee, M. (2020) Key to the females of Afrotropical Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Malaria Journal, 19, 70. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12936 - 020 - 3144 - 9" type="journal article" year="2020">Coetzee (2020)</bibRefCitation>
who did not include subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFBFCF8A0FB535D2C" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[1087,1218,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFBFCF8A0FB535D2C" box="[1087,1218,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in keys to the adult females of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFED2F89CFE175D48" box="[273,390,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFED2F89CFE175D48" box="[273,390,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Anopheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Afrotropical 
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA7A0A1EFD9CF89CFD255D48" box="[607,692,1843,1869]" country="Iraq" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Region</collectingRegion>
. This prevents 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFC9BF89CFC4A5D48" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[856,987,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFC9BF89CFC4A5D48" box="[856,987,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from being known and confuses records and recognition of both putative subspecies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7A0A1DFF04F8D4FE40581C" blockId="73.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="74.[151,1437,150,645]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
The two nominal taxa, 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFE13F8D4FDA05D91" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[464,561,1915,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFE13F8D4FDA05D91" box="[464,561,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFDA9F8D4FD7C5D90" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[618,749,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFDA9F8D4FD7C5D90" box="[618,749,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, were not recognized as related taxonomically (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFACCF8D4FA095D90" author="Evans, A. M." box="[1295,1432,1915,1941]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans 1936</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFF54F830FF435DBC" author="Evans, A. M." box="[151,210,1951,1977]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="ref155212" refString="Evans, A. M. (1938) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. - Anophelini adults and early stages. British Museum (Natural History), London, x, 404 pp." type="book" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFF23F830FE0F5DBC" author="de Meillon, B." box="[224,414,1951,1977]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 272" refId="ref151100" refString="de Meillon, B. (1947) The Anophelini of the Ethiopian geographical region. Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 10 (49), 1 - 272." type="journal article" year="1947">de Meillon 1947</bibRefCitation>
) until 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1EFE2FF830FCB55DBC" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." box="[492,804,1950,1977]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly &amp; Knight (1956)</bibRefCitation>
considered 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFC6CF830FBA35DBC" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[943,1074,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFC6CF830FBA35DBC" box="[943,1074,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFAF7F830FA045DBD" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[1332,1429,1951,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFAF7F830FA045DBD" box="[1332,1429,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7A0A1EFED9F86CFE0C5DD8" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[282,413,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7A0A1EFED9F86CFE0C5DD8" box="[282,413,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably mainly confined to the “African portion of the Somali-Arid District” (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7A0A1DFAEFF86CFED35AB4" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly &amp; Knight 1956</bibRefCitation>
) and zoophilic, while subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFD7EFF38FC8F5AB5" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[701,798,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFD7EFF38FC8F5AB5" box="[701,798,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a north African-Mediterranean anthropophilic malaria 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFF54FF14FDA85AD0" authority="(Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Gillies &amp; de Meillon" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[151,569,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vector">
vector (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFF32FF14FDA05AD0" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[241,561,187,213]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. There exists abundant morphological variation but the only reliable way to separate the two forms is by the relatively large size of the larval tergal plates that characterize 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFAD9FF70FE705B18" authority="(Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Gillies &amp; de Meillon" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFAD9FF70FA0C5AFC" box="[1306,1437,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">macmahoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFF5CFEACFE485B18" author="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B." box="[159,473,259,285]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. &amp; de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &amp; de Meillon 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In a recent review of the mosquitoes of 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA790A1DFC07FEACFB8A5B18" box="[964,1051,259,285]" name="Algeria" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Algeria</collectingCountry>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFBE9FEACFA8D5B18" author="Merabti, B. &amp; Boumaza, M. &amp; Ouakid, M. L. &amp; Carvajal, T. M. &amp; Harbach, R. E." box="[1066,1308,259,285]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="515 - 545" refId="ref170030" refString="Merabti, B., Boumaza, M., Ouakid, M. L., Carvajal, T. M. &amp; Harbach, R. E. (2021) An updated checklist of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) present in Algeria, with assessments of doubtful records and problematic species. Zootaxa, 5027 (4), 515 - 545. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5027.4.3" type="journal article" year="2021">
Merabti 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFB4FFEACFB505B18" box="[1164,1217,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
. (2021)
</bibRefCitation>
stated that “Subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFEE9FE88FE3C5B44" baseAuthorityName="Gillies &amp; de Meillon" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[298,429,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFEE9FE88FE3C5B44" box="[298,429,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an Afrotropical form that occurs in many of the countries where the typical form is also found, which suggests that 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFDCAFEE4FD335B60" author="Evans, A. M." box="[521,674,331,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans (1936)</bibRefCitation>
may have correctly recognized it as a distinct species.” 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFAEDFEE4FEC65B8C" author="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="91 - 141" refId="ref169149" refString="Mattingly, P. F. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1956) The mosquitoes of Arabia I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 4 (3), 91 - 141." type="journal article" year="1956">Mattingly &amp; Knight (1956)</bibRefCitation>
eliminated subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFDA3FEC0FD725B8C" baseAuthorityName="Gillies &amp; de Meillon" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[608,739,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFDA3FEC0FD725B8C" box="[608,739,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from their list for mosquitoes in Arabia while distinguishing it morphologically and bionomically from 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFDB8FE3CFD4D5BA9" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[635,732,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergentii">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFDB8FE3CFD4D5BA9" box="[635,732,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">sergentii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These observations conform to our criteria for species status, 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFF54FE18FF2B5BD5" box="[151,186,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">i.e.</emphasis>
allopatry (and sympatry) with morphological and bionomical distinctions. We therefore reinstate 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFB3EFE18FA115BD4" baseAuthorityName="Gillies &amp; de Meillon" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1277,1408,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFB3EFE18FA115BD4" box="[1277,1408,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to species status: 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFEFDFE75FCAD5BF1" authority="Evans, 1936" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[318,828,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni" subGenus="Cellia">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFEFDFE75FCAD5BF1" bold="true" box="[318,828,474,501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFEFDFE75FE265BF0" bold="true" box="[318,439,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Anopheles</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFE0BFE75FD9D5BF0" bold="true" box="[456,524,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Cellia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFDDEFE75FD375BF0" bold="true" box="[541,678,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">macmahoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFD6EFE74FCAD5BF1" author="Evans, A. M." box="[685,828,474,501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="533 - 540" refId="ref155170" refString="Evans, A. M. (1936) Two new anopheline mosquitoes from Kenya. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 30 (4), 533 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1936.11684958" type="journal article" year="1936">Evans, 1936</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFC89FE74FBD85BF0" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[842,1097,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFC89FE74FBD85BF0" box="[842,1097,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Anopheles macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA790A1DFF04FD8CFBA05880" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA790A1DFF04FD8CFBA05880" blockId="74.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFF04FD8CFE5A5838" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[199,459,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFF04FD8CFE5A5838" box="[199,459,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Anopheles macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a single synonym, 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFD2AFD8CFAC65838" authority="Giaquinto-Mira, 1950" authorityName="Giaquinto-Mira" authorityYear="1950" box="[745,1367,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="macmahoni" variety="barkhuusi">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFD2AFD8CFC0E5838" box="[745,927,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">An. macmahoni</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFC23FD8CFBC15838" box="[992,1104,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">barkhuusi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFB9FFD8CFAC65838" author="Giaquinto-Mira, M." box="[1116,1367,546,573]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="281 - 313" refId="ref156399" refString="Giaquinto-Mira, M. (1950) Notes on the geographical distribution and biology of &quot; Anophelinae &quot; and &quot; Culicinae &quot; in Etiopia [sic]. Revista di Malariologia, 29 (5), 281 - 313." type="journal article" year="1950">Giaquinto-Mira, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="41098879BA790A1DFAA9FD8CFA0D5838" box="[1386,1436,547,573]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
locality: Valley of Becilo, 
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA790A1DFE7DFDE8FDB05864" box="[446,545,583,609]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
), synonymy by 
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA790A1DFD10FDE8FC045864" author="Stone, A. &amp; Knight, K. L. &amp; Starcke, H." box="[723,917,582,609]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref180004" refString="Stone, A., Knight, K. L. &amp; Starcke, H. (1959) A synoptic catalog of the mosquitoes of the world (Diptera, Culicidae). The Thomas Say Foundation. Vol. VI. Entomological Society of America, College Park, Maryland, vi + 358 pp." type="book" year="1959">
Stone 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFCD9FDE8FCDD5864" box="[794,844,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
. 1959
</bibRefCitation>
. It is possible that 
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFBA5FDE8FB475864" box="[1126,1238,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">barkhuusi</emphasis>
may be a distinct species, but until proven otherwise, it is retained as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA790A1DFCB9FDC4FBBB5880" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1936" box="[890,1066,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macmahoni">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA790A1DFCB9FDC4FBBB5880" box="[890,1066,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">An. macmahoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>