248 lines
27 KiB
XML
248 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F34A942581D6922520D98556DB8D3456">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BB2AC5756030AD0F6A5C015BC4B18434">Harbach, Ralph E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F64956AB068592689456869698ABBEA8" type="email">r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5B4426BBBC4978C00C2DBB78997C5B32">Wilkerson, Richard C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4668C03F3FC0882004EFFB12A0C6C20" type="email">wilkersonr@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AA5E1FC6880B0E3B4F0C31753923933B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3C3B7BC8EF675CBEADBFF0232111168A">
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<mods:date id="CCFFD03FC4F01349226256BD11DFCF3A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B3A9C5A938C5251945D84B68B1AA4CCE">2023-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="798E86885E266D8BDEC8D4C43ECB60EA">5303</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="696EF56328A9693D3A79179481588505" type="CLB-Dataset">53758</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D2171DC22CBDE749ECE336A48E1A1DCB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8064229" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700493" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8064229" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA610A05FF54FA90FD525F5C" box="[151,707,1343,1370]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA610A05FF54FA90FD525F5C" blockId="82.[151,707,1343,1370]" box="[151,707,1343,1370]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<heading id="C54581B7BA610A05FF54FA90FD525F5C" bold="true" box="[151,707,1343,1370]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FF54FA90FD525F5C" ID-CoL="8BMH8" ID-ENA="2563467" authority="(Ventrillon)" baseAuthorityName="Ventrillon" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,707,1343,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctatus" subGenus="Culex">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FF54FA90FD525F5C" bold="true" box="[151,707,1343,1370]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FF54FA90FF4E5F5F" bold="true" box="[151,223,1343,1370]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Culex</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FF33FA90FEA95F5F" bold="true" box="[240,312,1343,1370]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Culex</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FE8AFA90FDBB5F5C" bold="true" box="[329,554,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">argenteopunctatus</emphasis>
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(Ventrillon)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA610A05FF54FA2BFB5B5C51" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA610A05FF54FA2BFC825FBF" blockId="82.[151,1437,1411,1620]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FECDFA2BFD035F9E" ID-CoL="8BMH8" authority="(Ventrillon, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Ventrillon" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[270,658,1411,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctatus">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FECDFA2BFE415F9E" bold="true" box="[270,464,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">argenteopunctatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FE21FA2BFD1A5F9E" author="Ventrillon, E." box="[482,651,1411,1436]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="441 - 450" refId="ref183887" refString="Ventrillon, E. (1905) Culicides nouveaux de Madagascar. Archives de Parasitologie, 9 (4), 441 - 450." type="journal article" year="1905">Ventrillon, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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—original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FC5AFA2BFA9B5F9E" authorityName="Ventrillon" authorityYear="1905" box="[921,1290,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctata">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FC5AFA2BFA9B5F9E" box="[921,1290,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Heptaphlebomyia argenteopunctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Distribution: Only known with certainty from
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FDD6FA0DFD1E5FBF" box="[533,655,1442,1466]" name="Madagascar" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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(see below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA610A05FF54FA6EFB5B5C51" blockId="82.[151,1437,1411,1620]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
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subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FECEFA6FFD9D5FDC" authority="(Theobald, 1913 c)" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[269,524,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FECEFA6FFEDB5FDD" bold="true" box="[269,330,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">kingii</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FE9AFA6EFD945FDC" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[345,517,1473,1497]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="591 - 602" refId="ref182481" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1913 c) New Culicidae from the Sudan. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 7 (4), 591 - 602. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1913.11687629" type="journal article" year="1913">Theobald, 1913c</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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—original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FCD3FA6EFB965FDC" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1913" box="[784,1031,1473,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FCD3FA6EFB965FDC" box="[784,1031,1473,1497]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Heptaphlebomyia kingii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(subspecific status by
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FB3AFA6EFA005FDC" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1273,1425,1473,1497]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards 1941</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FE92FA4FFE0F5FFD" box="[337,414,1504,1528]" name="Angola" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Angola</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FE68FA4FFDA95FF2" box="[427,568,1504,1528]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FD85FA4FFD235FFD" box="[582,690,1504,1528]" name="Cameroon" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FD03FA4FFC565FFD" box="[704,967,1504,1528]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FC17FA4FFAD75FFD" box="[980,1350,1504,1528]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FA97FA4FFA085FFD" box="[1364,1433,1504,1528]" name="Ghana" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FF04FA50FE9D5C12" box="[199,268,1535,1559]" name="Kenya" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FED4FA51FEE05C13" box="[279,369,1534,1558]" name="Namibia" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FEBFFA51FE5A5C13" box="[380,459,1534,1558]" name="Nigeria" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FE15FA51FD535C13" box="[470,706,1534,1558]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FD0DFA51FC435C13" box="[718,978,1534,1558]" name="South Africa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FC1DFA51FBA05C13" box="[990,1073,1534,1558]" name="Senegal" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FBFFFA51FB535C13" box="[1084,1218,1534,1558]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FB0EFA51FAC35C13" box="[1229,1362,1534,1558]" name="South Sudan" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FA9EFA51FA0D5C13" box="[1373,1436,1534,1558]" name="Sudan" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FF0DF9B2FE235C30" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[206,434,1565,1589]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
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Wilkerson
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FE83F9B1FEFF5C30" box="[320,366,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These and the following countries listed for
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FC4FF9B1FB405C30" box="[908,1233,1566,1589]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FC4FF9B1FBD95C30" ID-CoL="8BMH8" baseAuthorityName="Ventrillon" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[908,1096,1566,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="argenteopunctatus">argenteopunctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA610A05FB93F9B1FB405C30" box="[1104,1233,1566,1589]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FB3BF9B2FA0D5C31" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[1272,1436,1565,1589]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FAABF9B1FA075C30" box="[1384,1430,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(2021) most likely also pertain to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FDDCF993FDC85C51" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1913" box="[543,601,1596,1620]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FDDCF993FDC85C51" box="[543,601,1596,1620]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FDA5F993FD345C51" box="[614,677,1596,1620]" name="Benin" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Benin</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FD6CF993FCA85C51" box="[687,825,1596,1620]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FC80F993FCE45C51" box="[835,885,1596,1620]" name="Serbia" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FC43F993FB995C51" box="[896,1032,1596,1620]" name="Mozambique" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
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,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FBD1F993FBCF5C51" box="[1042,1118,1596,1620]" name="Nigeria" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
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and
|
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FB4CF993FB575C51" box="[1167,1222,1596,1620]" name="Togo" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
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.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA610A04FF54F92DFCFA5864" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA610A04FF54F92DFCFA5864" blockId="82.[151,1437,1666,2016]" lastBlockId="83.[151,1436,151,609]" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FF54F92DFE205C99" baseAuthorityName="Ventrillon" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,433,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FF54F92DFE205C99" box="[151,433,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Culex argenteopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described and named based on specimens (adult male and female) collected in the environs of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA610A05FEDAF909FE255CC5" box="[281,436,1702,1728]" country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
|
||
, formerly Tananarive,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FD6DF909FCA65CC5" box="[686,823,1702,1728]" name="Madagascar" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FC01F909FB935CC5" box="[962,1026,1702,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FC01F909FB935CC5" box="[962,1026,1702,1728]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described as a species distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FEEDF965FDBA5CE1" baseAuthorityName="Ventrillon" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[302,555,1738,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FEEDF965FDBA5CE1" box="[302,555,1738,1764]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Cx. argenteopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA610A05FD5FF965FCB65CE1" box="[668,807,1738,1764]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
, one collected at Nyumbe and the other at Alenga in the former Lado District (current Dokolo State) of present-day
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FCE4F941FC295D0D" box="[807,952,1774,1800]" name="South Sudan" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FC03F941FB175D0D" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[960,1158,1774,1800]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="591 - 602" refId="ref182481" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1913 c) New Culicidae from the Sudan. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 7 (4), 591 - 602. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1913.11687629" type="journal article" year="1913">Theobald (1913c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FAC0F941FAD25D0D" box="[1283,1347,1774,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FAC0F941FAD25D0D" box="[1283,1347,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“can be distinguished from the allied
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FE1DF8BCFCD55D29" authority=", Ventrillon" authorityName="Ventrillon" box="[478,836,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FE1DF8BCFD555D29" box="[478,708,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">H. argenteopunctata</emphasis>
|
||
, Ventrillon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the abdomen having only small basal lateral spots and not ornamented as in Ventrillon’s species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FD12F899FCCD5D55" box="[721,860,1846,1872]" name="Madagascar" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the antennae are also black in the
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA610A05FB1FF899FB605D55" box="[1244,1265,1846,1872]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, not yellowish, and the thoracic adornment differs.” Additionally,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA610A05FD09F8F5FCEC5D71" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[714,893,1882,1908]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FC39F8F5FBAB5D71" box="[1018,1082,1882,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FC39F8F5FBAB5D71" box="[1018,1082,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the typical form in having broad and flat postspiracular scales as on other areas of the thoracic pleura, mesokatepisternal scales more numerous with the upper patch large and extending over the prealar area, and the hindfemur “white all round on basal fourth or more.” In his study of the adult, larval and pupal stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA610A05FC2CF869FB7C5DE5" baseAuthorityName="Ventrillon" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1007,1261,1990,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argenteopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA610A05FC2CF869FB7C5DE5" box="[1007,1261,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Cx. argenteopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA610A05FAD6F869FA0D5DE5" box="[1301,1436,1990,2016]" name="Madagascar" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(the larva and pupa of the typical form were not previously known),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA600A04FC77FF38FBF45AB4" author="Brunhes, J." box="[948,1125,151,177]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="207 - 216" refId="ref147113" refString="Brunhes, J. (1967) Contribution a l'etude des culicides de Madagascar. Description des larves et nymphes de Culex (C.) giganteus Ventrillon et Culex (C.) argenteopunctatus Ventrillon [sic]. Notes complementaires sur les adultes de ces deux especes. Cahiers ORSTOM Serie Entomologie medicale et Parasitologie, 5 (4), 207 - 216." type="journal article" year="1967">Brunhes (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out morphological characters specific to the typical form as follows: “The most important of these distinctive characters seem to us to be in the larva; the comb of segment VIII formed by scales [not spine-like] and the spines [seta 2-S] of the dorsal valves of the siphon which do not have a plane of symmetry [elongate and not identical]; in adults, the narrow and curved postspiracular scales, the sternopleural [mesokatepisternal] spot of white scales which does not reach the prealar area, the two patches of pale scales on the nape of the neck [occiput] and the male terminalia [genitalia] which are different from those drawn by Edwards from a male of subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FBCAFEC0FBD05B8C" box="[1033,1089,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">kingi</emphasis>
|
||
[translated from the French].” Despite “these morphological peculiarities, allied to a geographical isolation”, Brunhes elected to maintain the typical form as a subspecies. On the contrary, in view of the morphological distinctions, as well as other differences in the adults, larva and pupa of the typical form noted by Brunhes, and its geographical isolation, we conclude, in agreement with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA600A04FE89FE50FD85581C" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[330,532,511,537]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="591 - 602" refId="ref182481" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1913 c) New Culicidae from the Sudan. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 7 (4), 591 - 602. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1913.11687629" type="journal article" year="1913">Theobald (1913c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA600A04FD93FE50FD01581C" box="[592,656,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Heptaphlebomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FD93FE50FD01581C" box="[592,656,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not conspecific with the Madagascan species. Thus, the continental form is hereby formally returned to its original specific status:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA600A04FCB7FD8DFADB5839" authority="(Theobald, 1913 c)" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[884,1354,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii" subGenus="Culex">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FCB7FD8DFADB5839" bold="true" box="[884,1354,546,573]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FCB7FD8DFC295838" bold="true" box="[884,952,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Culex</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FC0FFD8DFB815838" bold="true" box="[972,1040,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Culex</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FBE0FD8DFBF75838" bold="true" box="[1059,1126,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">kingii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA600A04FBBBFD8DFAD35839" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[1144,1346,546,572]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="591 - 602" refId="ref182481" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1913 c) New Culicidae from the Sudan. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 7 (4), 591 - 602. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1913.11687629" type="journal article" year="1913">Theobald, 1913c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA600A04FA98FD8CFF465864" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA600A04FA98FD8CFF465864" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Culex kingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |