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<document id="138CC638973F5F16B277FBFBD3C50F0A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5031.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454380" ID-ZooBank="CC3A59D1-E09E-407E-93F4-4796FD3D7C19" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630656413037" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ugalde, Diana, Fernandez, Julio C. C., Gómez, Patricia, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele &amp; Simões, Nuno" docDate="2021" docId="110587B34D42485BFF53FAD84BAB3052" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5031.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5031 (1)" docSource="http://zoobank.org/cc3a59d1-e09e-407e-93f4-4796fd3d7c19" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stellettinopsis megastylifera" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="ED3CFFCB4D0B4811FFC4FFF74B713518" masterDocTitle="An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1699281874622" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6B2F98442846BA6BFC09EEBF4E82E9F8">An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="376EE2F70952A20FAB768282929A2B51">Ugalde, Diana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C0BF0A4F872CCB8E0563696E68B30366">Fernandez, Julio C. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B791A1FE99D73F9A7506BD896723360E">Gómez, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="59B9569790D2D21D693FDEA0E3115C75">Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1B04EB3019E8625FB051EB88BF62C05F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="23F87B5816EA9AF04065001663D857DC">2021-09-03</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="D1B6652E4D424858FF53FAD84A913076" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF53FAD848CD3051" blockId="73.[151,956,1327,1390]" box="[151,956,1327,1354]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<heading id="C25B81C94D424858FF53FAD848CD3051" bold="true" box="[151,956,1327,1354]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FF53FAD848CD3051" ID-CoL="4ZS3H" authority="(Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[151,956,1327,1354]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF53FAD848CD3051" bold="true" box="[151,956,1327,1354]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF53FAD84A983052" bold="true" box="[151,489,1327,1354]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stellettinopsis megastylifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D424858FE3CFAD848C23051" author="Wintermann-Kilian, G. &amp; Kilian, E. F." box="[504,947,1327,1354]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="121 - 135" refId="ref83152" refString="Wintermann-Kilian, G. &amp; Kilian, E. F. (1984) Marine Sponges of the Region of Santa Marta (Colombia). Part II. Homosclerophorida, Choristida, Spirophorida, Hadromerida, Axinellida, Halichondrida, Poecilosclerida. Studies on the Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 121 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360650" type="journal article" year="1984">Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF53FAA34A913076" blockId="73.[151,956,1327,1390]" box="[151,480,1364,1390]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<tableCitation id="D42E031E4D424858FF53FAA34B863076" box="[151,247,1364,1390]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="93.[151,239,460,486]" captionText="TABLE 6. List of sponge species (Porifera, Demospongiae) recorded in this survey and their distribution in the coral reefs of the study area; * new record for the southern Gulf of Mexico, ** new records for the Gulf of Mexico. 1. Hornos Reef, 2. Isla de Enmedio Reef, 3. Isla Verde Reef, 4. Cabezo Reef, 5. Triangulo Este Reef, 6. Triangulo Oeste Reef, 7. Banco Nuevo Reef, 8. Banco Obispo Norte Reef, 9. Banco Obispo Sur Reef, 10. Banco Pera Reef, 11. Cayo Nuevo Reef, 12. Cayo Arcas Reef, 13. Cayo Arenas Reef, 14. Sisal Reef, 15. Chelem Lagoon, 16. Alacranes Reef, 17. Bajos del Norte Reef." pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tables 6</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="D42E031E4D424858FEC7FAA34A623076" box="[259,275,1364,1390]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="96.[151,239,466,492]" captionText="TABLE 7. Compiled list of species recorded historically in the southern Gulf of Mexico (Mexico’s Exclusive Economic Zone within the Gulf of Mexico) arranged in alphabeti-" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">7</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FEE4FAA34AD93076" box="[288,424,1364,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs. 67A–I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FE77FAA34A913076" box="[435,480,1364,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 70" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1707,1731]" captionTargetBox="[283,1304,181,1683]" captionTargetId="figure-18@77.[283,1304,181,1683]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 70. In situ photographs of species analyzed in the present study: A. Svenzea tubulosa (Alcolado &amp; Gotera, 1986), B. Svenzea zeai (Alvarez, van Soest &amp; Rützler, 1998) (CNPGG-2284); C. Hymeniacidon caerulea Pulitzer-Finali, 1986 (CNPGG- 2425); D. Topsentia ophiraphidites (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2185); E. Topsentia ophiraphidites (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2262); F. Topsentia ophiraphidites (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2415); G. Tectitethya crypta de Laubenfels, 1949 (CNPGG-2176); H. Tectitethya macrostella Sarà &amp; Bavestrello, 1996 (CNPGG-2277); I. Tethya diploderma Schmidt, 1870 (CNPGG-2191); J. Timea stenosclera Hechtel, 1969 (CNPGG-2275); K. Timea stenosclera Hechtel, 1969 (CNPGG-2358), surface detail zoomed in (arrow indicates a specimen of Chalinula aff. molitba); L. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann- Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446); M. Geodia gibberosa Lamarck, 1815 (CNPGG-2291); N. Geodia neptuni (Sollas, 1886) (CNPGG-2439). Scale bars, A–N = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454520/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">70L</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D1B6652E4D424858FF53FA6B49FC30E6" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF53FA6B49FC30E6" blockId="73.[151,1437,1436,2039]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF53FA6B4A6E30AE" bold="true" box="[151,287,1436,1462]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Synonymy:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FEE1FA6A48D830AE" authority="Wintermann-Kilian (1984: 122)" authorityName="Wintermann-Kilian" authorityPageNumber="122" authorityYear="1984" box="[293,937,1436,1462]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ecionemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FEE1FA6A494D30AE" box="[293,572,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ecionemia megastylifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D424858FD87FA6B48D830AE" author="Wintermann-Kilian, G. &amp; Kilian, E. F." box="[579,937,1436,1462]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="121 - 135" refId="ref83152" refString="Wintermann-Kilian, G. &amp; Kilian, E. F. (1984) Marine Sponges of the Region of Santa Marta (Colombia). Part II. Homosclerophorida, Choristida, Spirophorida, Hadromerida, Axinellida, Halichondrida, Poecilosclerida. Studies on the Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 121 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360650" type="journal article" year="1984">Wintermann-Kilian (1984: 122)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D424858FC71FA6B4FAA30AE" author="Cardenas, P. &amp; Menegola, C. &amp; Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C." box="[949,1243,1436,1462]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref74746" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276 (1), 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2276.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
Cardenas
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FBE0FA6A4F2D30AE" box="[1060,1116,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">et al.</emphasis>
(2009: 12)
</bibRefCitation>
;
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FB23FA6B4B8230C2" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ancorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FB23FA6B4B8230C2" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ancorina megastylifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FEC6FA36497430C2" baseAuthorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[258,517,1472,1498]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ecionemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dominicana">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FEC6FA36497430C2" box="[258,517,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ecionemia dominicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FDD1FA3649C730C2" box="[533,694,1472,1498]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ecionemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FDD1FA3649FC30C2" box="[533,653,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Ecionemia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FD07FA37488230C2" box="[707,1011,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FD07FA37489E30C2" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1986" box="[707,1007,1472,1498]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dominicana">Stellettinopsis dominicana</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D424858FBEFFA374E1930C2" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1067,1384,1472,1498]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FBEFFA374E1930C2" box="[1067,1384,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stellettinopsis megastylifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: see references compiled in
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D424858FE59FA1349F830E6" author="van Soest, R. W. M." box="[413,649,1508,1534]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 225" refId="ref81605" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (2017) Sponges of the Guyana Shelf. Zootaxa, 4217 (1), 1 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4217.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">van Soest (2017: 78)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1B6652E4D424858FF03F9FF4A083372" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF03F9FF4A92333A" blockId="73.[151,1437,1436,2039]" box="[199,483,1544,1570]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<materialsCitation id="29C43CF84D424858FF03F9FF4AAF333A" box="[199,478,1544,1570]" country="Colombia" location="Colombia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF03F9FF4A17333A" bold="true" box="[199,358,1544,1570]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus id="461788074D424858FF03F9FF4A73333A" box="[199,258,1544,1570]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D424858FEA8F9FF4AAF333A" box="[364,478,1544,1570]" name="Colombia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF03F9DB4A083372" blockId="73.[151,1437,1436,2039]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF03F9DB4AC1335E" bold="true" box="[199,432,1580,1606]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="29C43CF84D424858FE73F9DB4A043372" collectingDate="2018-08-31" collectorName="Diana" country="Iceland" elevation="11" latitude="19.20588" location="Verde" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-96.07305" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" specimenCount="1">
CNPGG-2446,
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D424858FDA0F9DB49FD335E" box="[612,652,1580,1606]" name="Iceland" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Isla</collectingCountry>
<location id="9C73607E4D424858FD57F9DB49A5335E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:110587B34D42485BFF53FAD84BAB3052:9C73607E4D424858FD57F9DB49A5335E" box="[659,724,1580,1606]" country="Iceland" latitude="19.20588" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-96.07305" name="Verde" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Verde</location>
reef (
<geoCoordinate id="FC9850624D424858FCD1F9DB48D0335F" box="[789,929,1580,1607]" degrees="19.20588" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="1" value="19.20588">19.20588°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FC9850624D424858FC68F9DB4F4E335F" box="[940,1087,1580,1607]" degrees="96.07305" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="1" value="-96.07305">96.07305°W</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="1281D1964D424858FB96F9DB4FA0335E" box="[1106,1233,1580,1606]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="11.0">
<quantity id="5E549B404D424858FB96F9DB4FF8335E" box="[1106,1161,1580,1606]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, coll.
<collectorName id="345953734D424858FAD7F9DB4E27335E" box="[1299,1366,1580,1606]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Diana</collectorName>
Ugal- de,
<date id="ED1210654D424858FF04F9A74A043372" box="[192,373,1616,1642]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2018-08-31">
<collectingDate id="FD56E98D4D424858FF04F9A74A043372" box="[192,373,1616,1642]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2018-08-31">31 August 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1B6652E4D42485BFF03F9834F733406" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF03F98349A633CE" blockId="73.[151,1437,1436,2039]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF03F9834A283396" bold="true" box="[199,345,1652,1678]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Description.</emphasis>
Encrusting habit on coral rubble (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FD1DF983484E3396" box="[729,831,1652,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 70" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1707,1731]" captionTargetBox="[283,1304,181,1683]" captionTargetId="figure-18@77.[283,1304,181,1683]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 70. In situ photographs of species analyzed in the present study: A. Svenzea tubulosa (Alcolado &amp; Gotera, 1986), B. Svenzea zeai (Alvarez, van Soest &amp; Rützler, 1998) (CNPGG-2284); C. Hymeniacidon caerulea Pulitzer-Finali, 1986 (CNPGG- 2425); D. Topsentia ophiraphidites (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2185); E. Topsentia ophiraphidites (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2262); F. Topsentia ophiraphidites (de Laubenfels, 1934) (CNPGG-2415); G. Tectitethya crypta de Laubenfels, 1949 (CNPGG-2176); H. Tectitethya macrostella Sarà &amp; Bavestrello, 1996 (CNPGG-2277); I. Tethya diploderma Schmidt, 1870 (CNPGG-2191); J. Timea stenosclera Hechtel, 1969 (CNPGG-2275); K. Timea stenosclera Hechtel, 1969 (CNPGG-2358), surface detail zoomed in (arrow indicates a specimen of Chalinula aff. molitba); L. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann- Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446); M. Geodia gibberosa Lamarck, 1815 (CNPGG-2291); N. Geodia neptuni (Sollas, 1886) (CNPGG-2439). Scale bars, A–N = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454520/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 70L</figureCitation>
), covered by sand, 10 ×7 ×
<quantity id="5E549B404D424858FBAAF9834FD83396" box="[1134,1193,1652,1678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
. The surface is hispid with some scattered pores. Oscules elevated. The color
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FCD5F96E482F33AA" box="[785,862,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">in vivo</emphasis>
is black in the outside, and beige inside, the same color preserved in ethanol. The consistency is hard.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="991336A54D424858FF03F9174ADD325A" blockId="73.[151,1437,1436,2039]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF03F9174A4433E2" bold="true" box="[199,309,1760,1786]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Ectosomal skeleton with some spicules perpendicular to paratangential arrangement, and choanosomal region with quite a few disordered spicules (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FD2BF8F3482D3207" box="[751,860,1796,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 67A</figureCitation>
). Microscleres below the surface and scattered in choanosomal region too.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="991336A54D42485BFF03F8BB4F733406" blockId="73.[151,1437,1436,2039]" lastBlockId="74.[151,1437,151,286]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FF03F8BB4A41327E" bold="true" box="[199,304,1868,1894]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Spicules.</emphasis>
Megascleres: Oxeas in two categories. Larger oxeas I (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FC6BF8BB4F68327F" box="[943,1049,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 67B</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FBEEF8BB4F45327F" box="[1066,1076,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1527,1551]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,569,1500]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[151,1436,561,1504]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling localities explored in this study in the southern Gulf of Mexico. The localities include 16 coral reefs from Veracruz to Campeche Bank and one station in the Chelem lagoon in Yucatan Peninsula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454382/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">1</figureCitation>
), fusiform, slightly curved, and smooth, with sharp tips, hastate to stylote: 760–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FD7CF88748723292" box="[696,771,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">1176.7</emphasis>
(225.3)–1650/20–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FC10F8874F743292" box="[980,1029,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">42.4</emphasis>
(16.5)–70 µm. Small oxeas II (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FAABF8874BB932B7" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 67B</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FF13F8634B9432B7" box="[215,229,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1425,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-325@8.[151,1435,1425,1954]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Agelas clathrodes (Schmidt, 1870) (CNPGG-2297), skeleton and spicules:A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. detail of the ectosomal region, upper side; C. verticillated acanthostyles. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454384/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">2</figureCitation>
), less abundant, smaller, and thinner than oxeas I; 430–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FC93F86348F032B6" box="[855,897,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">936</emphasis>
(166.9)–1050/10–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D424858FB96F8634FF232B6" box="[1106,1155,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">26.9</emphasis>
(6.9)–35 µm. Microxeas (rare; n = 1) 420/2.5 µm. Dichotriaene (rare; n = 1), stout with short cladomes; rhabdomes 420/30 µm, clads 80/25 µm (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FF0BF82B4A4832EF" box="[207,313,2012,2039]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 67D</figureCitation>
). Plagiotriaenes smaller in size than dichotriaenes (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D424858FC42F82B4F7C32EE" box="[902,1037,2012,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 67C, F</figureCitation>
) probably transitional forms of dichotriaenes. Protriaenes (rare; n = 2), stout with short cladomes; rhabdomes 610–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFBE4FF604F3B35A9" box="[1056,1098,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">705</emphasis>
(134.4)–800/10–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFAC8FF604E5935A9" box="[1292,1320,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">20</emphasis>
(14.1)–30 µm, clads 25–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFEF8FF4C4A2935CD" box="[316,344,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">40</emphasis>
(21.2)–55/9–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFE37FF4C495535CD" box="[499,548,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">19.5</emphasis>
(14.8)–30 µm (67E). Microscleres: Acanthomicrorhabds fusiform with blunt tips; 40–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFF3DFF294A5B35E0" box="[249,298,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">60.3</emphasis>
(14.5)–80/4–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFE06FF284A9435E1" box="[450,485,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">4.8</emphasis>
(0.4)–5 µm (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D41485BFDBFFF28487435E1" box="[635,773,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Figs. 67G, I</figureCitation>
). Acanthoxyasters; 7.5–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFBD0FF284F4135E1" box="[1044,1072,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">10</emphasis>
(2.7)–14.5 µm in diameter (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D41485BFAABFF284BBC3406" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 67H</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="01972A204D41485BFF1AFEF44B993406" box="[222,232,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1527,1551]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,569,1500]" captionTargetId="figure-175@7.[151,1436,561,1504]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling localities explored in this study in the southern Gulf of Mexico. The localities include 16 coral reefs from Veracruz to Campeche Bank and one station in the Chelem lagoon in Yucatan Peninsula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454382/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">1</figureCitation>
). Acanthostrongylasters; 3.5–
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFDF7FEF449273405" box="[563,598,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">4.5</emphasis>
(0.6)–5 µm in diameter (
<figureCitation id="01972A204D41485BFCB5FEF448A93406" box="[881,984,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="74.[151,250,861,885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetId="figure-85@74.[151,1435,309,838]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURE 67. Stellettinopsis megastylifera (Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984) (CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. 1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea; C. plagiotriaene; D. dichotriaene; E. protriaene; F. malformed plagiotriaene; G. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster; H. 1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters; I. malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 67H</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="01972A204D41485BFC2CFEF448873406" box="[1000,1014,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1425,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-325@8.[151,1435,1425,1954]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Agelas clathrodes (Schmidt, 1870) (CNPGG-2297), skeleton and spicules:A. transversal section of the skeleton; B. detail of the ectosomal region, upper side; C. verticillated acanthostyles. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 100 µm; C = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454384/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CDD3662D4D41485BFF53FCAA4EED36FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5454514/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" startId="74.[151,250,861,885]" targetBox="[151,1435,309,838]" targetPageId="74">
<paragraph id="991336A54D41485BFF53FCAA4EED36FA" blockId="74.[151,1436,861,994]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFF53FCAA4A55366E" bold="true" box="[151,292,861,886]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">FIGURE 67.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D41485BFEE9FCA948A8366E" authority="(Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[301,985,862,886]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFEE9FCA9493E366E" box="[301,591,862,886]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stellettinopsis megastylifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFDA4FCA948A3366E" author="Wintermann-Kilian, G. &amp; Kilian, E. F." box="[608,978,862,886]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="121 - 135" refId="ref83152" refString="Wintermann-Kilian, G. &amp; Kilian, E. F. (1984) Marine Sponges of the Region of Santa Marta (Colombia). Part II. Homosclerophorida, Choristida, Spirophorida, Hadromerida, Axinellida, Halichondrida, Poecilosclerida. Studies on the Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 121 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360650" type="journal article" year="1984">Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian, 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(CNPGG-2446), skeleton and spicules:
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFA40FCAA4EED366D" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,861,885]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">A.</emphasis>
transversal section of the skeleton;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFDC7FC75496A3682" bold="true" box="[515,539,898,922]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">B.</emphasis>
1—large oxeas and 2—small oxea;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFC50FC7648DD3681" bold="true" box="[916,940,897,921]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C.</emphasis>
plagiotriaene;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFB8CFC754F113682" bold="true" box="[1096,1120,898,922]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">D.</emphasis>
dichotriaene;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFB30FC754E7A3682" bold="true" box="[1268,1291,898,922]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">E.</emphasis>
protriaene;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFA4DFC754EED3682" bold="true" box="[1417,1436,898,922]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">F.</emphasis>
malformed plagiotriaene;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFE5AFC524AC336A5" bold="true" box="[414,434,933,957]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">G</emphasis>
. acanthomicrorhabds, arrow pointing to acanthoxyaster;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFC31FC514F7E36A6" bold="true" box="[1013,1039,934,958]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">H.</emphasis>
1— acanthoxyasters and 2—acanthostrogylasters;
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFEDFFC3D4A5A36FA" bold="true" box="[283,299,970,994]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">I.</emphasis>
malformed acanthomicrorhabd. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–E = 50 µm; F = 10 µm; G = 25 µm; H–I = 5 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D1B6652E4D41485BFF03FBE748393156" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="991336A54D41485BFF03FBE748393156" blockId="74.[151,1437,1040,1354]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFF03FBE74A103132" bold="true" box="[199,353,1040,1066]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D41485BFEA3FBE74ACC3132" box="[359,445,1040,1066]" name="Mexico" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(current records),
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D41485BFD48FBE749B63132" box="[652,711,1040,1066]" name="Cuba" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFD11FBE748F13132" author="Alcolado, P. M." box="[725,896,1040,1066]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="53 - 72" refId="ref73929" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D41485BFC57FBE7488D3132" box="[915,1020,1040,1066]" name="Bahamas" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
, other countries in the Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFF5BFBC34AFB3156" author="Cardenas, P. &amp; Menegola, C. &amp; Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C." box="[159,394,1076,1102]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref74746" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276 (1), 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2276.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
Cárdenas
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFED4FBC24A393156" box="[272,328,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
;
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D41485BFE51FBC2497C3156" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1862" box="[405,525,1077,1102]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ecionemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFE51FBC2497C3156" box="[405,525,1077,1102]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Ecionemia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D41485BFDE1FBC3490D3156" box="[549,636,1076,1102]" name="Guyana" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Guyana</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFD4EFBC3484D3156" author="van Soest, R. W. M." box="[650,828,1076,1102]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 225" refId="ref81605" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (2017) Sponges of the Guyana Shelf. Zootaxa, 4217 (1), 1 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4217.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">van Soest 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1B6652E4D41485BFF03FBAF4BAB3052" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="991336A54D41485BFF03FBAF4BAB3052" blockId="74.[151,1437,1040,1354]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFF03FBAF4A4A316A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1112,1138]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Remarks.</emphasis>
According to recent studies (
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFD4DFBAF4806316A" author="Cardenas, P. &amp; Menegola, C. &amp; Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C." box="[649,887,1112,1138]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref74746" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276 (1), 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2276.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
Cárdenas
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFD3FFBAE4845316A" box="[763,820,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFC40FBAF4F47316A" author="van Soest, R. W. M." box="[900,1078,1112,1138]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 225" refId="ref81605" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (2017) Sponges of the Guyana Shelf. Zootaxa, 4217 (1), 1 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4217.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">van Soest 2017</bibRefCitation>
), morphology and spicule measurements, our specimen matches with
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D41485BFDA4FB8B48D1318E" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[608,928,1148,1174]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFDA4FB8B48D1318E" box="[608,928,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stellettinopsis megastylifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Our specimen did not have anatriaenes, in comparison with specimens from Bocas del Toro recorded in
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFC9CFB574F2B31A2" author="Cardenas, P. &amp; Menegola, C. &amp; Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C." box="[856,1114,1184,1210]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref74746" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276 (1), 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2276.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
Cárdenas
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFC0DFB564F7531A2" box="[969,1028,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
. However, anatriaenes seem to be an uncommon spicule because neither the
<typeStatus id="461788074D41485BFD7DFB33486A31C6" box="[697,795,1220,1246]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
nor
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFC95FB334F5231C6" author="van Soest, R. W. M." box="[849,1059,1220,1246]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 225" refId="ref81605" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (2017) Sponges of the Guyana Shelf. Zootaxa, 4217 (1), 1 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4217.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">van Soest’s (2017)</bibRefCitation>
specimens have them.
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFAE8FB334B93301A" author="van Soest, R. W. M." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 225" refId="ref81605" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. (2017) Sponges of the Guyana Shelf. Zootaxa, 4217 (1), 1 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4217.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Van Soest (2017)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D41485BFE5DFB1F493F301A" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[409,590,1256,1282]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFE5DFB1F493F301A" box="[409,590,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">S. megastylifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was distributed in the GoM, nonetheless, this record probably refers to the listed species of
<bibRefCitation id="FD3D4B544D41485BFE97FAFB497D303E" author="Alcolado, P. M." box="[339,524,1292,1318]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="53 - 72" refId="ref73929" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado (2002)</bibRefCitation>
in
<collectingCountry id="E1BB76354D41485BFDF6FAFB4900303E" box="[562,625,1292,1318]" name="Cuba" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Cuba</collectingCountry>
. Thus, this can be considered the first record of
<taxonomicName id="5EAC4D264D41485BFB50FAFB4E38303E" baseAuthorityName="Wintermann-Kilian &amp; Kilian" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1172,1353,1292,1318]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stellettinopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="megastylifera">
<emphasis id="ABD8EAB74D41485BFB50FAFB4E38303E" box="[1172,1353,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">S. megastylifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the GoM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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