226 lines
25 KiB
XML
226 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="6E8D04811B46C255C29C600EE8AF33F2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.170057" ID-GBIF-Dataset="87432806-0606-4635-91a2-0b93eb5f72f1" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="170057" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459749815976" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Minton, Russell L., Savarese, Steven P., Jr & Campbell, David C." docDate="2005" docId="6154C06C4F65036F2B35D6E0FEA4FE63" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01054p042.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1054" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Lithasia spicula Minton, Savarese, Jr & Campbell, 2005, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="9D6DB8144F6303662A3DD729FF99FFE5" masterDocTitle="A new species of “ Lithasia ” (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Pleuroceridae) from the Harpeth River, Tennessee, U. S. A." masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698211560292" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="71076B45FFFA37B090449804EBDB775D">A new species of “ Lithasia ” (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Pleuroceridae) from the Harpeth River, Tennessee, U. S. A.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AF3D68E123090BEA32982CCD747311B9">Minton, Russell L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="570CEC05A9E67898BF8010F902A83BFA">Savarese, Steven P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2D22D9B9908D086E5486F3272A3CD39E">Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4C1DD85A941A3BE83CBAA5B248477026">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="46BEE00A287D6622CC7738422C06D19F">Campbell, David C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D4AC2ABC5EAB82BCA5389C4C24C93EE0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="694E869B52E6DC4F3E9A432C68B9A67C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D6EA45DDC6BE17C72978AF942758D54A">
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<mods:date id="C4D5B58F89AB9A4741279D8865F0B1A6">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3F09F03717CD6E54A2ED7D7700B1BF38">1054</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4D5F3A4F66F9D650C74BC370B5C764C0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.170057</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6154C06C4F65036F2B35D6E0FEA4FE63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6265728" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119337532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6265728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6154C06C4F65036F2B35D6E0FEA4FE63" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6154C06C4F65036F2B35D6E0FEA4FE63" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="A1E722F14F6503602B35D6E0FDA8FDE3" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B35D6E0FDB7FE06" blockId="6.[264,561,457,518]" box="[264,558,457,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="B20AC6164F6503602B35D6E0FDB7FE06" bold="true" box="[264,558,457,483]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6503602B35D6E0FDB7FE06" bold="true" box="[264,558,457,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6503602B35D6E0FE50FE06" ID-CoL="3VHM6" box="[264,457,457,483]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spicula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6503602B35D6E0FE50FE06" bold="true" box="[264,457,457,483]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Lithasia spicula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0BA10134F6503602BEDD6E0FDB7FE06" box="[464,558,457,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B35D6C5FDA8FDE3" blockId="6.[264,561,457,518]" box="[264,561,492,518]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Sharptongued Rocksnail</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A1E722F14F65036F2B35D506FEA4FE63" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B35D506FD29FD7C" blockId="6.[264,1326,559,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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<typeStatus id="3646CFD84F6503602B35D506FEDBFDAC" box="[264,322,559,585]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
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Designations and Locality:
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<typeStatus id="3646CFD84F65036028A6D506FC91FDAC" box="[667,776,559,585]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602929D506FCFEFDAC" box="[788,871,559,585]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/aasf-rm4s" name="North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">NCSM</collectionCode>
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26807, Harpeth River, Highway 100 bridge, near Bellevue, Davidson County, Tennessee,
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<collectingCountry id="91EA31EA4F650360294BD57EFC50FD94" box="[886,969,599,625]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8CC917BD4F65036029EBD57EFBEEFD94" box="[982,1143,599,625]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" precision="15" value="36.05472">36º 03' 17" N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8CC917BD4F6503602EBED57EFAB3FD94" box="[1155,1322,599,625]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" precision="15" value="-86.92861">86º 55' 43" W</geoCoordinate>
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.
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<typeStatus id="3646CFD84F6503602B35D556FEE3FD7C" box="[264,378,639,665]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602BBCD556FE4DFD7C" box="[385,468,639,665]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/aasf-rm4s" name="North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">NCSM</collectionCode>
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P4678, UAG 405.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B05D58EFE00FD0C" blockId="6.[264,1326,559,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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Etymology: From Latin
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6503602864D58EFD5BFD25" box="[601,706,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">spiculum</emphasis>
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, a sharp point, referring to the pointed cusps on the lateral teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B05D5DEFE5DFC3C" blockId="6.[264,1326,559,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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Diagnosis: A species of
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F650360285CD5DEFD58FCF5" box="[609,705,759,784]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F650360285CD5DEFD58FCF5" box="[609,705,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Lithasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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endemic to the Harpeth River in shoals under and immediately downstream of the Highway 100 bridge near Bellevue, Davidson County, Tennessee. The snail differs from other
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F65036028DAD46EFCD3FC85" box="[743,842,839,864]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Leptoxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F65036028DAD46EFCD3FC85" box="[743,842,839,864]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Leptoxis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having a shell morphology most like
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6503602B35D446FE05FC6D" box="[264,412,879,904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="armigera">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6503602B35D446FE05FC6D" box="[264,412,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Li. armigera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6503602BD7D446FDD3FC6D" box="[490,586,879,904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6503602BD7D446FDD3FC6D" box="[490,586,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Lithasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having three to four large, rounded denticles on the marginals, and from eastern North American pleurocerids by having pointed, triangular cusps on the lateral teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B05D4CEFDC5FAA4" blockId="6.[264,1326,559,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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Description: Shell to
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<quantity id="2E05DC9F4F650360280AD4CEFD15FBE4" box="[567,652,999,1025]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
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long with 45 whorls, ovately conic, greenbrown, with lateral brownpurple bands (
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<figureCitation id="71C66DFF4F650360286FD326FD24FBCC" box="[594,701,1039,1065]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1461,1485]" captionTargetBox="[421,1166,321,1434]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[421,1166,321,1435]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Radulae and shells from Harpeth River pleurocerids. A. Li. armigera laterals from The Narrows of the Harpeth State Park. B. Laterals from “ Li. ” spicula, holotype NCSM 26807. Scale bars, 50 m. C. “ Li. ” spicula, holotype NCSM 26807, 31 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170060/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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C). Sutures slightly impressed. Body whorl smooth, or with single row of small to welldeveloped tubercles; preceding whorls smooth or beaded in appearance near the suture. Aperture onehalf shell length, fusiform, with a slight anterior channel. Posterior and anterior calluses on the columella absent. Radula rachidian wider than high, with nine pointed cusps, central cusp longest and broadest. Laterals with five to seven pointed cusps, central cusp longest and broadest. Outer marginals with three to four evenly sized, rounded denticles; inner marginals with eight to twelve evenly sized, blunt denticles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B05D266FEC7F9EC" blockId="6.[264,1326,559,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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Habitat and Distribution: The species is restricted to the shoals under and immediately downstream of the Highway 100 bridge. Individuals occur sympatrically with
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6503602E80D25EFEA3FA5D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Le. praerosa</emphasis>
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on algae covered rocks and the gravel riverbed. No
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F650360298AD2B6FB8EFA5D" box="[951,1047,1439,1464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F650360298AD2B6FB8EFA5D" box="[951,1047,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Lithasia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have been found up to
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<quantity id="2E05DC9F4F6503602B35D2EEFECDFA04" box="[264,340,1479,1505]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
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upstream of the bridge, and
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F650360288DD2EEFCB4FA05" box="[688,813,1479,1504]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spicula">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F650360288DD2EEFCB4FA05" box="[688,813,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Li. spicula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is replaced by
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<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F65036029DAD2EEFBE4FA05" box="[999,1149,1479,1504]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="armigera">
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<emphasis id="DB89AD684F65036029DAD2EEFBE4FA05" box="[999,1149,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Li. armigera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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further downstream.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E942717A4F6503602B05D13EFEA3F894" blockId="6.[264,1326,559,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
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Material Examined: Tennessee (all in Harpeth River):
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036029E2D13EFBA3F9D4" box="[991,1082,1559,1585]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
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133988. Cheatham County —
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602BB3D116FE6CF9BC" box="[398,501,1599,1625]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">FLMNH</collectionCode>
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82103, near Shacklett;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F650360292FD116FCCBF9BC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[786,850,1599,1625]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">MCZ</collectionCode>
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93698, near Shacklett; UAG 555, Narrows of the Harpeth State Park;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036028AED14EFD77F964" box="[659,750,1639,1665]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
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36451, Kingston Springs;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602E0BD14EFB08F964" box="[1078,1169,1639,1665]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
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53239, near Shacklett;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602BB8D1A6FE79F94C" box="[389,480,1679,1705]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
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53240, near Shacklett. Davidson County —
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036029C1D1A6FBDEF94C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[1020,1095,1679,1705]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">ANSP</collectionCode>
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29294, near Bellevue;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602B7CD19EFE15F934" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[321,396,1719,1745]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">ANSP</collectionCode>
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69293, near Bellevue;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036028A7D19EFD7CF934" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[666,741,1719,1745]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">ANSP</collectionCode>
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69333, near Bellevue;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036029CFD19EFBA4F934" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[1010,1085,1719,1745]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">ANSP</collectionCode>
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176420, near Bellevue;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602B74D1F6FE07F91C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[329,414,1759,1785]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">FMNH</collectionCode>
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33656, near Bellevue;
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<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036028F0D1F6FCADF91C" box="[717,820,1759,1785]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">FLMNH</collectionCode>
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82068, below Bellevue;
|
||
<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602E45D1F6FB52F91C" box="[1144,1227,1759,1785]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/aasf-rm4s" name="North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">NCSM</collectionCode>
|
||
26807, Highway 100, Bellevue; UAG 405, downstream of Highway 100 bridge, near Bellevue;
|
||
<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F6503602B35D006FEFAF8AC" box="[264,355,1839,1865]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
36452, Bellevue;
|
||
<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F650360287ED006FD07F8AC" box="[579,670,1839,1865]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
53232, below Bellevue;
|
||
<collectionCode id="8FECE9BF4F65036029EDD006FBB2F8AC" box="[976,1067,1839,1865]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UMMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
53233, below Bellevue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BD8221F24F6403612B35D29CFC3EF9F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170060/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" targetBox="[421,1166,321,1434]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="E942717A4F6403612B35D29CFC3EF9F4" blockId="7.[264,1323,1461,1553]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6403612B35D29CFE10FA28" bold="true" box="[264,393,1461,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Radulae and shells from Harpeth River pleurocerids. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F64036129DAD29CFBF7FA29" box="[999,1134,1461,1484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="armigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F64036129DAD29CFBF7FA29" box="[999,1134,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Li. armigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
laterals from The Narrows of the Harpeth State Park. B. Laterals from “
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6403612965D2F1FCECFA0A" box="[856,885,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Li.</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F64036129B4D2F1FC4FFA0A" box="[905,982,1496,1519]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F64036129B4D2F1FC4FFA0A" box="[905,982,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">spicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype NCSM 26807. Scale bars, 50 m. C.
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6403612B89D2D3FDDBF9F4" box="[436,578,1530,1553]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
|
||
“Li.”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6403612BC8D2D3FDDBF9F4" box="[501,578,1530,1553]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spicula">spicula</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype NCSM 26807, 31 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E942717A4F6403612B05D144FE75F8C2" blockId="7.[264,1323,1645,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Remarks: This species is tentatively placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6403612953D144FC57F963" box="[878,974,1645,1670]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6403612953D144FC57F963" box="[878,974,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Lithasia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on conchological features. While data suggest it is not a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6403612893D1BCFC97F94B" box="[686,782,1685,1710]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6403612893D1BCFC97F94B" box="[686,782,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Lithasia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it will most likely be identified as such in the field, and keeping it in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F640361282AD194FDEEF933" box="[535,631,1725,1750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F640361282AD194FDEEF933" box="[535,631,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="38">Lithasia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will allow future researchers and agencies to collect specimens accurately. Additional data is needed to determine the true generic placement of this unique pleurocerid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BD8221F24F6B036E2B35D120FEC5F980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170061/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[479,1108,329,1517]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="E942717A4F6B036E2B35D120FEC5F980" blockId="8.[264,1323,1545,1637]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6B036E2B35D120FE12F9C4" bold="true" box="[264,395,1545,1569]" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Strict consensus of three equally parsimonious trees generated using COI data. Numbers above nodes are jackknife values = 50%, below nodes are Bremer values. Taxa identified as in Table 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E942717A4F6B036F2B05D1B0FEA4FE63" blockId="8.[264,1323,1689,1875]" lastBlockId="9.[264,1323,284,390]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">
|
||
It was thought that this population may be an example of an old, persistent, highly divergent haplotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6B036E2826D1E8FD29F93F" box="[539,688,1729,1754]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Lithasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="armigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6B036E2826D1E8FD29F93F" box="[539,688,1729,1754]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">Li. armigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similar examples have been seen in Asian freshwater snails (D. O’ Foighil pers. comm.) and proposed in North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EFD0AF94F6B036E2E72D1C0FE29F8CE" authority="Dillon and Frankis 2004" authorityName="Dillon and Frankis" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Elimia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DB89AD684F6B036E2E72D1C0FB04F8E7" box="[1103,1181,1769,1794]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="39">Elimia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D6C0C8B4F6B036E2E91D1C0FE31F8CE" author="Dillon" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" refString="Dillon, R. T. & Frankis, R. C. (2004) High levels of DNA sequence divergence in isolated populations of the freshwater snail, Goniobasis. American Malacological Bulletin, 19, 69 - 77." type="journal article" year="2004">Dillon and Frankis 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where rare, highly divergent haplotypes randomly appear at low frequencies in populations and form clades away from their cohorts. However, given the presence of a single haplotype in the Bellevue population taken from multiple individuals collected years apart and the unique radula structure, we believe it is more likely to be a new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |