185 lines
21 KiB
XML
185 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EB6FF2F4F4702CB9229747E7E3C03795">Taxonomic history and review of the Förster genera of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ADFFC81AC8D200316D8BF0634B7D922E">Awad, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C082414757D3E7113FE7BC307C799708">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5667CB8BC161E5AD2D439B56C4BFE38B">Krogmann, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2A902602554A25E7E7F712FE8F21A0DF">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DE23C7EB3C601B94D55B6C0509FFA254">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2731879FFFBE6B52FD81FE5792A2EE0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8055394" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209694342" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8055394" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2731879FFFBE6B52FD81FE5792A2EE0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2731879FFFBE6B52FD81FE5792A2EE0B" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="F46F81E5FFBE6B52FD81FE57939FE868" box="[615,973,496,523]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FD5FFE56939FE868" ID-CoL="7Z2X" ID-ENA="408505" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[697,973,496,523]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FD5FFE569378E868" bold="true" box="[697,810,496,523]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichacis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FCD7FE57939FE868" author="Forster A." box="[817,973,496,523]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FFBE6B52FD3EFDBC9309E857" box="[728,859,538,564]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FFBE6B52FD3EFDBC9309E857" blockId="37.[615,973,496,564]" box="[728,859,538,564]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<figureCitation id="37A32A0CFFBE6B52FD3EFDBC9309E857" box="[728,859,538,564]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="38.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionStartId-1="39.[189,233,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,982,1960]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,585,1925]" captionTargetId-0="figure-192@38.[189,1398,982,1960]" captionTargetId-1="figure-108@39.[189,1398,585,1925]" captionTargetPageId-0="38" captionTargetPageId-1="39" captionText-0="Fig. 22. Trichacis pisis (Walker, 1835), lectotype, ♂ (NMINH_2018_11_24)." captionText-1="Fig. 23. Trichacis tristis (Nees, 1834), neotype, ♀ (NHMW-HYM#0005319). A. Lateral habitus. B. Anterior head. C. Dorsal mesosoma and metasoma. D. Dorsal head. E. Labels." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8047317" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8047319" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8047317/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8047319/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 22–23</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FFBE6B52FF5BFDC4941EE88C" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FFBE6B52FF5BFDC49186E8C4" blockId="37.[189,1399,610,679]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F8811A7FFBE6B52FF5BFDC49186E8C4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FFBE6B52FF5BFDC49257E81E" author="Forster A." box="[189,517,610,637]" page="108" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FF5BFDC49257E81E" ID-CoL="7Z2X" authority="Forster, 1856: 108" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="108" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,517,610,637]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FF5BFDC49178E81F" box="[189,298,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichacis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FED6FDC59257E81E" author="Forster A." box="[304,517,610,637]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 115.
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFFBE6B52FDAEFDC592D0E81E" box="[584,642,611,637]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FD04FDC4946CE81E" ID-CoL="5878T" authority="(Walker, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[738,1086,610,637]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisis">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FD04FDC493D9E81F" box="[738,907,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichacis pisis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FC7EFDC49464E81E" author="Walker F." box="[920,1078,610,637]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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by subsequent designation by
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FFBE6B52FF06FD2A9182E8C4" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[224,464,652,679]" page="294" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1893">
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FF06FD2A9182E8C4" author="Ashmead W. H." box="[224,464,652,679]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref12553" refString="Ashmead W. H. 1893. Monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 45: 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead 1893: 294</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF273689FFBE6B52FF5BFD72941EE88C" blockId="37.[189,1100,724,751]" box="[189,1100,724,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F8811A7FFBE6B52FF5BFD72941EE88C" box="[189,1100,724,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FF5BFD729199E88C" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,459,724,751]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichasis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FF5BFD72917BE88D" box="[189,297,724,750]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichasis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FED6FD739199E88C" author="Forster A." box="[304,459,724,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FFBE6B52FE0EFD72929BE88C" author="Thomson C. G." box="[488,713,724,751]" page="78" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1859">
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FE0EFD72929BE88C" author="Thomson C. G." box="[488,713,724,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="69 - 87" refId="ref15345" refString="Thomson C. G. 1859. Sveriges Proctotruper. Tribus VII. Platygastrini. Ofversigt af Kongliga Ventenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar 16: 69 - 87." type="journal article" year="1859">Thomson 1859: 78</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FFBE6B52FD1EFD7293F0E88C" author="Vlug H. J." box="[760,930,724,751]" page="84" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FD1EFD7293F0E88C" author="Vlug H. J." box="[760,930,724,751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref15487" refString="Vlug H. J. 1995. Catalogue of the Platygastridae (Platygastroidea) of the world (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Hymenopterorum Catalogus 19: 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1995">Vlug 1995: 84</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(misspelling).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E7826502FFBE6B52FF5BFCBB92A2EE0B" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="AF273689FFBE6B52FF5BFCBB917DE954" blockId="37.[189,303,797,823]" box="[189,303,797,823]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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||
<heading id="F46F81E5FFBE6B52FF5BFCBB917DE954" bold="true" box="[189,303,797,823]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FF5BFCBB917DE954" bold="true" box="[189,303,797,823]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF273689FFBE6B52FF5BFCF492A2EE0B" blockId="37.[187,1399,850,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FF5BFCF4917BE90F" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,297,850,876]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FF5BFCF4917BE90F" box="[189,297,850,876]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichacis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characterized by a tuft of setae on the mesoscutellum and a round or ovoid head (as opposed to the blocky head of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FE73FCDA91A9E9F5" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[405,507,892,918]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Isocybus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FE73FCDA91A9E9F5" box="[405,507,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Isocybus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
). Species of
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||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FD69FCDA92AEE9F5" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[655,764,892,918]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FD69FCDA92AEE9F5" box="[655,764,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichacis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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typically have a smooth or finely sculptured frons with transverse striation or rugulae above the toruli. Upon its description, Förster included
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FB48FC0190A9E988" authority="(Walker, 1835" authorityYear="1835" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="didas">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FB48FC019559E9A3" box="[1198,1291,934,960]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. didas</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FAFCFC009524E9A3" author="Walker F." box="[1306,1398,934,960]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker,</bibRefCitation>
|
||
1835
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FEE9FC77924BE988" authority="(Walker, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[271,537,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FEE9FC779133E989" box="[271,353,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. pisis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FE89FC769242E988" author="Walker F." box="[367,528,976,1003]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FDB3FC7793DAE988" authority="(Walker, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[597,904,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FDB3FC77929CE989" box="[597,718,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. remulus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FD3BFC76932DE988" author="Walker F." box="[733,895,976,1003]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FC74FC76946EE989" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[914,1084,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pisis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FC74FC76946EE989" box="[914,1084,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Trichacis pisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was designated as the type species by Ashmead (1983). The NHMW includes
|
||
<specimenCount id="B99EFD00FFBE6B52FCFEFC5C93C9EE77" box="[792,923,1018,1044]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
original exemplar of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FB7BFC5C94AFEE70" baseAuthorityName="Nees" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[1181,1277,1018,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Trichacis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FB7BFC5C94AFEE70" box="[1181,1277,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. tristis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species for which there is no known type material. We here designate this specimen (NHMW-HYM#0005319) as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7023882BFFBE6B52FEEEFBE89137EE0B" box="[264,357,1102,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFFBE6B52FE6AFBEB92BEEE0B" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[396,748,1101,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFFBE6B52FE6AFBEB920FEE04" box="[396,605,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Platygaster tristis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FFBE6B52FD83FBE892BEEE0B" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[613,748,1102,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |