183 lines
20 KiB
XML
183 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="25B2514E195E7F1B5B0C797EA1268C77">Taxonomic history and review of the Förster genera of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4F739510367D2A232E5EE9336EEE209E">Awad, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4037116031C900ABF0B67C85C07D563C">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7311DB4B161FD7E9A0B949861DB5D1B4" type="email">jessica.awad@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="78599CC7F3A208B7854BE5448DEA5CFE">Krogmann, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="535C5BD3C287BF5C8975D5B465CD7A7E">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="59B7F41E3D3079360054517B99B5B978" type="email">lars.krogmann@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E0CF2B11B32DFFD50148EFE2362ECE5C">Talamas, Elijah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="94D40A9657F5169BDF25F10032694B19" type="email">elijah.talamas@fdacs.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="BF8A8EB6856D8D7041C204FF01F47BE6">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C952998113B9358D3C694AAF218FBC2E">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="4BD8428FCA0B6300C2145EF35D4C530E" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.875.2137</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2731879FFF916B7DFE82FE6693DFE9B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8055308" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209694204" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8055308" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2731879FFF916B7DFE82FE6693DFE9B5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2731879FFF916B7DFE82FE6693DFE9B5" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF916B7DFE82FE669291EBB9" box="[356,707,447,474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF916B7DFE82FE669291EBB9" blockId="10.[356,1231,447,474]" box="[356,707,447,474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="F46F81E5FF916B7DFE82FE669291EBB9" box="[356,707,447,474]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFE50FE199291EBB9" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[438,707,447,474]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Ectadius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFE50FE199272EBB9" bold="true" box="[438,544,447,474]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ectadius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFDCEFE669291EBB9" author="Forster A." box="[552,707,447,474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF916B7DFD2CFE66949DEBB9" box="[714,1231,447,474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF916B7DFD2CFE66949DEBB9" blockId="10.[356,1231,447,474]" box="[714,1231,447,474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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(junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFC52FE669495EBB9" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[948,1223,447,474]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Synopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFC52FE669471EBB9" box="[948,1059,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Synopeas</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFBCCFE669495EBB9" author="Forster A." box="[1066,1223,447,474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF916B7DFF5BFDA3948CE813" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF916B7DFF5BFDA393DBE824" blockId="10.[189,1398,517,624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F8811A7FF916B7DFF5BFDA393DBE824" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF916B7DFF5BFDA39256E843" author="Forster A." box="[189,516,517,544]" page="108" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFF5BFDA39256E843" authority="Forster, 1856: 108" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="108" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,516,517,544]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Ectadius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFF5BFDA39176E87C" box="[189,292,517,543]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ectadius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFECDFDA09256E843" author="Forster A." box="[299,516,517,544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 113.
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFF916B7DFDACFDA092D6E843" box="[586,644,518,544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFD0EFDA3942FE843" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" box="[744,1149,517,544]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craterus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFD0EFDA3938BE87C" box="[744,985,517,543]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Platygaster craterus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFC07FDA3942FE843" author="Walker F." box="[993,1149,517,544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by monotypy. Junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFE9BFD8892DDE82B" ID-CoL="7RCK" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[381,655,557,584]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Synopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFE9BFD8891BEE82B" box="[381,492,558,584]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Synopeas</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFE15FD8892DDE82B" author="Forster A." box="[499,655,557,584]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF916B7DFD4AFD8893D6E824" author="Masner L." box="[684,900,557,584]" page="140" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1965">
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFD4AFD8893D6E824" author="Masner L." box="[684,900,557,584]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="3 - 154" refId="ref14589" refString="Masner L. 1965. The types of Proctotrupoidea (Hymenoptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) and in the Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Entomology Supplement 1: 3 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 97756" type="journal article" year="1965">Masner 1965: 140</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF916B7DFF5BFDF3948CE813" blockId="10.[189,1398,517,624]" box="[189,1246,597,624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F8811A7FF916B7DFF5BFDF3948CE813" box="[189,1246,597,624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF916B7DFF5BFDF3924FE80C" author="Forster A." box="[189,541,597,624]" page="144" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFF5BFDF3924FE80C" authority="Forster, 1856: 144" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="144" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,541,597,624]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polymecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFF5BFDF3916EE80C" box="[189,316,597,623]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polymecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFEA5FDF3924FE80C" author="Forster A." box="[323,541,597,624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856: 144</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Unnecessary replacement name for
|
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFC2BFDF39488E813" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[973,1242,597,624]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Ectadius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFC2BFDF39466E80C" box="[973,1076,597,623]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ectadius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFBDDFDF39488E813" author="Forster A." box="[1083,1242,597,624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E7826502FF916B7DFF5BFD3D93DFE9B5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="AF273689FF916B7DFF5BFD3D917DE8D6" blockId="10.[189,303,667,693]" box="[189,303,667,693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<heading id="F46F81E5FF916B7DFF5BFD3D917DE8D6" bold="true" box="[189,303,667,693]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFF5BFD3D917DE8D6" bold="true" box="[189,303,667,693]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="AF273689FF916B7DFF5BFD6893DFE9B5" blockId="10.[189,1399,718,982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
In the addendum,
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFE7CFD68921AE88A" author="Forster A." box="[410,584,718,745]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster (1856)</bibRefCitation>
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||
unnecessarily proposed the replacement name
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFB6FFD689559E88B" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1161,1291,718,744]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polymecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFB6FFD689559E88B" box="[1161,1291,718,744]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Polymecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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to avoid confusion with the plant genus
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFDD4FD53930BE973" authority="E. Mey. Forster" authorityName="E. Mey. Forster" box="[562,857,757,784]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Platygastridae" genus="Ectadium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFDD4FD5392F0E96C" box="[562,674,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ectadium</emphasis>
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E.Mey. Förster
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</taxonomicName>
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distinguished
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFBE0FD53943FE96C" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1030,1133,757,783]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Ectadius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFBE0FD53943FE96C" box="[1030,1133,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ectadius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFB51FD509574E973" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1207,1318,758,784]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Synopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFB51FD509574E973" box="[1207,1318,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Synopeas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the elongate female metasoma in the former. It was later treated as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFB7CFCBB955BE954" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1178,1289,797,823]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Synopeas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFB7CFCBB955BE954" box="[1178,1289,797,823]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Synopeas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFAD3FCB8915DE93C" author="Fouts R. M." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 145" refId="ref13360" refString="Fouts R. M. 1924. Revision of the North American wasps of the subfamily Platygasterinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 63 (2484): 1 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.63 - 2484.1" type="journal article" year="1924">Fouts (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFDE3FCE3923EE93C" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[517,620,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Ectadius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFDE3FCE3923EE93C" box="[517,620,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ectadius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF916B7DFD68FCE39476E903" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" box="[654,1060,837,864]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF916B7DFD68FCE3932DE93C" box="[654,895,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Platygaster craterus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF916B7DFC60FCE39476E903" author="Walker F." box="[902,1060,837,864]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy, for which the primary type is deposited in NMINH. The specimens in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6D5CF86BFF916B7DFCB2FCCA93F5E9E5" box="[852,935,876,902]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Vienna</collectingRegion>
|
||
are original exemplars, likely provided by Walker himself and used in the original description of the genus. They are identical to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7023882BFF916B7DFAEDFC329525E9CD" box="[1291,1399,916,942]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="7023882BFF916B7DFF09FC1A91DFE9B5" box="[239,397,956,982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
except for being somewhat lighter in color.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |