177 lines
20 KiB
XML
177 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="378FB13660C42E0077D840A52517809D">Taxonomic history and review of the Förster genera of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E6FABAD4750E4FDA47F90A16F001837E">Awad, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3563D11BC658C93CD77AA2FCA467BDEE">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AAF366226C1524E76C55F66753970F5E">Krogmann, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DEE336CCBFE5EA2E8245B73D69690E7">State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. FDACS-DPI, 1911 SW 34 St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E961682382B29E184FB6BE31F5B4C73" type="email">lars.krogmann@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B4C49A3DE38C8DA71C32E14C4D53E57E">Talamas, Elijah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="28BED254245CC810B066A84729F5B6E6">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="2731879FFF866B6AFEA7FC519551EC6E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8055367" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209694292" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8055367" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2731879FFF866B6AFEA7FC519551EC6E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2731879FFF866B6AFEA7FC519551EC6E" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF866B6AFEA7FC5192EFEE71" box="[321,701,1014,1042]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF866B6AFEA7FC5192EFEE71" blockId="29.[321,1267,1014,1042]" box="[321,701,1014,1042]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="F46F81E5FF866B6AFEA7FC5192EFEE71" box="[321,701,1014,1042]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFE75FC5092EFEE71" authority="Forster, 1856" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[403,701,1014,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polygnotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFE75FC509248EE72" bold="true" box="[403,538,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Polygnotus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFDC7FC5192EFEE71" author="Forster A." box="[545,701,1015,1042]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF866B6AFD22FC5194A1EE72" box="[708,1267,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF866B6AFD22FC5194A1EE72" blockId="29.[321,1267,1014,1042]" box="[708,1267,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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(junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFC48FC5194B8EE72" authority="Latreille, 1809" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[942,1258,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFC48FC519467EE72" box="[942,1077,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFBDAFC5194B8EE72" author="Latreille P. A." box="[1084,1258,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref14331" refString="Latreille P. A. 1809. Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum Secundum Ordinem Naturalis in Familias Disposita, Iconibus Exemplisque Plurimis Explicata. Vol. IV. Amand Konig, Paris." type="book" year="1809">Latreille, 1809</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF866B6AFF5BFB91955AEE10" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF866B6AFF5BFB91955AEE10" blockId="29.[189,1399,1079,1139]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F8811A7FF866B6AFF5BFB91955AEE10" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF866B6AFF5BFB919276EE32" author="Forster A." box="[189,548,1079,1106]" page="108" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFF5BFB919276EE32" authority="Forster, 1856: 108" authorityName="Forster" authorityPageNumber="108" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,548,1079,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polygnotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFF5BFB919113EE32" box="[189,321,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Polygnotus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFEAFFB9E9276EE32" author="Forster A." box="[329,548,1079,1106]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref13272" refString="Forster A. 1856. Hymenopterologische Studien. II. Heft. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen." type="book" year="1856">Förster, 1856: 108</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 115, 116.
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFF866B6AFD40FB9E92B2EE31" box="[678,736,1080,1106]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFCA0FB919481EE32" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[838,1235,1079,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolatus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFCA0FB919416EE32" box="[838,1092,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster striolatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFBA8FB9E9481EE32" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[1102,1235,1079,1106]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by monotypy and original designation. Junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFD1EFBFF9461EE10" ID-CoL="6RTS" authority="Latreille, 1809" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[760,1075,1113,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFD1EFBFF932DEE10" box="[760,895,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFC60FBFF9461EE10" author="Latreille P. A." box="[902,1075,1113,1139]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref14331" refString="Latreille P. A. 1809. Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum Secundum Ordinem Naturalis in Familias Disposita, Iconibus Exemplisque Plurimis Explicata. Vol. IV. Amand Konig, Paris." type="book" year="1809">Latreille, 1809</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="2E391098FF866B6AFBB6FBFF9556EE10" author="Fouts R. M." box="[1104,1284,1113,1139]" page="67" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1920">
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFBB6FBFF9556EE10" author="Fouts R. M." box="[1104,1284,1113,1139]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref13326" refString="Fouts R. M. 1920. Some new parasites, with remarks on the genus Platygaster. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 22 (4): 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1920">Fouts 1920: 67</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E7826502FF866B6AFF5BFB3F9551EC6E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF866B6AFF5BFB3F917DEED0" blockId="29.[189,303,1177,1203]" box="[189,303,1177,1203]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<heading id="F46F81E5FF866B6AFF5BFB3F917DEED0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1177,1203]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFF5BFB3F917DEED0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1177,1203]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AF273689FF866B6AFF5BFB609210EFC8" blockId="29.[189,1399,1222,1452]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFF5BFB609112EE83" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,320,1222,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polygnotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFF5BFB609112EE83" box="[189,320,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Polygnotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described as having a wide head with strong sculpture, a cushion-shaped mesoscutellum, and a mesoscutal lamella. It resembles
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFD78FB4E9355EF61" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[670,775,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Isocybus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFD78FB4E9355EF61" box="[670,775,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Isocybus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in size and sculpture, but lacks the tuft of setae on the mesoscutellum.
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<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFE48FAAC9218EF47" author="Fouts R. M." box="[430,586,1290,1316]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref13326" refString="Fouts R. M. 1920. Some new parasites, with remarks on the genus Platygaster. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 22 (4): 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1920">Fouts (1920)</bibRefCitation>
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considered it a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFC11FAAC942DEF47" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[1015,1151,1290,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFC11FAAC942DEF47" box="[1015,1151,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The type species is
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFF59FA8A9218EF25" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[191,586,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolata">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFF59FA8A91EAEF25" box="[191,440,1324,1350]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster striolata</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFE59FA8A9218EF25" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[447,586,1324,1350]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the type specimen of which is unknown. The NHMW includes an original exemplar of
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<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFE4AFAE89265EF0B" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[428,567,1358,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolata">
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<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFE4AFAE89265EF0B" box="[428,567,1358,1384]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Pl. striolata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which bears a label consistent with Nees’s style, as well as the
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<typeStatus id="7023882BFF866B6AFAF7FAE89525EF0B" box="[1297,1399,1358,1384]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFF38FAD69249EFEA" authority="Forster, 1861" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1861" box="[222,539,1391,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polygnotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFF38FAD69123EFEA" box="[222,369,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Po. signatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFE9DFAD69249EFEA" author="Forster A." box="[379,539,1391,1418]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref13294" refString="Forster A. 1861. Ein Tag in den hoch Alpen. Programm der Realschule zu Aachen fur das Schuljahr 1860 / 61. J. J. Beaufort, Aachen." type="book" year="1861">Förster, 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on the authenticity of the label, we here designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="7023882BFF866B6AFB0BFAD69518EFE9" box="[1261,1354,1392,1418]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFF5BFA37926CEFC8" authority="Nees, 1834" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1834" box="[189,574,1425,1452]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFF5BFA3791FDEFC8" box="[189,431,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster striolata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFE50FA34926CEFC8" author="Nees von Esenbeck C. G." box="[438,574,1425,1452]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref14863" refString="Nees von Esenbeck C. G. 1834. Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus Affinium, Monographiae, Genera Europaea et Species Illustrantes, Vol. 2. J. G. Cottae, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1834">Nees, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF273689FF866B6AFF5BFA779551EC6E" blockId="29.[189,1399,1489,1550]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The NHMW also houses original exemplars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFD29FA779475EF8F" authority="Walker, 1835" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1835" box="[719,1063,1489,1516]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Platygaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFD29FA7793D9EF88" box="[719,907,1489,1515]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Platygaster orus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CB094B78FF866B6AFC76FA779475EF8F" author="Walker F." box="[912,1063,1489,1516]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="217 - 274" refId="ref15582" refString="Walker F. 1835. On the species of Platygaster, & c. The Entomological Magazine 3: 217 - 274." type="journal article" year="1835">Walker, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="7023882BFF866B6AFBD2FA749435EF8F" box="[1076,1127,1490,1516]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen in NHMUK), which was considered by Förster to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68984D0AFF866B6AFD3CFA55930CEC6E" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1856" box="[730,862,1523,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Polygnotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DECEA9BFF866B6AFD3CFA55930CEC6E" box="[730,862,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Polygnotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but was never formally transferred.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |