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<document id="BC25F50E5B07C7A165F81A895BBEFFFC" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2023.12.4.362" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13163137" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722571782908" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Chae, Hyun Sook, Yang, Ho Jin &amp; Seo, Bum Sik Min and Ji Eun" docDate="2023" docId="03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.12.4.362-367.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 12 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Bicrisia edwardsiana" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="366" masterDocId="FFFDFFAAB54DF42A5B78D07D9A1F7E44" masterDocTitle="Three new records of Korean cyclostomatous bryozoans" masterLastPageNumber="367" masterPageNumber="362" pageNumber="365" updateTime="1722576924159" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="D505E3B63A7F755237CD92B76F53FDAA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="18A8AE4E66E300D23DCB26E7A86EB928">
<mods:title id="DD4951CD1970072E21105A457C457C72">Three new records of Korean cyclostomatous bryozoans</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BA870D13C630C39ABAD4F012F9DECC2A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E44D007707B906894F1FBE1DE383804F">
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<mods:namePart id="F2947C31AAA885326629CA73A07A40CA">Chae, Hyun Sook</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4423778F0B64514EA1279930F8E67A8C">Department of Life Science, Woosuk University, Jincheon 27841, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B6726B5C737961F00FB40C262D459D00">Yang, Ho Jin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5DD9FCB33ED78F308D6D7C4A8B1FF48A">Marine Bryozoans Resources Bank of Korea, Jincheon 27841, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role id="FE948A7F8B835E6AD4724D3F46B91BCC">
<mods:roleTerm id="608F80F850E6DD16C6279A6C6A8DB004">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2CAECD4D759AD1FF402D0A2AE8E1CC10">Seo, Bum Sik Min and Ji Eun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="EE6815D65BA502B9F757527541E68AB8">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="559D06913A1BE9AE0738BAD8552700A9">
<mods:date id="CFCACDD166C9F11EB793B03D539CFB29">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="454475C55E1C0180452A548A7ACBD908" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0D407444EE76E1C72AFCC88958555EF9">12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="23D82BF2D4A87FA517589175D7490E96">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="311884437B32CDB815C2B78FFD64717B">362</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="587C8C1C94C40C0941E84A70E523A6F1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EAA5D1F753F81A692B2D424C3DFFEBA3" type="DOI">10.12651/JSR.2023.12.4.362</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D3487B9E73C80EBB73D0FB84D69B2E2F" type="ISSN">2713-8615</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CBDD21C1EB187C3EF3EB39F81F8B64AB" type="Zenodo-Dep">13163137</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<subSubSection id="C377654FB54EF4295BD6D54798CA7B16" box="[174,725,1337,1362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF4295BD6D54798CA7B16" blockId="3.[174,725,1337,1362]" box="[174,725,1337,1362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<heading id="D09A81A8B54EF4295BD6D54798CA7B16" bold="true" box="[174,725,1337,1362]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BD6D54798CA7B16" bold="true" box="[174,725,1337,1362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
3.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295BB1D547989F7B16" ID-CoL="LRVD" authority="(d'Orbigny, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[201,640,1337,1362]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BB1D5479BAF7B15" bold="true" box="[201,432,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Bicrisia edwardsiana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B54EF4295AC4D54798667B16" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[444,633,1338,1362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" refId="ref2892" refString="d'Orbigny, A. D. 1841. Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale Vol. 5, part 4: Zoophytes. P. Bertrand; V. Levrault, Paris; Strasbourg (Text: 1847: 7 - 28; Plates 1,3, 5 (1841); Plates 2,4,6 - 3 (1842 )). Bryozoans figured in 1842, described in 1847." type="book" year="1841">d’Orbigny, 1841</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF42959F4D54798D27B16" box="[652,717,1338,1362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377654FB54EF4295BD6D52799157BF6" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF4295BD6D527987C7B36" blockId="3.[174,779,1370,1459]" box="[174,611,1370,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7D11EAB54EF4295BD6D527987C7B36" box="[174,611,1370,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACC10D5B54EF4295BD6D52798417B36" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[174,606,1370,1394]" page="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" year="1841">
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295BD6D52798417B36" authority="d'Orbigny, 1841: 8" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1841" box="[174,606,1370,1394]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Crisidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BD6D5279B8F7B36" box="[174,400,1370,1394]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Crisidia edwardsiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B54EF4295AEED52798417B36" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[406,606,1370,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" refId="ref2892" refString="d'Orbigny, A. D. 1841. Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale Vol. 5, part 4: Zoophytes. P. Bertrand; V. Levrault, Paris; Strasbourg (Text: 1847: 7 - 28; Plates 1,3, 5 (1841); Plates 2,4,6 - 3 (1842 )). Bryozoans figured in 1842, described in 1847." type="book" year="1841">d’Orbigny, 1841: 8</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF4295BD6D50699157BF6" blockId="3.[174,779,1370,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7D11EAB54EF4295BD6D50699157BF6" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295BD6D5069B877BD6" ID-CoL="LRVD" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[174,408,1402,1426]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BD6D5069B877BD6" box="[174,408,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Bicrisia edwardsiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0ACC10D5B54EF4295AD0D50698407BD6" author="Borg, F." box="[424,607,1402,1427]" page="351" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" year="1926">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B54EF4295AD0D50698407BD6" author="Borg, F." box="[424,607,1402,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" pagination="181 - 507" refId="ref2713" refString="Borg, F. 1926. Studies on Recent cyclostomatous Bryozoa. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 10: 181 - 507." type="journal article" year="1926">Borg, 1926: 351</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACC10D5B54EF4295916D5079AF07BF6" author="Osburn, R. C." page="676" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B54EF4295916D5079AF07BF6" author="Osburn, R. C." pageId="3" pageNumber="365" pagination="613 - 841" refId="ref3025" refString="Osburn, R. C. 1953. Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America part 3. Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Entoprocta, and Addenda. Allan Hancock Pacific Hancock Pacific Expedi- tions 14 (3): 613 - 841." type="journal article" year="1953">Osburn, 1953: 676</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Gordon, 2016: 605;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACC10D5B54EF4295AB4D5E699197BF6" author="Branch, M. L. &amp; P. J. Hayward" box="[460,774,1434,1459]" page="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B54EF4295AB4D5E699197BF6" author="Branch, M. L. &amp; P. J. Hayward" box="[460,774,1434,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref2735" refString="Branch, M. L. and P. J. Hayward. 2007. The Bryozoa of subantarctic Marion and Prince Edward Islands: illustrated keys to the species and results of the 1982 - 1989 University of Cape Town surveys. African Journal of Marine Science 29 (1): 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="2007">Branch and Hayward, 2007: 5</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377654FB54EF4295BD6D5A6986178D0" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF4295BD6D5A698137830" blockId="3.[174,779,1499,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BD6D5A69B8E7BB7" bold="true" box="[174,401,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B053C99B54EF4295AE2D5A198B57857" collectingDate="1981-07-25" country="South Korea" elevation="15" location="Chenogsando Island" municipality="Wando-gun" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
<collectingCountry id="F37A7654B54EF4295AE2D5A19BC07BB7" box="[410,479,1500,1523]" name="South Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49A9F826B54EF4295A93D5A698617BB7" box="[491,638,1499,1523]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB6ACBEB54EF42959F1D5A699187BB7" box="[649,775,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Wando-gun</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EB2601FB54EF4295BD6D5869B977857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9:8EB2601FB54EF4295BD6D5869B977857" box="[174,392,1531,1555]" country="South Korea" municipality="Wando-gun" name="Chenogsando Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Chenogsando Island</location>
,
<date id="FFD31004B54EF4295AECD586983C7850" box="[404,547,1531,1556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="1981-07-25">
<collectingDate id="EF97E9ECB54EF4295AECD586983C7850" box="[404,547,1531,1556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="1981-07-25">25 July 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
, depth
<quantity id="4C959B21B54EF429590AD58698B57857" box="[626,682,1531,1555]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="15.0">
<elevation id="0040D1F7B54EF429590AD58698B57857" box="[626,682,1531,1555]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B053C99B54EF42959CED5869B977810" collectingDate="1985-06-16" collectingDateMax="1990-07-22" collectingDateMin="1985-06-16" country="Korea" county="Seogwipo-si" location="Sangchujado Island" municipality="Gapado Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeju">
<collectingRegion id="49A9F826B54EF42959CED58699187857" box="[694,775,1531,1555]" country="South Korea" name="Jeju" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Jeju-do</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62B34E48B54EF4295BD6D6619B2C7870" box="[174,307,1564,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Seogwipo-si</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB6ACBEB54EF4295A47D6619BC57870" box="[319,474,1564,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Gapado Island</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFD31004B54EF4295A9ED66198687870" box="[486,631,1564,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="1985-06-16">
<collectingDate id="EF97E9ECB54EF4295A9ED66198687870" box="[486,631,1564,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="1985-06-16">16 June 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<location id="8EB2601FB54EF42959FBD6619AEF7810" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9:8EB2601FB54EF42959FBD6619AEF7810" country="Korea" county="Seogwipo-si" municipality="Gapado Island" name="Sangchujado Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" stateProvince="Jeju">Sangchujado Island</location>
,
<date id="FFD31004B54EF4295B84D6419B977810" box="[252,392,1596,1620]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="1990-07-22">
<collectingDate id="EF97E9ECB54EF4295B84D6419B977810" box="[252,392,1596,1620]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="1990-07-22">22 July 1990</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B053C99B54EF4295AEBD64198137830" collectingDate="2020-06-16" country="Korea" elevation="20" location="Geomundo Island" municipality="Yeosu-si" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" specimenCount="20" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
<collectingRegion id="49A9F826B54EF4295AEBD641983B7810" box="[403,548,1596,1620]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB6ACBEB54EF4295956D64198947810" box="[558,651,1596,1620]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Yeosu-si</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EB2601FB54EF42959EED6419AEF7830" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487D2B54EF42E5BD6D5479B1179D9:8EB2601FB54EF42959EED6419AEF7830" country="Korea" municipality="Yeosu-si" name="Geomundo Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Geomundo Island</location>
,
<date id="FFD31004B54EF4295B82D6219B977830" box="[250,392,1628,1652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="2020-06-16">
<collectingDate id="EF97E9ECB54EF4295B82D6219B977830" box="[250,392,1628,1652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" value="2020-06-16">16 June 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
, depth
<specimenCount id="9D6BFD4DB54EF4295AAAD62198137830" box="[466,524,1628,1652]" count="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C959B21B54EF4295AAAD62198167830" box="[466,521,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="20.0">
<elevation id="0040D1F7B54EF4295AAAD62198167830" box="[466,521,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF4295BD6D601986178D0" blockId="3.[174,779,1499,1975]" box="[174,638,1660,1684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BD6D6019B2378D0" bold="true" box="[174,316,1660,1684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Substratum.</emphasis>
Other bryozoan and seaweed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377654FB54EF4295BD6D6E099F87850" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF4295BD6D6E099F87850" blockId="3.[174,779,1499,1975]" lastBlockId="3.[839,1444,1241,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295BD6D6E09B2578F1" bold="true" box="[174,314,1693,1717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Description.</emphasis>
Colony erect, articulated branching, small, delicate, slender, curved forward (
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF4295951D6C098B97891" box="[553,678,1725,1749]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4A, D</figureCitation>
). Branch ramified at first zooid. Internodes narrowing proximally, beginning with one zooid, two to four zooids, only one internode of six; sterile internodes short, 443
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF42959FFD75F98897972" bold="true" box="[647,662,1826,1846]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
743 (588± 11) μm long, alternately situated two to four zooids; fertile internode comprising three zooids, 493
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295927D71F98717932" bold="true" box="[607,622,1890,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
564 (528±49) μm long (
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF4295A6ED7029B9279D3" box="[278,397,1919,1943]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
). Zooids forward, 76
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295909D7FE989F79D3" bold="true" box="[625,640,1923,1943]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
186 (117±4) μm long × 67
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295A41D7DE9B5779F3" bold="true" box="[313,328,1955,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
76 (70±4) μm wide, slender, elongate peristome, slit-shaped pseudopores, with numerous jointed spines arising at base side of peristome (
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF4295F9FD4849F497B55" box="[1255,1366,1273,1297]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4B, C</figureCitation>
). Aperture circular, 38
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295885D5639E137B76" bold="true" box="[1021,1036,1310,1330]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
61 (48±8) μm diameter. Gonozooid placed at second zooid, erect, oval, slit-shaped pseudopores, longer than wide, 336
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295F07D5239E917B36" bold="true" box="[1151,1166,1374,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
365 (351±20) μm long × 199
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295817D50399617BD6" bold="true" box="[879,894,1406,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">-</emphasis>
248 (223±33) μm wide (
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF4295FF3D5079F1C7BD6" box="[1163,1283,1402,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4A, C</figureCitation>
). Ooeciostome oval, short, bent, located at near distal end on dorsal, facing forward (
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF42958A0D5C69E2D7B97" box="[984,1074,1467,1491]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surface with slit-shaped pseudopores and transverse lines, constricted, curved inward (
<figureCitation id="13562A41B54EF42958FFD58699C47850" box="[903,987,1531,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" captionTargetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[180,1377,259,1128]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Bicrisia edwardsiana (d’Orbigny, 1841). A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars:A =1 mm; B-D=500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377654FB54EF42E583FD66198877918" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF429583FD66199C87932" blockId="3.[839,1444,1241,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF429583FD66199A97870" bold="true" box="[839,950,1564,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Remarks.</emphasis>
Korean
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295F68D6619EAC7870" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[1040,1203,1564,1588]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295F68D6619EAC7870" box="[1040,1203,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">B. edwardsiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the gonozooid situated in the second zooid, always ramified from the first zooid, the forward bent ooeciostome near the distal end on the dorsal side of the gonozooid, and the jointed spines arising at base of peristome. The locations of the gonozooid and ooeciostome are important characteristics in identifying the species of the genus. In Osburn’ description, a characteristic feature of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295F9BD6839F957951" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[1251,1418,1789,1813]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295F9BD6839F957951" box="[1251,1418,1789,1813]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">B. edwardsiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is “the position of the ooeciostome on the dorsal side near the distal end” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B54EF429588DD7439E917912" author="Osburn, R. C." box="[1013,1166,1854,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" pagination="613 - 841" refId="ref3025" refString="Osburn, R. C. 1953. Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America part 3. Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Entoprocta, and Addenda. Allan Hancock Pacific Hancock Pacific Expedi- tions 14 (3): 613 - 841." type="journal article" year="1953">Osburn, 1953</bibRefCitation>
), which agrees well with our materials.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B54EF42E5826D7029ACE789F" blockId="3.[839,1444,1241,1975]" lastBlockId="4.[144,750,1279,1949]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">
All of six species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295F45D7029E8F79D2" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1853" box="[1085,1168,1919,1942]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295F45D7029E8F79D2" box="[1085,1168,1919,1942]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">Bicrisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been recognized:
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295EF5D7029E2179F3" authority="Kluge, 1962" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1962" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295EF5D70299AA79F3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">B. abyssicola</emphasis>
Kluge, 1962
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B54EF4295F31D7DD9FBF79F3" authority="(MacGillivray, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="MacGillivray" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1097,1440,1951,1975]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="365" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="biciliata">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B54EF4295F31D7DD9EA279F3" box="[1097,1213,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="365">B. biciliata</emphasis>
(MacGillivray, 1869)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5BE8D57D9BE57B5C" authority="(d'Orbigny, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[144,506,1279,1304]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5BE8D57D9B2B7B53" box="[144,308,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. edwardsiana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B549F42E5A38D57D9BED7B5C" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[320,498,1280,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" refId="ref2892" refString="d'Orbigny, A. D. 1841. Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale Vol. 5, part 4: Zoophytes. P. Bertrand; V. Levrault, Paris; Strasbourg (Text: 1847: 7 - 28; Plates 1,3, 5 (1841); Plates 2,4,6 - 3 (1842 )). Bryozoans figured in 1842, described in 1847." type="book" year="1841">d’Orbigny, 1841</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E597ED57D9B207B7C" authority="Mawatari &amp; Mawatari, 1973" authorityName="Mawatari &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="1973" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E597ED57D987B7B53" box="[518,612,1280,1303]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. erecta</emphasis>
Mawatari &amp; Mawatari, 1973
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5A34D55D98A67B7C" authority="Harmelin, 1990" authorityName="Harmelin" authorityYear="1990" box="[332,697,1312,1336]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="gibraltarensis">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5A34D55D981D7B7C" box="[332,514,1312,1336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. gibraltarensis</emphasis>
Harmelin, 1990
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5BE8D53C98777B1C" authority="Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1995" authorityName="Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney" authorityYear="1995" box="[144,616,1344,1368]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="robertsonae">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5BE8D53C9B357B1C" box="[144,298,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. robertsonae</emphasis>
Soule, Soule &amp; Chaney, 1995
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B549F42E590BD53D9AD77B3D" author="Chae, H. S. &amp; H. J. Kil &amp; K. Zagorsek &amp; J. E. Seo" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" pagination="348 - 353" refId="ref2792" refString="Chae, H. S., H. J. Kil, K. Zagorsek and J. E. Seo. 2018. Four Korean Cyclostomatous Bryozoans - new additions to the Korean fauna. Journal of Species Research 7 (4): 348 - 353." type="journal article" year="2018">
Chae
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E59C9D53C98F97B1C" box="[689,742,1344,1368]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
; www.bryozoan.net/cyclostomata/crisiidae/bicrisia. html -
<date id="FFD31004B549F42E5BA0D5FC9B787BDD" box="[216,359,1409,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" value="2023-07-21">21 July 2023</date>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5A02D5FC98457BDC" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[378,602,1408,1432]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5A02D5FC98457BDC" box="[378,602,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Bicrisia edwardsiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E59AED5FC9ACF7BFD" authorityName="Mawatari &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="1973" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E59AED5FC9ACF7BFD" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. erecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F37A7654B549F42E5A6BD5DC9B507BFC" box="[275,335,1441,1464]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Japan</collectingCountry>
in the shape and location of the gonozooid is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5AC1D5BF98087B9D" authorityName="Mawatari &amp; Mawatari" authorityYear="1973" box="[441,535,1474,1497]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5AC1D5BF98087B9D" box="[441,535,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. erecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the forward facing ooeciostome on gonozooid and by fertile internodes comprised of three zooids. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E593ED67F98F2785E" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[582,749,1538,1562]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E593ED67F98F2785E" box="[582,749,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. edwardsiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has characteristics in common with
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E597FD65E9864787E" baseAuthorityName="MacGillivray" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[519,635,1570,1594]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="biciliata">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E597FD65E9864787E" box="[519,635,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. biciliata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F37A7654B549F42E59C1D65F9ADA781E" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Australia</collectingCountry>
in the shape of the gonozooid and the location and shape of the ooeciostome. The colony of both species always branches from the first zooid.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5950D6FE98BF78DF" baseAuthorityName="MacGillivray" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[552,672,1667,1691]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="biciliata">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5950D6FE98BF78DF" box="[552,672,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. biciliata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in the location of the gonozooid, which replaces the third zooid.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF12664CB549F42E5BE8D4F49E0B7AFD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13163145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13163145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13163145/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" startId="4.[144,177,1161,1183]" targetBox="[180,1377,259,1128]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B549F42E5BE8D4F49E0B7AFD" blockId="4.[144,1413,1161,1209]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5BE8D4F49AD17ADA" bold="true" box="[144,206,1161,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5BADD4F498567ADA" authority="(d'Orbigny, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[213,585,1161,1183]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5BADD4F49B857ADA" box="[213,410,1161,1182]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Bicrisia edwardsiana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B35B549F42E5ADDD4F4985D7ADA" author="d'Orbigny, A. D." box="[421,578,1161,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" refId="ref2892" refString="d'Orbigny, A. D. 1841. Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale Vol. 5, part 4: Zoophytes. P. Bertrand; V. Levrault, Paris; Strasbourg (Text: 1847: 7 - 28; Plates 1,3, 5 (1841); Plates 2,4,6 - 3 (1842 )). Bryozoans figured in 1842, described in 1847." type="book" year="1841">d’Orbigny, 1841</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. A, Colony showing autozooidal arrangement with gonozooid; B, Internodes and jointed spines; C, Gonozooids and ooeciostomes; D, Dorsal surface. Scale bars: A =1 mm; B
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E58EED4D599BD7AFD" bold="true" box="[918,930,1192,1209]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">-</emphasis>
D = 500 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B549F42E5BDED69998877918" blockId="4.[144,750,1279,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">
The materials of Chenogsando Island and Sangchujado Island lacks gonozooids, but the shape of colonies and autozoid, the number of autozooid per internode, and the position of spine us to consider it
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D47B549F42E5A97D738988D7918" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[495,658,1860,1884]" class="Stenolaemata" family="Crisiidae" genus="Bicrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="edwardsiana">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5A97D738988D7918" box="[495,658,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">B. edwardsiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377654FB549F42E5BE8D7189B1179D9" pageId="4" pageNumber="366" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD236C4B549F42E5BE8D7189B1179D9" blockId="4.[144,750,1279,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B919EAD6B549F42E5BE8D7189B3A7939" bold="true" box="[144,293,1893,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F37A7654B549F42E5A56D7189B707938" box="[302,367,1893,1916]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="366">Korea</collectingCountry>
(South Sea and Jujudo Island) and widespread.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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