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<mods:title id="97B08FE93E8886BB00D4E124FA757448">Untold diversity: the astonishing species richness of the Notodelphyidae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida), a family of symbiotic copepods associated with ascidians (Tunicata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="877A500D3850575C1D49257BCDED291E">Kim, Il-Hoi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE9A0B85C463D5090C1BE09F5C61B96C">Korea Institute of Coastal Ecology, Inc., 802 - ho, 302 - dong, 397 Seokcheon-ro, Ojeong-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14449, Republic of Korea ® ihkim @ gwnu. ac. kr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7332 - 0043</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="707FF97A97B90B0B2ED121808F6D4512">Boxshall, Geoff A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="77E94D363B85C45E73418C004F43D1B7">Korea Institute of Coastal Ecology, Inc., 802 - ho, 302 - dong, 397 Seokcheon-ro, Ojeong-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14449, Republic of Korea ® ihkim @ gwnu. ac. kr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7332 - 0043</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AA7A54DDA1ACCE36E0357E1C359649E5">Megataxa</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3776556ED78381CFCEFFDCEFBDBFDDA" box="[810,1054,512,539]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED78381CFCEFFDCEFBDBFDDA" blockId="553.[810,1054,512,539]" box="[810,1054,512,539]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<heading id="D09A81B1ED78381CFCEFFDCEFBDBFDDA" bold="true" box="[810,1054,512,539]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFCEFFDCEFBDBFDDA" bold="true" box="[810,1054,512,539]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFCEFFDCEFC6CFDDA" authority="Kim &amp; Boxshall, 2020" authorityName="Kim &amp; Boxshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[810,937,512,539]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Gallincola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFCEFFDCEFC6CFDDA" bold="true" box="[810,937,512,539]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Gallincola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B4ED78381CFC75FDCFFBDBFDDA" box="[944,1054,513,539]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C3776556ED78381CFCEFFD8BFABDFA70" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED78381CFCEFFD8BFABDFA70" blockId="553.[810,1452,581,2070]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFCEFFD8BFC58FD9E" bold="true" box="[810,925,581,607]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Body curved ventrally. Prosome tapering anteriorly, unsegmented or indistinctly segmented, with swollen fourth pedigerous somite. Free urosome slender, consistingof genitalsomiteand 3-segmented abdomen. Caudal rami unarmed and with rounded distal margin. Rostrum with evenly convex distal margin. Antennule unsegmented or weakly segmented; setae small or absent. Antenna 4-segmented, with few setae only on second endopodal segment; terminal claw small. Labrum weak. Mandible with broad coxal gnathobase bearing strong, pronounced distalmost tooth; basiswith 1 seta; exopod with 5 setae; endopod 2-segmented, with 1 or 2 setaeon first segment and 5 setae on second. Maxillule with 9 setae on well-developed arthrite, 1 seta each on epipodite and basis, 4 on exopod, and 3 on endopod; coxal endite absent. Maxilla consisting of syncoxa, basis and 2-segmented endopod; syncoxa bearing 3, 1, and 2 setae on first to third endites, respectively; basis with claw plus 1 seta; endopod with total of 4 setae. Maxilliped unsegmented lobe with 2 or 3 setae. Legs 14 biramous with unsegmented or incompletely 2-segmented protopods; rami widely separated from each other; exopods 1- to 3-segmented; endopods muchsmaller than exopods, 1- to 3-segmented, or absentin more posterior legs. Number and size of setae on legs reduced. Leg 5 absent. Female living within discoid membranous gall on branchial tissue of host.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3776556ED78381CFC9AFA74FC46F9FB" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED78381CFC9AFA74FBF1FA34" blockId="553.[810,1452,581,2070]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFC9AFA74FC30FA12" bold="true" box="[863,1013,1465,1492]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<typeStatus id="54D6887FED78381CFC9AFA74FC5FFA15" box="[863,922,1466,1492]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFBC3FA77FB29FA12" authority="Kim &amp; Boxshall, 2020" authorityName="Kim &amp; Boxshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[1030,1260,1465,1491]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Gallincola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisetatus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFBC3FA77FB29FA12" box="[1030,1260,1465,1491]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Gallincola bisetatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFB30FA74FA6EFA15" bold="true" box="[1269,1451,1466,1492]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B4ED78381CFB30FA74FA6EFA15" box="[1269,1451,1466,1492]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED78381CFC9AFA33FC46F9FB" blockId="553.[810,1452,581,2070]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFC9AFA33FBB0F9D6" bold="true" box="[863,1141,1533,1559]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Other included species</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFB4DFA33FA8BF9D6" authority="Kim &amp; Boxshall, 2020" authorityName="Kim &amp; Boxshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[1160,1358,1533,1559]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Gallincola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFB4DFA33FA8BF9D6" box="[1160,1358,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Gallincola major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFA9CFA30FC46F9FB" bold="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B4ED78381CFA9CFA30FC46F9FB" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776556ED78381CFC9AF98CFB74F900" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED78381CFC9AF98CFB74F900" blockId="553.[810,1452,581,2070]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFC9AF98CFC25F99D" bold="true" box="[863,992,1602,1628]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name is derived from the Latin
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFA45F98FFA69F99A" box="[1408,1452,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">gall</emphasis>
(=a gall nut) and
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFC33F9ADFBF9F9BC" box="[1014,1084,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">incola</emphasis>
(an inhabitant), referring to the mode of life of the
<typeStatus id="54D6887FED78381CFC39F948FBE9F961" box="[1020,1068,1670,1696]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">type</typeStatus>
species living inside a gall formed within the host. Gender masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776556ED78381FFC9AF904FF33FE52" lastPageId="554" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED78381FFC9AF904FE7EFECA" blockId="553.[810,1452,581,2070]" lastBlockId="554.[136,778,173,403]" lastPageId="554" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFC9AF904FC09F925" bold="true" box="[863,972,1738,1764]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Remarks</emphasis>
. We consider the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFB30F904FAA6F922" authorityName="Illg &amp; Dudley" authorityYear="1961" box="[1269,1379,1738,1763]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Demoixys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFB30F904FAA6F922" box="[1269,1379,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Demoixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFB80F925FB78F8C4" authority="The" authorityName="Kim &amp; Boxshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[1093,1213,1771,1797]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Gallincola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFB80F925FB78F8C4" box="[1093,1213,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Gallincola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFB0CF922FAFDF8C7" bold="true" box="[1225,1336,1772,1798]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B4ED78381CFB0CF922FAFDF8C7" box="[1225,1336,1772,1798]" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The new genus can be distinguished from the former by the form of its urosome, which is elongate (more than 3 times longerthan wide) compared with the short (at most as long as wide) urosome in
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFB9DF8BAFB03F84C" authorityName="Illg &amp; Dudley" authorityYear="1961" box="[1112,1222,1908,1933]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Demoixys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFB9DF8BAFB03F84C" box="[1112,1222,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Demoixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Another difference is the pronounced distalmost tooth on the mandibular gnathobase, which is not prominent in
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFACAF876FAB8F810" authorityName="Illg &amp; Dudley" authorityYear="1961" box="[1295,1405,1976,2001]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Demoixys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFACAF876FAB8F810" box="[1295,1405,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Demoixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the maxillular arthrite is armed with 9 setae in the new genus compared with 7 setae at most in
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED78381CFAF8F832FA6EF7D4" authorityName="Illg &amp; Dudley" authorityYear="1961" box="[1341,1451,2044,2069]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Demoixys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="553" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED78381CFAF8F832FA6EF7D4" box="[1341,1451,2044,2069]" italics="true" pageId="553" pageNumber="554">Demoixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, and the endopod of the maxillule is distinctly articulated from the basis, while it is fused or confluent with the basis in
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED7B381FFE83FF3CFE71FECA" authorityName="Illg &amp; Dudley" authorityYear="1961" box="[326,436,242,267]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Demoixys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="554" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED7B381FFE83FF3CFE71FECA" box="[326,436,242,267]" italics="true" pageId="554" pageNumber="555">Demoixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DDED7B381FFF78FEDDFF33FE52" blockId="554.[136,778,173,403]" pageId="554" pageNumber="555">
We also note that the known hosts of the
<typeStatus id="54D6887FED7B381FFD47FEDDFD77FEEC" box="[642,690,275,301]" pageId="554" pageNumber="555">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED7B381FFF6EFEFBFEE6FE8E" authority="Kim &amp; Boxshall, 2020" authorityName="Kim &amp; Boxshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[171,291,309,335]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Gallincola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="554" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED7B381FFF6EFEFBFEE6FE8E" box="[171,291,309,335]" italics="true" pageId="554" pageNumber="555">Gallincola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B919EACFED7B381FFEEBFEFBFE59FE8E" bold="true" box="[302,412,309,335]" pageId="554" pageNumber="555">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A57B4ED7B381FFEEBFEFBFE59FE8E" box="[302,412,309,335]" pageId="554" pageNumber="555" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are solitary ascidians, whereas the known hosts of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EED7B381FFE41FE96FE37FEB0" authorityName="Illg &amp; Dudley" authorityYear="1961" box="[388,498,344,369]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Demoixys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="554" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFED7B381FFE41FE96FE37FEB0" box="[388,498,344,369]" italics="true" pageId="554" pageNumber="555">Demoixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are compound ascidians.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>