429 lines
66 KiB
XML
429 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971356" approvalRequired="59" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="59" checkinTime="1659882917898" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. & Jansa, Sharon A." docDate="2022" docId="03EFDD5DF6FE68EFDAFBFAC919C4FA25" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHist.2022.457.1-350.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.8:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Marsupialia , Illiger 1811" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="198" masterDocId="FFD6A525F63B6829DA0BFFAE1A62FFC7" masterDocTitle="Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="197" updateTime="1659987007554" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. & School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia & Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-06-28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>2022</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>457</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>353</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6971356</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFDD5DF6FE68EFDAFBFAC919C4FA25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EFDD5DF6FE68EFDAFBFAC919C4FA25" lastPageId="198" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[240,507,1383,1407]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[240,507,1383,1407]" box="[240,507,1383,1407]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<heading box="[240,507,1383,1407]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Illiger 1811" authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[240,507,1383,1407]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
||
Marsupialia,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Illiger, J." box="[383,507,1383,1407]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" refId="ref209658" refString="Illiger, J. 1811. Prodromus systematis mammalium et avium additis terminis zoographicis utriusque classis, eorumque versione Germanica. Berlin: C. Salfeld. International Committee on Veterinary Gross Anatomical Nomenclature (NAV). 2017. Nomina anatomica veterinaria, 6 th ed. Online resource (http: // www. wava-amav. org / wava-documents. html)." type="url" year="1811">Illiger 1811</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="197" pageNumber="197" type="synonymic_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[108,636,1432,1556]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
CONTENTS:
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[277,468,1432,1456]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Didelphimorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[169,328,1466,1490]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[339,506,1466,1490]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1894" box="[224,414,1499,1523]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Paucituberculata</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[431,632,1499,1523]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and †Yalkaparidontia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="197" pageNumber="197" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">STEM AGE: 59.7 Mya (95% HPD: 55.6–65.8 Mya).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">CROWN AGE: 56.2 Mya (95% HPD: 54.7–58.6 Mya).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL SYNAPOMORPHIES: Lower molars without a posterior cingulid (char. 180: 1→0; ci = 0.333).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="198" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
COMMENTS: As noted in our introduction, most recent authors restrict
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[1005,1137,490,514]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the metatherian crown clade, and we follow the node-based definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[968,1100,556,580]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[723,992,589,613]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014: 131)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: the least inclusive clade containing
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[891,1139,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Didelphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis box="[891,1139,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Didelphis marsupialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Mammalia" family="Caenolestidae" genus="Caenolestes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Caenolestes fuliginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[952,1170,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis box="[952,1170,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Phalanger orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. By contrast, †
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall and Muizon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[825,967,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[825,967,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Pucadelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="MHNC" baseAuthorityYear="1249" box="[1012,1139,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1012,1139,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Mayulestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[698,814,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Allqokirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[698,814,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Allqokirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have consistently fallen outside
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[684,817,755,779]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
in most published analyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rougier" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rougier" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="459 - 463" refId="ref225177" refString="Rougier, G. W., J. R. Wible, and M. J. Novacek. 1998. Implications of Deltatheridium specimens for early marsupial history. Nature 396: 459 - 463." type="journal article" year="1998">Rougier et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2004, 2015;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Luo, Z. - X. & Q. Ji & J. R. Wible & C. - X. Yuan" box="[1024,1208,788,812]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1934 - 1940" refId="ref214317" refString="Luo, Z. - X., Q. Ji, J. R. Wible, and C. - X. Yuan. 2003. An Early Cretaceous tribosphenic mammal and metatherian evolution. Science 302: 1934 - 1940." type="journal article" year="2003">Luo et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Luo, Z. - X. & C. X. Yuan & Q. J. Meng & Q. Ji" box="[684,740,821,845]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="442 - 445" refId="ref214402" refString="Luo, Z. - X., C. X. Yuan, Q. J. Meng, and Q. Ji. 2011. A Jurassic eutherian mammal and divergence of marsupials and placentals. Nature 476: 442 - 445." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. de Muizon" box="[758,1094,821,845]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1123 - 1154" refId="ref212594" refString="Ladeveze, S., and C. de Muizon. 2007. The auditory region of early Paleocene Pucadelphydae (Mammalia, Metatheria) from Tiupampa, Bolivia, with phylogenetic implications. Palaeontology 50 (5): 1123 - 1154." type="journal article" year="2007">Ladevèze and Muizon, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; SánchezVillagra et al., 2007;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[910,1103,854,878]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref209395" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2008. The anatomy of Herpetotherium cf. fugax Cope, 1873, a metatherian from the Oligocene of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 284 (4 - 6): 109 - 141." type="journal article" year="2008">Horovitz et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." box="[816,871,887,911]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M." box="[882,1051,887,911]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref203227" refString="Forasiepi, A. M. 2009. Osteology of Arctodictis sinclairi (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) and phylogeny of Cenozoic metatherian carnivores from South America. Monografias del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 6: 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="2009">Forasiepi, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. de Muizon" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="746 - 784" refId="ref212638" refString="Ladeveze, S., and C. de Muizon. 2010. Evidence of early evolution of Australidelphia (Metatheria, Mammalia) in South America: phylogenetic relationships of the metatherians from the late Palaeocene of Itaborai (Brazil) based on teeth and petrosal bones. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (3): 746 - 784." type="journal article" year="2010">Ladevèze and Muizon, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[848,970,920,944]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[980,1048,920,944]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williamson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williamson" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="625 - 651" refId="ref234432" refString="Williamson, T. E., S. L. Brusatte, T. D. Carr, A. Weil, and B. R. Standhardt. 2012. The phylogeny and evolution of Cretaceous-Palaeogene metatherians: cladistic analysis and description of new early Palaeocene specimens from the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10 (4): 625 - 651." type="journal article" year="2012">Williamson et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williamson" box="[808,865,953,977]" firstAuthor="Williamson" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref234502" refString="Williamson, T. E., S. L. Brusatte, and G. P. Wilson. 2014. The origin and early evolution of metatherian mammals: the Cretaceous record. Zookeys 465: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Engelman, R. K. & D. A. Croft" box="[884,1207,953,977]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="672 - 688" refId="ref201058" refString="Engelman, R. K., and D. A. Croft. 2014. A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 672 - 688." type="journal article" year="2014">Engelman and Croft, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M. & M. J. Babot & N. Zimicz" box="[684,929,986,1010]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="503 - 525" refId="ref203516" refString="Forasiepi, A. M., M. J. Babot, and N. Zimicz. 2014 a. Australohyaena antiqua (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta), a large predator from the late Oligocene of Patagonia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (6): 503 - 525." type="journal article" year="2014">Forasiepi et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson" box="[940,1151,986,1010]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="13734" refId="ref234583" refString="Wilson, G. P., E. G. Ekdale, J. W. Hoganson, J. J. Calede, and A. Vander Linden. 2016. A large carnivorous mammal from the Late Cretaceous and the North American origin of marsupials. Nature Communications 7: 13734." type="journal article" year="2016">Wilson et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="355 - 372" refId="ref196481" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 a. Systematic affinities of the extinct metatherian Eobrasilia coutoi Simpson, 1947, a South American early Eocene Stagodontidae: implications for " Eobrasiliinae. " Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 20 (3): 355 - 372." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" box="[1007,1078,1019,1043]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref196536" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 b. The Eocene South American metatherian Zeusdelphys complicatus is not a protodidelphid but a hatcheriform: Paleobiogeographic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (3): 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="2017">2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bi, S." box="[816,966,1052,1076]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="390 - 395" refId="ref193617" refString="Bi, S., et al. 2018. An Early Cretaceous eutherian and the placental-marsupial dichotomy. Nature 558 (7710): 390 - 395." type="journal article" year="2018">Bi et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[976,1142,1052,1076]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="88 - 96" refId="ref196389" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2018. A new species of Varalphadon (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) from the upper Cenomanian of southern Utah, North America: Phylogenetic and biogeographic insights. Cretaceous Research 84: 88 - 96." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[1152,1207,1052,1076]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[684,915,1085,1109]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" box="[928,1145,1085,1109]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rangel" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="263 - 289" refId="ref223051" refString="Rangel, C. C., et al. 2019. Diversity, affinities and adaptations of the basal sparassodont Patene (Mammalia, Metatheria). Ameghiniana 56 (4): 263 - 289." type="journal article" year="2019">Rangel et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" box="[869,1111,1118,1143]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Ladevèze et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Notable exceptions to this widespread consensus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cozzuol, M. A. & F. Goin & M. De Los Reyes & A. Ranzi" box="[981,1209,1184,1208]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="663 - 667" refId="ref198725" refString="Cozzuol, M. A., F. Goin, M. De Los Reyes, and A. Ranzi. 2006. The oldest species of Didelphis (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae), from the late Miocene of Amazonia. Journal of Mammalogy 87 (4): 663 - 667." type="journal article" year="2006">Goin et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Velazco" box="[684,893,1218,1242]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Velazco" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" refId="ref232099" refString="Velazco, P. M., et al. 2022. Combined data analysis of fossil and living mammals: a Paleogene sister taxon of Placentalia and the antiquity of Marsupialia. Cladistics [Early view: https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12499]" type="book" year="2022">Velazco et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are discussed in the account for †
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall and Muizon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[738,871,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[738,871,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Pucadelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in appendix 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[684,1214,225,1738]" lastBlockId="198.[107,638,223,1638]" lastPageId="198" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
†
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[730,911,1284,1308]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[730,911,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Mimoperadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also falls outside
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all our craniodental (figs. 30, 31) and total-evidence (figs. 32,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1011,1039,1350,1374]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="197" pageNumber="197">33</figureCitation>
|
||
) analyses. This result conflicts with
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." box="[911,1152,1383,1407]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">Horovitz et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who recovered †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[814,988,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[814,988,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Mimoperadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a stem didelphimorphian, but it agrees with most subsequent studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M." box="[775,945,1482,1506]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref203227" refString="Forasiepi, A. M. 2009. Osteology of Arctodictis sinclairi (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) and phylogeny of Cenozoic metatherian carnivores from South America. Monografias del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 6: 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="2009">Forasiepi, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[957,1080,1482,1506]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Engelman, R. K. & D. A. Croft" box="[751,1040,1515,1539]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="672 - 688" refId="ref201058" refString="Engelman, R. K., and D. A. Croft. 2014. A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 672 - 688." type="journal article" year="2014">Engelman and Croft, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M. & M. J. Babot & N. Zimicz" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="503 - 525" refId="ref203516" refString="Forasiepi, A. M., M. J. Babot, and N. Zimicz. 2014 a. Australohyaena antiqua (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta), a large predator from the late Oligocene of Patagonia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (6): 503 - 525." type="journal article" year="2014">Forasiepi et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Suarez" box="[763,964,1548,1572]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Suarez" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1029581" refId="ref228706" refString="Suarez, C., A. M. Forasiepi, F. J. Goin, and C. Jaramillo. 2015. Insights into the Neotropics prior to the Great American Biotic Interchange: new evidence of mammalian predators from the Miocene of Northern Colombia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 (1): e 1029581." type="journal article" year="2015">Suarez et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[976,1141,1548,1572]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="88 - 96" refId="ref196389" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2018. A new species of Varalphadon (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) from the upper Cenomanian of southern Utah, North America: Phylogenetic and biogeographic insights. Cretaceous Research 84: 88 - 96." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[1154,1208,1548,1572]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[686,916,1581,1605]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" box="[929,1147,1581,1605]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rangel" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="263 - 289" refId="ref223051" refString="Rangel, C. C., et al. 2019. Diversity, affinities and adaptations of the basal sparassodont Patene (Mammalia, Metatheria). Ameghiniana 56 (4): 263 - 289." type="journal article" year="2019">Rangel et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Engelman, R. K. & F. Anaya & D. A. Croft" box="[858,1100,1614,1639]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="37 - 54" refId="ref201215" refString="Engelman, R. K., F. Anaya, and D. A. Croft. 2020. Australogale leptognathus, gen. et sp. nov., a second species of small sparassodont (Mammalia: Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27: 37 - 54." type="journal article" year="2020">Engelman et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Ladevèze et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" box="[816,1126,1647,1672]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which have consistently found that †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1035,1212,1680,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="197" pageNumber="197" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1035,1212,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">Mimoperadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other alleged peradectids are outside the metatherian crown clade.
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[392,409,223,240]" fontSize="7" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">29</superScript>
|
||
In particular, as we discussed above (see char. 55), †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[463,636,259,283]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[463,636,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Mimoperadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to lack any kind of tympanic process or bulla enclosing the hypotympanic sinus ventrally, as do our outgroup terminals †
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall and Muizon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Pucadelphys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="MHNC" baseAuthorityYear="1249" box="[184,301,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[184,301,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Mayulestes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[381,491,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Allqokirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[381,491,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Allqokirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, plus several other nonmarsupial metatherians not included here (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de" box="[175,335,457,481]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="483 - 509" refId="ref217796" refString="Muizon, C. de. 1999. Marsupial skulls from the Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Bolivia and phylogenetic analysis of the Borhyaenoidea (Marsupialia, Mammalia). Geobios 32 (3): 483 - 509." type="journal article" year="1999">Muizon, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M." box="[350,524,457,481]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref203227" refString="Forasiepi, A. M. 2009. Osteology of Arctodictis sinclairi (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) and phylogeny of Cenozoic metatherian carnivores from South America. Monografias del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 6: 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="2009">Forasiepi, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bi, S. & X. Jin & S. Li & T. Du" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="896" refId="ref193581" refString="Bi, S., X. Jin, S. Li, and T. Du. 2015. A new Cretaceous metatherian mammal from Henan, China. PeerJ 3: e 896." type="journal article" year="2015">Bi et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[175,310,490,514]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" box="[322,538,490,514]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the polarity of this feature is debated, and there is clear evidence of homoplasy within Metatheria (KielanJaworowska and Nessov, 1990: 7;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M." box="[467,633,622,647]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref203227" refString="Forasiepi, A. M. 2009. Osteology of Arctodictis sinclairi (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) and phylogeny of Cenozoic metatherian carnivores from South America. Monografias del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 6: 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="2009">Forasiepi, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: char. 50;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson" box="[222,453,655,679]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="13734" refId="ref234583" refString="Wilson, G. P., E. G. Ekdale, J. W. Hoganson, J. J. Calede, and A. Vander Linden. 2016. A large carnivorous mammal from the Late Cretaceous and the North American origin of marsupials. Nature Communications 7: 13734." type="journal article" year="2016">Wilson et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: supplementary information;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[260,458,688,713]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck, 2017a: 402</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" box="[174,591,722,746]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020: 683–684</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<footnote pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="197.[108,636,1645,1737]" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<superScript attach="right" box="[140,153,1645,1657]" fontSize="5" pageId="197" pageNumber="197">28</superScript>
|
||
Although these accounts include only clades that we consider well supported by available evidence, a list of unambiguous craniodental synapomorphies for all nodes in our dated total-evidence analysis is provided in supplementary file S3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</footnote>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="198.[107,638,223,1638]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">
|
||
Our craniodental and undated total-evidence analyses (figs. 30–32) place †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[433,604,788,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Herpetotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[433,604,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in an unresolved polytomy with Recent marsupials. In contrast to our outgroup terminals and †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[121,295,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Mimoperadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[121,295,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Mimoperadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[324,495,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Herpetotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[324,495,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an ossified hypotympanic sinus floor, which optimizes as an unambiguous synapomorphy of †
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Herpetotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[222,351,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
in our results (see supplementary file S
|
||
<quantity box="[258,298,1019,1043]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
the online supplement: https:// doi.org/10.5531/sd.sp.54). However, most recent published phylogenetic analyses place †
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Herpetotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[313,447,1118,1142]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. de Muizon" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1123 - 1154" refId="ref212594" refString="Ladeveze, S., and C. de Muizon. 2007. The auditory region of early Paleocene Pucadelphydae (Mammalia, Metatheria) from Tiupampa, Bolivia, with phylogenetic implications. Palaeontology 50 (5): 1123 - 1154." type="journal article" year="2007">Ladevèze and Muizon, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sanchez-Villagra" box="[268,573,1151,1176]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sanchez-Villagra" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="83 - 97" refId="ref226509" refString="Schmelzle, T., M. R. Sanchez-Villagra, and W. Maier. 2007. Vestibular labyrinth diversity in diprotodontian marsupial mammals. Mammal Study 32: 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2007">Sánchez-Villagra et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." box="[244,460,1184,1209]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref209395" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2008. The anatomy of Herpetotherium cf. fugax Cope, 1873, a metatherian from the Oligocene of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 284 (4 - 6): 109 - 141." type="journal article" year="2008">Horovitz et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." box="[469,523,1185,1209]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M." pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 174" refId="ref203227" refString="Forasiepi, A. M. 2009. Osteology of Arctodictis sinclairi (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) and phylogeny of Cenozoic metatherian carnivores from South America. Monografias del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 6: 1 - 174." type="journal article" year="2009">Forasiepi, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. de Muizon" box="[176,494,1218,1242]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="746 - 784" refId="ref212638" refString="Ladeveze, S., and C. de Muizon. 2010. Evidence of early evolution of Australidelphia (Metatheria, Mammalia) in South America: phylogenetic relationships of the metatherians from the late Palaeocene of Itaborai (Brazil) based on teeth and petrosal bones. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (3): 746 - 784." type="journal article" year="2010">Ladevèze and Muizon, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[507,632,1218,1242]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williamson" box="[108,383,1251,1275]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Williamson" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="625 - 651" refId="ref234432" refString="Williamson, T. E., S. L. Brusatte, T. D. Carr, A. Weil, and B. R. Standhardt. 2012. The phylogeny and evolution of Cretaceous-Palaeogene metatherians: cladistic analysis and description of new early Palaeocene specimens from the Nacimiento Formation, New Mexico. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10 (4): 625 - 651." type="journal article" year="2012">Williamson et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Williamson" box="[399,455,1251,1275]" firstAuthor="Williamson" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref234502" refString="Williamson, T. E., S. L. Brusatte, and G. P. Wilson. 2014. The origin and early evolution of metatherian mammals: the Cretaceous record. Zookeys 465: 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Engelman, R. K. & D. A. Croft" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="672 - 688" refId="ref201058" refString="Engelman, R. K., and D. A. Croft. 2014. A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (3): 672 - 688." type="journal article" year="2014">Engelman and Croft, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M. & M. J. Babot & N. Zimicz" box="[246,486,1284,1308]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="503 - 525" refId="ref203516" refString="Forasiepi, A. M., M. J. Babot, and N. Zimicz. 2014 a. Australohyaena antiqua (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta), a large predator from the late Oligocene of Patagonia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 13 (6): 503 - 525." type="journal article" year="2014">Forasiepi et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[498,633,1284,1308]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" box="[110,435,1317,1341]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="355 - 372" refId="ref196481" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 a. Systematic affinities of the extinct metatherian Eobrasilia coutoi Simpson, 1947, a South American early Eocene Stagodontidae: implications for " Eobrasiliinae. " Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 20 (3): 355 - 372." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" box="[447,515,1317,1341]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref196536" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 b. The Eocene South American metatherian Zeusdelphys complicatus is not a protodidelphid but a hatcheriform: Paleobiogeographic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (3): 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="2017">2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[238,401,1350,1374]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="88 - 96" refId="ref196389" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2018. A new species of Varalphadon (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta) from the upper Cenomanian of southern Utah, North America: Phylogenetic and biogeographic insights. Cretaceous Research 84: 88 - 96." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[411,465,1350,1374]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" box="[178,403,1383,1407]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel" box="[417,632,1383,1407]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rangel" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="263 - 289" refId="ref223051" refString="Rangel, C. C., et al. 2019. Diversity, affinities and adaptations of the basal sparassodont Patene (Mammalia, Metatheria). Ameghiniana 56 (4): 263 - 289." type="journal article" year="2019">Rangel et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" box="[108,438,1416,1440]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on these studies, and to enable us to calibrate the age of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[108,239,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we constrained †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[436,607,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Herpetotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,607,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to fall outside the crown clade in our dated totalevidence analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="198.[107,638,223,1638]" lastBlockId="198.[684,1214,226,1506]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">
|
||
With †
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[214,384,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Herpetotherium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[214,384,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Herpetotherium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
constrained to fall outside
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[160,291,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, only loss of the posterior cingulid optimizes as an unambiguous synapomorphy for the crown clade. Although presence or absence of a posterior cingulid might be a useful criterion for distinguishing marsupials from nonmarsupial marsupialiforms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Voss and Jansa" firstAuthor="Voss" page="87" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 177" refId="ref232295" refString="Voss, R. S., and S. A. Jansa. 2009. Phylogenetic relationships and classification of didelphid marsupials, an extant radiation of New World metatherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 322: 1 - 177." type="journal article" year="2009">Voss and Jansa, 2009: 87</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), this structure was subsequently reacquired by dasyuromorphians (see below) and by the balbarid macropodiform †
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Balbaroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Balbaroo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and other balbarids not included here; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cooke, B. N." box="[684,837,523,547]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="269 - 280" refId="ref198121" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1997 a. Two new balbarine kangaroos and lower molar evolution within the subfamily. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 41 (2): 269 - 280." type="journal article" year="1997">Cooke, 1997a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7, who referred to the posterior cingulid as the “hypocingulid”). Three fossil Australian taxa that have not been included here due to their incompleteness—†
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Djarthia murgonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the early Eocene Tingamarra fauna in northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[865,964,688,712]" name="Australia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and its probable relatives †
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Archer" authorityYear="1982" box="[754,989,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasyuridae" genus="Ankotarinja" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis box="[754,989,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Ankotarinja tirarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and †
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Archer" authorityYear="1976" class="Mammalia" family="Dasyuridae" genus="Keeuna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Keeuna woodburnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the late Oligocene Etadunna Formation of central
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[916,1014,788,812]" name="Australia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
—also have a posterior cingulid and appear to comprise a clade of stem australidelphians (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M." box="[941,1099,854,878]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="53 - 73" refId="ref189702" refString="Archer, M. 1976 d. Miocene marsupicarnivores (Marsupialia) from central South Australia, Ankotarinja tirarensis gen. et. sp. nov., Keeuna woodburnei gen. et. sp. nov., and their significance in terms of early marsupial radiations. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 100: 53 - 73." type="journal article" year="1976">Archer, 1976d</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Godthelp, H. & S. Wroe & M. Archer" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="289 - 313" refId="ref205557" refString="Godthelp, H., S. Wroe, and M. Archer. 1999. A new marsupial from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna of Murgon, southeastern Queensland: a prototypical Australian marsupial? Journal of Mammalian Evolution 6 (3): 289 - 313." type="journal article" year="1999">Godthelp et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[821,1020,887,911]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kealy, S. & R. M. D. Beck" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="240" refId="ref210569" refString="Kealy, S., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Total evidence phylogeny and evolutionary timescale for Australian faunivorous marsupials (Dasyuromorphia). BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (1): 240." type="journal article" year="2017">Kealy and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in which case they represent another lineage that independently reacquired this trait. As noted earlier, more or less distinct posterior cingulids have recently been reported in a few extant didelphids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Voss" box="[892,1079,1052,1076]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Voss" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref232430" refString="Voss, R. S., J. F. Diaz-Nieto, and S. A. Jansa. 2018. A revision of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), Part 1: P. quica, P. canus, and a new species from Amazonia. American Museum Novitates 3891: 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="2018">Voss et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Voss" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Voss" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref232489" refString="Voss, R. S., T. C. Giarla, J. F. Diaz-Nieto, and S. A. Jansa. 2020. A revision of the didelphid marsupial genus Marmosa Part 2. Species of the Rapposa Group (subgenus Micoureus). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 439 (1): 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="2020">Voss et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), thus revealing additional homoplasy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="198.[684,1214,226,1506]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198">
|
||
As already noted (see above and table 6), our late Palaeocene–early Eocene estimate for the age of the most recent common ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
is markedly younger than the estimates proposed in several recent molecular clock analyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[742,983,1284,1308]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="554 - 571" refId="ref216642" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 a. A phylogeny of Diprotodontia (Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51 (3): 554 - 571." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Meredith et al., 2009
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Forasiepi, A. M. & A. G. Martinelli & M. S. de la Fuente & S. Dieguez & M. Bond" box="[971,1047,1284,1308]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="135 - 154" refId="ref203380" refString="Forasiepi, A. M., A. G. Martinelli, M. S. de la Fuente, S. Dieguez, and M. Bond. 2011. Paleontology and stratigraphy of the Aisol Formation (Neogene), San Rafael, Mendoza. In J. Salfity and R. A. Marquillas (editors), Cenozoic geology of the Central Andes of Argentina: 135 - 154. Salta: SCS Publisher." type="book chapter" year="2011">a, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mitchell, K. J." pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="2322 - 2330" refId="ref217043" refString="Mitchell, K. J., et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and habitat preference evolution of marsupials. Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (9): 2322 - 2330." type="journal article" year="2014">Mitchell et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Duchene, D. A." box="[754,991,1317,1341]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="400 - 412" refId="ref200659" refString="Duchene, D. A., et al. 2018. Analysis of phylogenomic tree space resolves relationships among marsupial families. Systematic Biology 67 (3): 400 - 412." type="journal article" year="2018">Duchêne et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as well as the few other dated total-evidence analyses that have been published to date (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[952,1140,1383,1407]" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">Beck et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" pageId="198" pageNumber="198" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, it is more congruent with the recent phylogenomic study of ÁlvarezCarretero et al. (2021).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |