260 lines
39 KiB
XML
260 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="CCC5CAFA51C357141AF2BC6CB849BE93" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971356" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1659882917898" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. & Jansa, Sharon A." docDate="2022" docId="03EFDD5DF6EE68FED91EFE551EE9FC77" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHist.2022.457.1-350.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.9:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thylacomyidae Bensley 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="215" masterDocId="FFD6A525F63B6829DA0BFFAE1A62FFC7" masterDocTitle="Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="213" updateTime="1699350301078" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B7F7974986ADC62543ACD56808556627">Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="17F05F39987250DA339F03673C1891F1">Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="37BE6767326AC9B9E85AE75A20D8693D">School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. & School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia & Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0307508F438A2885A02CE68D2A6AE7E1">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9DDC4E104827565523C4872DC9CDB6B2">Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A90AFA7E7ED498645E0615F6DB23E5E8">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="71BA264DE981986756CE2496FB82CAC1">Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C6B444E862EB1E2568A6A8D75ACB2773">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03EFDD5DF6EE68FED91EFE551EE9FC77" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7036155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7036155" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFDD5DF6EE68FED91EFE551EE9FC77" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EFDD5DF6EE68FED91EFE551EE9FC77" lastPageId="215" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6EE68FCD91EFE551E37FDD4" box="[789,1109,507,531]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EE68FCD91EFE551E37FDD4" blockId="213.[789,1109,507,531]" box="[789,1109,507,531]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">
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<heading id="D0B1DB27F6EE68FCD91EFE551E37FDD4" box="[789,1109,507,531]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EE68FCD91EFE551E37FDD4" ID-CoL="H8P" authority="Bensley, 1903" authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[789,1109,507,531]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Thylacomyidae
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCD9CAFE551E37FDD4" author="Bensley, B. A." box="[961,1109,507,531]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="83 - 217" refId="ref193249" refString="Bensley, B. A. 1903. On the evolution of the Australian Marsupialia, with remarks on the relationships of the marsupials in general. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 9: 83 - 217." type="journal article" year="1903">Bensley, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6EE68FCD8C7FD821E72FD83" box="[716,1040,556,580]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" type="synonymic_list">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EE68FCD8C7FD821E72FD83" blockId="213.[684,1213,556,1738]" box="[716,1040,556,580]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">
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CONTENTS:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EE68FCD944FD8319CEFD83" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[847,940,557,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6EE68FCD944FD8319CEFD83" box="[847,940,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">Macrotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(fig. 38).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6EE68FCD8C7FDE319F4FADB" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EE68FCD8C7FDE3188EFD40" blockId="213.[684,1213,556,1738]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">STEM AGE: 16.5 Mya (95% HPD: 12.4–20.6 Mya).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EE68FCD8C7FD3E19F9FD6F" blockId="213.[684,1213,556,1738]" box="[716,923,656,680]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">CROWN AGE: N/A.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EE68FCD8C7FD1F19F4FADB" blockId="213.[684,1213,556,1738]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL AUTAPOMORPHIES: Two or more discrete lacrimal foramina usually present (char. 10: 1→0; ci = 0.063); at least one lacrimal foramen located within suture between lacrimal and maxilla (char. 11: 0→1; ci = 0.286); pterygoids in midline contact ventral to presphenoid (char. 46: 0→3; ci = 0.111); large, erect paroccipital process directed ventrally (char. 93: 1→2; ci = 0.100); P2 and P3 subequal in height (char. 119: 2→1; ci = 0.118); M1 pseudopreparacrista absent (char. 139: 1→0; ci = 0.333); upper molar posterolingual cusp is the metacone (char. 143: 1→2; ci = 0.400); lower first molar (m1) paracristid and paraconid both indistinct or absent (char. 159: 0→1; ci = 0.400); neomorphic cuspid(s) in hypoflexid region present (char. 171: 0→1; ci = 0.167); and lower third molar hypoconid lingual to salient protoconid (char. 173: 0→1; ci = 0.045).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6EE68FED8C6FA8B1EE9FC77" lastPageId="215" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EE68FCD8C6FA8B191BF90D" blockId="213.[684,1213,556,1738]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">
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COMMENTS:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EE68FCD961FA8B1E7CFAFA" authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[874,1054,1317,1341]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
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, represented here by its sole Recent genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EE68FCD9FAFAE91E32FA99" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[1009,1104,1351,1374]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6EE68FCD9FAFAE91E32FA99" box="[1009,1104,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="213" pageNumber="213">Macrotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is recovered in our molecular (figs. 27–29) and totalevidence (figs. 32,
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<figureCitation id="137D70CEF6EE68FCD99FFA2619D3FA67" box="[916,945,1416,1440]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="213" pageNumber="213">33</figureCitation>
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) analyses as the next perameloid family to diverge after
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EE68FCDE25FA0718B4FA25" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1872" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Chaeropodidae</taxonomicName>
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. This topology is also seen in most other recent molecular and total-evidence analyses in which representatives of all extant peramelemorphian families are included (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCDE68F9831907F9A0" author="Westerman" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Westerman" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref233182" refString="Westerman, M., et al. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships of living and recently extinct bandicoots based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (1): 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Westerman et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCD979F9E11E4CF9A1" author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" box="[882,1070,1614,1638]" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCDE30F9E0191BF94F" author="Travouillon and Phillips" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref230320" refString="Travouillon, K. J., and M. J. Phillips. 2018. Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378 (2): 224 - 256." type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon and Phillips, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 1B, D; but see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCDE5EF9C119FCF96E" author="Travouillon and Phillips" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref230320" refString="Travouillon, K. J., and M. J. Phillips. 2018. Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378 (2): 224 - 256." type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon and Phillips, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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||
: figs. 1C, E, 2;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCDE37F93E194AF90D" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EE68FCD93FF91C190CF90D" author="Travouillon" box="[820,878,1714,1738]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="213" pageNumber="213" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">2021</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF393CC3F6ED68FFDA67F9361ABEF90C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6971445" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971445" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6971445/files/figure.png" pageId="214" pageNumber="214" startId="214.[108,150,1688,1709]" targetBox="[136,1185,229,1649]" targetPageId="214">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6ED68FFDA67F9361ABEF90C" blockId="214.[108,1213,1685,1739]" pageId="214" pageNumber="214">
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FIG. 38.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6ED68FFDAC0F9381B0EF969" baseAuthorityName="Reid" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[203,364,1686,1710]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="214" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lagotis">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6ED68FFDAC0F9381B0EF969" box="[203,364,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="214" pageNumber="214">Macrotis lagotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6ED68FFDB76F938185AF969" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[381,568,1686,1710]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="214" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6ED68FFD84EF9381880F969" authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[581,738,1686,1710]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="214" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
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; based on AMNH 35685, an adult male zoo specimen).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EC68FEDA87FF4C1B68FC77" blockId="215.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">
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Within
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDAE3FF4C1BD6FF3D" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[232,436,226,250]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDBCFFF4C1847FF3E" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[452,549,226,249]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDBCFFF4C1847FF3E" box="[452,549,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Macrotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is craniodentally distinctive, as demonstrated by the long list of apomorphies identified here; among the most notable of these are the presence of two lacrimal foramina (all other peramelemorphians except some specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED806FE29181EFE58" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1804" box="[525,636,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED806FE29181EFE58" box="[525,636,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Perameles</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a single lacrimal foramen), midline contact between the right and left pterygoids ventral to the presephenoid (also seen in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED813FE44180EFDC5" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[536,620,490,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED813FE44180EFDC5" box="[536,620,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Isoodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), the large and erect paroccipital process (also seen in some
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDB00FD821B02FD83" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[267,352,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDB00FD821B02FD83" box="[267,352,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Isoodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens), the absence of a pseudopreparacrista on M1 (also seen in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDABBFDC01B67FD41" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[176,261,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDABBFDC01B67FD41" box="[176,261,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Isoodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDB49FDC11B8DFD41" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1932" box="[322,495,623,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Microperoryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDB49FDC11B8DFD41" box="[322,495,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Microperoryctes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens), recruitment of the metacone as the posterolingual cusp of the upper molars (rather than, as in all other metatherians with a posterolingual cusp, the metaconule;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDB70FD5D187EFCCC" author="Bensley, B. A." box="[379,540,755,779]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="83 - 217" refId="ref193249" refString="Bensley, B. A. 1903. On the evolution of the Australian Marsupialia, with remarks on the relationships of the marsupials in general. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 9: 83 - 217." type="journal article" year="1903">Bensley, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED826FD5D1B4EFCEB" author="Archer, M. & J. A. W. Kirsch" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="18 - 25" refId="ref190340" refString="Archer, M., and J. A. W. Kirsch. 1977. The case for Thylacomyidae and Myrmecobiidae, or why are marsupial families so extended? Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 102: 18 - 25." type="journal article" year="1977">Archer and Kirsch, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the absence of a distinct paracristid and paraconid on m1 (as also seen in a few diprotodontians, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED802FCF91817FCA9" authorityName="Broom" authorityYear="1896" box="[521,629,855,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Burramyidae" genus="Burramys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED802FCF91817FCA9" box="[521,629,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Burramys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDA67FCD91A80FC48" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1818" box="[108,226,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Acrobatidae" genus="Acrobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDA67FCD91A80FC48" box="[108,226,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Acrobates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDA67FC361A98FC77" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1874" box="[108,250,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Acrobatidae" genus="Distoechurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDA67FC361A98FC77" box="[108,250,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Distoechurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EC68FEDA87FC171B6AF9C4" blockId="215.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">
|
||
†
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDA92FC171B0AFC16" box="[153,360,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Ischnodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDA92FC171B0AFC16" box="[153,360,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Ischnodon australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Pliocene Tirari Formation at Lake Palankarinna in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4982A2A9F6EC68FED80BFC741AC5FBD4" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">South Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, which is known from a single partial right dentary preserving p1–2 and m1–2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED82CFBB21AC1FB92" author="Stirton" firstAuthor="Stirton" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="247 - 268" refId="ref228460" refString="Stirton, R. A. 1955. Late Tertiary marsupials from South Australia. Records of the South Australian Museum 11: 247 - 268." type="journal article" year="1955">Stirton, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDAB9FB931BAFFB92" author="Archer, M. & J. A. W. Kirsch" box="[178,461,1085,1109]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="18 - 25" refId="ref190340" refString="Archer, M., and J. A. W. Kirsch. 1977. The case for Thylacomyidae and Myrmecobiidae, or why are marsupial families so extended? Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 102: 18 - 25." type="journal article" year="1977">Archer and Kirsch, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDBD7FB931AC0FBB0" author="Tedford" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tedford" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="173 - 194" refId="ref229790" refString="Tedford, R. H., R. T. Wells, and S. F. Barghoorn. 1992. Tirari Formation and contained faunas, Pliocene of the Lake Eyre Basin, South Australia. Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences 9 (1): 173 - 194." type="journal article" year="1992">Tedford et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDAA4FBF01BD1FBB0" author="Travouillon" box="[175,435,1118,1143]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="1360894" refId="ref230979" refString="Travouillon, K. J., et al. 2017. A review of the Pliocene bandicoots of Australia, and descriptions of new genus and species. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: e 1360894." type="book chapter" year="2017">Travouillon et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), has been argued to be a thylacomyid, although it is markedly more plesiomorphic than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDB8CFB0F1B86FB7F" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[391,484,1185,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDB8CFB0F1B86FB7F" box="[391,484,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in retaining a distinct paraconid and paracristid on m1 and in having overall lower-crowned (less hyposodont) molars (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDAC3FAAA1B38FADB" author="Stirton" box="[200,346,1284,1308]" firstAuthor="Stirton" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="247 - 268" refId="ref228460" refString="Stirton, R. A. 1955. Late Tertiary marsupials from South Australia. Records of the South Australian Museum 11: 247 - 268." type="journal article" year="1955">Stirton, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDB6CFAAA181BFADB" author="Archer, M. & J. A. W. Kirsch" box="[359,633,1284,1308]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="18 - 25" refId="ref190340" refString="Archer, M., and J. A. W. Kirsch. 1977. The case for Thylacomyidae and Myrmecobiidae, or why are marsupial families so extended? Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 102: 18 - 25." type="journal article" year="1977">Archer and Kirsch, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDA67FA8B1B0BFAFA" author="Travouillon" box="[108,361,1317,1341]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="1360894" refId="ref230979" refString="Travouillon, K. J., et al. 2017. A review of the Pliocene bandicoots of Australia, and descriptions of new genus and species. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: e 1360894." type="book chapter" year="2017">Travouillon et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, whereas most phylogenetic analyses have placed †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDBF9FAE8183DFA99" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1955" box="[498,607,1350,1374]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Ischnodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDBF9FAE8183DFA99" box="[498,607,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Ischnodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDAD1FAC61B58FAB8" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[218,314,1384,1407]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDAD1FAC61B58FAB8" box="[218,314,1384,1407]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDB5BFAC9181AFAB8" author="Travouillon" box="[336,632,1383,1407]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Travouillon et al., 2014
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED867FAC9181AFAB8" author="a" box="[620,632,1383,1407]" firstAuthor="a" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="1408" refId="ref237143" refString="Yates, A. M. 2015 b. New craniodental remains of Wakaleo alcootaensis (Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae) a carnivorous marsupial from the late Miocene Alcoota Local Fauna of the Northern Territory, Australia. PeerJ 3: e 1408." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="b">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2015
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDAA9FA261A91FA67" author="b" box="[162,243,1416,1440]" firstAuthor="b" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="625" refId="ref237186" refString="Yates, B., et al. 2017. Genenames. org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2017. Nucleic Acids Research 45 (D 1): D 619 - D 625." type="journal article" year="2017">b, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: [fig. 9B], 2021;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDBA1FA261AC7FA06" author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) supporting thylacomyid affinities for the former taxon, a few have not (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDBB2FA641AC7F9C4" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="1360894" refId="ref230979" refString="Travouillon, K. J., et al. 2017. A review of the Pliocene bandicoots of Australia, and descriptions of new genus and species. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: e 1360894." type="book chapter" year="2017">Travouillon et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 9A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6EC68FEDA86F9A21EE9FC77" blockId="215.[108,638,226,1738]" lastBlockId="215.[684,1214,226,944]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">
|
||
As already discussed (see Perameloidea above), †
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDADDF9831BB9F982" box="[214,475,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Bulbadon warburtonae</emphasis>
|
||
, known from a single partial mandible, from the late Oligocene Ditjimanka Local Fauna (Faunal Zone B) of the Etadunna Formation, has been described as the oldest known thylacomyid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FEDBFDF91C1953FF3D" author="Travouillon" box="[502,817,226,1738]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but it did not form a clade with other thylacomyids in the dated total-evidence analyses of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED930FE8A1E06FEFB" author="Travouillon" box="[827,1124,292,316]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FEDE89FE8A197FFE9A" authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Liyamayi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FEDE89FE8A197FFE9A" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Liyamayi dayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the middle Miocene of Riversleigh World Heritage Area has also been described as a thylacomyid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED9FBFE291897FE07" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">Travouillon et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED981FE0719BBFE07" authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" box="[906,985,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Liyamayi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED981FE0719BBFE07" box="[906,985,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">L. dayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently known from only two teeth (identified as an M2 and m1) that show striking differences from the homologous teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED9AAFDA21E60FDE4" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[929,1026,524,547]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED9AAFDA21E60FDE4" box="[929,1026,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in, for example, the presence of a distinct metaconule (rather than the metacone) at the posterolingual corner of M2, and a very prominent paraconid and paracristid on m1 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED9D7FD211897FD0E" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">Travouillon et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A number of published phylogenetic analyses have failed to support thylacomyid affinities for †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED954FD5D19ABFCCD" authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" box="[863,969,755,778]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Liyamayi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED954FD5D19ABFCCD" box="[863,969,755,778]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Liyamayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED9D4FD5D1890FCEB" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Travouillon et al., 2014
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED8EDFCBA1890FCEB" author="a" box="[742,754,788,812]" firstAuthor="a" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="1408" refId="ref237143" refString="Yates, A. M. 2015 b. New craniodental remains of Wakaleo alcootaensis (Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae) a carnivorous marsupial from the late Miocene Alcoota Local Fauna of the Northern Territory, Australia. PeerJ 3: e 1408." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="b">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2015b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED953FCBA1E1DFCEB" author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[856,1151,788,812]" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but most recently the dated total-evidence analyses of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6EC68FED90BFCF81E49FCA9" author="Travouillon" box="[768,1067,854,878]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed this taxon sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED95FFCD619D7FC48" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[852,949,888,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED95FFCD619D7FC48" box="[852,949,888,911]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6EC68FED9EBFCD91E33FC48" authorityName="Stirton" authorityYear="1955" box="[992,1105,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Ischnodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="215" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6EC68FED9EBFCD91E33FC48" box="[992,1105,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="215">Ischnodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggesting that it is indeed an early thylacomyid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |