304 lines
36 KiB
XML
304 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5891AE9E5649FAB7F7F1B504E6D93DC9">Subspecies of Pleurota bicostella (Clerck, 1759) revisited and descriptions of nine new species in the P. bicostella species group (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea Oecophoridae: Pleurotinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="838BBDCB9039C6C52EC01F7112DA742D">Tabell, Jukka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2913D6F8613339843994EFFD36828E18">Wikström, Bo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67D5CD149BE7A523E681E280F160A49E">Ylihaakkointie 13, FI- 03100 Nummela, Finland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E2D3D3443F3919BB0BB9FCB083898389">Mutanen, Marko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E457F041C7FD89C528B87636DD4B8219">Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, Po Box 3000, FI- 900014 University of Oulu, Finland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="62B6FF4F3FAD9BFBF5B57B04936CADD2">Bruckner, Harald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F5FF5660B041E097EDB6570EA5963C5C">Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, 1010 Wien, Austria.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AB49E9BDBA33CBB0DFF706E29219E1D4">Sihvonen, Pasi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3D6CD677C9410BE8A7B8F3DFC3D95AF9">Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 17, FI- 00014, Finland. pasi. sihvonen @ helsinki. fi; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2237 - 9325</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="09BD066B9BCF16D326A472C83F59FC9B" type="email">pasi.sihvonen@helsinki.fi</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="9EB88596797B661E6D7968AA4FA14FFA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1669CF06101736EEACEC0422DB64E343">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA97B0F9F4AFCA9672DBCFF81FA24CBB">4941</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D88782FFA62207FF7BFF321DA8F835" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617050" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180588154" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4617050" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D88782FFA62207FF7BFF321DA8F835" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88782FFA62207FF7BFF321DA8F835" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF7BFF321EE9FF02" blockId="13.[151,688,150,250]" box="[151,688,150,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<heading id="D08681F8FFA62207FF7BFF321EE9FF02" bold="true" box="[151,688,150,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FF7BFF321E66FF02" ID-CoL="7845K" authority="Chretien, 1915" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[151,575,150,178]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella" status="stat. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF7BFF321DD9FF01" bold="true" box="[151,384,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Pleurota illucidella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B65FFA62207FE6BFF331E66FF02" author="Chretien, P." box="[391,575,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" pagination="289 - 374" refId="ref16941" refString="Chretien, P. (1915) Contribution a la connaissance des Lepidopteres du Nord de l'Afrique. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 84 (3), 289 - 374." type="journal article" year="1915">Chrétien, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23657FDFFA62207FDAAFF321EE9FF02" box="[582,688,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF7BFF1E1E2DFF66" blockId="13.[151,688,150,250]" box="[151,628,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Barcode Index Number: BOLD:ADR8160</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36B651FFFA62207FF7BFF7A1E4CFF4A" box="[151,533,223,250]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF7BFF7A1E4CFF4A" blockId="13.[151,688,150,250]" box="[151,533,223,250]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<tableCitation id="C6F3032FFFA62207FF7BFF7A1CB3FF4A" box="[151,234,223,249]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="27.[151,239,723,747]" captionText="TABLE 1. Interspecific mean Kimura 2-parameter divergences (%) among members of the Pleurota bicostella species group, based on the analysis of the DNA barcode sequence of the COI gene. Maximum intraspecific distances are shown in grey cells. Number of examined specimens are given in parentheses." pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Table 1</tableCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134A2A11FFA62207FF14FF7A1D36FF4A" box="[248,367,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1743,1767]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,181,1718]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[154,1433,181,1718]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. Adults and labels of Pleurota spp. 9–11. P. illucidella Chrétien. 9. ♀ holotype. 10. ♂. 11. ♀. 12–14. P. lepigrei Lucas. 12. ♂ holotype. 13. ♂. 14. ♂. 15. P. ericella (Duponchel), ♂. 16. P. phaeolepida sp. nov., ♂ holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4595505" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4595505/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Figs. 9–11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134A2A11FFA62207FE97FF7A1DC0FF4A" box="[379,409,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 37–38" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[162,1417,350,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-69@12.[162,1426,345,1861]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 37–38. Male genitalia of Pleurota spp. 37. P. asiatica Back, holotype, Genitalpräparat Nr. 00597 H.-E. Back. 38. P. illucidella Chrétien, GP 6021 J. Tabell." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4595519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4595519/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">38</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134A2A11FFA62207FE49FF7A1D9AFF49" box="[421,451,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURES 54–56" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1833,1857]" captionTargetBox="[172,1428,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[159,1428,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 54–56. Female genitalia of Pleurota spp. 54. P. asiatica Back, paratype, Genitalpräparat Nr. 00605 H.-E. Back. 55. P. illucidella Chrétien, GP 5917 J. Tabell. 56. P. lepigrei Lucas, GP 5444 J. Tabell." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4595537" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4595537/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">55</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134A2A11FFA62207FE23FF7A1DB4FF49" box="[463,493,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[383,1204,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[383,1204,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 65. Neighbor-joining tree based on the barcoding fragment of the COI gene (p-distance model) of all available species of the Pleurota bicostella species group. “MM26262” etc. are BOLD sample IDs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4595545" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4595545/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">65</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134A2A11FFA62207FE15FF7A1E4CFF4A" box="[505,533,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="34.[151,250,812,836]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,181,788]" captionTargetId="figure-23@34.[154,1434,181,788]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 66. Distribution map of P. illucidella Chrétien, P. lepigrei Lucas and nine new species of the P. bicostella species group. Map based on Google Maps © 2021." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4595547" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4595547/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">66</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD01085FFA62207FF7BFE811E6FFE88" author="Chretien, P." box="[151,566,291,316]" page="336" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" year="1915">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FF7BFE811E6FFE88" ID-CoL="7845K" authority="Chretien, 1915: 336" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[151,566,291,316]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
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<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF7BFE811D07FE8F" box="[151,350,292,316]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Pleurota illucidella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B65FFA62207FE89FE811E6FFE88" author="Chretien, P." box="[357,566,291,316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" pagination="289 - 374" refId="ref16941" refString="Chretien, P. (1915) Contribution a la connaissance des Lepidopteres du Nord de l'Afrique. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 84 (3), 289 - 374." type="journal article" year="1915">Chrétien, 1915: 336</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F3667604FFA62207FD39FE811F7DFE8F" box="[725,804,292,316]" name="Tunisia" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49B5F876FFA62207FCC3FE811F34FE8F" box="[815,877,292,316]" country="Tunisia" name="Gafsa" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Gafsa</collectingRegion>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54CA8836FFA62207FC95FE811F8EFE8F" box="[889,983,292,316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D77FD1DFFA62207FC33FE811FABFE88" box="[991,1010,292,315]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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(MNHNP; examined from photographs). Originally described as a species, lowered to subspecies by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B65FFA62207FCDAFEE71FE0FEE9" author="Back, H. E." box="[822,953,322,346]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refId="ref16879" refString="Back, H. E. (1973) Untersuchungen uber die Systematik und Zoogeographie der Gattung Pleurota (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der philosophie der Philosophischen Fakultat der Universitat des Saarlandes, vorleget von Hans-Erkmar Back. Philosophischen Fakultat der Universitat des Saarlandes, Saarbrucken, 414 pp., 33 Tafeln." type="book" year="1973">Back (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. Here elevated again to species level based on differential features in habitus, genitalia structure and DNA barcode (
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<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FC6AFEC41FB3FECA" bold="true" box="[902,1002,353,377]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">stat. rev.)</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF7BFE021FADFD9E" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF7BFE021DDAFE72" bold="true" box="[151,387,423,449]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B193CC9FFA62207FE60FE021E0CFDB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053972315" collectingDate="2000-05-03" collectionCode="NUP" collectorName="K. Nupponen" country="Tunisia" elevation="1000" location="Lepid Phyl" municipality="Atlas" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<specimenCount id="9D77FD1DFFA62207FE60FE021DE1FE71" box="[396,440,423,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(GP 5766
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<collectorName id="26845342FFA62207FDD4FE0D1EC3FE72" box="[568,666,423,450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">J. Tabell</collectorName>
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, DNA sample 24833
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<location id="8EAE604FFFA62207FC78FE021848FE72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D88782FFA62207FF7BFF321DA8F835:8EAE604FFFA62207FC78FE021848FE72" box="[916,1041,423,449]" country="Tunisia" municipality="Atlas" name="Lepid Phyl" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Lepid Phyl</location>
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[barcoding failed]),
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<collectingCountry id="F3667604FFA62207FB13FE02190CFE72" box="[1279,1365,423,449]" name="Tunisia" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAAACEEFFA62207FA8DFE0219C5FE72" box="[1377,1436,423,449]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Atlas</collectingMunicipality>
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mnts,
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<locationDeviation id="9A7C2FB6FFA62207FF37FE6E1E50FE56" box="[219,521,459,486]" location="Makhtar village" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
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NE Makhtar village
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</locationDeviation>
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, conifer forest,
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B71FFA62207FD5BFE6E1F54FE55" box="[695,781,459,486]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005CD1A7FFA62207FD5BFE6E1F54FE55" box="[695,781,459,486]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCF1054FFA62207FCF5FE6E1FD9FE56" box="[793,896,459,485]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" value="2000-05-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9BCFFA62207FCF5FE6E1FD9FE56" box="[793,896,459,485]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" value="2000-05-03">3.V.2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26845342FFA62207FC67FE69187BFE55" box="[907,1058,460,486]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">K. Nupponen</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED60AE51FFA62207FB75FE69188FFE55" box="[1177,1238,460,486]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">NUP</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂ (GP 6021
|
||
<collectorName id="26845342FFA62207FA66FE691C86FDBA" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">J. Tabell</collectorName>
|
||
, DNA sample 26140
|
||
<collectorName id="26845342FFA62207FE22FE4A1E14FDB9" box="[462,589,495,522]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Lepid Phyl</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC9FFA62207FD8CFE4A1FA9FD9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053972303" collectingDate="2018-05-07" collectionCode="TAB" collectorName="J. Tabell" country="Tunisia" elevation="810" latitude="35.8022" location="Lepid Phyl" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="9.3386" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD1DFFA62207FD8CFE4A1ED0FDB9" box="[608,649,495,522]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(GP 5917
|
||
<collectorName id="26845342FFA62207FCEDFE551F39FDBA" box="[769,864,495,522]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">J. Tabell</collectorName>
|
||
, DNA sample 26141
|
||
<location id="8EAE604FFFA62207FBA3FE4A1897FDB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D88782FFA62207FF7BFF321DA8F835:8EAE604FFFA62207FBA3FE4A1897FDB9" box="[1103,1230,495,522]" country="Tunisia" latitude="35.8022" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="9.3386" name="Lepid Phyl" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Lepid Phyl</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3667604FFA62207FB0CFE4A196FFDBA" box="[1248,1334,495,521]" name="Tunisia" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A7C2FB6FFA62207FAADFE4A1D7AFD9E" location="Maktar" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B71FFA62207FAADFE4A19C5FDBA" box="[1345,1436,495,522]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="km" value="13.5">13.5 km</quantity>
|
||
ESE Maktar
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B71FFA62207FEC2FDB61D2EFD9D" box="[302,375,531,558]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="810.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005CD1A7FFA62207FEC2FDB61D2EFD9D" box="[302,375,531,558]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="810.0">810 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE455053FFA62207FE6EFDB61DA8FD9D" box="[386,497,531,558]" degrees="35.8022" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" precision="5" value="35.8022">N35.8022</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE455053FFA62207FE15FDB61E03FD9E" box="[505,602,531,557]" degrees="9.3386" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" precision="5" value="9.3386">E9.3386</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCF1054FFA62207FD89FDB61E95FD9E" box="[613,716,531,557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" value="2018-05-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9BCFFA62207FD89FDB61E95FD9E" box="[613,716,531,557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" value="2018-05-07">7.V.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26845342FFA62207FD3BFDB11F6FFD9E" box="[727,822,531,558]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">J. Tabell</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED60AE51FFA62207FC41FDB61FB1FD9E" box="[941,1000,531,557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">TAB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BFD921D6DFD0E" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
The genitalia are illustrated and described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B65FFA62207FD27FD921F00FDE2" author="Back, H. E." box="[715,857,567,593]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refId="ref16879" refString="Back, H. E. (1973) Untersuchungen uber die Systematik und Zoogeographie der Gattung Pleurota (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der philosophie der Philosophischen Fakultat der Universitat des Saarlandes, vorleget von Hans-Erkmar Back. Philosophischen Fakultat der Universitat des Saarlandes, Saarbrucken, 414 pp., 33 Tafeln." type="book" year="1973">Back (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but the drawing of male genitalia belongs to some other species, probably to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FE2EFDF91E6CFDC6" authorityName="Lucas, GP" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="Lucas" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[450,565,603,629]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lepigrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FE2EFDF91E6CFDC6" box="[450,565,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. lepigrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only the corpus bursae with signa is illustrated for the female genitalia, but the characteristic crescent-shaped anterior signum together with the coloration of the adult, enables a plausible identification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36B651FFFA62207FF2BFD62196FFC6E" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BFD621E7DFCFE" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF2BFD621D1BFD52" bold="true" box="[199,322,711,737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Externally
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FE2FFD6D1E08FD52" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[451,593,711,737]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FE2FFD6D1E08FD52" box="[451,593,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. illucidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is somewhat similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FCB5FD6D1F9AFD52" authorityName="Tabell & Wikström & Mutanen & Bruckner & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2021" box="[857,963,711,737]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalilae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FCB5FD6D1F9AFD52" box="[857,963,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. dalilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the forewing is slightly darker, due to irroration of blackish brown scales. The strongly concave ventral margin of valva, and finger-shaped valval lobe in the male genitalia are distinguishing details. In the female genitalia, the shape of the proximal margin of segment 8 and anterior signum are distinctive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BFCF2196FFC6E" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF2BFCF21DDAFCC2" bold="true" box="[199,387,855,881]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
Two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FDB9FCF21E9EFCC2" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[597,711,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FDB9FCF21E9EFCC2" box="[597,711,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">illucidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were sequenced successfully, resulting in 658 and 637 bp barcode sequences. The sequences are 6.29 %–10.55 % divergent from the other barcoded taxa of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FB39FCDE191BFC26" baseAuthorityName="Clerck" baseAuthorityYear="1759" box="[1237,1346,891,917]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicostella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FB39FCDE191BFC26" box="[1237,1346,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">bicostella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F3032FFFA62207FF06FC3A1D1BFC0A" box="[234,322,927,953]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="27.[151,239,723,747]" captionText="TABLE 1. Interspecific mean Kimura 2-parameter divergences (%) among members of the Pleurota bicostella species group, based on the analysis of the DNA barcode sequence of the COI gene. Maximum intraspecific distances are shown in grey cells. Number of examined specimens are given in parentheses." pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The nearest neighbour to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FD65FC3A1EA2FC0A" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[649,763,927,953]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FD65FC3A1EA2FC0A" box="[649,763,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">illucidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FCCEFC051FFCFC0A" authorityName="Tabell & Wikström & Mutanen & Bruckner & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2021" box="[802,933,927,953]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kullbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FCCEFC051FFCFC0A" box="[802,933,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. kullbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a 6.29 % divergence. The divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FF17FC661D34FC6E" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[251,365,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF17FC661D34FC6E" box="[251,365,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">illucidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FE4FFC661E49FC6E" baseAuthorityName="Clerck" baseAuthorityYear="1759" box="[419,528,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicostella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FE4FFC661E49FC6E" box="[419,528,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">bicostella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 8.68 %. The barcodes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FCA5FC661FE2FC6E" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[841,955,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FCA5FC661FE2FC6E" box="[841,955,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">illucidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit no intraspecific variation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36B651FFFA62207FF2BFC4218FEF962" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BFC421DA9FB4E" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF2BFC421D00FBB2" bold="true" box="[199,345,999,1025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult. Wingspan 16.6–18.0 mm. Labial palpus off-white, ventrally brown, mixed with white, 6.9 x as long as diameter of eye (1
|
||
<superScript id="7C049BDCFFA62207FE07FBAE1DAFFBAA" attach="left" box="[491,502,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">st</superScript>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C049BDCFFA62207FDD5FBAE1E10FBAA" attach="left" box="[569,585,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">nd</superScript>
|
||
palpomeres), 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C049BDCFFA62207FD1AFBAE1F5DFBAA" attach="left" box="[758,772,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">rd</superScript>
|
||
palpomere 0.27 x length of 1
|
||
<superScript id="7C049BDCFFA62207FBA7FBAE180FFBAA" attach="left" box="[1099,1110,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">st</superScript>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C049BDCFFA62207FB75FBAE18F0FBAA" attach="left" box="[1177,1193,1035,1049]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">nd</superScript>
|
||
palpomeres. Antenna brown. Head, thorax and tegula off-white, mixed with pale brown. Forewing off-white, mixed with pale ochre, pale grey and pale brown scales, small but distinct discal and discocellular spots formed of dark brown scales, plical streak distinct, in outer 0.5 indistinct brown longitudinal streaks, fringe line distinct; costal line white, from near base to 0.8; subcostal line brown, slightly expanded towards apex. Fringe off-white, with subapical pale grey line. Hindwing pale grey, fringe pale grey, apically white. Abdomen pale grey, slightly lustrous, each segment with a transverse row of ochre scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BFAA219DDFA66" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Male genitalia. Uncus triangular from ventral view, slightly longer than gnathos, covered with several long and short bristles, apex with finger-shaped protuberance. Gnathos funnel-shaped from ventral view, evenly tapered towards apex, apical half surfaced with scobination, apex rounded. Valva slightly upwardly oblique, ventral margin medially bulged; cucullus moderately narrow; valval lobe finger-shaped, distal margin lined with a few nodules with short bristles. Anterior extension of juxta straight, median plate broad; posterior lobe exceeding the base of uncus. Phallus slightly arched, parallel-sided, with one plate-shaped cornutus and a few indistinct small nodules.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BFA7A18FEF962" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Female genitalia. Papilla analis elongate, covered with short and long bristles. Apophysis posterioris 3.5 x as long as papilla analis and 1.9 x as long as apophysis anterioris, apophysis anterioris 1.35 x as long as segment 8. Segment 8 quadrate, lateral margin sclerotized by a narrow band, proximal margin convex, strongly sclerotized, medially broader, caudal margin indistinct, concave, lined with several bristles; ventral longitudinal sclerotization broad, ovoid. Antrum slightly shorter than segment 8, anteriorly tapered and more sclerotized. Ductus bursae membranous, as broad as antrum. Corpus bursae ovoid, very large, with one crescent-shaped signum bearing two narrow and long protuberances, and two smaller leaf-shaped posterior signa of different size.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36B651FFFA62207FF2BF97E1D80F8AA" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BF97E1D80F8AA" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF2BF97E1D7EF946" bold="true" box="[199,295,1755,1781]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown. The specimens collected by the first author were netted from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FB92F97E1D7AF8A9" authority="Spenn" authorityName="Spenn" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosmarinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FB92F97E1914F946" box="[1150,1357,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Salvia rosmarinus</emphasis>
|
||
Spenn (Lamiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a pine forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36B651FFFA62207FF2BF8861DA8F835" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BF8861D9BF88E" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" box="[199,450,1827,1853]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF2BF8861D38F88E" bold="true" box="[199,353,1827,1853]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3667604FFA62207FE8BF8861DE7F88E" box="[359,446,1827,1853]" name="Tunisia" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE3694FFA62207FF2BF8E21DA8F835" blockId="13.[151,1437,422,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FF2BF8E21D7CF8D2" bold="true" box="[199,293,1863,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Results.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FEC7F8ED1DE1F8D2" authorityName="Chretien, GP" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Chretien" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[299,440,1863,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illucidella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FEC7F8ED1DE1F8D2" box="[299,440,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. illucidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D17FFA62207FD2DF8E21F77F8D2" baseAuthorityName="Clerck" baseAuthorityYear="1759" box="[705,814,1863,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Pleurota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicostella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FD2DF8E21F77F8D2" box="[705,814,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">bicostella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B65FFA62207FCBAF8E21FBDF8D2" author="Back, H. E." box="[854,996,1863,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refId="ref16879" refString="Back, H. E. (1973) Untersuchungen uber die Systematik und Zoogeographie der Gattung Pleurota (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae). Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der philosophie der Philosophischen Fakultat der Universitat des Saarlandes, vorleget von Hans-Erkmar Back. Philosophischen Fakultat der Universitat des Saarlandes, Saarbrucken, 414 pp., 33 Tafeln." type="book" year="1973">Back (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Both morphology and genetics suggest it is a valid species (
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA86FFA62207FE97F8CE1DB9F836" bold="true" box="[379,480,1899,1925]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">stat. rev.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |