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<document id="7CDD0B03F915427DD610EBB93C526C61" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6659f502-4940-4db3-aeb3-0bcc1d93932b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238716" ID-ZooBank="9BCFFC47-43D1-47B8-BA56-70A129E6A63F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461265301257" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher &amp; Huang, Guo-Hua" docDate="2015" docId="03BB102DFFF6CE50A2B51FE7F313A698" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03989p138.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3989 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Andraca bipunctata Walker" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="FF826855FFB6CE11A2221D23F769A430" masterDocTitle="The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1698610489227" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="C1D914CB5CCB1545727B0E37E25647B4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6FE05D317BCDD8CDA2E92D761FE6C46D">
<mods:title id="C754F34E8146641A75E6000D4341BB3C">The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="568928F55FCAAE357594B9493ED2E7C1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="139D358DD0D71D6E6B6A1E245AEB8089">
<mods:roleTerm id="E0E02CFEA78C699755B02A86AE0BA8CD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2FF7BCA6FF9C9ADD1B82B4CDFE96EEC2">Wang, Xing</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="131FBA61FF27732F9B627BD8720DD186" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CF45341877109C6B67A99223172ADA0D">
<mods:roleTerm id="ECD1587BAADF49C8E35A26ACE96D2A87">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D85043B4EE589718792142A86607882E">Wang, Min</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5F7075489458D4F9559231452B2CCB74" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B9F07682DF951CFF64E5ED05642D52F0">
<mods:roleTerm id="596B03084359FD6753C01C68F5F28DA2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6E36D7814757C7F8F9D8DDEF78B4F14C">Zolotuhin, Vadim V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EAA72460CF271404E475E1B50D09BA07" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D18585515B1B4FBFAE1E152A039EA05A">
<mods:roleTerm id="C77447CA156AD1596FFB739F203E4B67">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="329EBDBB23E4B499E0B364BCF9F7A503">Hirowatari, Toshiya</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AEF25375C3B5F5D3A3DC700D9B875DC9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="40A4222329E4A788E430F339104EDF79">
<mods:roleTerm id="79ECC2890094D40E922AF699FB89A433">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BC0C35D89E3898F887C33238B07F696E">Wu, Shipher</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D72AD4C8C1374E2F6168D37983EBFDA2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8F8C574DAFBC16F5136099EA37D17817">
<mods:roleTerm id="FA33319818AB0F35223E7005747D824D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="35F5B535F7F163E6EC22BADA3A6AFAEB">Huang, Guo-Hua</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C1839F740DAD095A9FCE39EB1A39A229">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1937B0B5C40C826E3FC571FB59102DB3">
<mods:title id="9D2EDC3A858C95F8070171A8F65FA82C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9F2F86CF069F373F472393A18B8E61F8">
<mods:date id="924C4C617C53DD6983660BE218017068">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CD9D0CE77ED55EFB18B0C5FCD55950ED" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7955A47DDEE1817C73B1767F81A85F4D">3989</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="310E4ACE26D397A4422907A145763EFC" type="issue">
<mods:number id="38F9B73C561E0F476DA1B2AEB609B9D5">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="933A47E0D49C6B68E2AE8D4E4B4CABE2">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="21518162710A275D8895D141124A14C8">138</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="B1F0FE989809705A29D7E7ABFFCD4C5A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CDA3AD76964F3E78C033DE47BC47E9A7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="284A60B9AAB60D4FD9A5DE5ABC2B260B" type="GBIF-Dataset">6659f502-4940-4db3-aeb3-0bcc1d93932b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7A2ED8DFBFBC2E81165A06A56A8817E8" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8E428DDF12310E8BE7639F357FB1FE52" type="Zenodo-Dep">238716</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A89353533B1A435BB5C478BB1F7F3A52" type="ZooBank">9BCFFC47-43D1-47B8-BA56-70A129E6A63F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03BB102DFFF6CE50A2B51FE7F313A698" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6115965" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119637982" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6115965" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB102DFFF6CE50A2B51FE7F313A698" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB102DFFF6CE50A2B51FE7F313A698" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF6CE51A2B51FE7F419A6ED" box="[151,880,708,733]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51FE7F419A6ED" blockId="64.[151,880,708,733]" box="[151,880,708,733]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<heading id="D0E51657FFF6CE51A2B51FE7F419A6ED" bold="true" box="[151,880,708,733]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51FE7F419A6ED" bold="true" box="[151,880,708,733]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
38.
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A2E31FE7F56DA6ED" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[193,516,708,733]" class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E31FE7F6CCA6ED" bold="true" box="[193,421,708,733]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Andraca bipunctata</emphasis>
Walker
</taxonomicName>
, l865 (
<figureCitation id="1329BDBEFFF6CE51A0731FE7F59AA6ED" box="[593,755,708,733]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="68.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[285,1343,199,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[222,1364,167,1906]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURE 23. Adults and labels of Andraca spp. A. A. bipunctata, male (Thailand); B. A. bipunctata, female (Nepal); C. A. bipunctata, male (Yunnan); D – E. A. olivacea, male (Taiwan), type; F. A. olivacea, male (Guangxi); G. A. olivacea olivacens, male (Fujian), lectotype; H. A. olivacea olivacens, female (Fujian), paralectotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238738/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURES 23</figureCitation>
A–C, 25A)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF6CE51A2B51E2FF4C3A76F" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51E2FF608A770" blockId="64.[151,1437,780,863]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A2B51E2FF69DA712" authority="Walker, 1865" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,500,780,802]" class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51E2FF60BA712" box="[151,354,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Andraca bipunctata</emphasis>
Walker, 1865
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A0221E2EF4AFA712" box="[512,966,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus.</emphasis>
32: 582. TL: “Hindostan” [
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A6C11E2FF277A712" box="[1251,1310,780,802]" name="India" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">India</collectingCountry>
].
<typeStatus id="54A91F99FFF6CE51A7121E2EF2F0A712" box="[1328,1433,781,802]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
: male (ZMHU).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51E6AF4C3A76F" blockId="64.[151,1437,780,863]" box="[151,938,841,863]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A2B51E6AF69BA76F" authority="Walker, 1862" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,498,841,863]" class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51E6AF608A76F" box="[151,353,841,863]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Andraca bipunctata</emphasis>
Walker, 1862
</taxonomicName>
: Chu &amp; Wang, 1993,
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A0EE1E6AF438A76F" box="[716,849,841,863]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Sinozoologia</emphasis>
10: 241.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF6CE51A2B51EA5F60DA17F" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51EA5F585A7F3" blockId="64.[151,1437,902,1503]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51EA5F678A7AF" bold="true" box="[151,273,902,927]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This dark-coloured species can be identified by the serrate outer margins of the fore- and hindwings, more strongly developed in the male than the female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2E51EEDF4C4A0D3" blockId="64.[151,1437,902,1503]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E51EEDF6AFA7D7" bold="true" box="[199,454,974,999]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
[SICHUAN] Panzhihua City:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A1391EECF401A7D7" box="[795,872,974,999]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Mt. Daheishan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A6071EEDF315A7D6" box="[1061,1148,974,999]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A6A51EEDF229A7D7" box="[1159,1344,974,999]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2002-09">September 2002</date>
, Ying
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A7AA1EECF7DDA03B" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
leg. via P. Kautt, IB 02+
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A3F41ED0F540A03B" box="[470,553,1011,1035]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2003-01">Jan. 03</date>
, W.A. Nässig collection (MWM); [GUIZHOU] Jiangkou County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A73B1ED0F201A03B" box="[1305,1384,1010,1035]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Mt. Fanjingshan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A30D1935F6EEA01E" box="[303,391,1046,1071]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A3B71934F540A01F" box="[405,553,1047,1071]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2002-08">August 2002</date>
, Li
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A0741934F5F9A01F" box="[598,656,1046,1071]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
leg. via Peter Kautt (MWM); [YUNNAN] Yunxian County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A76A1934F2F1A01F" box="[1352,1432,1046,1071]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Mt. Dabingshan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A37B1918F6D9A062" box="[345,432,1083,1107]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A3991918F558A063" box="[443,561,1083,1107]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2000-05">May 2000</date>
, native collector leg. (MWM);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A1AF1919F48FA063" box="[909,998,1082,1107]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
, N-Changyuan village, Guokandashan,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A2B5197DF638A047" box="[151,337,1118,1143]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1999-09">September 1999</date>
, Wang &amp; Li leg. (MWM); Lancang County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A16E197CF4CAA047" box="[844,931,1118,1143]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A1F8197DF323A047" box="[986,1098,1118,1143]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
, Mt. Fuli,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A6E3197CF271A046" box="[1217,1304,1119,1143]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A706197DF7BBA0AB" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1999-09">September 1999</date>
, Wang &amp; Li leg. (MWM); Baoshan County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A0CE19A0F456A0AB" box="[748,831,1154,1179]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Mt. Gaoligongshan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A61D19A0F3F3A0AA" box="[1087,1178,1155,1179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="4000.0">4000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A68919A1F23FA0AB" box="[1195,1366,1154,1179]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2001-02">February 2001</date>
, local collector leg. via P. Kautt, IB 02 +
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A01D1984F5FDA08F" box="[575,660,1191,1215]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2003-01">Jan. 03</date>
, W.A. Nässig collection (MWM); Yunlong County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A6DF1984F20CA08F" box="[1277,1381,1190,1215]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Mt. Wubaoshan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A30A19E9F616A0D2" box="[296,383,1226,1251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A3A919E8F53EA0D3" box="[395,599,1227,1251]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2000-05" valueMax="2000-06-31" valueMin="2000-05-00">May to June 2000</date>
, native collector leg. (MWM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2E519CDF60DA17F" blockId="64.[151,1437,902,1503]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E519CDF623A137" bold="true" box="[199,330,1262,1287]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Bionomics.</emphasis>
Adults appear from late August to February in
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A1A319CDF4ADA137" box="[897,964,1262,1287]" name="China" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A62019CDF301A137" box="[1026,1128,1262,1287]" name="Thailand" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, and from June to July or October to December in
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A3921831F69AA11B" box="[432,499,1298,1323]" name="Nepal" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nepal</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A00E1831F500A11B" box="[556,617,1298,1323]" name="India" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">India</collectingCountry>
. Pupation takes place in a thin cocoon of brown silk spun among leaves (Holloway, 1987).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF6CE51A2E51879F788A1A7" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2E51879F788A1A7" blockId="64.[151,1437,902,1503]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E51879F609A143" bold="true" box="[199,352,1370,1395]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</emphasis>
Mainland
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A3C61879F54EA143" box="[484,551,1370,1395]" name="China" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">China</collectingCountry>
(Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan),
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A1AD1878F497A143" box="[911,1022,1371,1395]" name="Myanmar" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A6581879F389A143" box="[1146,1248,1370,1395]" name="Thailand" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A7791879F2FEA143" box="[1371,1431,1370,1395]" name="India" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A2B5185DF7B7A1A7" box="[151,222,1406,1431]" name="Nepal" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nepal</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF6CE51A2E51881F3AFA25C" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2E51881F258A1EF" blockId="64.[151,1437,902,1503]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E51881F652A18B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1442,1467]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Remarks.</emphasis>
The species is apparently endemic to the southern Himalaya. Robinson et al. (2010) reported the host plant as
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A30818E5F683A1EE" box="[298,490,1478,1503]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A30818E5F683A1EE" box="[298,490,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Camellia sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) O. Ktze., 1887 (
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A0EF18E5F45EA1EF" box="[717,823,1478,1503]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Theaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A15018E5F48FA1EF" box="[882,998,1478,1503]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Symplocaceae" genus="Symplocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A15018E5F48FA1EF" box="[882,998,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Symplocos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A60A18E5F3A1A1EF" box="[1064,1224,1478,1503]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Symplocaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Symplocaceae</taxonomicName>
) in
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A6D018E5F244A1EF" box="[1266,1325,1478,1503]" name="India" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51B2DF408A217" blockId="64.[151,865,1550,1575]" box="[151,865,1550,1575]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51B2DF7D3A217" bold="true" box="[151,186,1550,1575]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A2E31B2DF53EA217" authority="(Matsumura, 1909)" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1909" baseAuthorityName="Matsumura" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[193,599,1550,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Bombycidae" genus="Andraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E31B2DF600A217" bold="true" box="[193,361,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Andraca theae</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A3581B2DF53EA217" bold="true" box="[378,599,1550,1575]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Matsumura, 1909)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A07C1B2DF408A217" bold="true" box="[606,865,1550,1575]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">(FIGURES 24C, 25B)</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51B74F3AFA25C" blockId="64.[151,1222,1622,1645]" box="[151,1222,1622,1645]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF6CE51A2B51B74F6A0A25C" authority="Matsumura, 1909" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,457,1622,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Drepanidae" genus="Oreta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51B74F667A25C" box="[151,270,1622,1644]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Oreta theae</emphasis>
Matsumura, 1909
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A3F61B75F58BA25D" box="[468,738,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Thousand Insects of
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A0861B7BF58BA25D" box="[676,738,1624,1645]" name="Japan" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Japan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
1: 134, pl. 13, fig. 10. TL:
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A1D51B74F326A25C" box="[1015,1103,1623,1644]" name="Taiwan" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Formosa</collectingCountry>
(=
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A6481B75F3D3A25C" box="[1130,1210,1622,1644]" name="Taiwan" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF6CE50A2B51BB7F255A60C" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE51A2B51BB7F3FCA2E0" blockId="64.[151,1437,1684,2033]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2B51BB7F678A29D" bold="true" box="[151,273,1684,1709]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Characterized by the dark red ochre wings with simple pattern, triangular uncus with a narrowly spatulate apex, an apically bifurcate valva, and a curved aedeagus with dense apical spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF6CE50A2E51BFFF4E3A5B8" blockId="64.[151,1437,1684,2033]" lastBlockId="65.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF6CE51A2E51BFFF6A0A2C5" bold="true" box="[199,457,1756,1781]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
[
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF6CE51A3FB1BFFF525A2C4" box="[473,588,1756,1780]" name="Taiwan" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
] Taipei City:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A0CF1BFFF420A2C5" box="[749,841,1756,1781]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A1751BFFF485A2C5" box="[855,1004,1756,1781]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2009-08-15">15.VIII.2009</date>
, Shipher Wu leg. (HUNAU); Nantou County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A2DA1A23F638A328" box="[248,337,1791,1816]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, Mt. Shishan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A3D31BDCF52EA327" box="[497,583,1791,1816]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2450.0">2450 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A0711A23F5AEA328" box="[595,711,1792,1816]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2011-05-13">13.V.2011</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A6F01A23F242A328" box="[1234,1323,1791,1816]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, Meifeng,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A2B51A07F787A30C" box="[151,238,1828,1852]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A2D91A07F618A30C" box="[251,369,1828,1852]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2012-02-14">14.II.2012</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A1A01A07F48FA30D" box="[898,998,1828,1853]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, Shishan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A67B1A07F3D8A30C" box="[1113,1201,1828,1853]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2450.0">2450 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A69F1A07F250A30C" box="[1213,1337,1828,1852]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2011-07-07">7.VII.2011</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A0691A6BF5F5A350" box="[587,668,1863,1888]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Tatajia,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A1251A64F408A36F" box="[775,865,1863,1888]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2610.0">2610 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A1521A6BF48AA350" box="[880,995,1864,1888]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2011-05-12">12.V.2011</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A2DA1A4FF620A3B5" box="[248,329,1900,1925]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Meifeng,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A3E51A4FF548A3B4" box="[455,545,1900,1924]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A0121A4FF5F0A3B5" box="[560,665,1900,1925]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2013-02-06">6.II.2013</date>
, Shipher Wu leg. (TFRI); Hualien County (Guanyuan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A7391A4FF21EA3B4" box="[1307,1399,1900,1924]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</quantity>
):
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A7AC1A4FF7B9A398" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A2FF1AB3F601A398" box="[221,360,1936,1960]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2012-07-18">18.VII.2012</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A15D1AB3F4A7A398" box="[895,974,1935,1960]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A1F91AB3F319A398" box="[987,1136,1936,1960]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2012-08-13">13.VIII.2012</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A3A11A97F6BCA3FD" box="[387,469,1972,1997]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A3C71A97F50DA3FD" box="[485,612,1972,1997]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2013-04-16">16.IV.2013</date>
, Shipher Wu leg. (TFRI); Miaoli County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A67F1A97F3D2A3FD" box="[1117,1211,1972,1997]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
, Guanwu,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A71E1A97F2FEA3FC" box="[1340,1431,1972,1996]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A2B51AFBF67DA3C0" box="[151,276,2008,2032]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2011-04-29">29.IV.2011</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI); Chiayi County:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF6CE51A1CF1AFBF357A3C1" box="[1005,1086,2008,2033]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, Alishan,
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF6CE51A6911AFBF264A3C0" box="[1203,1293,2008,2032]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF6CE51A7391AFBF2FEA3C0" box="[1307,1431,2008,2032]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="2011-07-07">7.VII.2011</date>
, Shipher Wu &amp; Wei-Chun Chang leg. (TFRI);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF7CE50A0BD1DBBF46CA480" box="[671,773,151,176]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">88 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF7CE50A11F1DBBF4C3A480" box="[829,938,151,176]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
from different counties of
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A6FF1DB4F246A480" box="[1245,1327,151,176]" name="Taiwan" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(Taitung, Kaoshiung, Nantou, Hualien, Miaoli, Taipei, Chia) (MWM); [ANHUI] Huangshan City:
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF7CE50A6B91D9FF39EA4E5" box="[1179,1271,188,213]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, Houxi Town,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF7CE50A2B51DC3F670A4C8" box="[151,281,224,248]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2010-06-28">28.VI.2010</date>
, larvae collected in the field and reared to adults by Dr. Guo-Hua Huang (HUNAU); [HUNAN] Taoyuan County (Wuyunjie National NR):
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF7CE50A05F1C27F58DA52D" box="[637,740,260,285]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">10 males</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF7CE50A0D21C27F404A52C" box="[752,877,260,284]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2010-07-02">2.VII.2010</date>
, larvae collected in the field by Hong-Chun Zhou and reared to adults the Entomological Laboratory of HUNAU by Dr. Guo-Hua Huang (HUNAU); [GUANGDONG] Ruyuan County (Nanling National NR):
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF7CE50A11E1C6FF4E5A555" box="[828,908,332,357]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF7CE50A1B81C6FF372A554" box="[922,1051,332,356]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2003-03-29">29.III.2003</date>
, Guo-Hua Huang leg. (SCAU);
<specimenCount id="9D146AB2FFF7CE50A7AC1C6FF7B9A5B8" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF7CE50A2F91C53F619A5B8" box="[219,368,368,392]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="2003-08-12">12.VIII.2003</date>
, Guo-Hua Huang &amp; De-Yu Xin leg. (HUNAU).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF7CE50A2E51CB7F255A60C" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A2E51CB7F623A59D" bold="true" box="[199,330,404,429]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Bionomics.</emphasis>
The larval host plants consist of
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A0E51CB7F4EEA59C" box="[711,903,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A0E51CB7F4EEA59C" box="[711,903,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Camellia sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) O. Ktze., 1887=
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A6581CB7F2FEA59D" authority="Linn., 1753" authorityName="Linn." authorityYear="1753" box="[1146,1431,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Thea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ericales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A6581CB7F267A59C" box="[1146,1294,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Thea sinensis</emphasis>
Linn., 1753
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A2B51C94F792A5E0" box="[151,251,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A2B51C94F792A5E0" box="[151,251,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Camellia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A3191C94F569A5E0" box="[315,512,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pentaphylacaceae" genus="Cleyera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ochnacea">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A3191C94F569A5E0" box="[315,512,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Cleyera ochnacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC.,
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A0601C9AF415A5E0" authority="Thunb. 1783" authorityName="Thunb." authorityYear="1783" box="[578,892,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pentaphylacaceae" genus="Eurya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A0601C9AF583A5E0" box="[578,746,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Eurya japonica</emphasis>
Thunb. 1783
</taxonomicName>
(all
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A18C1C94F37EA5E0" box="[942,1047,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Theaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C12DAB8FFF7CE50A6711C94F6CAA5C5" authority="D. Don, 1823" authorityName="D. Don" authorityYear="1823" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Melastoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candidum">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A6711C94F257A5E0" box="[1107,1342,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Melastoma candidum</emphasis>
D. Don, 1823 (Melastomataceae)
</taxonomicName>
(Sonan, 1937). Adults appear from February to August in lower or upper montane forests at elevations of
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF7CE50A30B1F23F6DAA627" box="[297,435,512,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="1650.0" valueMax="2900.0" valueMin="400.0">400–2900 m</quantity>
in
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A3F41CDCF54FA628" box="[470,550,511,536]" name="Taiwan" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(Lin, 2005) (Plate 8D–8E), although it is most common between
<date id="FFAC87FBFFF7CE50A6D81CDCF2F5A628" box="[1274,1436,511,536]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1850" valueMax="2700">
1850 and
<quantity id="4CEA0CDEFFF7CE50A7441F23F2F5A628" box="[1382,1436,512,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700</quantity>
</date>
m. The eggs are laid on the surfaces of the leaves of the hosts, and the larvae live gregariously (Plate 8F–8G).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF7CE50A2E51F64F32FA650" box="[199,1094,583,608]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF7CE50A2E51F64F32FA650" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,680]" box="[199,1094,583,608]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A2E51F64F609A650" bold="true" box="[199,352,583,608]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Distribution.</emphasis>
Mainland
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A3FB1F64F575A650" box="[473,540,583,608]" name="China" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">China</collectingCountry>
(Anhui, Hunan, Guangdong) and
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A1BE1F64F498A650" box="[924,1009,583,608]" name="Taiwan" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A1DE1F64F32AA650" box="[1020,1091,583,608]" name="Nepal" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Nepal</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308F2B0FFF7CE50A2E51F4FF313A698" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BADA13BFFF7CE50A2E51F4FF313A698" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A2E51F4FF652A6B5" bold="true" box="[199,315,620,645]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Remarks.</emphasis>
Caterpillars in
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A3CB1F4FF552A6B5" box="[489,571,620,645]" name="Taiwan" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
were photographed by Wang (1995) and Lin (2005), and on Mainland
<collectingCountry id="F305E1ABFFF7CE50A77B1F4FF2F5A6B5" box="[1369,1436,620,645]" name="China" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">China</collectingCountry>
by Wang
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A3231FB2F653A698" box="[257,314,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
(2011). More details are given by Zolotuhin (2012) &amp; Wang
<emphasis id="B9667D29FFF7CE50A1CB1FB2F348A698" box="[1001,1057,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
(2012).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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