910 lines
133 KiB
XML
910 lines
133 KiB
XML
<document id="D577F5C8933BD3B39E648BF327F279FA" ID-CLB-Dataset="127383" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2022.2092429" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3cf6a07e-1580-4cfd-b8b6-74f51dbd72d7" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012096" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1660989733513" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Carvalho, Edrielly Carolinne & Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2022" docId="03B2C019B129FFDCF3B4F9F1FB472F5B" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.56.13-16.769-828.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 56 (13 - 16)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2092429" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Bolbapium Boucomont 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="780" masterDocId="FF8BB861B12BFFD7F26FFFF8FFC32B1C" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Geotrupidae)" masterLastPageNumber="828" masterPageNumber="769" pageNumber="771" updateTime="1699370716173" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="ED78FDC5AA0CF6658740998C41569516">A taxonomic revision of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Geotrupidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CAF44849DCF711755EB61F0D74F17761">Carvalho, Edrielly Carolinne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F411438B270AFCD390207E7C9ACABDE5">Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2D2FD49A53F73F5DC2E1EBF5C8F24796">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3AAC872E5F54DBDCEF2E36B9F37D8D0A">
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<mods:date id="E75D0E13656ED3A04BD9331F25027E93">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="55A333A6AC051B2E070159EB21CE26EA">13 - 16</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B2C019B129FFDCF3B4F9F1FB472F5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012102" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199724763" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012102" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2C019B129FFDCF3B4F9F1FB472F5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2C019B129FFDCF3B4F9F1FB472F5B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="780" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">
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<subSubSection id="C3012284B129FFD5F3B4F9F1FC8B2D38" box="[475,840,1545,1572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA4710FB129FFD5F3B4F9F1FC8B2D38" blockId="2.[475,840,1545,1572]" box="[475,840,1545,1572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">
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<heading id="D0ECC663B129FFD5F3B4F9F1FC8B2D38" box="[475,840,1545,1572]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB129FFD5F3B4F9F1FC8B2D38" authority="Boucomont, 1910" authorityName="Boucomont" authorityYear="1910" box="[475,840,1545,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB129FFD5F3B4F9F1FDA52D38" bold="true" box="[475,614,1545,1572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">Bolbapium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB129FFD5F001F9F1FC8B2D38" author="Boucomont A" box="[622,840,1545,1572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" pagination="333 - 350" refId="ref38451" refString="Boucomont A. 1910. Contribucion a la classification des Geotrupidae. Ann Soc Entomol Fr A. 79: 333 - 350." type="journal article" year="1910">Boucomont, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B129FFD5F2CFF9C7FC102DDC" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA4710FB129FFD5F2CFF9C7FD182D67" blockId="2.[160,1156,1599,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B5621B129FFD5F2CFF9C7FD182D67" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA571EB129FFD5F2CFF9C7FD272D44" author="Boucomont A" box="[160,740,1599,1624]" page="342" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" year="1910">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB129FFD5F2CFF9C7FD272D44" authority="Boucomont 1910: 340 - 342" authorityName="Boucomont" authorityPageNumber="340 - 342" authorityYear="1910" box="[160,740,1599,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Bolbapium">
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB129FFD5F2CFF9C7FED62D44" box="[160,277,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">Bolboceras</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB129FFD5F347F9C7FE5E2D44" box="[296,413,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">Bolbapium</emphasis>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB129FFD5F3DFF9C7FD272D44" author="Boucomont A" box="[432,740,1599,1624]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" pagination="333 - 350" refId="ref38451" refString="Boucomont A. 1910. Contribucion a la classification des Geotrupidae. Ann Soc Entomol Fr A. 79: 333 - 350." type="journal article" year="1910">Boucomont 1910: 340–342</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(review); 1912: 7 (catalogue); 1932: 266–268 (key).
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA571EB129FFD5F306F99AFDA72D67" author="Blackwelder RE" box="[361,612,1634,1659]" page="220" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" year="1944">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB129FFD5F306F99AFDA72D67" author="Blackwelder RE" box="[361,612,1634,1659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" pagination="1 - 1492" refId="ref38308" refString="Blackwelder RE. 1944. Checklist of the Coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America The West Indies, and South America, Part 2. Smithsonian Inst US Nat Mus. 185: 1 - 1492." type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 220</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(checklist)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA4710FB129FFD5F2CFF97DFC102DDC" blockId="2.[160,1156,1599,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B5621B129FFD5F2CFF97DFC102DDC" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB129FFD5F2CFF97DFDFC2D82" authority=": Howden, 1954: 142 - 143" authorityName=": Howden" authorityPageNumber="142 - 143" authorityYear="1954" box="[160,575,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB129FFD5F2CFF97DFED52D82" box="[160,278,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="771">Bolbapium</emphasis>
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: Howden, 1954: 142–143
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</taxonomicName>
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(note); 1973: 1569;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA571EB129FFD5F15FF97DFBD22D82" author="Martinez A" box="[816,1041,1669,1694]" page="532" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB129FFD5F15FF97DFBD22D82" author="Martinez A" box="[816,1041,1669,1694]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" pagination="531 - 551" refId="ref39092" refString="Martinez A. 1976. Contribution al conocimento de los Bolboceratini sudamericanos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Geotrupinae, Bolboceratini). Studia Entomologica. 19 (1 / 4): 531 - 551." type="journal article" year="1976">Martínez 1976: 532</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 546, 547 (checklist);
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABA571EB129FFD5F352F95FFD412DDC" author="Howden HF & Cooper JB" box="[317,642,1703,1728]" page="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" year="1977">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB129FFD5F352F95FFD412DDC" author="Howden HF & Cooper JB" box="[317,642,1703,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="771" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref38662" refString="Howden HF, Cooper JB. 1977. The generic classification of the Bolboceratini of the Australian region, with descriptions of four new genera (Scarabaeidae: Geotrupinae). Aust J Zool Supplementary Ser. 25 (50): 1 - 50. doi: 10.1071 / AJZS 050." type="journal article" year="1977">Howden and Cooper 1977: 2</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 4–7, 18, 34, 36 (classification)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B128FFD4F2CFFF76FED22A2F" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB128FFD4F2CFFF76FEA22BB4" blockId="3.[160,1155,142,307]" box="[160,353,142,168]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">
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||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F2CFFF76FEA22BB4" bold="true" box="[160,353,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Genus diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB128FFD4F2CFFF4AFED22A2F" blockId="3.[160,1155,142,307]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">
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||
Subtrapezoidal clypeus; suture clypeo-frontal trituberculated; elytra with five striae as dotted lines, between suture and humeral callus; scutellum slightly longer than wide and middle legs well separated, space between them almost as wide as long; globose species (
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||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB128FFD4F2C7FEE2FEC72A2F" box="[168,260,282,307]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1675,1698]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,913,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-217@3.[163,1153,909,1644]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Diagnostic characters of Bolbapium. (a). Dorsal view, five striae between the suture and the humeral callus; (b). subtrapezoidal clypeus; (c). trituberculated clypeo-frontal suture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012098/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B128FFD4F2CFFE92FCF22A98" box="[160,817,362,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BA4710FB128FFD4F2CFFE92FCF22A98" blockId="3.[160,817,362,388]" box="[160,817,362,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">
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||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F2CFFE92FEF02A98" bold="true" box="[160,307,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">
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||
<typeStatus id="54A0CFADB128FFD4F2CFFE92FF1B2A98" box="[160,216,362,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB128FFD4F32CFE93FCEF2A98" authority="Castelnau, 1840" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityYear="1840" box="[323,812,363,388]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatopunctatus">
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F32CFE93FDB22A98" box="[323,625,363,388]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Bolboceras striatopunctatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB128FFD4F016FE93FCEF2A98" author="Castelnau" box="[633,812,363,388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" pagination="564" refId="ref38516" refString="Castelnau le compte de [= F. L. N. de Laporte]. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Vol. 2. Paris: P. Dumenil; p. 564." type="book chapter" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3012284B128FFD2F2CFFE44FD8428BE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="774" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA4710FB128FFD2F2CFFE44FD8428BE" blockId="3.[160,1155,444,851]" lastBlockId="5.[160,1156,142,930]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="774" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F2CFFE44FEFA2ACA" bold="true" box="[160,313,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Total length.</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CE3DCEAB128FFD4F326FE45FE0E2ACA" box="[329,461,445,470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.05" metricValueMax="9.4" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" unit="mm" value="7.05" valueMax="9.4" valueMin="4.7">4.7–9.4 mm</quantity>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F3B5FE45FDEB2ACA" bold="true" box="[474,552,445,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Colour</emphasis>
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||
: uniformly dark brown or reddish brown, with elytral suture and posterior scutellar region darker.
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F0FAFE18FD102AE5" bold="true" box="[661,723,480,505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Head</emphasis>
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||
: Subtrapezoidal clypeus, with rugouse sculpture in the upper region; clypeal carina trituberculated, variable width. Canthus partially divides the eyes, usually has an evident score. The frons may have a transverse carina and interocular tubercles, or not. Transverse labrum, with rounded edges and with thinner sides than the central region; surface rough and setae of ventral origin. Visible mandibles in the dorsal view; rounded, have setae at both dorsal and ventral regions; visible teeth. Maxillary palps three-segmented. Labial palps three-segmented. Antennae, in general, with the last three antennomeres flat and long (
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<figureCitation id="13206D8AB128FFD4F081FD2AFC8929F7" box="[750,842,722,747]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[160,225,911,934]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,161,876]" captionTargetId="figure-273@4.[163,1153,142,879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Bolbapium (a). Hind wings. Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (black setae 1); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (black circle); jugular wing area is not reduced (black setae 2). (b). Antenna with the last three antennomeres elongated. (c). Antenna with the last three antennomeres globose." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012104/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(b)), in some species (placed separately) they are globular in shape (
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<figureCitation id="13206D8AB128FFD4F036FD0DFD762812" box="[601,693,757,782]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[160,225,911,934]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,161,876]" captionTargetId="figure-273@4.[163,1153,142,879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Bolbapium (a). Hind wings. Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (black setae 1); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (black circle); jugular wing area is not reduced (black setae 2). (b). Antenna with the last three antennomeres elongated. (c). Antenna with the last three antennomeres globose." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012104/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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||
(c)).
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F08AFD0DFC982812" bold="true" box="[741,859,757,782]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Pronotum</emphasis>
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||
: Convex, twice as wide as long. Rounded posterior margin. Lateral margins with a row of ventral setae. Anterior, lateral and posterior margins outlined by equidistant points. Some species have ornamentation on the anterior part of the disc; in this case, median groove of the pronotum with a line of points from the rear of the elevation to the slope of the disc close to the posterior margin, a region immediately lateral to the longitudinal central groove without evident points.
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F2CFFB67FED62FA4" bold="true" box="[160,277,1183,1208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Scutellum</emphasis>
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||
: Surface with fine and irregularly arranged points on the surface. Usually subpentagonal, with parallel edges anteriorly and widely arched posteriorly.
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F19EFB3AFBBD2FC7" bold="true" box="[1009,1150,1218,1243]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Hypomeron</emphasis>
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||
: Surface covered by setae, greater concentration on the outer edge.
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F195FB1DFBBD2FE2" bold="true" box="[1018,1150,1253,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Prostenum</emphasis>
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: Extremely short compared with the mesoventrite.
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<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F0A7FAFFFCA72E3C" bold="true" box="[712,868,1287,1312]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Mesoventrite</emphasis>
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: Wider than long; smooth central disc, other parts rough and with some setae arranged transversely.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F1B2FAD2FBBD2E5F" bold="true" box="[989,1150,1322,1347]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Mesepimeron</emphasis>
|
||
: Rugged, whole surface covered by setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F01CFAB5FCE42E7A" bold="true" box="[627,807,1357,1382]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Metepisternum</emphasis>
|
||
: Elongated, gradually tapering, surface entirely covered by setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F04AFA97FD7D2E94" bold="true" box="[549,702,1391,1416]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Metaventrite</emphasis>
|
||
: central discrimen anterior area aligned with the mesocoxae and posterior area adjacent to the metacoxae; surface covered with setae, except for a small region close to the lower margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F149FA4DFCA92ED2" bold="true" box="[806,874,1461,1486]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
: Elytral suture marked by points smaller and more distant than the points of the striae. Striae indicated with points in longitudinal rows, with five striae up to the humeral callus, ranging from the base of the elytra to the apex. The first three striae connect with the last three at the apex of the elytra, the first elytral stria connecting with the tenth striae; second connecting with the ninth and third connecting with the eighth. Fourth and fifth striae end before the elytra apex. Sixth stria begins below the humeral callus. Interstria have subtle punctation.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F665F97DFBBD2D82" bold="true" box="[1034,1150,1669,1694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Epipleura</emphasis>
|
||
: Gradually narrowing towards the apex, surface with fine points and covered by setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F2CFFF76FEE02BBB" bold="true" box="[160,291,142,167]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Hind wings</emphasis>
|
||
: Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12EFFD2F363FF49FEA72BD6" box="[268,356,177,202]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[160,225,911,934]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,161,876]" captionTargetId="figure-273@4.[163,1153,142,879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Bolbapium (a). Hind wings. Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (black setae 1); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (black circle); jugular wing area is not reduced (black setae 2). (b). Antenna with the last three antennomeres elongated. (c). Antenna with the last three antennomeres globose." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12EFFD2F073FF2CFDB52BF1" box="[540,630,212,237]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[160,225,911,934]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,161,876]" captionTargetId="figure-273@4.[163,1153,142,879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Bolbapium (a). Hind wings. Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (black setae 1); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (black circle); jugular wing area is not reduced (black setae 2). (b). Antenna with the last three antennomeres elongated. (c). Antenna with the last three antennomeres globose." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)); jugular wing area not reduced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12EFFD2F66EFF2CFB982BF1" box="[1025,1115,212,237]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[160,225,911,934]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,161,876]" captionTargetId="figure-273@4.[163,1153,142,879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Bolbapium (a). Hind wings. Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (black setae 1); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (black circle); jugular wing area is not reduced (black setae 2). (b). Antenna with the last three antennomeres elongated. (c). Antenna with the last three antennomeres globose." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012104/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F2CFFF0EFF152A13" bold="true" box="[160,214,246,271]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Dorsal region of the profemur with partially smooth surface; in ventral view covered by setae and points unevenly distributed. Protibiae with smooth inner edge; serrated outer edge, first large tooth, compared to the following teeth and the remaining teeth gradually smaller to the base of the tibiae; presence of a spinous spur. Meso and metafemur without evident punctuation, ventral region with some setae unevenly distributed; two carinae at the base with long bristles, equal in size of the first tarsomere. Mesotibia with expanded apex; short and slightly curved compared with pro and metatibiae. External face with two rows of teeth, the first tooth being larger than the others and the other teeth gradually smaller to the base of the tibiae; tibiae surface surrounded by bristles. Metatibiae larger than mesotibiae, characteristics of the external face are the same as the mesotibiae. Tarsomeres are coniform and have setae, the base being narrower than the apex. First and fifth tarsomeres larger than the others, with length equal to third and fourth together. Claws curved and symmetrical, the same size as the second tarsal segment. Second and third pair of legs with adjacent spurs. Both spiniform, the first being smaller than the first tarsomere and the second larger.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F3CBFD23FDDB29E8" bold="true" box="[420,536,731,756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Ventrite sides with setae; in dorsal view the first three ventrites are wider than the following ones, which gradually decrease; in ventral view, the last two ventrites have more setae than the others.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F082FCD9FC9E2826" bold="true" box="[749,861,801,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Pygidium</emphasis>
|
||
: Short and bristly.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F65AFCD9FEEC2840" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
|
||
: Males of some species present in the posterior region of the clypeus with fine and distinct punctuation, setae and carinae absent, while females have up to four setae in the same region and a rugose surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF642187B128FFD4F2CFF973FC252DA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012098/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" startId="3.[160,225,1675,1698]" targetBox="[169,1150,913,1641]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB128FFD4F2CFF973FC252DA3" blockId="3.[160,1155,1675,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F2CFF973FF392DBE" bold="true" box="[160,250,1675,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB128FFD4F39CF973FD992DBE" authorityName=": Howden" authorityYear="1954" box="[499,602,1675,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="772" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F39CF973FD992DBE" box="[499,602,1675,1698]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">Bolbapium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F00AF973FD422DBE" bold="true" box="[613,641,1675,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">(a)</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view, five striae between the suture and the humeral callus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F353F950FE9B2DA3" bold="true" box="[316,344,1704,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
. subtrapezoidal clypeus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB128FFD4F03CF950FDAE2DA3" bold="true" box="[595,621,1704,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="772">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
. trituberculated clypeo-frontal suture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF642187B12FFFD3F2CFFC77FB9E28E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012104/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="773" startId="4.[160,225,911,934]" targetBox="[165,1150,161,876]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12FFFD3F2CFFC77FB9E28E2" blockId="4.[159,1155,911,1022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F2CFFC77FF3A28BA" bold="true" box="[160,249,911,934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12FFFD3F290FC77FEA128BA" authorityName=": Howden" authorityYear="1954" box="[255,354,911,934]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="773" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F290FC77FEA128BA" box="[255,354,911,934]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">Bolbapium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F309FC77FE4228BA" bold="true" box="[358,385,911,934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">(a)</emphasis>
|
||
. Hind wings. Apex of the third branch of the radial vein directed towards the outer edge of the wing (black setae 1); between the cubital and the first anal vein articulated with the base of the wing there are two free veins (black circle); jugular wing area is not reduced (black setae 2).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F664FC31FBE428FC" bold="true" box="[1035,1063,969,992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
. Antenna with the last three antennomeres elongated.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12FFFD3F021FC1FFDA528E2" bold="true" box="[590,614,999,1022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="773">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
. Antenna with the last three antennomeres globose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B12EFFD2F2CFFC22FCDE2F40" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12EFFD2F2CFFC22FCDE2F40" blockId="5.[160,1156,986,1116]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F2CFFC22FECB28E8" bold="true" box="[160,264,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
It is easily differentiated from the other South American genera of Bolboceratini, due to the separation of the middle coxae, the shape of the clypeus and scutellum, and the number of elytral striae between the suture and the humeral callus. See the introduction to this article for more information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B12EFFD2F2CFFB6DFE332FCD" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12EFFD2F2CFFB6DFE332FCD" blockId="5.[160,1155,1173,1233]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F2CFFB6DFEEF2FB3" bold="true" box="[160,300,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F353FB6EFE722FB3" authorityName=": Howden" authorityYear="1954" box="[316,433,1174,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F353FB6EFE722FB3" box="[316,433,1174,1199]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Bolbapium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reported from the Neotropical region, with occurence in South America and Central America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B12EFFD2F2CFFAE2FF2D2D62" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12EFFD2F2CFFAE2FD822E29" blockId="5.[160,577,1306,1333]" box="[160,577,1306,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">
|
||
<heading id="D0ECC663B12EFFD2F2CFFAE2FD822E29" bold="true" box="[160,577,1306,1333]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F2CFFAE2FD822E29" bold="true" box="[160,577,1306,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Notes about the natural history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12EFFD2F2CFFAA8FF2D2D62" blockId="5.[160,1156,1360,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">
|
||
Little is known about the natural history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F0D6FAA8FCAA2E75" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1842" box="[697,873,1360,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="828" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bolboceratinae">Bolboceratinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially about those species in the Neotropical region. Some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F097FA8BFCB32E90" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1818" box="[760,880,1395,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F097FA8BFCB32E90" box="[760,880,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Bolboceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been found associated with nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F3EEFA6DFDC82EB2" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1865" box="[385,523,1429,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Acromyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F3EEFA6DFDC82EB2" box="[385,523,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Acromyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F078FA6DFD7B2EB2" box="[535,696,1429,1454]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F0AFFA6DFC822EB2" box="[704,833,1429,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12EFFD2F13CFA6DFBE22EB2" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[851,1057,1429,1454]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" pagination="427 - 454" refId="ref39038" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1931. As especies Sul-Americanas de Bolboceras. Revista Do Museu Paulista. 17: 427 - 454." type="journal article" year="1931">Luederwaldt 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), or with underground fungi (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12EFFD2F3E6FA40FDDD2ECD" author="Paulian R" box="[393,542,1464,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref39275" refString="Paulian R. 1941. Coprophaga Africana: deuxieme note, Revision des Bolboceras Africains. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique africains Bruxelles. 35 (1): 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="1941">Paulian 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12EFFD2F044FA40FD6A2ECD" author="Boilly O" box="[555,681,1464,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" pagination="19 - 31" refId="ref38346" refString="Boilly O. 2011. Les Bolboceratidae de Guyane (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea). Contribution a l'etude des Coleopteres de Guyane. 4: 19 - 31." type="journal article" year="2011">Boilly 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F091FA40FC692ECD" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1842" box="[766,938,1464,1489]" pageId="5" pageNumber="828" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Bolboceratinae">Bolboceratinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are readily attracted by light (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12EFFD2F300FA23FDFD2EE8" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[367,574,1499,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" pagination="427 - 454" refId="ref39038" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1931. As especies Sul-Americanas de Bolboceras. Revista Do Museu Paulista. 17: 427 - 454." type="journal article" year="1931">Luederwaldt 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12EFFD2F026FA23FCB12EE8" author="Howden HF & Cooper JB" box="[585,882,1499,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref38662" refString="Howden HF, Cooper JB. 1977. The generic classification of the Bolboceratini of the Australian region, with descriptions of four new genera (Scarabaeidae: Geotrupinae). Aust J Zool Supplementary Ser. 25 (50): 1 - 50. doi: 10.1071 / AJZS 050." type="journal article" year="1977">Howden and Cooper 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12EFFD2F112FA23FBCC2EE8" author="Krikken J" box="[893,1039,1499,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref38919" refString="Krikken J. 2013. Oriental Bolboceras: introduction to the genus and taxonomy of the nigricans group of species (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 156 (1): 35 - 56. doi: 10.1163 / 22119434 - 00002018." type="journal article" year="2013">Krikken 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Personal observations and analyses of the information written on individual collection labels show that the majority of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12EFFD2F3AEF9D8FD522D25" box="[449,657,1568,1593]" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12EFFD2F3AEF9D8FDFA2D25" box="[449,569,1568,1593]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="774">Bolbapium</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are collected not only in light traps, but also with flight interception (FIT), malaise and even pitfall baited with human and bovine faeces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B12DFFD1F2CFFF76FD952BBB" box="[160,598,142,167]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFF76FD952BBB" blockId="6.[160,598,142,167]" box="[160,598,142,167]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
Identification key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F3E7FF76FD952BBB" box="[392,598,142,167]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F3E7FF76FE3E2BBB" box="[392,509,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3012284B12DFFDCF2CFFF29FB472F5B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="780" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" type="key">
|
||
<key id="FF8A263EB12DFFDCF2CFFF29FB472F5B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="780" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFD1F2CFFF29FB402A78" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFF29FB402BF6" blockId="6.[160,1155,209,234]" box="[160,1155,209,234]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFF29FB402BF6" box="[160,1155,209,234]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">1 Frons with transverse carina between eyes .............................................................................. 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFEFEFB402A78" blockId="6.[160,1155,262,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFEFEFB402A78" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">1’ Frons without transverse carina between eyes; sulcus or a line of almost anastomosed punctures in occipital position and originating each side posterior to eyes is not considered this carina ...................................................................................................................... 10</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFD1F2CFFE79FB402946" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFE79FB402AC3" blockId="6.[160,1156,385,479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFE79FB402AC3" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">2 No trace of medial tubercle adjacent to each eye; clypeal longitudinal lateral carina always lower posteriorly then anteriorly if there adjacent to eye; frontal transverse carina not elevated adjacent at each side of the eye ........................................................... 3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFE03FB402946" blockId="6.[160,1155,507,602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFE03FB402946" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">2’ Frons with a single tubercle or horn adjacent to each eye; sometimes tubercle is only an angled elevation of the posterior tip of longitudinal lateral clypeal carina or of the frontal transverse carina ................................................................................................................... 4</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFD1F2CFFD8EFB472853" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFD8EFB4029C8" blockId="6.[160,1158,630,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFD8EFB4029C8" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
3 Frontal carina as wide as clypeo-frontal carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F0B8FD8EFCF12993" box="[727,818,630,655]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[163,1153,142,1511]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. (a). Head with tranverse carina,Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tranverse carina, Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure, Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure, Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (e). clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂, Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (f). pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure, Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DCEAB12DFFD1F10EFD8EFBD52993" box="[865,1046,630,655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.904999999999999" metricValueMax="8.95" metricValueMin="6.86" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" unit="mm" value="7.904999999999999" valueMax="8.95" valueMin="6.86">6.86 to 8.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Midwest, South and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F3ACFD61FDC129AE" box="[451,514,665,690]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F063FD61FDB829AE" box="[524,635,665,690]" name="Argentina" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F0E5FD61FD3029AE" box="[650,755,665,690]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="45.[160,226,878,901]" captionTargetBox="[166,1135,165,835]" captionTargetId="figure-136@45.[163,1153,142,846]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 12. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902) (white circle) and Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840) (black squares); (b). Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (white circles) and Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931) (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012128/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 12</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ................................................................. ............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F0EEFD43FB4029C8" authority="(Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[641,1155,699,724]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatopunctatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F0EEFD43FC7829C8" box="[641,955,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium striatopunctatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12DFFD1F1A7FD43FBBE29C8" author="Castelnau" box="[968,1149,699,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" pagination="564" refId="ref38516" refString="Castelnau le compte de [= F. L. N. de Laporte]. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Vol. 2. Paris: P. Dumenil; p. 564." type="book chapter" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFD09FB472853" blockId="6.[160,1159,753,847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFD09FB472853" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
3’ Clypeo-frontal carina clearly much wider than frontal carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F1F3FD09FC3E2816" box="[924,1021,753,778]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[163,1153,142,1511]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. (a). Head with tranverse carina,Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tranverse carina, Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure, Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure, Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (e). clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂, Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (f). pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure, Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DCEAB12DFFD1F65DFD09FEF62830" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.07" metricValueMax="6.17" metricValueMin="5.97" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" unit="mm" value="6.07" valueMax="6.17" valueMin="5.97">5.97 to 6.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Midwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F3C9FCEBFE212830" box="[422,482,787,812]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F39EFCEBFD992830" box="[497,602,787,812]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="47.[160,225,870,893]" captionTargetBox="[166,1134,155,827]" captionTargetId="figure-207@47.[163,1153,142,838]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 14. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares) and Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boubomont, 1932) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vazde-Mello, sp. nov. (white squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012132/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ............................................................................................. ...................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F397FCCEFC972853" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[504,852,822,847]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dutraorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F397FCCEFD292853" box="[504,746,822,847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium dutraorum</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFD1F2CFFC93FB4028E3" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFC93FB4028BB" blockId="6.[160,1155,875,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFC93FB4028BB" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">4 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with a central double structure and a distinct lateral tubercle at each side of central struture .................................................................................... 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFC3BFB4028E3" blockId="6.[160,1155,963,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFC3BFB4028E3" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">4’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with a single pair of central tubercles, or a double central structure, and at most a lateral indistinct rounded elevation at each side ................. 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFD1F2CFFBE3FB472E26" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFBE3FB472F80" blockId="6.[160,1158,1051,1180]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFBE3FB472F80" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
5 Lower parts of clypeo-frontal carina much higher than anterior clypeal carina; mesoanterior pronotal structure bituberculated, well emarginated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F199FBC6FB982F4B" box="[1014,1115,1086,1111]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[163,1153,142,1511]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. (a). Head with tranverse carina,Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tranverse carina, Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure, Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure, Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (e). clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂, Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (f). pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure, Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(c)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F2BFFB99FE822F66" box="[208,321,1121,1146]" name="Argentina" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F323FB99FE552F66" box="[332,406,1121,1146]" name="Bolivia" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F3A0FB99FDF42F66" box="[463,567,1121,1146]" name="Paraguay" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F029FB99FD722F66" box="[582,689,1121,1146]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="49.[159,224,866,889]" captionTargetBox="[167,1147,150,828]" captionTargetId="figure-266@49.[163,1153,142,834]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Figure 16. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white squares) and Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012136/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ............................................................................. ......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F069FB7BFC972F80" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[518,852,1155,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergioidei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F069FB7BFD292F80" box="[518,746,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium sergioidei</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFB41FB472E26" blockId="6.[160,1161,1209,1338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFB41FB472E26" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
5’ Lower parts of clypeo-frontal carina about same level as frontal carina; mesoanterior pronotal structure concave, slightly emarginated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F144FB23FC4C2FE8" box="[811,911,1243,1268]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[163,1153,142,1511]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. (a). Head with tranverse carina,Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tranverse carina, Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure, Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure, Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (e). clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂, Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (f). pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure, Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)). North, Midwest, Northeast, South and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F051FB06FDBE2E0B" box="[574,637,1278,1303]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F0E8FB06FD352E0B" box="[647,758,1278,1303]" name="Argentina" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F16AFB06FCAC2E0B" box="[773,879,1278,1303]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="46.[160,225,867,890]" captionTargetBox="[166,1147,146,824]" captionTargetId="figure-97@46.[163,1153,142,835]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 13. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (black squares) and Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white circles); (b). Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843) (white circles) and Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012130/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 13</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ........................................... ................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F388FAD9FC972E26" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[487,852,1313,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luederwaldti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F388FAD9FD292E26" box="[487,746,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium luederwaldti</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFD1F2CFFAAEFB402D33" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFAAEFB472ECB" blockId="6.[160,1161,1366,1495]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFAAEFB472ECB" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
6 Clypeo-frontal carina with central tubercle very high and detached, usually at least as high, above carina, as lower parts of the carina itself (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F174FA81FCB52E8E" box="[795,886,1401,1426]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[163,1153,142,1511]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. (a). Head with tranverse carina,Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tranverse carina, Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure, Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure, Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (e). clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂, Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (f). pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure, Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(e)). Midwest, Northeast, South and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F3ACFA63FDC12EA8" box="[451,514,1435,1460]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F063FA63FDBE2EA8" box="[524,637,1435,1460]" name="Argentina" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F0E7FA63FD172EA8" box="[648,724,1435,1460]" name="Bolivia" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F0B1FA63FC852EA8" box="[734,838,1435,1460]" name="Paraguay" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F110FA63FC1C2EA8" box="[895,991,1435,1460]" name="Uruguay" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F181FA63FB9B2EA8" box="[1006,1112,1435,1460]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="49.[159,224,866,889]" captionTargetBox="[167,1147,150,828]" captionTargetId="figure-266@49.[163,1153,142,834]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Figure 16. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white squares) and Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012136/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)). .......................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F0D3FA46FB472ECB" authority="(Luederwaldt, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[700,1156,1470,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F0D3FA46FC5E2ECB" box="[700,925,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium minutum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12DFFD1F1C5FA46FBBF2ECB" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[938,1148,1470,1495]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" pagination="427 - 454" refId="ref39038" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1931. As especies Sul-Americanas de Bolboceras. Revista Do Museu Paulista. 17: 427 - 454." type="journal article" year="1931">Luederwaldt, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFFA0BFB402D33" blockId="6.[160,1156,1523,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFFA0BFB402D33" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">6’ Clypeo-frontal carina not elevated at each side, or central tubercle not detached and as high as carina ................................................................................................................................... 7</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB12DFFDFF2CFF9B3FB402BD6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="777" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12DFFD1F2CFF9B3FB472D9B" blockId="6.[160,1156,1611,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB12DFFD1F2CFF9B3FB472D9B" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">
|
||
7 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structures, not connected at base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB12DFFD1F2B7F996FEF62D9B" box="[216,309,1646,1671]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[163,1153,142,1511]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. (a). Head with tranverse carina,Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tranverse carina, Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure, Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure, Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (e). clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂, Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (f). pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure, Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB12DFFD1F330F996FE512D9B" box="[351,402,1646,1671]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(12A) ................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12DFFD1F09DF996FB472D9B" authority="(Boucomont, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Boucomont" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[754,1156,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12DFFD1F09DF996FC652D9B" box="[754,934,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="775">Bolbapium baeri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12DFFD1F1DCF996FBBF2D9B" author="Boucomont A" box="[947,1148,1646,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="775" pagination="184 - 185" refId="ref38375" refString="Boucomont A. 1902. Description sommaire de quelques Bolbocerini. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France. 7 (9): 184 - 185. doi: 10.3406 / bsef. 1902.23067." type="journal article" year="1902">Boucomont, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF642187B12CFFD0F2CFFA00FCA12DA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012106" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012106/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" startId="7.[160,225,1528,1551]" targetBox="[176,1140,155,1503]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB12CFFD0F2CFFA00FCA12DA3" blockId="7.[160,1158,1528,1727]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F2CFFA00FEDA2D13" bold="true" box="[160,281,1528,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Figure 3. (a)</emphasis>
|
||
. Head with tranverse carina,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12CFFD0F05DFA00FC302D13" authority="(Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[562,1011,1528,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatopunctatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F05DFA00FC802D13" box="[562,835,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Bolbapium striatopunctatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12CFFD0F121FA00FC2D2D13" author="Castelnau" box="[846,1006,1528,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" pagination="564" refId="ref38516" refString="Castelnau le compte de [= F. L. N. de Laporte]. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Vol. 2. Paris: P. Dumenil; p. 564." type="book chapter" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F193FA00FBDB2D13" bold="true" box="[1020,1048,1528,1551]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
. head with tranverse carina,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12CFFD0F326F9EDFDB92D30" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[329,634,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dutraorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F326F9EDFDDF2D30" box="[329,540,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Bolbapium dutraorum</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F1FFF9EDFC692D30" bold="true" box="[912,938,1557,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
. clypeal-frontal carina high, pronotum with bituberculated structure,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12CFFD0F018F9CAFC662D55" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho" box="[631,933,1586,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sergioidae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F018F9CAFC842D55" box="[631,839,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Bolbapium sergioidae</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F2B6F9A8FF362D7B" bold="true" box="[217,245,1616,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">(d)</emphasis>
|
||
. head with tubercles adjacent to each eye; pronotum with concave structure,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12CFFD0F671F9A8FEB92D98" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luederwaldti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F671F9A8FEDB2D98" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Bolbapium luederwaldti</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F0C3F995FD042D98" bold="true" box="[684,711,1645,1668]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">(e)</emphasis>
|
||
. clypeal-frontal carina with very high and prominent central tubercle ♂,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12CFFD0F3BFF972FC9D2DBD" authority="(Luederwaldt, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[464,862,1674,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F3BFF972FD572DBD" box="[464,660,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Bolbapium minutum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12CFFD0F0F1F972FC952DBD" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[670,854,1674,1697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" pagination="427 - 454" refId="ref39038" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1931. As especies Sul-Americanas de Bolboceras. Revista Do Museu Paulista. 17: 427 - 454." type="journal article" year="1931">Luederwaldt, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F108F972FCBD2DBD" bold="true" box="[871,894,1674,1697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">(f)</emphasis>
|
||
. pronotum mesoanteriorly with pair of longitudinal structure,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB12CFFD0F393F950FC9D2DA3" authority="(Boucomont, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Boucomont" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[508,862,1704,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB12CFFD0F393F950FD592DA3" box="[508,666,1704,1727]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="776">Bolbapium baeri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB12CFFD0F0C9F950FC952DA3" author="Boucomont A" box="[678,854,1704,1727]" pageId="7" pageNumber="776" pagination="184 - 185" refId="ref38375" refString="Boucomont A. 1902. Description sommaire de quelques Bolbocerini. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France. 7 (9): 184 - 185. doi: 10.3406 / bsef. 1902.23067." type="journal article" year="1902">Boucomont, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFF76FB402BD6" blockId="8.[160,1155,142,202]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFF76FB402BD6" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">7’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with pared of structures connected at base, or single central structure ................................................................................................................................... 8</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFF1EFB472A66" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFF1EFB402BE3" blockId="8.[160,1155,230,255]" box="[160,1155,230,255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFF1EFB402BE3" box="[160,1155,230,255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">8 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with simple bituberculated stucture ...................................... 9</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFEE3FB472A66" blockId="8.[160,1156,283,378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFEE3FB472A66" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
8’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with robust pair of tubercles, connected at base and separate middle and apex region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF00CFEC6FD002A4B" box="[611,707,318,343]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-3@9.[163,1153,142,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. (a). Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex, Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (b). head with tranverse carina without tubercles, Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). head with tranverse carina with tubercles, Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello,sp. nov.; (e). clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region, Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993; (f). clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons, Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)). Midwest, Northeast and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF2BFFE99FECC2A66" box="[208,271,353,378]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF376FE99FEA02A66" box="[281,355,353,378]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF31EFE99FE1E2A66" box="[369,477,353,378]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="45.[160,226,878,901]" captionTargetBox="[166,1135,165,835]" captionTargetId="figure-136@45.[163,1153,142,846]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 12. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902) (white circle) and Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840) (black squares); (b). Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (white circles) and Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931) (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012128/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 12</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF01EFE99FB472A66" authority="(Luederwaldt, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[625,1156,353,378]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF01EFE99FC5F2A66" box="[625,924,353,378]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium quadrispinosum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB123FFDFF1C5FE99FBBF2A66" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[938,1148,353,378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" pagination="427 - 454" refId="ref39038" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1931. As especies Sul-Americanas de Bolboceras. Revista Do Museu Paulista. 17: 427 - 454." type="journal article" year="1931">Luederwaldt, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFE6EFB472973" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFE6EFB472AE8" blockId="8.[160,1159,406,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFE6EFB472AE8" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
9 Frons with angled elevation of the posterior tip of the frontal transverse carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF653FE6EFF1C2ACE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-3@9.[163,1153,142,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. (a). Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex, Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (b). head with tranverse carina without tubercles, Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). head with tranverse carina with tubercles, Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello,sp. nov.; (e). clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region, Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993; (f). clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons, Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)). Midwest and Northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF070FE41FD982ACE" box="[543,603,441,466]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF005FE41FD102ACE" box="[618,723,441,466]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="48.[160,225,862,885]" captionTargetBox="[166,1148,146,825]" captionTargetId="figure-169@48.[163,1153,142,830]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figure 15. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976 (white squares); (b). Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843) (white triangles), Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (white squares) and Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012134/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ....................................................................... ..........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF072FE23FC972AE8" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho and Vazde-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[541,852,475,500]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limeirai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF072FE23FD292AE8" box="[541,746,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium limeirai</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFDE9FB472973" blockId="8.[160,1160,529,623]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFDE9FB472973" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
9’ Frons with a marked tubercle adjacent to each eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF13DFDE9FC752936" box="[850,950,529,554]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-3@9.[163,1153,142,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. (a). Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex, Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (b). head with tranverse carina without tubercles, Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). head with tranverse carina with tubercles, Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello,sp. nov.; (e). clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region, Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993; (f). clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons, Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(c)). Midwest and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF328FDCBFE452950" box="[327,390,563,588]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF3FFFDCBFE192950" box="[400,474,563,588]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF07CFDCBFDB82950" box="[531,635,563,588]" name="Paraguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF0E5FDCBFD362950" box="[650,757,563,588]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="47.[160,225,870,893]" captionTargetBox="[166,1134,155,827]" captionTargetId="figure-207@47.[163,1153,142,838]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 14. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares) and Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boubomont, 1932) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vazde-Mello, sp. nov. (white squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012132/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ................................................................. .........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF078FDAEFC972973" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[535,852,598,623]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furtadoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF078FDAEFD292973" box="[535,746,598,623]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium furtadoi</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFD73FB40285E" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFD73FB4029DB" blockId="8.[160,1155,651,711]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFD73FB4029DB" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
10 Subpentagonal scutellum, with parallel edges anteriorly and widely arched posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF37FFD56FEAF29DB" box="[272,364,686,711]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[160,226,1274,1297]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,145,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[163,1153,142,1242]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. (a). Subpentagonal scutellum; (b). elongated scutellum, Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993; (c). pronotum with smooth lateral margins; (d). pronotum with serrated lateral margins, Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boucomont, 1932)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012110/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ................................................................................................................................ 11
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFD1BFB40285E" blockId="8.[160,1162,739,834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFD1BFB40285E" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
10’ Elongated scutellum, with parallel edges anteriorly and subtly rounded posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF2B7FCFEFEF62803" box="[216,309,774,799]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[160,226,1274,1297]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,145,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[163,1153,142,1242]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. (a). Subpentagonal scutellum; (b). elongated scutellum, Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993; (c). pronotum with smooth lateral margins; (d). pronotum with serrated lateral margins, Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boucomont, 1932)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012110/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)). Northeast and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF0EAFCFEFD022803" box="[645,705,774,799]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF0BFFCFEFCF92803" box="[720,826,774,799]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="46.[160,225,867,890]" captionTargetBox="[166,1147,146,824]" captionTargetId="figure-97@46.[163,1153,142,835]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 13. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (black squares) and Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white circles); (b). Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843) (white circles) and Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012130/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 13</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ..................................................... .................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF0F2FCD1FB40285E" authority="Ide and Martinez 1993" authorityName="Ide and Martinez" authorityYear="1993" box="[669,1155,809,834]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF0F2FCD1FC43285E" box="[669,896,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium sulcifrons</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB123FFDFF1E8FCD1FB40285E" author="Ide S & Martinez A" box="[903,1155,809,834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" pagination="369 - 385" refId="ref38751" refString="Ide S, Martinez A. 1993. Two new species of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Bolboceratinae). Revista brasileira de Entomologia. 37 (2): 369 - 385." type="journal article" year="1993">Ide and Martínez 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFCA6FB4028D3" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFCA6FB40286B" blockId="8.[160,1155,862,887]" box="[160,1155,862,887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFCA6FB40286B" box="[160,1155,862,887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
11 Pronotum with smooth lateral margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF0FBFCA6FD32286B" box="[660,753,862,887]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[160,226,1274,1297]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,145,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[163,1153,142,1242]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. (a). Subpentagonal scutellum; (b). elongated scutellum, Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993; (c). pronotum with smooth lateral margins; (d). pronotum with serrated lateral margins, Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boucomont, 1932)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012110/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(c)) .......................................................... 12
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFC6BFB4028D3" blockId="8.[160,1159,915,975]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFC6BFB4028D3" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
11’ Pronotum with serrated lateral margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF0F5FC6BFD3428B0" box="[666,759,915,940]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[160,226,1274,1297]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,145,1239]" captionTargetId="figure-61@10.[163,1153,142,1242]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. (a). Subpentagonal scutellum; (b). elongated scutellum, Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993; (c). pronotum with smooth lateral margins; (d). pronotum with serrated lateral margins, Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boucomont, 1932)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012110/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF146FC6BFC5228B0" box="[809,913,915,940]" name="Paraguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF1CFFC6BFBCA28B0" box="[928,1033,915,940]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="47.[160,225,870,893]" captionTargetBox="[166,1134,155,827]" captionTargetId="figure-207@47.[163,1153,142,838]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 14. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares) and Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boubomont, 1932) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vazde-Mello, sp. nov. (white squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012132/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ............... .........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF01CFC4EFB4028D3" authority="(Boubomont, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Boubomont" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[627,1155,950,975]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquestriatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF01CFC4EFC6028D3" box="[627,931,950,975]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium quinquestriatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Boubomont, 1932)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFC13FB402F26" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFC13FB402F18" blockId="8.[160,1155,1003,1028]" box="[160,1155,1003,1028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFC13FB402F18" box="[160,1155,1003,1028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">12 Pronotum mesoanteriorly without stucture ........................................................................... 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFBD9FB402F26" blockId="8.[160,1155,1057,1082]" box="[160,1155,1057,1082]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFBD9FB402F26" box="[160,1155,1057,1082]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
12’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with some
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0CFADB123FFDFF01AFBD9FD642F26" box="[629,679,1057,1082]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of stucture ...................................................... 15
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFBAEFB472FF6" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFBAEFB402F73" blockId="8.[160,1155,1110,1135]" box="[160,1155,1110,1135]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFBAEFB402F73" box="[160,1155,1110,1135]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">13 Frons without tubercle .................................................................................................................... 14</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFB73FB472FF6" blockId="8.[160,1160,1163,1258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFB73FB472FF6" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
13’ Frons with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF195FB73FB9A2FB8" box="[1018,1113,1163,1188]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-3@9.[163,1153,142,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. (a). Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex, Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (b). head with tranverse carina without tubercles, Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). head with tranverse carina with tubercles, Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello,sp. nov.; (e). clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region, Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993; (f). clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons, Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)). Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF352FB56FEBA2FDB" box="[317,377,1198,1223]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF3DDFB56FD952FDB" box="[434,598,1198,1223]" name="French Guiana" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF00BFB56FD132FDB" box="[612,720,1198,1223]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="45.[160,226,878,901]" captionTargetBox="[166,1135,165,835]" captionTargetId="figure-136@45.[163,1153,142,846]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 12. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium baeri (Boucomont, 1902) (white circle) and Bolbapium striatopunctatum (Castelnau, 1840) (black squares); (b). Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (white circles) and Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931) (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012128" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012128/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 12</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ........................................................................ .............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF042FB29FC972FF6" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[557,852,1233,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boillyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF042FB29FD292FF6" box="[557,746,1233,1258]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium boillyi</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFAFEFB402EA0" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFAFEFB472E5E" blockId="8.[160,1156,1286,1346]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFAFEFB472E5E" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
14 Clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF2B7FAD1FEF62E5E" box="[216,309,1321,1346]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-3@9.[163,1153,142,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. (a). Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex, Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (b). head with tranverse carina without tubercles, Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). head with tranverse carina with tubercles, Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello,sp. nov.; (e). clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region, Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993; (f). clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons, Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(e)). Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF3B3FAD1FDD82E5E" box="[476,539,1321,1346]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF04AFAD1FD572E5E" box="[549,660,1321,1346]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF0A2FAD1FCF62E5E" box="[717,821,1321,1346]" name="Paraguay" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
...
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF106FAD1FB472E5E" authorityName="Ide and Martinez" authorityYear="1993" box="[873,1156,1321,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paralucidulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF106FAD1FB472E5E" box="[873,1156,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium paralucidulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFAA6FB402EA0" blockId="8.[160,1160,1374,1468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFAA6FB402EA0" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
14’ Clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF193FAA6FBA32E6B" box="[1020,1120,1374,1399]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" captionTargetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" captionTargetId="figure-3@9.[163,1153,142,1409]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. (a). Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex, Bolbapium quadrispinosum (Luederwaldt, 1931); (b). head with tranverse carina without tubercles, Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (c). head with tranverse carina with tubercles, Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,Bolbapium boillyi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello,sp. nov.; (e). clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region, Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993; (f). clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons, Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)). Midwest, South and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB123FFDFF040FA79FDA82E86" box="[559,619,1409,1434]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB123FFDFF015FA79FD262E86" box="[634,741,1409,1434]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="49.[159,224,866,889]" captionTargetBox="[167,1147,150,828]" captionTargetId="figure-266@49.[163,1153,142,834]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Figure 16. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1931) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium paralucidulum Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white squares) and Bolbapium sergioidae Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012136/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) .................................................................... ................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB123FFDFF0F8FA5BFB402EA0" authority="Ide and Martinez 1993" authorityName="Ide and Martinez" authorityYear="1993" box="[663,1155,1443,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB123FFDFF0F8FA5BFCBC2EA0" box="[663,895,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">Bolbapium lucidulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB123FFDFF1E8FA5BFB402EA0" author="Ide S & Martinez A" box="[903,1155,1443,1468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777" pagination="369 - 385" refId="ref38751" refString="Ide S, Martinez A. 1993. Two new species of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Bolboceratinae). Revista brasileira de Entomologia. 37 (2): 369 - 385." type="journal article" year="1993">Ide and Martínez 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDFF2CFFA21FB402D56" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFFA21FB402D08" blockId="8.[160,1155,1497,1556]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFFA21FB402D08" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">15 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with stucture with width less than or equal to half the interocular width ............................................................................................................................... 16</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFF9C9FB402D56" blockId="8.[160,1155,1585,1610]" box="[160,1155,1585,1610]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFF9C9FB402D56" box="[160,1155,1585,1610]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">15’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with stucture wider than half the interocular width... 20</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB123FFDDF2CFF99EFB402ED9" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="779" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB123FFDFF2CFF99EFB402D63" blockId="8.[160,1155,1638,1663]" box="[160,1155,1638,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB123FFDFF2CFF99EFB402D63" box="[160,1155,1638,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="777">16 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with somewhat bituberculated stucture ............................ 17</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF642187B122FFDEF2CFFA58FE2C2D99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012108" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012108/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" startId="9.[160,225,1440,1463]" targetBox="[169,1150,152,1401]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB122FFDEF2CFFA58FE2C2D99" blockId="9.[160,1157,1440,1669]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF2CFFA58FED82EAB" bold="true" box="[160,283,1440,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Figure 4. (a)</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum with robust bituberculated structure, connected at base and separated at the apex,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB122FFDEF2B4FA46FD6C2EC9" authority="(Luederwaldt, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[219,687,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF2B4FA46FE212EC9" box="[219,482,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Bolbapium quadrispinosum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB122FFDEF381FA46FD642EC9" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[494,679,1470,1493]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" pagination="427 - 454" refId="ref39038" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1931. As especies Sul-Americanas de Bolboceras. Revista Do Museu Paulista. 17: 427 - 454." type="journal article" year="1931">Luederwaldt, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF0D5FA46FD142EC9" bold="true" box="[698,727,1470,1493]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
. head with tranverse carina without tubercles,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB122FFDEF2BBFA23FE2F2EEE" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho and Vazde-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[212,492,1499,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limeirai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF2BBFA23FE4F2EEE" box="[212,396,1499,1522]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Bolbapium limeirai</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF17BFA23FCED2EEE" bold="true" box="[788,814,1499,1522]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
. head with tranverse carina with tubercles,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB122FFDEF36AFA00FDD92D13" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[261,538,1528,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furtadoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF36AFA00FE7D2D13" box="[261,446,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Bolbapium furtadoi</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF142FA00FC892D13" bold="true" box="[813,842,1528,1551]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">(d)</emphasis>
|
||
. head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, with base wider than apex,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB122FFDEF065F9EEFCC92D31" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[522,778,1558,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boillyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF065F9EEFD6C2D31" box="[522,687,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Bolbapium boillyi</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF676F9EEFBF72D31" bold="true" box="[1049,1076,1558,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">(e)</emphasis>
|
||
. clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal region and meeting in the central region,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB122FFDEF1C7F9CBFE752D7B" authority="Ide and Martinez, 1993" authorityName="Ide and Martinez" authorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paralucidulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF1C7F9CBFF062D7B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Bolbapium paralucidulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB122FFDEF2A2F9A8FE752D7B" author="Ide S & Martinez A" box="[205,438,1616,1639]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" pagination="369 - 385" refId="ref38751" refString="Ide S, Martinez A. 1993. Two new species of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Bolboceratinae). Revista brasileira de Entomologia. 37 (2): 369 - 385." type="journal article" year="1993">Ide and Martínez, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF3ABF9A8FE182D7B" bold="true" box="[452,475,1616,1639]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">(f)</emphasis>
|
||
. clypeal carina short, not reaching the midline region of the frons,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB122FFDEF2CFF996FE292D99" authority="(Klug, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[160,490,1646,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB122FFDEF2CFF996FEAF2D99" box="[160,364,1646,1669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="778">Bolbapium lucidulum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB122FFDEF316F996FE212D99" author="Klug JCF" box="[377,482,1646,1669]" pageId="9" pageNumber="778" pagination="21 - 57" refId="ref38877" refString="Klug JCF. 1843. Die Coleopteren-Gattungen: athyreus und Bolboceras. dargestellt nach den in der Sammlung der hiesiger. Koniglich Universitat davon vorhandenen Arten. Abhandlungen der Koniglich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften; Berlin. p. 21 - 57." type="book chapter" year="1843">Klug, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF642187B121FFDDF2CFFB02FD0C2E50" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012110/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" startId="10.[160,226,1274,1297]" targetBox="[169,1150,145,1239]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB121FFDDF2CFFB02FD0C2E50" blockId="10.[160,1156,1274,1356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF2CFFB02FEE42E0D" bold="true" box="[160,295,1274,1297]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Figure 5. (a)</emphasis>
|
||
. Subpentagonal scutellum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF024FB02FDAB2E0D" bold="true" box="[587,616,1274,1297]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">(b)</emphasis>
|
||
. elongated scutellum,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB121FFDDF135FB02FEF42E32" authority="Ide and Martinez, 1993" authorityName="Ide and Martinez" authorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF135FB02FBEA2E0D" box="[858,1065,1274,1297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Bolbapium sulcifrons</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB121FFDDF65BFB02FEF42E32" author="Ide S & Martinez A" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" pagination="369 - 385" refId="ref38751" refString="Ide S, Martinez A. 1993. Two new species of Bolbapium Boucomont, 1910 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Bolboceratinae). Revista brasileira de Entomologia. 37 (2): 369 - 385." type="journal article" year="1993">Ide and Martínez, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF327FAEFFEA12E32" bold="true" box="[328,354,1303,1326]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">(c)</emphasis>
|
||
. pronotum with smooth lateral margins;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF179FAEFFCF02E32" bold="true" box="[790,819,1303,1326]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">(d)</emphasis>
|
||
. pronotum with serrated lateral margins,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB121FFDDF294FACDFD082E50" authority="(Boucomont, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Boucomont" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[251,715,1333,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquestriatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF294FACDFDC52E50" box="[251,518,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Bolbapium quinquestriatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB121FFDDF07CFACDFD002E50" author="Boucomont A" box="[531,707,1333,1356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" pagination="262 - 268" refId="ref38475" refString="Boucomont A. 1932. Genre nouveau et especes Nouvelles ou peu connues de Bolbocerini. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France. 37 (18): 262 - 268. doi: 10.3406 / bsef. 1932.14484." type="journal article" year="1932">Boucomont, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB121FFDDF2CFFA71FB402ED9" blockId="10.[160,1155,1417,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB121FFDDF2CFFA71FB402ED9" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">
|
||
16’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with almost rectangular stucture in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB121FFDDF649FA71FB402EBE" box="[1062,1155,1417,1442]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[160,225,1433,1456]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,148,1396]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1401]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. (a). Pronotum with almost rectangular structure, Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976; (c). head without tubercles, Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). pronotum with curved structure towards the head, without angulations, Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976; (e). head with tubercles wider than long; pronotum with rectangular structure, Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (f). head with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye; pronotum with curved structure, Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012114/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB121FFDDF36EFA54FEAE2ED9" box="[257,365,1452,1477]" name="Colombia" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB121FFDDF314FA54FE252ED9" box="[379,486,1452,1477]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="48.[160,225,862,885]" captionTargetBox="[166,1148,146,825]" captionTargetId="figure-169@48.[163,1153,142,830]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figure 15. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976 (white squares); (b). Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843) (white triangles), Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (white squares) and Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012134/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ............... ...............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB121FFDDF0A4FA54FB402ED9" authority="(Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[715,1155,1452,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB121FFDDF0A4FA54FC782ED9" box="[715,955,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">Bolbapium modestum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB121FFDDF1A7FA54FBBE2ED9" author="Castelnau" box="[968,1149,1452,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779" pagination="564" refId="ref38516" refString="Castelnau le compte de [= F. L. N. de Laporte]. 1840. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Vol. 2. Paris: P. Dumenil; p. 564." type="book chapter" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB121FFDDF2CFFA19FB402D69" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB121FFDDF2CFFA19FB402D01" blockId="10.[160,1155,1505,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB121FFDDF2CFFA19FB402D01" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">17 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with bituberculated stucture with width equal to half the interocular width ............................................................................................................................... 18</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB121FFDDF2CFF9C1FB402D69" blockId="10.[160,1155,1593,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB121FFDDF2CFF9C1FB402D69" pageId="10" pageNumber="779">17’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with bituberculated stucture with width less than half the interocular width ............................................................................................................................... 19</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB120FFDCF2CFFF76FB472AB0" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFF76FB472BF0" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,236]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFF76FB472BF0" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
18 Parameres, in dorsal view, elongated and greatly separated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF1EDFF76FC2D2BBB" box="[898,1006,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1353,1376]" captionTargetBox="[166,1137,159,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-55@43.[163,1153,142,1322]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus. Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (a). dorsal view; (b). ventral view; (c). lateral view. Bolbapium parcepunctatum (Arrow, 1913) (d). dorsal view; (e). ventral view; (f). lateral view. Bolbapium santanaorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (g). dorsal view; (h). ventral view; (i). lateral view. Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (j). dorsal view; (k). ventral view; (l). lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012122/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 10</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)); in lateral view the parameres are concave and extend beyond the posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF675FF49FB402BD6" box="[1050,1155,177,202]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1353,1376]" captionTargetBox="[166,1137,159,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-55@43.[163,1153,142,1322]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus. Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (a). dorsal view; (b). ventral view; (c). lateral view. Bolbapium parcepunctatum (Arrow, 1913) (d). dorsal view; (e). ventral view; (f). lateral view. Bolbapium santanaorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (g). dorsal view; (h). ventral view; (i). lateral view. Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (j). dorsal view; (k). ventral view; (l). lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012122/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 10</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)). Northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF31EFF2BFE6E2BF0" box="[369,429,211,236]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF3D3FF2BFDE62BF0" box="[444,549,211,236]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="50.[160,225,864,887]" captionTargetBox="[418,897,144,829]" captionTargetId="figure-272@50.[415,900,142,832]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 17. Geographical distribution. Bolbapium parcepunctatum (Arrow, 1913) (black squares) and Bolbapium santanaorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (white circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012140/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) .......... ..........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF0DBFF2BFB472BF0" authority="(Arrow, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Arrow" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[692,1156,211,236]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parcepunctatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF0DBFF2BFC272BF0" box="[692,996,211,236]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium parcepunctatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB120FFDCF19DFF2BFBBF2BF0" author="Arrow GJ" box="[1010,1148,211,236]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" pagination="462 - 463" refId="ref38234" refString="Arrow GJ. 1913. Some nev species of Lamellicorn Beetles from Brazil. Volume xi. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 8: 462 - 463." type="journal article" year="1913">Arrow, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFEF1FB472AB0" blockId="11.[160,1162,265,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFEF1FB472AB0" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
18’ Parameres in dorsal view short and flat, posterior margin going beyond the apex of the parameres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF3EEFED3FE2E2A58" box="[385,493,299,324]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1353,1376]" captionTargetBox="[166,1137,159,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-55@43.[163,1153,142,1322]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus. Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (a). dorsal view; (b). ventral view; (c). lateral view. Bolbapium parcepunctatum (Arrow, 1913) (d). dorsal view; (e). ventral view; (f). lateral view. Bolbapium santanaorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (g). dorsal view; (h). ventral view; (i). lateral view. Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (j). dorsal view; (k). ventral view; (l). lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012122/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 10</figureCitation>
|
||
(g)); in lateral view posterior margin with curved projection forming an approximate angle of 45° towards the parameres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF1E4FEB6FC3B2A7B" box="[907,1016,334,359]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="43.[160,225,1353,1376]" captionTargetBox="[166,1137,159,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-55@43.[163,1153,142,1322]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 10. Aedeagus. Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (a). dorsal view; (b). ventral view; (c). lateral view. Bolbapium parcepunctatum (Arrow, 1913) (d). dorsal view; (e). ventral view; (f). lateral view. Bolbapium santanaorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (g). dorsal view; (h). ventral view; (i). lateral view. Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (j). dorsal view; (k). ventral view; (l). lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012122/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 10</figureCitation>
|
||
(i)). Midwest, Northeast, South and Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF051FE89FDB92A96" box="[574,634,369,394]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF0E6FE89FD312A96" box="[649,754,369,394]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="50.[160,225,864,887]" captionTargetBox="[418,897,144,829]" captionTargetId="figure-272@50.[415,900,142,832]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Figure 17. Geographical distribution. Bolbapium parcepunctatum (Arrow, 1913) (black squares) and Bolbapium santanaorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (white circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012140/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) ....................................................................... ..............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF3B4FE6BFC972AB0" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[475,852,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="santanaorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF3B4FE6BFD282AB0" box="[475,747,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium santanaorum</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB120FFDCF2CFFE31FB472963" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFE31FB402918" blockId="11.[160,1156,457,516]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFE31FB402918" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
19 Frons with tubercle adjacent to each eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF0C5FE31FCCB2AFE" box="[682,776,457,482]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[160,225,1433,1456]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,148,1396]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1401]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. (a). Pronotum with almost rectangular structure, Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976; (c). head without tubercles, Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). pronotum with curved structure towards the head, without angulations, Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976; (e). head with tubercles wider than long; pronotum with rectangular structure, Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (f). head with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye; pronotum with curved structure, Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)); less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DCEAB120FFDCF1CBFE31FC2B2AFE" box="[932,1000,457,482]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Midwest and Northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF329FE13FE412918" box="[326,386,491,516]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF3FEFE13FE392918" box="[401,506,491,516]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="46.[160,225,867,890]" captionTargetBox="[166,1147,146,824]" captionTargetId="figure-97@46.[163,1153,142,835]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 13. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (black squares) and Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white circles); (b). Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843) (white circles) and Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012130/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 13</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ................ ................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF085FE13FB402918" authority="Martinez 1976" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1976" box="[746,1155,491,516]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borgmeieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF085FE13FC1F2918" box="[746,988,491,516]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium borgmeieri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB120FFDCF18CFE13FB402918" author="Martinez A" box="[995,1155,491,516]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" pagination="531 - 551" refId="ref39092" refString="Martinez A. 1976. Contribution al conocimento de los Bolboceratini sudamericanos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Geotrupinae, Bolboceratini). Studia Entomologica. 19 (1 / 4): 531 - 551." type="journal article" year="1976">Martínez 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFDD9FB472963" blockId="11.[160,1161,545,639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFDD9FB472963" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
19’ Frons without tubercles, just clypeal carina extending to the mid-frontal forming slight angulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF3F2FDBBFE3A2940" box="[413,505,579,604]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[160,225,1433,1456]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,148,1396]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1401]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. (a). Pronotum with almost rectangular structure, Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976; (c). head without tubercles, Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). pronotum with curved structure towards the head, without angulations, Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976; (e). head with tubercles wider than long; pronotum with rectangular structure, Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (f). head with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye; pronotum with curved structure, Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(c)); larger than
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3DCEAB120FFDCF0C3FDBBFD332940" box="[684,752,579,604]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF11FFDBBFC6F2940" box="[880,940,579,604]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF1D4FDBBFBE52940" box="[955,1062,579,604]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="47.[160,225,870,893]" captionTargetBox="[166,1134,155,827]" captionTargetId="figure-207@47.[163,1153,142,838]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 14. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium dutraorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares) and Bolbapium quinquestriatum (Boubomont, 1932) (white circles); (b). Bolbapium furtadoi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vazde-Mello, sp. nov. (white squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012132/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) .......... ......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF066FD9EFC972963" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[521,852,614,639]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matheusi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF066FD9EFD292963" box="[521,746,614,639]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium matheusi</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB120FFDCF2CFFD63FB402833" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFD63FB4029A8" blockId="11.[160,1155,667,692]" box="[160,1155,667,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFD63FB4029A8" box="[160,1155,667,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">20 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with the sides of structure well delimited ......................... 21</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFD29FB402833" blockId="11.[160,1160,721,815]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFD29FB402833" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
20’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with curved structure towards the head, without angulations on each side of structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF059FD0BFD502810" box="[566,659,755,780]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[160,225,1433,1456]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,148,1396]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1401]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. (a). Pronotum with almost rectangular structure, Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976; (c). head without tubercles, Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). pronotum with curved structure towards the head, without angulations, Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976; (e). head with tubercles wider than long; pronotum with rectangular structure, Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (f). head with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye; pronotum with curved structure, Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)). Midwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF144FD0BFCA92810" box="[811,874,755,780]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF11BFD0BFC7D2810" box="[884,958,755,780]" name="Bolivia" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF1A2FD0BFBF52810" box="[973,1078,755,780]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="48.[160,225,862,885]" captionTargetBox="[166,1148,146,825]" captionTargetId="figure-169@48.[163,1153,142,830]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figure 15. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976 (white squares); (b). Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843) (white triangles), Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (white squares) and Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012134/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)) ....... ..................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF093FCEEFB402833" authority="Martinez, 1976" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1976" box="[764,1155,790,815]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howdeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF093FCEEFC152833" box="[764,982,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium howdeni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB120FFDCF1B1FCEEFB402833" author="Martinez A" box="[990,1155,790,815]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" pagination="531 - 551" refId="ref39092" refString="Martinez A. 1976. Contribution al conocimento de los Bolboceratini sudamericanos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Geotrupinae, Bolboceratini). Studia Entomologica. 19 (1 / 4): 531 - 551." type="journal article" year="1976">Martínez, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EF69AAB120FFDCF2CFFCB3FB472F5B" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFCB3FB4728B6" blockId="11.[160,1160,843,938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFCB3FB4728B6" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
21 Pronotum mesoanteriorly with rectangular structure in dorsal view; frons with tubercle wider than long adjacent to each eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF0C3FC96FCCB289B" box="[684,776,878,903]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[160,225,1433,1456]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,148,1396]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1401]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. (a). Pronotum with almost rectangular structure, Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976; (c). head without tubercles, Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). pronotum with curved structure towards the head, without angulations, Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976; (e). head with tubercles wider than long; pronotum with rectangular structure, Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (f). head with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye; pronotum with curved structure, Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(e)). Midwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF1F0FC96FC18289B" box="[927,987,878,903]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF185FC96FB95289B" box="[1002,1110,878,903]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="48.[160,225,862,885]" captionTargetBox="[166,1148,146,825]" captionTargetId="figure-169@48.[163,1153,142,830]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figure 15. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium limeirai Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles) and Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976 (white squares); (b). Bolbapium lucidulum (Klug, 1843) (white triangles), Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840) (white squares) and Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012134/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)). .............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF3B9FC69FC9728B6" authority="Carvalho" authorityName="Carvalho & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[470,852,913,938]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sampaioorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF3B9FC69FD2928B6" box="[470,746,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium sampaioorum</emphasis>
|
||
Carvalho
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4710FB120FFDCF2CFFC3EFB472F5B" blockId="11.[160,1156,966,1095]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EAD23AB120FFDCF2CFFC3EFB472F5B" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">
|
||
21’ Pronotum mesoanteriorly with curved structure, with non-continuous lines and with small angulation on each side of structure; frons with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF322FBF3FE722F38" box="[333,433,1035,1060]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[160,225,1433,1456]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,148,1396]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1401]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. (a). Pronotum with almost rectangular structure, Bolbapium modestum (Castelnau, 1840); (b). head with tubercle adjacent to each eye, Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976; (c). head without tubercles, Bolbapium matheusi Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (d). pronotum with curved structure towards the head, without angulations, Bolbapium howdeni Martínez, 1976; (e). head with tubercles wider than long; pronotum with rectangular structure, Bolbapium sampaioorum Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov.; (f). head with tubercle narrow adjacent to each eye; pronotum with curved structure, Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012114/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)). Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF03BFBF3FD572F38" box="[596,660,1035,1060]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF0CCFBF3FCD02F38" box="[675,787,1035,1060]" name="Colombia" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF14DFBF3FC082F38" box="[802,971,1035,1060]" name="French Guiana" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C319FB120FFDCF661FBF3FB402F38" box="[1038,1155,1035,1060]" name="Venezuela" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13206D8AB120FFDCF2B7FBD6FE812F5B" box="[216,322,1070,1095]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="46.[160,225,867,890]" captionTargetBox="[166,1147,146,824]" captionTargetId="figure-97@46.[163,1153,142,835]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 13. Geographical distribution. (a). Bolbapium borgmeieri Martínez, 1976 (black squares) and Bolbapium sulcifrons Ide and Martínez, 1993 (white circles); (b). Bolbapium caesum (Klug, 1843) (white circles) and Bolbapium luederwaldti Carvalho and Vaz-de-Mello, sp. nov. (black squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012130" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012130/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Figure 13</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) ...................................... ......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B0A8CB120FFDCF148FBD6FB472F5B" authority="(Klug, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[807,1156,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolbapium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FAD1DB120FFDCF148FBD6FC342F5B" box="[807,1015,1070,1095]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="780">Bolbapium caesum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A0CFEB120FFDCF66BFBD6FBBF2F5B" author="Klug JCF" box="[1028,1148,1070,1095]" pageId="11" pageNumber="780" pagination="21 - 57" refId="ref38877" refString="Klug JCF. 1843. Die Coleopteren-Gattungen: athyreus und Bolboceras. dargestellt nach den in der Sammlung der hiesiger. Koniglich Universitat davon vorhandenen Arten. Abhandlungen der Koniglich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften; Berlin. p. 21 - 57." type="book chapter" year="1843">Klug, 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |