treatments-xml/data/03/A0/87/03A087C1FFE5FF95FF717A97FCA6571C.xml

<document id="A4F424962051CEFB5B635884B44574BE" ID-CLB-Dataset="72883" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5150.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ca82f5e-b51d-4beb-b33f-00a76c6a7bc8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623165" ID-ZooBank="A379F26C-DCAB-43A8-B075-ED4ED10D8476" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1654677040107" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tang, William &amp; Dominguez, Hector Gomez" docDate="2022" docId="03A087C1FFE5FF95FF717A97FCA6571C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5150.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5150 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pharaxonotha perezi Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez 2022, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="439" masterDocId="FF99FFB9FFECFF9EFFE67A00FFEE5019" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Pharaxonothinae beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. &amp; Vovides (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) in Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="428" pageNumber="437" updateTime="1699339187166" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B955269051B86F7FBDF176AA809F4009">Two new species of Pharaxonothinae beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) inhabiting cones of the cycad Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. &amp; Vovides (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) in Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E89CB28892AED051A521ABACAC04432">Tang, William</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA8B68A27D62D8342E0FB21EC5B948AE">Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Florida Department of Agriculture - DPI, P. O. Box 147100, Gainesville, FL 32614 - 7100, USA. wlmtang 60 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9009 - 3113</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="86DF04597D17EE357C7FCD9E7289E4D8">Dominguez, Hector Gomez</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7E517AC53B22D40ECA268A97F37A5FFC">Senda Sustentable A. C., Calle Cerro Azul, 208 B, Fraccionamiento Lomas del Pedregal, Berriozabal, CP 29130, Chiapas, Mexico hectorgomezdominguez @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7125 - 4639</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF97FF717A97FC6350A8" blockId="9.[151,909,151,214]" box="[151,909,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<heading id="D0FE81BBFFE5FF97FF717A97FC6350A8" bold="true" box="[151,909,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF717A97FC6350A8" bold="true" box="[151,909,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE5FF97FF717A97FD1F50A8" authority="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,753,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF717A97FE7B50A8" bold="true" box="[151,405,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Pharaxonotha perezi</emphasis>
Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez
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, 
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF97FF717ABBFEA450CF" blockId="9.[151,909,151,214]" box="[151,330,187,214]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
(
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE5FF97FF797ABBFEAC50CF" box="[159,322,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Figures 6A–K</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C313655CFFE5FF97FF717B03FED0527B" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF97FF717B03FEFE51B4" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF717B03FEB95104" bold="true" box="[151,343,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Adult diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE5FF97FEBB7B03FDA85104" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[349,582,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FEBB7B03FDA85104" box="[349,582,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Pharaxonotha perezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other described members of the genus by a combination of characters: Body length 
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; pronotum with anterior angles rounded, pronotal length relatively short with length/width (PL/PW) = 0.68–0.74; spermatheca compact with spermathecal and glandular duct adjacent and inserted in a common shallow pit (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE5FF97FDA47B6FFD7C5193" box="[578,658,367,394]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
); with known distribution in 
<collectingCountry id="F31E7647FFE5FF97FC377B6FFBC75190" box="[977,1065,367,393]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, state of 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE5FF97FB6C7B6FFB0A5190" box="[1162,1252,367,393]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
on 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FAEA7B70FEFE51B4" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE5FF97FAEA7B70FEE251B4" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santillanii">Ceratozamia santillanii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF97FF217BB7FED0527B" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF217BB7FE0D51C8" bold="true" box="[199,483,439,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Adult male description.</emphasis>
Length 
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, width 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE5FF97FCDA7BB7FC0E51CB" box="[828,992,439,466]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" unit="mm" value="1.17" valueMax="1.24" valueMin="1.1">1.10–1.24 mm</quantity>
(n = 6). Body in dorsal view elongateoval, greatest width at middle of elytra; in lateral view convex dorsally (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE5FF97FC2B7BDBFBBA51EF" box="[973,1108,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Figs. 6A–C</figureCitation>
). Body color entirely brown; dorsal surface punctate, shining and appearing glabrous, short procumbent hairs associated with punctation on pronotum and elytra visible in profile only under high magnification, ventrally shining and covered with short procumbent setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655CFFE5FF95FF21786BFE4D530F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="439" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF97FF21786BFDD453F4" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF21786BFEE9529C" bold="true" box="[199,263,619,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Head</emphasis>
not broad, width = 0.70–0.73× pronotal width (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE5FF97FCC4786BFC49529F" box="[802,935,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Figs. 6D–F</figureCitation>
); in dorsal view conical, gradually narrowed anteriorly, surface flat to slightly convex, finely, moderately punctured, average distance between closest punctures 1–2× width of puncture; head width 
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; dorsal interocular distance 
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, head width/dorsal interocular distance ratio 1.57–1.64, ventral interocular distance 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE5FF97FC8C78D7FBE152EB" box="[874,1039,727,754]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="437" unit="mm" value="0.295" valueMax="0.31" valueMin="0.28">0.28–0.31 mm</quantity>
, head width/ventral interocular distance ratio 2.06–2.38. Eye with large black facets, about 3× diameter of head punctures. Antennal length slightly shorter than pronotal width, 1.3× head width; antennomere I (scape) fairly large, slightly elongate; antennomere II slightly shorter than III; IV–VIII small, width equals length; club fairly large, IX and X similar in length; XI enlarged, 1.6× longer than X, globular with rounded apex. Clypeus weakly concave anteriorly, moderately punctate. Mentum and submentum finely punctate, distance between nearest punctures approximately 2× own diameter, each puncture with a short seta (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE5FF97FE2279AFFDF753D3" box="[452,537,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). Gula area smooth, without punctation or setae, border with submentum usually with a shallow transverse depression.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF97FF2179F7FCAC5730" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF2179F7FECE5408" bold="true" box="[199,288,1015,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Thorax</emphasis>
with pronotum transversely quadrate in dorsal view, length/width ratio 0.70–0.74; with distinct marginal beads laterally and basally, anteriorly with fine marginal bead laterally, but fading medially; convex; anterior angles broadly rounded, not projecting; posterior angles weakly developed, with small denticle at angle; lateral carinae parallel-sided or evenly shallowly arcuate for length; posterior margin slightly projecting medially, projection beginning approximately by pair of small, dark pores in margin located ¼ width from posterior angles, each pore marks base of a distinct sulcus extending anteriorly onto disc ¼ length of pronotum. Prosternum in ventral view convex, with few moderate punctations, distance between nearest punctures approximately 2× own diameter; anterior margin slightly emarginate, finely denticulate with row of long, anteriorly directed setae, longest setae approximately 1/4 length of eye; prosternal process expanded apically, rounded and convex at apex. Hypomeron laterally with few minute punctures, medially lacking distinct longitudinal striations. Scutellar shield distinctly transverse, posterior margin weakly roundly pentagonal. Elytra in dorsal view elongate-oval, convex; length/width ratio1.67–1.74, greatest width near midlength; with distinct marginal line basally; 10 complete striae of moderate puncture size; scutellary striole extending ¼ elytral length, with 9–13 punctures; punctures of elytral striae as large as pronotal punctures, weakly impressed; intervals of striae with fine, shallow punctures; all punctures of elytra bearing a single short seta; seta only visible in profile, extending slightly out of puncture. Mesoventrite with strong punctation, distance between nearest punctures approximately equal to diameter of punctures, puncture depth moderate. Metaventrite glossy, with moderate punctation separated by 2–3× own diameter; finely punctured; entire surface convex, metathoracic discrimen extending approximately 3/4 metaventrite length. Legs narrow, relatively similar in length and shape. Procoxa oval; mesocoxa globular; metacoxa transversely elongate-oval; trochanters obliquely truncate apically; femora robust, moderately compressed laterally; tibiae shorter than femora, gradually dilated to obliquely truncate apices; protibia with apical lateral tooth distinct, with apical fringe of short spinules of concave ventral apical margin usually lacking near lateral tooth; meso- and metatibia with apical fringe of short spinules on anterior margin, finer setae on posterior margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE5FF95FF217D33FBE751B7" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,2014]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="439" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE5FF97FF217D33FEAD5754" bold="true" box="[199,323,1843,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="437">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Ventrite I with intercoxal process narrow, with triangular point anteromedially; lateral edges slightly projected, lateral and posterior margins arcuate, converging posteriorly; anterior and posterior margins of ventrites more or less straight; ventrite I longer medially than II; II–IV subequal in length; V slightly longer than IV with lateral margins converging posteriorly to a rounded apex; apical margin bearing short, sparse setae; all ventrites bearing moderate, shallow punctation across surface, distance to nearest puncture approximately 2× diameter of puncture, punctures bearing mostly reclining setae; ventrite V with setae length nearly uniformly approximately 2× diameter of puncture; I–IV each with 2 or more median pairs of longer, semi-erect sensory hairs (difficult to see in poor lighting, often abraded). Male genitalia (n=2) with elongate, slightly flattened cylindrical median lobe, long coiled flagellum and dorsoventrally flattened tegmen with basal piece ring-like, similar to all others in the genus; as in all other known members of the genus, tegmen and median lobe held upside down while in repose inside body (
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B26FFE7FF95FAAE7B27FF1B517C" author="Tang, W. &amp; Xu, G. &amp; Marler, T. &amp; Khuraijam, J. S. &amp; Singh, R. &amp; Lindstrom, A. J. &amp; Radha, P. &amp; Rich, S. &amp; Nguyen, K. S. &amp; Skelley, P." pageId="11" pageNumber="439" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref11163" refString="Tang, W., Xu, G., Marler, T., Khuraijam, J. S., Singh, R., Lindstrom, A. J., Radha, P., Rich, S., Nguyen, K. S. &amp; Skelley, P. (2020) Beetles (Coleoptera) in cones of cycads (Cycadales) of the northern hemisphere: diversity and evolution. Insecta Mundi, 0781, 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="2020">
Tang 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FA6E7B27FF43517C" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">et al</emphasis>
. 2020
</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE7FF95FEED7B4BFE7D517F" box="[267,403,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Figs. 6G–H</figureCitation>
). Parameres of tegmen in dorso-ventral view nearly parallel-sided, expanding slightly in apical half, apex slightly to strongly asymmetrical and pointing toward midline of tegmen; in lateral view length/width ratio 3.4–4.6, setae confined to apex with length &lt;width of paramere (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE7FF95FC4B7B93FC1251B7" box="[941,1020,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF76665FFFE6FF94FF717D4AFCF857EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="438" startId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" targetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE6FF94FF717D4AFCF857EB" blockId="10.[151,1437,1866,2035]" pageId="10" pageNumber="438">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE6FF94FF717D4AFEF9577A" bold="true" box="[151,279,1866,1891]" pageId="10" pageNumber="438">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE6FF94FEC77D4BFE17577B" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[289,505,1867,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE6FF94FEC77D4BFE17577B" box="[289,505,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="438">Pharaxonotha perezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF217BB7FE4D530F" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF217BB7FECB51C8" bold="true" box="[199,293,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Female.</emphasis>
Similar to male, no sexual dimorphism observed. Length 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FC247BB6FB8751C8" box="[962,1129,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.51" metricValueMin="2.59" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.51" valueMin="2.59">2.59–3.51 mm</quantity>
, width 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FB597BB7FA8A51C8" box="[1215,1380,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" metricValueMax="1.31" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="mm" value="1.17" valueMax="1.31" valueMin="1.03">1.03–1.31 mm</quantity>
(n = 10). Head width 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FEBD7BDBFDEE51EC" box="[347,512,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="6.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="mm" value="0.655" valueMax="0.69" valueMin="0.62">0.62–0.69 mm</quantity>
and 0.69–0.76× pronotal width; dorsal interocular distance 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FB547BDBFAB751EC" box="[1202,1369,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5999999999999996" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="mm" value="0.395" valueMax="0.43" valueMin="0.36">0.36–0.43 mm</quantity>
, head width/dorsal interocular distance ratio 1.60–1.67, ventral interocular distance 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FBF57BFFFB545200" box="[1043,1210,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="mm" value="0.295" valueMax="0.32" valueMin="0.27">0.27–0.32 mm</quantity>
, head width/ventral interocular distance ratio 2.00–2.25. Pronotum length/width ratio 0.68–0.72. Elytra length/width ratio1.69–1.78. Genitalia (n=4): gonostylus cylindrical, widest at apex, tapering slightly and gradually to base, set apically on gonocoxite, length= 3.9–5.6× width (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE7FF95FDA5786BFD4E529F" box="[579,672,619,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
). Spermatheca distinct from all other 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FBB0786BFB18529C" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1875" box="[1110,1270,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FBB0786BFB18529C" box="[1110,1270,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Pharaxonotha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
studied so far from throughout its range (Tang, unpublished data): compact and arcuate, but not C-shaped, length/width = 2.8–3.3, apical third approximately 1.3× width of basal third, apical half with moderate annulation, apex rounded, basal third with longitudinal striations, spermathecal and glandular duct adjacent and inserted in a shallow pit on dorsal side of the basal third (
<figureCitation id="13322A52FFE7FF95FEA378FBFE78530F" box="[325,406,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[275,1313,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pharaxonotha perezi (A–F: female holotype): A–C) dorsal, lateral and ventral habitus (male habitus with no discernable difference); D–F) head, dorsal, lateral and ventral views; G) tegmen attached to median lobe (top) genital capsule (bottom), ventral views; H) tegmen attached to median lobe, lateral view; I) parameres of tegmen, (top to bottom) ventral and lateral views; J) spermatheca; K) female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: white = 1 mm for A, B &amp; C; brown = 0.5 mm for D, E &amp; F; gray = 0.5 mm for G, H &amp; K; black = 0.1 mm for I &amp; J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623183/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655CFFE7FF95FF21791FFC90554C" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF21791FFD8F5344" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<materialsCitation id="3B613C8AFFE7FF95FF21791FFDB05344" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3808181301" collectorName="Reserva de Biosfera Selva el Ocote" country="Mexico" location="Reserva de Biosfera Selva" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiapas" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF21791FFE8B5321" bold="true" box="[199,357,798,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FF21791FFEEC5320" box="[199,258,799,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F31E7647FFE7FF95FE8D791FFE2D5320" box="[363,451,799,825]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FE28791FFDC55320" box="[462,555,799,825]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
, near the border of 
<collectorName id="26FC5301FFE7FF95FCE5791FFB635320" box="[771,1165,799,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<location id="8ED6600CFFE7FF95FCE5791FFBC65320" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A087C1FFE5FF95FF717A97FCA6571C:8ED6600CFFE7FF95FCE5791FFBC65320" box="[771,1064,799,825]" country="Mexico" name="Reserva de Biosfera Selva" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" stateProvince="Chiapas">Reserva de Biosfera Selva</location>
el Ocote
</collectorName>
[GPS and locality name omitted], forest understory on limestone
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF217967FAA053BC" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF217967FEF45398" bold="true" box="[199,282,871,897]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Range.</emphasis>
The original description of the host of this beetle species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FC467967FB475398" box="[928,1193,871,897]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santillanii">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FC467967FB475398" box="[928,1193,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia santillanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, indicates its range as the northern highlands of 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FE5E798BFDBB53BC" box="[440,597,907,933]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Chiapas State</collectingRegion>
, including the Ocote Biosphere Reserve (
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B26FFE7FF95FBC3798BFAAC53BC" author="Perez-Farrera, M. A. &amp; Vovides, A. P. &amp; Martinez-Camilo, R. &amp; Martinez-Melendez, N. &amp; Iglesias, C." box="[1061,1346,907,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" pagination="433 - 443" refId="ref10238" refString="Perez-Farrera, M. A., Vovides, A. P., Martinez-Camilo, R., Martinez-Melendez, N. &amp; Iglesias, C. (2009) A reassessment of the Ceratozamia miqueliana species complex (Zamiaceae) of southeastern Mexico, with comments on species relationships. Systematics and Biodiversity, 7, 433 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200009990211" type="journal article" year="2009">
Pérez-Farrera 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FB20798BFB1953BC" box="[1222,1271,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF2179AEFCBF5440" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF2179AEFE5C53D1" bold="true" box="[199,434,942,968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B613C8AFFE7FF95FE5C79AFFB115408" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3808181310" collectingDate="2021-05-16" collectorName="H. Gomez Dominguez &amp; M. Jones" country="Mexico" location="Chis" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FE5C79AFFDC953D0" bold="true" box="[442,551,943,969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FE5C79AFFDC953D0" box="[442,551,943,969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(by designation) female of 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FC8379AFFBBE53D1" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[869,1104,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FC8379AFFBBE53D1" box="[869,1104,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Pharaxonotha perezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the following labels: 1) [rectangular; white; printed in black ink] “ 
<collectingCountry id="F31E7647FFE7FF95FD8C79D3FD5E53F4" box="[618,688,979,1005]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">MEX</collectingCountry>
., 
<location id="8ED6600CFFE7FF95FD5879D3FD1A53F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A087C1FFE5FF95FF717A97FCA6571C:8ED6600CFFE7FF95FD5879D3FD1A53F4" box="[702,756,979,1005]" country="Mexico" name="Chis" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Chis</location>
, [GPS coord. and locality omitted], cone 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FB5879D3FF245408" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santillanii">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FB5879D3FF245408" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia santillanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="9D0FFD5EFFE7FF95FF3579F7FF045408" box="[211,234,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="FFB71017FFE7FF95FF1E79F7FE9D5408" box="[248,371,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" value="2021-05-16">
<collectingDate id="EFF3E9FFFFE7FF95FF1E79F7FE9D5408" box="[248,371,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" value="2021-05-16">16-V-2021</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26FC5301FFE7FF95FE6679F7FD6E5408" box="[384,640,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">H. Gomez Dominguez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26FC5301FFE7FF95FD4179F7FCFA5408" box="[679,788,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">M. Jones</collectorName>
”; 2) [rectangular; red; printed in black ink]
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B613C8AFFE7FF95FAEE79F7FBD6542C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3808181304" collectionCode="FSCA" country="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FAEE79F7FA725408" box="[1288,1436,1015,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D0FFD5EFFE7FF95FF717E1BFF42542C" box="[151,172,1051,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FF527E1BFCCC542C" authority="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez 2022" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[180,802,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF527E1BFE71542D" box="[180,415,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Pharaxonotha perezi</emphasis>
Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez 2022
</taxonomicName>
. Deposited in the 
<collectionCode id="ED18AE12FFE7FF95FC087E1BFBD6542C" box="[1006,1080,1051,1077]" country="USA" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B613C8AFFE7FF95FBA57E1AFCA35440" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3808181307" collectionCode="FSCA, IEXA" country="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-adult="14" typeStatus="allotype">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FBA57E1AFB46542D" bold="true" box="[1091,1192,1050,1076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FBA57E1AFB46542D" box="[1091,1192,1050,1076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED18AE12FFE7FF95FB517E1BFAEE542C" box="[1207,1280,1051,1077]" country="USA" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
) and 
<specimenCount id="9D0FFD5EFFE7FF95FAA67E1BFA72542C" box="[1344,1436,1051,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="adult">14 adult</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF717E3FFEF35441" bold="true" box="[151,285,1086,1113]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FF717E3FFEE35440" box="[151,269,1087,1113]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
</emphasis>
same data as holotype) deposited at 
<collectionCode id="ED18AE12FFE7FF95FD547E3FFD155440" box="[690,763,1087,1113]" country="USA" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED18AE12FFE7FF95FCE07E3FFCA35440" box="[774,845,1087,1113]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">IEXA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF217E63FC90554C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
Additional specimens studied, but not included in 
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FCE17E63FCAC5464" box="[775,834,1123,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">types</typeStatus>
series: 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FC7A7E62FB8A5465" bold="true" box="[924,1124,1122,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<collectingCountry id="F31E7647FFE7FF95FC7A7E62FC195465" box="[924,1015,1122,1148]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Mexico</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FBE37E62FB8A5465" box="[1029,1124,1122,1148]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
, Hwy 105, La Mora, [GPS omitted], 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FEE37E87FEBB54B8" box="[261,341,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.289" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="m" value="1289.0">1289m</quantity>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FE877E87FD7854B8" box="[353,662,1159,1185]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamberlainii">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FE877E87FD7854B8" box="[353,662,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia chamberlainii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mid shed 
<specimenCount id="9D0FFD5EFFE7FF95FCEA7E87FCCF54B8" box="[780,801,1159,1185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
cone, 
<date id="FFB71017FFE7FF95FC8A7E87FC1F54B8" box="[876,1009,1159,1185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" value="2018-04-23">23-IV-2018</date>
, M. A. Perez Farrera &amp; W. Tang (10); 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF717EAAFEBB54DC" bold="true" box="[151,341,1194,1221]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FF717EAAFEBB54DC" box="[151,341,1194,1221]" country="Mexico" name="San Luis Potosi" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">San Luis Potosí</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
, Hwy 70, E of Tamasopo, 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FD767EABFD3D54DC" box="[656,723,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="m" value="640.0">640m</quantity>
, [GPS omitted], cone 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FC327EABFAEA54DC" box="[980,1284,1195,1221]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microstrobila">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FC327EABFAEA54DC" box="[980,1284,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia microstrobila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FAF07EABFA7D54DC" box="[1302,1427,1195,1221]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="440" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
C. 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FADC7EABFA7D54DC" box="[1338,1427,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] 
<specimenCount id="9D0FFD5EFFE7FF95FF717ECFFF4054F0" box="[151,174,1231,1257]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="FFB71017FFE7FF95FF5D7ECFFED154F0" box="[187,319,1231,1257]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" value="2018-04-21">21-IV-2018</date>
, M. A. Perez Farrera &amp; W. Tang (57); Potrero de Carneros Km 17 Carr. Rio Verde-Cd. Valles [GPS omitted], 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FEE27EF3FEA95514" box="[260,327,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</quantity>
, J. A. Peréz de la Rosa y G. Vargas cols. Ex 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FCD17EF3FBC95514" box="[823,1063,1267,1293]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FCD17EF3FBC95514" box="[823,1063,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(estrobio masculine), 
<date id="FFB71017FFE7FF95FAC77EF3FA735514" box="[1313,1437,1267,1293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" value="2003-07-04">4.VII.2003</date>
(4); Tampermoche, [GPS omitted], ex 
<specimenCount id="9D0FFD5EFFE7FF95FDA27F17FDB75528" box="[580,601,1303,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FD867F17FCD35528" box="[608,829,1303,1329]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hildae">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FD867F17FCD35528" box="[608,829,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia hildae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
late shed cone, 
<date id="FFB71017FFE7FF95FC097F17FB9A5528" box="[1007,1140,1303,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" value="2018-04-19">19-IV-2018</date>
, M. A. Perez Farrera &amp; W. Tang (20). These will be deposited in the institutions stated above.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655CFFE7FF95FF217F5FFE0E5584" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF217F5FFE0E5584" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF217F5FFEA05560" bold="true" box="[199,334,1375,1401]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named in honor of Miguel Angel Pérez-Farrera for his work on the systematics, ecology and conservation of Mexican cycads.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C313655CFFE7FF95FF217FA7FCA6571C" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB636D7FFE7FF95FF217FA7FCA6571C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF217FA7FED555D8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1447,1473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Remarks.</emphasis>
A female specimen was chosen as the 
<typeStatus id="54B28875FFE7FF95FCE67FA7FC8C55D8" box="[768,866,1447,1473]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
due to the distinctive and highly diagnostic spermatheca of the female in this species. Current morphological analysis did not reveal differences in size or body proportions between the 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FE497FEFFDE05611" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[431,526,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FE497FEFFDE05611" box="[431,526,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">P. perezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
population found on 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FCE57FEFFC795610" box="[771,919,1519,1545]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santillanii">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FCE57FEFFC795610" box="[771,919,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">C. santillanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FC5A7FEFFBF85610" box="[956,1046,1519,1545]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
and similar beetles collected from 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FF717C13FE205634" box="[151,462,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FF717C13FEB75634" box="[151,345,1555,1581]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chamberlainii">C. chamberlainii</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FE807C13FE205634" box="[358,462,1555,1581]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hildae">C. hildae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FDE17C13FD6C5634" box="[519,642,1555,1581]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FDE17C13FD6C5634" box="[519,642,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">C. latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FD4F7C13FCED5634" box="[681,771,1555,1581]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FCDA7C13FC015634" box="[828,1007,1555,1581]" country="Mexico" name="San Luis Potosi" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">San Luis Potosi</collectingRegion>
states, over 
<quantity id="4CF19B32FFE7FF95FB997C12FB385634" box="[1151,1238,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
to the northwest. Therefore, it is unclear whether beetles from these two regions represent disjunct isolated species or whether they represent the two ends of a more continuous distribution across this range. Dwarf 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FBDE7C5BFACB566C" box="[1080,1317,1627,1653]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FBDE7C5BFB27566C" box="[1080,1225,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, similar to these four, occur on similar steep habitats in 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FD677C7FFCF35680" box="[641,797,1663,1689]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Veracruz state</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF984B26FFE7FF95FCCC7C7FFBEC5680" author="Vovides, A. P. &amp; Avendano, S. &amp; Perez-Farrera, M. A. &amp; Gonzalez-Astorga, J." box="[810,1026,1663,1689]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" pagination="109 - 114" refId="ref11608" refString="Vovides, A. P., Avendano, S., Perez-Farrera, M. A. &amp; Gonzalez-Astorga, J. (2008) A new species of Ceratozamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico. Novon, 18, 109 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2006063" type="journal article" year="2008">
Vovides 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FC6A7C7FFC525680" box="[908,956,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
) between these two areas, presenting the possibility of a more continuous distribution for this beetle. Survey of dwarf 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FBCC7CA3FAFA56A4" box="[1066,1300,1699,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FBCC7CA3FB5556A4" box="[1066,1211,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Ceratozamia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingRegion id="49CDF835FFE7FF95FADF7CA3FA7256A4" box="[1337,1436,1699,1725]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
for cone beetles and analysis of DNA may help to resolve the identity of these similar northern 
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FB497CC7FAAF56F8" box="[1199,1345,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">Pharaxontha</emphasis>
beetles. Here the type series for 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FE457CEBFDEC571D" authorityName="Tang &amp; Gomez Dominguez" authorityYear="2022" box="[419,514,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Erotylidae" genus="Pharaxonotha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perezi">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FE457CEBFDEC571D" box="[419,514,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">P. perezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to 
<taxonomicName id="4C094D54FFE7FF95FD497CEBFCAC571C" box="[687,834,1771,1797]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Zamiaceae" genus="Ceratozamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="11" pageNumber="439" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="santillanii">
<emphasis id="B97DEAC5FFE7FF95FD497CEBFCAC571C" box="[687,834,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="439">C. santillanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>