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<document id="64F7FE0D5D2AE11B08C83F7B646BD325" ID-CLB-Dataset="22142" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.312" ID-GBIF-Dataset="561d2129-c2be-4670-9aa7-96e948247157" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827336" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589469117322" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Groeninckx, Inge, Janssens, Steven, Smets, Erik &amp; Verstraete, Brecht" docDate="2017" docId="039E3C565A21FF8D9D6B020EE6580D46" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-312.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 312" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Astiella deblockiae Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFA7442E5A2DFF829F45044FE5770F45" masterDocTitle="Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698839704049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="31CF10EE483B262FBE1A0D23260AA54D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="35358C38E812EF6A7569575DD685EFBF">
<mods:title id="B8E758367E2486EFAB0807ACC9A6A176">Description of 11 new Astiella (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae) species endemic to Madagascar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C26C9427E0F930B58C7B501BA8DE7E0E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2B55BC2691BB1C3C2FD69DAE95CD867E">
<mods:roleTerm id="3C72A27F4E0966A6B76ECDD9AFC367B1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F1CC7171B43851FFF01287C214411CF5">Groeninckx, Inge</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C9B48AC6AE765819E6B32504BA7F3FC6">Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, P. O. Box 2435, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. &amp; Email: inge. groeninckx @ kuleuven. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4071891ACA597784E5A2A7D8CF1C7A88" type="email">inge.groeninckx@kuleuven.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="014A9CC1FBBB997564D856ADE289D844" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6513FC9B8AF937B4BBE9B7B351DB377B">
<mods:roleTerm id="0D61294F17F779E2CF8BD0DACEFFFA96">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4B134FB2AC75D99887E8C342D28C2CA1">Janssens, Steven</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="85DF2D62D1A0FD539811132D0EB5B534">Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium. &amp; Email: steven. janssens @ botanicgardenmeise. be</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="09FD78CA7DEAE21B024F2FDCB002E2D9" type="email">steven.janssens@botanicgardenmeise.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7836F420798C9C4BD03118F955DD8742" type="personal">
<mods:role id="93DB01118949F012A881516932251D13">
<mods:roleTerm id="5175C129484AC2654893A9B7AC3AF335">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D8398D2D1B35EB8F698DCE64395225D1">Smets, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9F80D3FA0FCE44A34596F0DBD8EF417C">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. &amp; Email: erik. smets @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F0DB3F94CDC4E167C41D53C8C9D5C933" type="email">erik.smets@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C79F00BE387554D6E39E0EF76C95EC9E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="11671FD2FC648AB940B0FAF63CF0B44C">Verstraete, Brecht</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D5BA97B12C48855309AEC2E80AE7A44A">Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade 83 S, 1307 Copenhagen, Denmark. &amp; Corresponding author: brecht. verstraete @ snm. ku. dk</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9E4FF7D33BDFE79B0CB91CF20FF749E5" type="email">brecht.verstraete@snm.ku.dk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="B85572852C0205697202FAF27F8D122B">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8D8D6BD6B4090C0EB9CF72FC7040CC61">
<mods:date id="9A62F81F9BEF352664514F867B85CF23">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="89BE04EA4313E1F2AF8FC9A58682FD17" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2B96144D07B9B856DBAD7D890DC3F646">2017-04-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BFCF5B9FAC491C492D4F6FE4A1E4C1D9">312</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CEFE21645992E3241D2EB9BE0A51DB80" type="Zenodo-Dep">3827336</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039E3C565A21FF8D9D6B020EE6580D46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846900" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164151062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846900" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E3C565A21FF8D9D6B020EE6580D46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E3C565A21FF8D9D6B020EE6580D46" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A21FF8E9D6B020EE1720919" box="[558,1029,1601,1628]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A21FF8E9D6B020EE1720919" blockId="12.[463,1124,1601,1698]" box="[558,1029,1601,1628]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A21FF8E9D6B020EE1720919" box="[558,1029,1601,1628]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A21FF8E9D6B020EE6D4091E" ID-CoL="8WRJD" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[558,931,1601,1628]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deblockiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A21FF8E9D6B020EE6650919" bold="true" box="[558,786,1601,1628]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Astiella deblockiae</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A21FF8E9CEE020DE1720919" box="[939,1029,1602,1628]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A21FF8E9E8A022BE6ED09E7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A21FF8E9E8A022BE113093B" blockId="12.[463,1124,1601,1698]" box="[463,1124,1636,1662]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">http://www.ipni.org/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77161717-1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A21FF8E9DDC02C8E6ED09E7" blockId="12.[463,1124,1601,1698]" box="[665,922,1671,1698]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A21FF8E9DDC02C8E78D09E7" box="[665,762,1671,1698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1854,1880]" captionTargetBox="[281,1310,272,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[270,1317,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Distribution maps. A. Astiella antongilensis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. confusa Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. E. A. delicatula Jovet. F. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. G. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. H. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. I. A. longifimbria Groeninckx sp. nov. J. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. K. A. pulla Groeninckx sp. nov. L. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827340/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A21FF8E9C4302C7E65D09E7" box="[774,810,1672,1698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,904,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1399,901,1815]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of pollen in polar view (PV), the apocolpium (AC), pollen in equatorial view (EV) and the mesocolpium (ME). A. Astiella antsalovansis Groeninckx sp. nov. B. A. deblockiae Groeninckx sp. nov. C. A. delicatula Groeninckx sp. nov. D. A. desseinii Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A and C: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC = 1 µm, ME = 2 µm; for B and D: PV, EV = 5 µm, AC, ME = 1 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827345/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130C91C55A21FF8E9C7202C8E63309E7" box="[823,836,1671,1698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[283,1305,267,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[283,1305,265,1815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of seeds and a detail of their surface. A–B. Astiella antsalovansisGroeninckx sp. nov.C–D.A. deblockiaeGroeninckx sp. nov.E–F.A. desseiniiGroeninckx sp. nov. G–I. A. delicatula Jovet. J–K. A. homolleae Groeninckx sp. nov. L–M. A. latifolia Groeninckx sp. nov. N–O. A. perrieri Groeninckx sp. nov. P–R. A. tsaratanensis Groeninckx sp. nov. Scale bars for A, C, E, J, L, N = 100 µm; B, I = 50 µm; D = 10 µm; F, K, M, O, R = 20 µm; G, H, P, Q = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827347/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">5</figureCitation>
C–D, 7
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A21FF8E9FF80286E44308DA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A21FF8E9FF80286E44109A6" blockId="12.[189,310,1737,1763]" box="[189,310,1737,1763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A21FF8E9FF80286E44109A6" bold="true" box="[189,310,1737,1763]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A21FF8E9FF80286E44109A6" bold="true" box="[189,310,1737,1763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A21FF8E9FF802B8E44308DA" blockId="12.[189,1399,1783,1951]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A21FF8E9FF802B8E4EB0854" authority="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete, 2017" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,412,1783,1809]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deblockiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A21FF8E9FF802B8E4EB0854" box="[189,412,1783,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Astiella deblockiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A21FF8E9EE702B7E48B0857" box="[418,508,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A21FF8E9D3802B7E6730854" authority="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete, 2017" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[637,772,1783,1810]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="desseinii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A21FF8E9D3802B7E6730854" box="[637,772,1783,1810]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. desseinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A21FF8E9C4C02B7E6130857" box="[777,868,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A21FF8E9CDF02B7E1610854" authority="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete, 2017" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[922,1046,1783,1810]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A21FF8E9CDF02B7E1610854" box="[922,1046,1783,1810]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A21FF8E9B5902B7E1000857" box="[1052,1143,1784,1810]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having tricolporate pollen and numerous ovules per locule, but differs in having a small habit (
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9B0A0355E1FC0870" box="[1103,1163,1818,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
vs
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9BFC0354E0410870" box="[1209,1334,1818,1845]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 cm</quantity>
tall), very small leaves (
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9EDD0371E75A081D" box="[408,557,1854,1881]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.2">2.2–4.5 mm</quantity>
vs 3.2–20(–30) mm long), small corolla tubes (
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9B220371E18C081D" box="[1127,1275,1854,1881]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.2 mm</quantity>
vs
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9A610371E59C0839" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–11 mm</quantity>
long), small capsules (
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9D46032EE7F30839" box="[515,644,1889,1916]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2 mm</quantity>
vs
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A21FF8E9DF4032EE6460839" box="[689,817,1889,1916]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.0">3–4.5 mm</quantity>
long), and dorsiventrally flattened seeds (vs not flattened).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF48DDC85A20FF8F9FF803CCE1B208A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827351/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[189,232,1923,1949]" targetBox="[299,1284,272,1876]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A20FF8F9FF803CCE1B208A6" blockId="13.[189,1400,1923,2020]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9FF803CCE47C08D8" bold="true" box="[189,267,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A20FF8F9E5603CCE7F108D8" authority="Groeninckx" authorityName="Groeninckx &amp; Janssens &amp; Smets &amp; Verstraete" authorityYear="2017" box="[275,646,1923,1949]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Astiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deblockiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9E5603CCE48308D8" box="[275,500,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Astiella deblockiae</emphasis>
Groeninckx
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A270EC295A20FF8F9DCB03CCE79E08D8" box="[654,745,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9DB503CCE67208D8" bold="true" box="[752,773,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
. Habit.
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9C2003CCE60E08D8" bold="true" box="[869,889,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
. Brevistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9B3803CCE1E508D8" bold="true" box="[1149,1170,1923,1949]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C</emphasis>
. Open longistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9E5203E9E4430885" bold="true" box="[279,308,1958,1984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D.</emphasis>
Open brevistylous flower.
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9D3F03E9E7F90885" bold="true" box="[634,654,1958,1984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E</emphasis>
. Ovary dissected to show placentation.
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9B2A03E9E1F60885" bold="true" box="[1135,1153,1958,1984]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">F</emphasis>
. Capsule. Drawn by Marijke Meersman. All from
<emphasis id="B94351525A20FF8F9D520385E10B08A6" box="[535,1148,1993,2020]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">De Block, Rakotonasolo &amp; Randriamboavonjy 1303</emphasis>
(BR).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A23FF8C9FF80544E10D0E33" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80544E4330E60" blockId="14.[189,324,267,293]" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A23FF8C9FF80544E4330E60" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9FF80544E4330E60" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80576E10D0E33" blockId="14.[189,1398,313,375]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
The species is named in honour of Dr. Petra De Block, who collected it at the Baies de Sakalaves and who played an important role in making the inventory of Madagascan
<taxonomicName id="4C37F6C35A23FF8C9CBD0513E1010E33" box="[1016,1142,348,374]" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A23FF8C9FF805D1E1DF0DA6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF805D1E58D0EFD" blockId="14.[189,250,414,440]" box="[189,250,414,440]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A23FF8C9FF805D1E58D0EFD" bold="true" box="[189,250,414,440]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9FF805D1E58D0EFD" bold="true" box="[189,250,414,440]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="548C33E25A23FF8C9FF805D1E58D0EFD" box="[189,250,414,440]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80582E6D80D68" blockId="14.[189,1399,460,557]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A23FF8C9FF80582E4E10EA2" box="[189,406,461,487]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A23FF8C9ED90583E7EA0EA3" box="[412,669,460,486]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antsiranana province</collectingRegion>
, Diana region,
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A23FF8C9C0C0583E6AD0EA3" box="[841,986,460,486]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
I district, Baies de Sakalaves, dunes not far from the beach, low herbaceous vegetation, white sand,
<date id="FF89AB805A23FF8C9CD905BFE1440D4F" box="[924,1075,496,522]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2002-01-19">19 Jan. 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9B7B05BEE1DE0D4F" box="[1086,1193,496,522]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">De Block</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9BF205BFE4970D68" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rakotonasolo &amp; Randriamboavonjy 1303</emphasis>
(holo-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9D7B065CE71E0D68" box="[574,617,531,557]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BR</collectionCode>
; iso-:
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9DF5065CE7AD0D68" box="[688,730,531,557]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BR</collectionCode>
, K,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9C4F065CE64B0D68" box="[778,828,531,557]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9C0D065CE62F0D68" box="[840,856,531,557]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9C26065CE6D40D68" box="[867,931,531,557]" country="Madagascar" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF8061BE7430D2B" blockId="14.[189,564,596,622]" box="[189,564,596,622]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A23FF8C9FF8061BE7430D2B" bold="true" box="[189,564,596,622]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9FF8061BE7430D2B" bold="true" box="[189,564,596,622]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Additional material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF806CCE1DF0DA6" blockId="14.[189,1398,643,740]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A23FF8C9FF806CCE4E10DD8" box="[189,406,643,669]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A23FF8C9EDB06CCE7D60DD8" box="[414,673,643,669]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antsiranana province</collectingRegion>
, Diana region,
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A23FF8C9C1606CCE6930DD8" box="[851,996,643,669]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
I district, Diégo-Suarez, Orangea, en coussinets sur le sable, bord de la mer,
<date id="FF89AB805A23FF8C9DF106E9E6270D85" box="[692,848,678,704]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1970-04-16">16 Apr. 1970</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9C1B06E8E6880D85" box="[862,1023,678,704]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bosser 20203</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9B5406E9E1520D85" box="[1041,1061,678,704]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
); Sud de la forêt d’Orangea, environs de Diégo-Suarez,
<date id="FF89AB805A23FF8C9EB90686E7EA0DA6" box="[508,669,713,740]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1970-11-24">24 Nov. 1970</date>
,
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9DEF0686E1010DA1" box="[682,1142,713,740]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Keraudren-Aymonin &amp; Aymonin 25500</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2615855A23FF8C9BC20686E1EC0DA6" box="[1159,1179,713,739]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A23FF8C9FF80744E63209A3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80744E4390C60" blockId="14.[189,334,779,805]" box="[189,334,779,805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A23FF8C9FF80744E4390C60" bold="true" box="[189,334,779,805]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9FF80744E4390C60" bold="true" box="[189,334,779,805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80776E63209A3" blockId="14.[189,1399,825,1767]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Perennial herb, prostrate, ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9D480776E7300C11" box="[525,583,825,852]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
tall, somewhat succulent; stems quadrangular in cross section, somewhat lignified at the base, glabrous or scabrate, brown. Stipule base
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9C9F0712E1190C32" box="[986,1134,861,887]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.8 mm</quantity>
long, beset with a few trichomes; fimbriae 2–4,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9EA307CFE7020CDF" box="[486,629,896,922]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9999999999999996" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.39999999999999997" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.7 mm</quantity>
long. Leaves petiolate, succulent; petioles
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9B2307CFE1A80CDF" box="[1126,1247,896,922]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.4">0.4–1 mm</quantity>
long, ciliate; blades ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, 2.2–4.5 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9C4107ECE6E00CF8" box="[772,919,931,957]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.1">1.1–2.4 mm</quantity>
, glabrous except for ciliate margin at the base of the leaf; base attenuate; apex shortly acuminate or acute; margin revolute when dry; midvein prominent below; secondary veins invisible; intersecondaries invisible. Inflorescences pseudo-axillary, mostly 1- to 3-flowered; peduncle absent. Pedicels
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9C6B0042E6D60B62" box="[814,929,1037,1063]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="1.0">1–11 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous. Flowers heterostylous. Calyx green; tube reduced; lobes 4, ovate to broadly ovate, 0.6–1 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9CA60060E1160B0F" box="[995,1121,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 mm</quantity>
, glabrous, colleters and a few trichomes in between the lobes. Corolla pale pink; tube cylindrical, 1.5–2.2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9B86001CE0210B28" box="[1219,1366,1107,1133]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.4 mm</quantity>
in brevistylous flowers, 0.8–1 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9D5F0039E7040BD4" box="[538,627,1142,1169]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
in longistylous flowers, glabrous outside, with a ring of trichomes (ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9FA900D6E43D0BF1" box="[236,330,1177,1204]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
long) at the lower half inside; lobes 4, narrowly ovate or ovate, 1.4–2.5 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9BB100D6E0040BF1" box="[1268,1395,1177,1204]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1 mm</quantity>
, glabrous outside, papillose inside, with a ring of spreading trichomes (ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9B0700F3E1E80B92" box="[1090,1183,1212,1239]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long) at the base inside in longistylous flowers. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla lobes, exserted for
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9A7000AFE59C0A58" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.0">1–1.8 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat in brevistylous flowers, exserted for
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9CB7014CE1FD0A58" box="[1010,1162,1283,1309]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.6 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat in longistylous flowers. Anthers ellipsoid,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9DBB0169E6F80A04" box="[766,911,1318,1345]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 mm</quantity>
long; filaments dorsifixed, ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9BB30169E04D0A04" box="[1270,1338,1318,1345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long in brevistylous flowers, ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9EB30106E7380A21" box="[502,591,1353,1380]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
long in longistylous flowers. Pollen tricolporate, oblate spheroidal to prolate spheroidal; E 24–26 μm; P 23–25 μm; ectocolpi long; endocolpi unknown; tectum bireticulate; suprareticulum microreticulate to reticulate; infrareticulum present as granules in the lumina of the suprareticulum. Ovary 2-locular, broadly obovoid to broadly depressed obovoid, 0.7–1.2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9BA501FCE0050A88" box="[1248,1394,1459,1486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous to sparsely pubescent; placenta attached near the middle of the septum, stalked, globose, bearing numerous ovules per locule. Style ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9DA601B6E6370951" box="[739,832,1529,1556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long and included or only with the stigma tips exserted beyond the corolla throat in brevistylous flowers,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9C2C0253E6940972" box="[873,995,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.0">2–3.5 mm</quantity>
long and exserted for
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9BA20252E0000972" box="[1255,1399,1565,1591]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.7 mm</quantity>
beyond the corolla throat in longistylous flowers, hirtellous; stigma bilobed, lobes ca
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9BF80270E06E091F" box="[1213,1305,1599,1626]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long in brevistylous flowers,
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9EF2022CE73D0938" box="[439,586,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
long in longistylous flowers, papillate. Capsules subglobose, 1.4–2 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9FF802C9E44909E4" box="[189,318,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2 mm</quantity>
, crowned with persistent calyx lobes, glabrous, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds numerous per locule, ovate in outline, dorsiventrally flattened, ventral groove absent, 0.4–0.5 ×
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A23FF8C9BC402E6E06F0981" box="[1153,1304,1705,1732]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.4 mm</quantity>
, brown; seed coat surface reticulate, microsculpturing rugulose.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A23FF8C9FF80341E1410813" box="[189,1078,1806,1879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80341E421086D" blockId="14.[189,342,1806,1832]" box="[189,342,1806,1832]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A23FF8C9FF80341E421086D" bold="true" box="[189,342,1806,1832]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9FF80341E421086D" bold="true" box="[189,342,1806,1832]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80372E1410813" blockId="14.[189,1078,1852,1879]" box="[189,1078,1852,1879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
N
<collectingCountry id="F320CDD05A23FF8C9F9C0373E41C0813" box="[217,363,1852,1878]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A23FF8C9E300373E70D0813" box="[373,634,1852,1878]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antsiranana province</collectingRegion>
, Diana region,
<collectingRegion id="49F343A25A23FF8C9C6A0373E6B70813" box="[815,960,1852,1878]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
I district.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A23FF8C9FF80331E7B00883" box="[189,711,1918,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF80331E46A08DD" blockId="14.[189,285,1918,1944]" box="[189,285,1918,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A23FF8C9FF80331E46A08DD" bold="true" box="[189,285,1918,1944]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A23FF8C9FF80331E46A08DD" bold="true" box="[189,285,1918,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A23FF8C9FF803E2E7B00883" blockId="14.[189,711,1964,1991]" box="[189,711,1964,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dunes close to the sea; white sand substrate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32DDECB5A22FF8D9FF80545E6580D46" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF80545E4C20E61" blockId="15.[189,437,266,292]" box="[189,437,266,292]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="D0C03A2C5A22FF8D9FF80545E4C20E61" bold="true" box="[189,437,266,292]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94351525A22FF8D9FF80545E4C20E61" bold="true" box="[189,437,266,292]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Conservation status</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B888D405A22FF8D9FF80577E6580D46" blockId="15.[189,1399,312,515]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
The species is known from three collections at two localities representing two different locations. The extent of occurrence could not be calculated because there are only two sets of lat/long coordinates. The area of occupancy is estimated smaller than
<quantity id="4CCF20A55A22FF8D9C4B0530E62D0EDC" box="[782,858,383,409]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4220085A22FF8D9C190532E6120ECE" attach="right" box="[860,869,381,395]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">2</superScript>
. The main threat for the species is the high human pressure in some areas where the species occurs. A decline in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, and area, extent, and/or quality of habitat is therefore very likely. Therefore the species is considered endangered: EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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