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<mods:title id="305913FCC88D7FA36FE006C08F06FDE9">A checklist and key to the snakes of the genus Geophis (Squamata: Colubridae: Dipsadinae), with commentary on distribution and conservation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B1D81D0800576E145AE2EA2A47A10808">Wilson, Larry David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="665760C1D6F6C73B447D169D16A4A8CA">Townsend, Josiah H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="04FB6DD8F4C6E3FFD0C75CBFFE687C41">2007</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE1FF9D65E4F899FB87853D" blockId="16.[151,507,1845,1871]" box="[151,507,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="AD676B3AFFE1FF9D65E4F899FB87853D" bold="true" box="[151,507,1845,1871]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFE1FF9D65E4F899FB87853D" bold="true" box="[151,507,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<keyStep id="4D64C4F3FFE1FF9D65E4F899FB87853D" box="[151,507,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<key id="82018B67FFE1FF9D65E4F899FB87853D" box="[151,507,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<keyLead id="4D617F63FFE1FF9D65E4F899FB87853D" box="[151,507,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
40.
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFE1FF9D65B0F899FB87853D" authority="Werner" authorityName="Werner" box="[195,507,1845,1871]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruthveni">
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFE1FF9D65B0F899FBEF853D" bold="true" box="[195,403,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Geophis ruthveni</emphasis>
Werner
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</key>
</keyStep>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE8A8FDDFFE1FF9D65E4F82CF83D85C5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE1FF9D65E4F82CF86C85E5" blockId="16.[151,577,1920,1975]" box="[151,528,1920,1943]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D680FB78FFE1FF9D65E4F82CF86C85E5" box="[151,528,1920,1943]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFE1FF9D65E4F82CF87785E5" authority="Werner 1925: 60" authorityName="Werner" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,523,1920,1943]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruthveni">
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFE1FF9D65E4F82CFB3385E5" box="[151,335,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Geophis ruthveni</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7731FA47FFE1FF9D6425F82CF87785E5" author="Werner" box="[342,523,1920,1943]" page="60" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE1FF9D6425F82CFB9F85E5" author="Werner" box="[342,483,1920,1943]" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" refString="Werner, F. (1925) Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen. Aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum (2. Teil). Sitzungsberichte / Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 134, 60." type="journal article" year="1925">Werner 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 60
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE1FF9D65E4F80CF83D85C5" blockId="16.[151,577,1920,1975]" box="[151,577,1952,1975]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D680FB78FFE1FF9D65E4F80CF83D85C5" box="[151,577,1952,1975]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFE1FF9D65E4F80CF84185C5" authority="Amaral 1929: 193" authorityName="Amaral" authorityPageNumber="193" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,573,1952,1975]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Catastoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agaricales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ruthveni">
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFE1FF9D65E4F80CFB1585C5" box="[151,361,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Catastoma ruthveni</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="7731FA47FFE1FF9D640BF80CF84185C5" author="Amaral" box="[376,573,1952,1975]" page="193" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE1FF9D640BF80CF87B85C5" author="Amaral" box="[376,519,1952,1975]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" refString="Amaral, A. d. (1929) Estudos sobre ophidios neotropicos XVIII. Lista remissive dos ophidios da regiao neotropico. Memorias Do Instituto Butantan, 4, 129 - 271." type="journal article" year="1929">Amaral 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 193
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BE8A8FDDFFE0FF9C65E4FF34F98383D0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE0FF9C65E4FF34F9C182C0" blockId="17.[151,1435,152,418]" box="[151,957,152,178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="292B62F4FFE0FF9C65E4FF34FB7482C0" box="[151,264,152,178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. Naturhistorischen Museums Wien (
<collectionCode id="90814493FFE0FF9C67C2FF34F96982C0" box="[689,789,152,178]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">NHMW</collectionCode>
) 16508, male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE0FF9C65B4FF6CFF0382A8" blockId="17.[151,1435,152,418]" box="[199,1407,192,218]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Type­locality. “Sarapigui,
<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFE0FF9C6489FF6CF81682A8" box="[506,618,192,218]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Brasilien</collectingCountry>
.” Probably refers to Sarapiquí, Heredia,
<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFE0FF9C6130FF6CFEBF82A8" box="[1091,1219,192,218]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(See Remarks).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE0FF9C65B4FF44F9EC8370" blockId="17.[151,1435,152,418]" box="[199,912,232,258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Distribution. North­central
<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFE0FF9C677BFF44F8F78370" box="[520,651,232,258]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="316871B3FFE0FF9C67E5FF44F96A8370" box="[662,790,232,258]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.425" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="842.5" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="85.0">85­1600 m</quantity>
elevation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE0FF9C65B4FEBCF8D18358" blockId="17.[151,1435,152,418]" box="[199,685,272,298]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Species group.
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFE0FF9C6408FEBCF8D68358" authority="Downs 1967" authorityName="Downs" authorityYear="1967" box="[379,682,272,298]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Catastoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agaricales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="championi">
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFE0FF9C6408FEBCFB8B835B" box="[379,503,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">championi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C6776FEBCF8DC8358" author="Downs" box="[517,672,272,298]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE0FF9C65B4FE94F9848320" blockId="17.[151,1435,152,418]" box="[199,1016,312,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Systematic references.
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C64A5FE94F8FF8320" author="Werner" box="[470,643,312,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" refString="Werner, F. (1925) Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen. Aus dem Wiener naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum (2. Teil). Sitzungsberichte / Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, 134, 60." type="journal article" year="1925">Werner (1925)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C67FCFE94F9408320" author="Savage" box="[655,828,312,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" refString="Savage, J. M. (1960) A revision of the Ecuadorian snakes of the Colubrid genus Atractus. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 112, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1960">Savage (1960)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C663BFE94F9888320" author="Downs" box="[840,1012,312,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs (1967)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFE0FF9C65B4FECCF98383D0" blockId="17.[151,1435,152,418]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Remarks.
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C6432FECCF8678308" author="Downs" box="[321,539,352,378]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs (1967: 78)</bibRefCitation>
agreed with
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C67CEFECCF9168308" author="Savage" box="[701,874,352,378]" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" refString="Savage, J. M. (1960) A revision of the Ecuadorian snakes of the Colubrid genus Atractus. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 112, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1960">Savage (1960)</bibRefCitation>
and Dunn (in
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFE0FF9C6153FECCFEB98308" author="Savage" box="[1056,1221,352,378]" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" refString="Savage, J. M. (1960) A revision of the Ecuadorian snakes of the Colubrid genus Atractus. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 112, 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1960">Savage, 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 31) that the
<typeStatus id="292B62F4FFE0FF9C601AFECCFFE78308" box="[1385,1435,352,378]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
locality of “Sarapigui,”
<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFE0FF9C64DDFE24FB8A83D0" box="[430,502,392,418]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Brazil</collectingCountry>
is in error and means Sarapiquí,
<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFE0FF9C660BFE24F98783D0" box="[888,1019,392,418]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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