249 lines
30 KiB
XML
249 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FA2A518C3AB4171B32CC0DBF939CD43D">Skeletal anatomy of the extinct shark Paraorthacodus jurensis (Chondrichthyes; Palaeospinacidae), with comments on synechodontiform and palaeospinacid monophyly</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EB3E178E86045888A4ED0FB9219586E9">Klug, Stefanie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="101DAF96014F8041D87DAE76A43E6DCC">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="FE38A260FFAAE535FCA9A366A91EEBDE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492209" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185447488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492209" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE38A260FFAAE535FCA9A366A91EEBDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE38A260FFAAE535FCA9A366A91EEBDE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<heading id="2D66A41AFFAAE532FCA9A366AE80EC8E" box="[854,1413,367,389]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCA9A366AE80EC8E" authority="(SCHWEIZER, 1964)" baseAuthorityName="Schweizer" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[854,1413,367,389]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCA9A366AF9AEC88" box="[854,1183,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">PARAORTHACODUS JURENSIS</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FB4EA379AE78EC8E" author="Schweizer R" box="[1201,1405,367,389]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="58 - 110" refId="ref18354" refString="Schweizer R. 1964. Elasmobranchier und Holocephalen aus den Nusplinger Plattenkalken. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 123: 58 - 110." type="journal article" year="1964">SCHWEIZER, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="3E8B40FDFFAAE532FCC5A380AE57EF4E" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A380AF24ECA0" authorityName="Schweizer" authorityYear="1964" box="[826,1057,406,427]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Synechodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A380AF24ECA0" box="[826,1057,406,427]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Synechodus jurensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="F7303567FFAAE532FBD0A380AE17ECA7" author="Schweizer R" box="[1071,1298,406,428]" page="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FBD0A380AE17ECA7" author="Schweizer R" box="[1071,1298,406,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="58 - 110" refId="ref18354" refString="Schweizer R. 1964. Elasmobranchier und Holocephalen aus den Nusplinger Plattenkalken. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 123: 58 - 110." type="journal article" year="1964">Schweizer, 1964: 63</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 7 figs 1– 9, pl. 8 figs 5–6.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A3C5AE4BECE2" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" box="[826,1358,467,489]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="56813458FFAAE532FCC5A3C5AE4BECE2" box="[826,1358,467,489]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A3C5AF21ECE2" authorityName="Schweizer" authorityYear="1964" box="[826,1060,467,489]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Synechodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A3C5AF21ECE2" box="[826,1060,467,489]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Synechodus jurensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="F7303567FFAAE532FBCBA3C5AFDDECE3" author="Reif W-E" box="[1076,1240,467,489]" page="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FBCBA3C5AFDDECE3" author="Reif W-E" box="[1076,1240,467,489]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref17985" refString="Reif W-E. 1973 a. Ontogenese des Hautskelettes von Heterodontus falcifer (Selachii) aus dem Untertithon. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie B 7: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="1973">Reif, 1973a: 9</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 7e–k.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A3E4AE66EF0C" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" box="[826,1379,498,520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A3E4AF21EF0C" authorityName="Schweizer" authorityYear="1964" box="[826,1060,498,519]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Synechodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A3E4AF21EF0C" box="[826,1060,498,519]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Synechodus jurensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FBCBA3E4AE0FEF0C" author="Reif W-E & Goto M" box="[1076,1290,498,520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="201 - 207" refId="ref18123" refString="Reif W-E, Goto M. 1979. Placoid scales from the Permian of Japan. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte 1979: 201 - 207." type="journal article" year="1979">Reif & Goto, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2e.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A006AFF8EF2D" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" box="[826,1277,528,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="56813458FFAAE532FCC5A006AFF8EF2D" box="[826,1277,528,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A006AF21EF2D" authorityName="Schweizer" authorityYear="1964" box="[826,1060,528,550]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Synechodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A006AF21EF2D" box="[826,1060,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Synechodus jurensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="F7303567FFAAE532FBCBA006AFFCEF2D" author="Maisey JG" box="[1076,1273,528,550]" page="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FBCBA006AFFCEF2D" author="Maisey JG" box="[1076,1273,528,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref17672" refString="Maisey JG. 1985. Cranial morphology of the fossil elasmobranch Synechodus dubrisiensis. American Museum Novitates 2804: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1985">Maisey, 1985: 15</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A039AE57EF4E" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" box="[826,1362,559,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A039AF21EF4F" authorityName="Schweizer" authorityYear="1964" box="[826,1060,559,580]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Synechodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A039AF21EF4F" box="[826,1060,559,580]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Synechodus jurensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FBCBA039AFA8EF4E" author="Reif W-E" box="[1076,1197,559,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 255" refId="ref18103" refString="Reif W-E. 1985. Squamation and ecology of sharks. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 78: 1 - 255." type="journal article" year="1985">Reif, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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||
: text-fig. C(e).
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3E8B40FDFFAAE535FCC5A05BA91EEBDE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" type="description">
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<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A05BA8ABEF8A" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
|
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<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A05BAF57EF68" baseAuthorityName="Schweizer" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[826,1106,589,611]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A05BAF57EF68" box="[826,1106,589,611]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Paraorthacodus jurensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FB9DA05BAE04EF68" author="Duffin CJ" box="[1122,1281,589,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="157 - 174" refId="ref16297" refString="Duffin CJ. 1993 a. The palaeospinacid shark ' Synechodus' jurensis Schweizer, 1964 from the Late Jurassic of Germany. Professional Paper of the Belgian Geological Survey 264: 157 - 174." type="journal article" year="1993">Duffin, 1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: text-figs 2–4, pls 1–3.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A09DAE91EFAB" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" box="[826,1428,650,673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A09DAF72EFAB" baseAuthorityName="Schweizer" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[826,1143,651,673]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A09DA8EAEFAB" box="[826,1007,651,672]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Paraorthacodus</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FBE2A09DAF72EFAB" box="[1053,1143,651,672]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">jurensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FB78A09DAE49EFAA" author="Dietl G & Dietl O & Schweigert G & Hugger R & Russ B" box="[1159,1356,651,673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="5 - 23" refId="ref15954" refString="Dietl G, Dietl O, Schweigert G, Hugger R, Russ B. 2006. Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weisser Jura z) - Grabungskampagne 2005. Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft fur Naturkunde in Wurttemberg 162: 5 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">
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||
Dietl
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||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FB36A09DAE04EFAB" box="[1225,1281,651,672]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, 2006
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A0BFAE75EFB4" blockId="3.[826,1441,406,703]" box="[826,1392,681,703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FCC5A0BFAF56EFB4" baseAuthorityName="Schweizer" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[826,1107,681,703]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
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||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A0BFAF56EFB4" box="[826,1107,681,703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Paraorthacodus jurensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FB9CA0BFAE2DEFB5" author="Dietl G & Dietl O & Schweigert G & Hugger R & Russ B" box="[1123,1320,681,703]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="29 - 46" refId="ref15996" refString="Dietl G, Dietl O, Schweigert G, Hugger R, Russ B. 2007. Der Nusplinger Plattenkalk (Weisser Jura z) - Grabungskampagne 2006. Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft fur Naturkunde in Wurttemberg 163: 29 - 46." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Dietl
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FB59A0BCAFDBEFB5" box="[1190,1246,681,703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE532FCC5A0FFAE75EE93" blockId="3.[826,1441,745,920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A0FFA8A1EFF5" box="[826,932,745,766]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A92AADD4FFAAE532FCC5A0FFA89BEFF5" box="[826,926,745,766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FB28A0FFAEA4EFF4" author="Schweizer R" box="[1239,1441,745,767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="58 - 110" refId="ref18354" refString="Schweizer R. 1964. Elasmobranchier und Holocephalen aus den Nusplinger Plattenkalken. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 123: 58 - 110." type="journal article" year="1964">Schweizer (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from the upper Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of the Nusplingen Lithographic Limestone of south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0E8653E6FFAAE532FCC5A153A8A1EE51" box="[826,932,837,858]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
, bed G (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FB72A153AE3BEE51" author="Aldinger H" box="[1165,1342,837,859]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="257 - 267" refId="ref14971" refString="Aldinger H. 1930. Uber die Entstehung der Kalkschiefer des oberen weissen Jura von Nusplingen in wurttemberg. Centralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie 1930: 257 - 267." type="journal article" year="1930">Aldinger, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FAACA153A884EE72" author="Duffin CJ" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="157 - 174" refId="ref16297" refString="Duffin CJ. 1993 a. The palaeospinacid shark ' Synechodus' jurensis Schweizer, 1964 from the Late Jurassic of Germany. Professional Paper of the Belgian Geological Survey 264: 157 - 174." type="journal article" year="1993">Duffin, 1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFAAE532FC70A172AF51EE71" author="Dietl G & Schweigert G & Franz M & Geyer M" box="[911,1108,868,890]" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref16106" refString="Dietl G, Schweigert G, Franz M, Geyer M. 1998. Profile des Nusplinger Plattenkalks (Oberjura, Schwabische Alb). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie B 265: 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Dietl
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FC2DA173AF0FEE72" box="[978,1034,868,890]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The specimen is housed in the GPIT under collection number GPIT 1210/1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFAAE535FCC5A1D5A9ABEED2" blockId="3.[826,1441,963,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[144,759,198,985]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FCC5A1D5AF08EED3" box="[826,1037,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Revised diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
A species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFAAE532FB57A1D5AE58EED3" authorityName="Glikman" authorityYear="1957" box="[1192,1373,963,984]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFAAE532FB57A1D5AE58EED3" box="[1192,1373,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Paraorthacodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
characterized by the combination of the following skeletal and dental characters (upper and lower teeth are not distinguishable in preserved specimens): pelvic girdle inserts at 42nd to 43rd vertebra; transition from monospondylous abdominal to diplospondylous precaudal vertebral column between centra 48 and 49; diplospondylous caudal fin skeleton starts at 80th centrum. Sexual dimorphism in tooth morphology present by a different number of lateral cusplets in all tooth positions: number of cusplets of gender 1 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="A92AADD4FFAAE532FA97A6E3A869E822" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) without brackets, of gender 2 (new specimen) with brackets; main cusp with high coronal profile in anterior and lateral teeth, with low coronal profile in posterior teeth; ornamentation of delicate nonbifurcating vertical ridges originating above crown/root junction in labial view, and above the prominent lingual neck lacking any ornamentation in lingual view. Single left and right small parasymphysial teeth with straight and slender main cusp flanked by two pairs of triangular cusplets diverging from main cusp, and U-shaped root in labial view. Anterior teeth with main cusp flanked by two(three) pairs of lateral cusplets; main cusp without distal inclination; parallel cutting-edges in the upper two-thirds of main cusp, lowest third expanding to the doubled width; cusplets inclined towards main cusp and staggered downwards laterally; ornamentation on lowest third of main cusp and lowest half of cusplets in labial view; in lingual view ornamentation on the lower half of the main cusp and lower two-thirds of cusplets; root lobes slightly curved anteriorly in basal view; in labial view root lobes curved downwards. Lateral teeth with main cusp flanked by three(four) pairs of lateral cusplets; distally inclined main cusp in anterior-most teeth; mesial cusplets slightly distally inclined; distal cusplets straight and only most lateral inclined mesially; crown base of anterolateral teeth slightly curved downwards, of posterolateral teeth horizontal in labial view; parallel cutting-edges in the upper twothirds of main cusp, lowest third expanding to the doubled width; expansion of ornamentation in labial and lingual view same as in anterior teeth; root lower than in anterior teeth; root lobes slightly curved downwards in anterolateral teeth in labial view; horizontal root base in other lateral positions; in basal view root lobes faintly curved labially with very deep and rectangular expansion. Posterior teeth with main cusp flanked by two(three) pairs of lateral cusplets, reduced to one(two) pairs to the commissure; main cusp slightly distally inclined; teeth decrease in width and height posteriorly; lateral cusplets almost reach same height as main cusp towards the commissure; ornamentation increases in height on labial face towards the commissure reaching apex in posteriormost teeth; lingual face ornamented throughout the crown; root with horizontally noncurved basis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFADE535FF6FA616A90FEB15" blockId="4.[144,759,1024,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FF6FA616AA0BE91E" box="[144,270,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFADE535FEE4A616A901E91D" author="Maisey JG & Naylor GJP & Ward DJ" box="[283,516,1024,1046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" pagination="17 - 56" refId="ref17781" refString="Maisey JG, Naylor GJP, Ward DJ. 2004. Mesozoic elasmobranchs, neoselachian phylogeny and the rise of modern elasmobranch diversity. In: Arratia G, Tintori A, eds. Mesozoic fishes 3 - systematics, paleoenvironments and biodiversity. Munich: Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 17 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2004">
|
||
Maisey
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FE86A617AAB4E91E" box="[377,433,1024,1046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned an incomplete skeleton of a Late Jurassic shark from the Solnhofen area, which is housed in the Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0E8653E6FFADE535FE67A64AAAD5E97A" box="[408,464,1116,1137]" name="Micronesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">FSM</collectingCountry>
|
||
P.4392) tentatively to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFADE535FF6FA66CAA40E984" authorityName="Glikman" authorityYear="1957" box="[144,325,1146,1167]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FF6FA66CAA40E984" box="[144,325,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Paraorthacodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately, this specimen, despite displaying a lot of morphological information, has no unpaired fins preserved. Based on dental structures, however, this specimen should be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFADE535FF51A6E3AA31E801" authorityName="Woodward" authorityYear="1888" box="[174,308,1269,1290]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Synechodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FF51A6E3AA31E801" box="[174,308,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Synechodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(S. Klug, unpubl. data). Consequently, the
|
||
<specimenCount id="6097D8FFFFADE535FF3CA702AA75E822" box="[195,368,1299,1321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFADE535FE5DA702A93DE822" baseAuthorityName="Schweizer" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[418,568,1300,1321]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FE5DA702A93DE822" box="[418,568,1300,1321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Par. jurensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and two small specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFADE535FEC6A724A91BE84C" box="[313,542,1330,1351]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FEC6A724AAEBE84C" box="[313,494,1330,1351]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Paraorthacodus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which might be juveniles to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFADE535FEE6A747AAA2E86D" baseAuthorityName="Schweizer" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[281,423,1361,1382]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jurensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FEE6A747AAA2E86D" box="[281,423,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Par. jurensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the Solnhofen quarries (compare
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12006E87FFADE535FEFFA779AAF6E88F" author="Kriwet J & Klug S" box="[256,499,1391,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref17300" refString="Kriwet J, Klug S. 2004. Late Jurassic selachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from southern Germany: re-evaluation on taxonomy and diversity. Zitteliana A 44: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="2004">Kriwet & Klug, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7; Klug & Kriwet, 2008: fig. 3a) are the only known skeletal remains of this genus that allow the identification of additional skeletal diagnostic characters in addition to dental features for comparison with and differentiation from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B19168F5FFADE535FEB1A41EA906EB16" authorityName="Glikman" authorityYear="1957" box="[334,515,1544,1565]" class="Chondrichthyes" family="Palaeospinacidae" genus="Paraorthacodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synechodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FEB1A41EA906EB16" box="[334,515,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Paraorthacodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="762E1376FFADE535FF6FA453A91EEBDE" blockId="4.[144,759,1605,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="44E5CF64FFADE535FF6FA453AA63EB50" box="[144,358,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Referred specimen:</emphasis>
|
||
A single specimen from the upper Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of the lithographic limestones of Nusplingen (south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0E8653E6FFADE535FD82A495A9EFEB92" box="[637,746,1667,1689]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
), bed L. The specimen is housed in the SMNS under collection number SMNS 88987/1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |