368 lines
50 KiB
XML
368 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="A1F0DB04E0E3FBFBA9A5FF5AB43A0241" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3602.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5259143" ID-ZooBank="10304FBF-3969-4EFA-83F1-BB8A5E2B37F3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629836269209" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="TAYLOR, M. L., CAIRNS, S. D., AGNEW, D. J. & ROGERS, A. D." docDate="2013" docId="EE36E867FFA5FFCFFF0AAC65FB5F0C71" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03602p105.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3602 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3602.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Thouarella affinis Wright and Studer 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="120F901FFF85FFEBFF9DAB72FFEA0E66" masterDocTitle="<strong> A revision of the genus <em> Thouarella </ em> Gray, 1870 (Octocorallia: Primnoidae), including an illustrated dichotomous key, a new species description, and comments on <em> Plumarella </ em> Gray, 1870 and <em> Dasystenella </ em>, Versluys, 1906 </ strong>" masterLastPageNumber="105" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1699119148921" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="3F9CA8EF9E6E6405B5B02DA58BD82F5C"><strong> A revision of the genus <em> Thouarella </ em> Gray, 1870 (Octocorallia: Primnoidae), including an illustrated dichotomous key, a new species description, and comments on <em> Plumarella </ em> Gray, 1870 and <em> Dasystenella </ em>, Versluys, 1906 </ strong></mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="77021EC5F37ED3B577E143239E5B1D57">TAYLOR, M. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8C67F17F6D777C720F8E98C3D9C174B0">CAIRNS, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DEFE2319B630B544C1629816B86A1D71">AGNEW, D. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1610014461283DD9813BD9A5EB0B1A89">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E8AB8C56C3F0EF349D508A41FCF6D6DF">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F2BA06CD58CBDFA6F057EBE578CBE60E">3602</mods:number>
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<heading id="3D68EE1DFFA5FFCBFF0AAC65FD200957" bold="true" box="[151,714,1815,1841]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA5FFCBFF0AAC65FD200957" bold="true" box="[151,714,1815,1841]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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4.
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<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA5FFCBFF29AC65FD200957" ID-CoL="56L4K" authority="Wright and Studer, 1889" authorityName="Wright and Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[180,714,1815,1841]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA5FFCBFF29AC65FE7B0957" bold="true" box="[180,401,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thouarella affinis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA5FFCBFE0AAC65FD200957" author="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T." box="[407,714,1815,1841]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref65269" refString="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76, Zoology, 31 (64), 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright and Studer, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="66205971FFA5FFCBFF0AAC48FEF90934" blockId="32.[151,714,1815,1874]" box="[151,275,1850,1874]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA5FFCBFF0AAC48FF060934" box="[151,236,1850,1874]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1967,1990]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,179,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-47@33.[197,1389,162,1946]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 10. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a) 13 cm long colony, with polychaete along stem; b) lateral polyp view; c) close up of polyps; d) stereo opercular view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259167/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA5FFCBFF65AC48FEF90934" box="[248,275,1850,1874]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">11</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="E73E7F60FFA5FFCBFF0AACF0FD7E09FE" author="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T." box="[151,660,1922,1944]" page="68" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1889">
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<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA5FFCBFF0AACF0FD7E09FE" ID-CoL="56L4K" authority="Wright & Studer, 1889: 66 - 68" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityPageNumber="66 - 68" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,660,1922,1944]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA5FFCBFF0AACF0FEA709FE" box="[151,333,1922,1944]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thouarella affinis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA5FFCBFECBACF0FD7E09FE" author="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T." box="[342,660,1922,1944]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref65269" refString="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76, Zoology, 31 (64), 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright & Studer, 1889: 66–68</bibRefCitation>
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, pl.11, fig. 3;
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<treatmentCitation id="E73E7F60FFA5FFCBFCBAACF0FB9109FE" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[807,1147,1922,1944]" page="38" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1906">
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<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA5FFCBFCBAACF0FB9109FE" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[807,1147,1922,1944]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref64798" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1906) An Account of the Alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. Part 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 1 - 132." type="book chapter" year="1906">Thomson & Henderson 1906: 38</bibRefCitation>
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(list);
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<treatmentCitation id="E73E7F60FFA5FFCBFB5EACF0FA7609FE" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1219,1436,1922,1944]" page="302" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA5FFCBFB5EACF0FA7609FE" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[1219,1436,1922,1944]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="289 - 349" refId="ref63343" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1912) Die Alcyonaria der Deutschen Sudpolar, Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar Expedition 1901 - 1903, Zoologie, 5 (3), 289 - 349." type="journal article" year="1912">Kükenthal 1912: 302</bibRefCitation>
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(listed)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="66205971FFA5FFCBFF0AACCDFBB109B3" blockId="32.[151,1436,1922,2036]" box="[151,1115,1983,2005]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="468F7E5FFFA5FFCBFF0AACCDFBB109B3" box="[151,1115,1983,2005]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation id="E73E7F60FFA5FFCBFF0AACCDFD2109B3" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[151,715,1983,2005]" page="151" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1915">
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<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA5FFCBFF0AACCDFD2109B3" ID-CoL="56L4K" authority="Kukenthal 1915: 151" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,715,1983,2005]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis" subGenus="Epithouarella">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA5FFCBFF0AACCDFE0509B3" box="[151,495,1983,2005]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thouarella (Epithouarella) affinis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA5FFCBFE68ACCDFD2109B3" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[501,715,1983,2005]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="142 - 158" refId="ref63379" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1915) System und Stammesgeschichte der Primnoidae. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 46 (5), 142 - 158." type="journal article" year="1915">Kükenthal 1915: 151</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(key); 1919: 435–436; 1924: 300 (key)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="66205971FFA5FFCBFF0AACACFCCC0992" blockId="32.[151,1436,1922,2036]" box="[151,806,2014,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="468F7E5FFFA5FFCBFF0AACACFCCC0992" box="[151,806,2014,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation id="E73E7F60FFA5FFCBFF0AACACFD3D0992" author="Cairns, S. D. & Bayer, F. M." box="[151,727,2014,2036]" page="27" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2009">
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<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA5FFCBFF0AACACFD3D0992" ID-CoL="56L4K" authority="Cairns & Bayer 2009: 27" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,727,2014,2036]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis" subGenus="Thouarella">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA5FFCBFF0AACACFE390992" box="[151,467,2014,2036]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thouarella (Thouarella) affinis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA5FFCBFE44ACACFD3D0992" author="Cairns, S. D. & Bayer, F. M." box="[473,727,2014,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref62273" refString="Cairns, S. D. & Bayer, F. M. (2009) A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Primnoidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 629, 1 - 79. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.629" type="journal article" year="2009">Cairns & Bayer 2009: 27</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(listed)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="32E009F9FFA4FFCAFF0AACDDFD1B0982" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5259167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259167/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,250,1967,1990]" targetBox="[197,1389,179,1946]" targetPageId="33">
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<paragraph id="66205971FFA4FFCAFF0AACDDFD1B0982" blockId="33.[151,1435,1967,2020]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA4FFCAFF0AACDDFECB09A0" bold="true" box="[151,289,1967,1990]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA4FFCAFEB4ACDDFE3509A3" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[297,479,1967,1989]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA4FFCAFEB4ACDDFE3509A3" box="[297,479,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Thouarella affinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a) 13 cm long colony, with polychaete along stem; b) lateral polyp view; c) close up of polyps; d) stereo opercular view.
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</paragraph>
|
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</caption>
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<caption id="32E009F9FFA7FFC9FF0AACEAFCEF0994" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" targetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" targetPageId="34">
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<paragraph id="66205971FFA7FFC9FF0AACEAFCEF0994" blockId="34.[151,1436,1944,2034]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA7FFC9FF0AACEAFECB09C9" bold="true" box="[151,289,1944,1967]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA7FFC9FEB7ACEAFE0209C8" box="[298,488,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA7FFC9FEB7ACEAFE0E09C8" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[298,484,1944,1966]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">Thouarella affinis</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
</emphasis>
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||
holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
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<subSubSection id="2E850AFAFFA6FFCFFF0AABEAFB5F0C71" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AABEAFBBB0EB2" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FF0AABEAFE9C0ED6" box="[151,374,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D6F7532CFFA6FFC8FE0CABEAFBBB0EB2" collectingDate="1874-07-15" collectionCode="NHM" collectorName="H. M. S. Challenger" country="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" elevation="110" location="Inaccessible Island" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FE0CABEAFE140ED6" bold="true" box="[401,510,152,176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<typeStatus id="B924E7D3FFA6FFC8FE0CABEAFE140ED6" box="[401,510,152,176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="008EC1B4FFA6FFC8FD8AABE5FDB30EC9" box="[535,601,151,175]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">NHM</collectionCode>
|
||
1889.5.27.44,
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FC98ABE5FCB50EC9" box="[773,863,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
|
||
fragment,
|
||
<collectorName id="CB6A3CA7FFA6FFC8FC6CABE5FB380ED6" box="[1009,1234,151,176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
H.M.S.
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FBC8ABEAFB380ED6" box="[1109,1234,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Challenger</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, sta. 135D, off
|
||
<location id="63400FAAFFA6FFC8FF0AABCEFE840EB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE36E867FFA5FFCFFF0AAC65FB5F0C71:63400FAAFFA6FFC8FF0AABCEFE840EB2" box="[151,366,188,212]" country="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" name="Inaccessible Island" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Inaccessible Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8819E1FFA6FFC8FEE4ABCEFE2D0EB2" box="[377,455,188,212]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tristan</collectingCountry>
|
||
de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8819E1FFA6FFC8FE6DABCEFDD60EB2" box="[496,572,188,212]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 37˚25’S, 12˚22’30”W,
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FCD5ABCEFC510EB5" box="[840,955,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.095" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.9099999999999999" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="109.5" valueMax="128.0" valueMin="91.0">
|
||
<elevation id="EDB2BE42FFA6FFC8FCD5ABCEFC510EB5" box="[840,955,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.095" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.9099999999999999" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="109.5" valueMax="128.0" valueMin="91.0">91–128 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="12217FB1FFA6FFC8FC5AABCEFBA60EB2" box="[967,1100,188,212]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1874-07-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="02658659FFA6FFC8FC5AABCEFBA60EB2" box="[967,1100,188,212]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1874-07-15">15 Jul 1874</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AABADFD860F7A" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FF5AABADFE6E0E9E" bold="true" box="[199,388,223,248]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Other material:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D6F7532CFFA6FFC8FE11AB92FDCA0F7D" collectionCode="ZMH" collectorName="V W. Herwig & SW Atlantic" country="Argentina" elevation="800" location="Tierra del Fuego" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tierra del Fuego - Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur">
|
||
<collectionCode id="008EC1B4FFA6FFC8FE11AB92FE200E91" box="[396,458,224,247]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
, R/
|
||
<collectorName id="CB6A3CA7FFA6FFC8FE6EABADFD6F0E91" box="[499,645,223,248]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
V
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FD93AB93FD6F0E91" box="[526,645,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W. Herwig</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, sta. 232, east of Isla de los Estados,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A45B9793FFA6FFC8FBB6ABADFB020E9E" box="[1067,1256,223,248]" country="Argentina" name="Tierra del Fuego - Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tierra del Fuego</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8819E1FFA6FFC8FB69ABADFA8D0E91" box="[1268,1383,223,247]" name="Argentina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="CB6A3CA7FFA6FFC8FAEFABADFF1E0F7A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">SW Atlantic</collectorName>
|
||
, 54˚46’S, 62˚30’W,
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FE45AA76FDCA0F7D" box="[472,544,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="EDB2BE42FFA6FFC8FE45AA76FDCA0F7D" box="[472,544,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, 1971.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AAA3FFEF10F02" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" box="[151,283,333,356]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FF0AAA3FFEF10F02" box="[151,283,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AAA1DFEF10FCA" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
As only a small fragment was available, descriptions of axis and colony morphology were taken from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B924E7D3FFA6FFC8FAF1AA02FA760FEE" box="[1388,1436,368,392]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
|
||
description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AAAC5FE7D0C71" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The colony is bottlebrush, (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FE66AAC5FDB20FA9" box="[507,600,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1967,1990]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,179,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-47@33.[197,1389,162,1946]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 10. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a) 13 cm long colony, with polychaete along stem; b) lateral polyp view; c) close up of polyps; d) stereo opercular view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259167/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 10a</figureCitation>
|
||
) but can appear bilateral. The axis is yellow, stiff, and brittle, although the branch apex is more flexible. The stem twists in a spiral from base to a quarter-length from the apex whereupon the next twist commences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AA956FAC80CC1" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The branching of this species is dense, with only
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FD6EA956FC8E0C5D" box="[755,868,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
between branchlets; becoming denser towards the apex. The branchlets are mostly simple, with some forking (dividing usually in basal region of branchlet), upwardly inclined 60–90˚, and up to
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FDA6A91EFD610CE5" box="[571,651,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. The branchlets are arranged in spirals from 3 sides of the main stem with 4 branchlets occurring within one spiral, but as the stem twists the spiral is difficult to follow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AA9C6FD990D3A" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The polyps are isolated,
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FE45A9C6FDB70CAD" box="[472,605,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.1">1.1–2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, at a density of 7–9 per cm (with denser placement at branchlet apex, which generally has a polyp at the tip). The polyps can be modestly flared but generally have a wide, rounded head extending from a slender polyp body making them clavate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FCA3A98EFC3C0D75" box="[830,982,764,788]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1967,1990]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,179,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-47@33.[197,1389,162,1946]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 10. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a) 13 cm long colony, with polychaete along stem; b) lateral polyp view; c) close up of polyps; d) stereo opercular view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259167/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 10b,c; H</figureCitation>
|
||
:W of 1.3–2.1, average 1.7). The polyps are arranged in short spirals of 3–4 and angled distally at 45–60˚. Each polyp has 8 longitudinal rows with 6–7 scales in each abaxial row and 5 adaxially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AA815FC740A52" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The tall rounded operculum rises above the marginal scales. The operculars are isosceles-triangle shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FAF3A815FF3F0DC2" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11a,b</figureCitation>
|
||
), tongue-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FE03A8FEFDFF0DC2" box="[414,533,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11c–f</figureCitation>
|
||
), or lanceolate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FD57A8FEFCC00DC2" box="[714,810,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FD62A8FEFCC00DC2" box="[767,810,908,932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="g" value="11.0">11g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), 540–780 µm high (average 610 µm) and 220–350 µm wide (average 280 µm), with an average H:W of 2.2 (range from 1.8–2.5). The outer scale surface is longitudinally concave with granules across the proximal area and occasional low striations spreading radially from centre towards distal edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FE1FA885FE170A69" box="[386,509,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11d–f</figureCitation>
|
||
). The inner surface has a low, complex multi-keel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FBDBA885FB500A69" box="[1094,1210,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11a,b</figureCitation>
|
||
), or a dense area of low striations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FEA3AF6EFE760A52" box="[318,412,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11c</figureCitation>
|
||
); the proximal half of the scale is tuberculate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AAF4DFE510B6A" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The marginals are somewhat diamond-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FD40AF4DFCBF0A31" box="[733,853,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11h–j</figureCitation>
|
||
), 460–610 µm high (average 525 µm) and 460–640 µm wide, with an average H:W of 1 (ranges from 0.8–1.3). The inner surface has a smooth band along the distal edge which is broken by a small, simple keel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FD24AFF5FCF00AF9" box="[697,794,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11h</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 or 3 adjacent striations whilst the remainder is tuberculate. The adaxial marginals frequently have no defined keel with just 4 or 5 short, sharp striations perpendicular to the distal edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FD94AFBDFD8E0A81" box="[521,612,1231,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11i</figureCitation>
|
||
). The outer surface is mostly smooth with some granules that often form radial striations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FEC9AF86FE440B6A" box="[340,430,1268,1292]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11j</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AAE65FA620BD9" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The body-wall scales occur in a range of shapes from circular and irregular to elliptical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FB35AE65FACC0B49" box="[1192,1318,1303,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11k–q</figureCitation>
|
||
). They are generally broader than high, 350–490 µm high (average 430 µm), 380–780 µm wide (average 540 µm), with an average H:W of 0.8 (ranges from 0.6–1.1), and curved slightly away from the polyp body. Tubercles cover the inner scale surface. Granules occur sparsely on the outer surface and sometimes tubercles occur along the proximal edge. The distal edge of all sclerites of this species is finely serrate whilst the proximal edge is irregularly lobate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF5AAEBEFEDA0829" blockId="35.[151,1437,333,1615]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
There is a single layer of roughly circular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FD37AEBEFD1D0B82" box="[682,759,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
r-u) or sometimes elongated coenenchymal scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA445F4FFA6FFC8FAA4AEBEFF470861" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,177,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-67@34.[209,1380,157,1926]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Thouarella affinis, holotype, NHM 1889.5.27.44: a–c,g) inner and d–f) outer surface of opercular scales; h,i) inner and j) outer surface of marginal scales; k–n) outer and o–q) inner surface of body-wall scales; r,w) outer and s–v) inner surface of coenenchymal scales. Some SEM images by ZGR." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5259169/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 11v, w</figureCitation>
|
||
) that are 190–280 µm high (average 225 µm), 230–430 µm wide (average 300 µm), with an average H:W of 0.8 (range from 0.4–1.1). There are large prominent granules on the outer surface of the scales and fine tubercles on the inner surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AADF2FECA08FE" blockId="35.[151,1436,1664,1759]" box="[151,288,1664,1688]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FF0AADF2FECA08FE" box="[151,288,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AADD6FCFF08B9" blockId="35.[151,1436,1664,1759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D6F7532CFFA6FFC8FF0AADD6FCFF08B9" country="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" elevation="446" location="Inacessible Island" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1">
|
||
This species is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B924E7D3FFA6FFC8FDCAADD6FD6D08DA" box="[599,647,1700,1724]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
|
||
location
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8819E1FFA6FFC8FD67ADD6FCA208DA" box="[762,840,1700,1724]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tristan</collectingCountry>
|
||
de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8819E1FFA6FFC8FCE6ADD6FC2D08DA" box="[891,967,1700,1724]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and also
|
||
<location id="63400FAAFFA6FFC8FBD8ADD6FAFF08DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE36E867FFA5FFCFFF0AAC65FB5F0C71:63400FAAFFA6FFC8FBD8ADD6FAFF08DA" box="[1093,1301,1700,1724]" country="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" name="Inacessible Island" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Inacessible Island</location>
|
||
, mid-South Atlantic. The depth of observed occurrence is
|
||
<quantity id="A167F494FFA6FFC8FD01ADB5FCFB08B9" box="[668,785,1735,1759]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.455" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.9099999999999999" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="445.5" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="91.0">
|
||
<elevation id="EDB2BE42FFA6FFC8FD01ADB5FCFB08B9" box="[668,785,1735,1759]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.455" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="0.9099999999999999" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="445.5" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="91.0">91–800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AAC62FF13094E" blockId="35.[151,1303,1808,1868]" box="[151,249,1808,1832]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FF0AAC62FF13094E" box="[151,249,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AAC46FAFD092A" blockId="35.[151,1303,1808,1868]" box="[151,1303,1844,1868]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B924E7D3FFA6FFC8FF54AC46FEC1092A" box="[201,299,1844,1868]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined is damaged so the number of polyps per cm may be an underestimate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFC8FF0AAC0EFEC609F2" blockId="35.[151,1436,1916,2012]" box="[151,300,1916,1940]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FF0AAC0EFEC609F2" box="[151,300,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Comparisons</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA6FFCFFF0AACD2FE4C0EB2" blockId="35.[151,1436,1916,2012]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1436,151,535]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="020E2480FFA6FFC8FF0AACD2FE5F09DE" author="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T." box="[151,437,1952,1976]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref65269" refString="Wright, E. P. & Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76, Zoology, 31 (64), 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright and Studer (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA6FFC8FDA1ACD3FD7709DE" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[572,669,1952,1976]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FDA1ACD3FD7709DE" box="[572,669,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">T. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA6FFC8FC11ACD3FBF309DE" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[908,1049,1953,1976]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FC11ACD3FBF309DE" box="[908,1049,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">T. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the polyps of these species do have a similar number of scales in the abaxial rows (6–7
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FCB0ACB7FC7D09BA" box="[813,919,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA6FFC8FCB0ACB7FC7909BA" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[813,915,1988,2012]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">T. affinis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
5–7
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA6FFC8FC49ACB7FB8909BA" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[980,1123,1989,2012]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA6FFC8FC49ACB7FB8909BA" box="[980,1123,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">T. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However, the latter has a more complexly structured marginal keel with large lateral projections compared to the modest keel found on marginals of the former.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA1FFCFFF5AABADFD090FE1" blockId="36.[151,1436,151,535]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFEF1AB93FE3A0E9E" authorityName="Zapata-Guardiola and Lopez-Gonzalez" authorityYear="2010" box="[364,464,224,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFEF1AB93FE3A0E9E" box="[364,464,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are a similar shape and size to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFCABAB93FC730E9E" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[822,921,224,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFCABAB93FC730E9E" box="[822,921,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and they also have similar shaped marginals, although those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFEFCAA77FE2E0F7A" authorityName="Zapata-Guardiola and Lopez-Gonzalez" authorityYear="2010" box="[353,452,260,284]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFEFCAA77FE2E0F7A" box="[353,452,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are slightly taller. However, the operculars of the polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFBFAAA77FB210F7A" authorityName="Zapata-Guardiola and Lopez-Gonzalez" authorityYear="2010" box="[1127,1227,260,284]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFBFAAA77FB210F7A" box="[1127,1227,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are pointed, while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFF6BAA5BFEBD0F26" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[246,343,296,320]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFF6BAA5BFEBD0F26" box="[246,343,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are mostly tongue-shaped (with some triangular-shaped operculars with squared proximal edges). In addition, the body-wall scales of the former have more pronounced striations perpendicular to the distal edge (that are visible in lateral polyp view) than the latter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA1FFCFFF5AAAE6FBC50FA9" blockId="36.[151,1436,151,535]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
The polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFEEFAAE7FE3C0FCA" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[370,470,404,428]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFEEFAAE7FE3C0FCA" box="[370,470,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more rounded than those of
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFCC8AAE7FC290FCA" box="[853,963,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFCC8AAE7FC550FCA" authorityName="Thomson and Ritchie" authorityYear="1906" box="[853,959,404,428]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brucei">T. brucei</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The polyps of the latter also have fewer scales in the abaxial row and marginals that are narrower with a higher H:W ratio.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66205971FFA1FFCFFF5AAAAEFB5F0C71" blockId="36.[151,1436,151,535]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Polyps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFEA7AAAFFE2A0F92" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[314,448,476,500]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="koellikeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFEA7AAAFFE2A0F92" box="[314,448,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. koellikeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tend to be longer than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19F22F2FFA1FFCFFCB5AAAFFC600F92" authorityName="Cairns & Bayer" authorityYear="2009" box="[808,906,476,500]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54EB8563FFA1FFCFFCB5AAAFFC600F92" box="[808,906,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">T. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with more scales in the abaxial row. Also, the former has pointed triangular operculars whereas those of the latter are mostly tongue-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |