153 lines
19 KiB
XML
153 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="85D6172355315F3C364B24A2BF89FFC1" ID-DOI="10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23100" ID-ISSN="1984-4689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13176746" ID-ZooBank="17D6AEAA-7851-4B4D-9FDB-19E7AB689" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722591375759" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Costa, Daniel N. R., Mathis, Wayne N., Marinoni, Luciane & Sepúlveda, Tatiana A." docDate="2024" docId="E557206EB205FFA2FF66FCD2FB65FB9B" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoologia.41.e23100.pdf" docOrigin="Zoologia (e 23100) 41" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v41.e23100" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C0DEAC3FDCE12EEF877F5538032D0DC0.6:Zoologia.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="C0DEAC3FDCE12EEF877F5538032D0DC0" docStyleName="Zoologia.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Scatella (Parascatella) Cresson 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="196E5816B211FFB6FF9EFFEBFFBBFFFB" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Scatellini (Diptera: Ephydridae: Ephydrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1722629769787" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="32781EC0002EE6F616E0E49327F4962F">Phylogeny and taxonomy of the shore-fly tribe Scatellini (Diptera: Ephydridae: Ephydrinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F7996BF2125A836C1A981441745E3445" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E7D6A1E1E1302306DB30D66CA47DBBEE">Costa, Daniel N. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="15C363AC39C51C6E6F02DCA1386BFAFF">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="61B2CE1808445ED2D795D0514B52313E" type="email">mathisw@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="00D038E3E3607D2F95A1487DEA0CB044">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74BA0754567CC8A94DFF4F42ED271100">Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution. PO Box 37012, MRC 169, 20013 - 7012 Washington, DC, USA. (mathisw @ si. edu)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4BBCC70A42005BF96742FA8F3099F03B">Marinoni, Luciane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF97E9427B5DC3D33CC99CCF73377A89">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F9D50FDDF0D9642E665CA92F98D0D727" type="email">tsepulveda@fieldmuseum</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F8220E39A95521D13261C024A033BFE5">Sepúlveda, Tatiana A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0EE6DB018F7B66A2BB8032A87483355">Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA. (tsepulveda @ fieldmuseum. org)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5E9FFDA7EA4B5076BCE37E9F13A21A69">Zoologia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="02842B56668740E350C2227D8DEBAA15">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="5D441C00967F367F04185B325152A1EA">e 23100</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="BE8BACCB263CCEC82A1460BF8178759F">41</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="284C13CBCB42B4C5EB04645F7EBE76CF" type="ISSN">1984-4689</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="25E4C2F3B205FFA2FF66FCD2FD0AFCA9" box="[248,689,825,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FF66FCD2FD0AFCA9" blockId="20.[248,689,825,850]" box="[248,689,825,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<heading id="36092614B205FFA2FF66FCD2FD0AFCA9" box="[248,689,825,850]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="AAFEEAFBB205FFA2FF66FCD2FD0AFCA9" ID-CoL="89SWX" authority="Cresson, 1935" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1935" box="[248,689,825,850]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Parascatella">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FF66FCD2FEEEFCA9" box="[248,341,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scatella</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FEC2FCD2FEDDFCA9" bold="true" box="[348,358,825,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">(</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FEF8FCD2FE4CFCA9" box="[358,503,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Parascatella</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FE69FCD2FD0AFCA9" bold="true" box="[503,689,825,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="096FEC89B205FFA2FD96FCD2FD0AFCA9" author="Cresson ET Jr" box="[520,689,825,850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="345 - 372" refId="ref20537" refString="Cresson ET Jr (1935) Descriptions of genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 61: 345 - 372." type="journal article" year="1935">Cresson, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="25E4C2F3B205FFA2FE00FC83FB65FB9B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FE00FC83FDB0FC85" blockId="20.[414,523,872,894]" box="[414,523,872,894]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<figureCitation id="F5C58DFDB205FFA2FE00FC83FDB0FC85" box="[414,523,872,894]" captionStart="Figures 10–23" captionStartId="11.[151,230,1605,1627]" captionTargetBox="[313,1278,201,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-107@11.[300,1280,197,1588]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 10–23. Head, wing and legs characters: (10) Limnellia sp., head anterior; (11) Scatella (Scatella) sp., head anteri- or; (12) Scatella (Parascatella) sp., head anterior; (13) Hyadina sp., head lateral; (14) Scatella (Parascatella) pilifera, head anterior; (15) Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis, mouth parts; (16) Philotelma sp., head lateral; (17) Physemops nemorosus, head anterior; (18)Ephydra riparia, mouth parts; (19) Scatophila caviceps, wing; (20) Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis, wing; 21, Dagus rostratus, wing; (22) Scatophila mesogramma, male, mid femur posteroventral; (23) Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis, male, fore femur anteroventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176756/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FE00FC83FDB0FC85" bold="true" box="[414,523,872,894]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 12, 14</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FF01FC79FDEBFC09" blockId="20.[159,779,914,1010]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FF01FC79FEB5FC5E" box="[159,270,914,933]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Parascatella</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FE8BFC79FF5CFC44" bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<bibRefCitation id="096FEC89B205FFA2FE8BFC79FE79FC5E" author="Cresson ET Jr" box="[277,450,914,933]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="345 - 372" refId="ref20537" refString="Cresson ET Jr (1935) Descriptions of genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 61: 345 - 372." type="journal article" year="1935">Cresson 1935: 357</bibRefCitation>
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(as a genus; feminine).
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<typeStatus id="B2452FDAB205FFA2FD31FC79FD67FC5E" box="[687,732,914,933]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="AAFEEAFBB205FFA2FF72FC47FDBBFC44" authority="Cresson 1931" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1931" box="[236,512,940,959]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilifera">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FF72FC47FEC1FC44" box="[236,378,940,959]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scatella pilifera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="096FEC89B205FFA2FE1FFC47FDBBFC44" author="Cresson ET Jr" box="[385,512,940,959]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="104 - 108" refId="ref20505" refString="Cresson ET Jr (1931) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper IX. Entomological News 42 (4): 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="1931">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FE1FFC47FDBBFC44" bold="true" box="[385,512,940,959]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cresson 1931</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FE61FC47FDEBFC09" bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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, original designation. –
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<bibRefCitation id="096FEC89B205FFA2FD40FC47FE58FC23" author="Sturtevant AH & Wheeler MR" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref22813" refString="Sturtevant AH, Wheeler MR (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 79: 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 178</bibRefCitation>
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[revised status]. –
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<bibRefCitation id="096FEC89B205FFA2FD02FC2EFE0EFC09" author="Mathis WN & Zatwarnicki T" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref22287" refString="Mathis WN, Zatwarnicki T (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International 4: 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 268–270</bibRefCitation>
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[world catalog].
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FF45FBEDFCB0FB39" blockId="20.[157,780,1030,1784]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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Diagnosis. Specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="AAFEEAFBB205FFA2FE6CFBEDFD65FBE0" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1935" box="[498,734,1030,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Parascatella">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FE6CFBEDFDFFFBE0" box="[498,580,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scatella</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FDC8FBEDFD6DFBE0" box="[598,726,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Parascatella</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="AAFEEAFBB205FFA2FEFDFBCCFE08FBC7" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[355,435,1063,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FEFDFBCCFE08FBC7" box="[355,435,1063,1084]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scatella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but may be distinguished by the following combination of characters: facial setae lateroventrally curved; proepisternum bearing macrosetae; postpronotum with 1–3 setae plus scattered setulae; postsutural supra-alar seta as long as postalar seta; wing spots evident.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FF45FB25FEE6FADD" blockId="20.[157,780,1030,1784]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description. Moderately small to moderately large shore flies, body length 2.50–4.90 mm; blackish brown to cinereous species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FF45FAD9FED5F988" blockId="20.[157,780,1030,1784]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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Head (
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<figureCitation id="F5C58DFDB205FFA2FEBAFAD9FE20FABC" box="[292,411,1330,1351]" captionStart="Figures 10–23" captionStartId="11.[151,230,1605,1627]" captionTargetBox="[313,1278,201,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-107@11.[300,1280,197,1588]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 10–23. Head, wing and legs characters: (10) Limnellia sp., head anterior; (11) Scatella (Scatella) sp., head anteri- or; (12) Scatella (Parascatella) sp., head anterior; (13) Hyadina sp., head lateral; (14) Scatella (Parascatella) pilifera, head anterior; (15) Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis, mouth parts; (16) Philotelma sp., head lateral; (17) Physemops nemorosus, head anterior; (18)Ephydra riparia, mouth parts; (19) Scatophila caviceps, wing; (20) Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis, wing; 21, Dagus rostratus, wing; (22) Scatophila mesogramma, male, mid femur posteroventral; (23) Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis, male, fore femur anteroventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176756" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176756/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 12, 14</figureCitation>
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): Frons dull usually with distinct, subshiny to shiny frontal vitta; lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta 2, rarely 3. Antenna short, dark; pedicel with strong seta ventrally; basal flagellomere brown; arista macropubescent to at most bearing short, dorsal, hairlike branches. Face conspicuously protruding, facial setae conspicuous, lateral facial setae ventrally curved, indistinctly from medial facial setae; small to long ventroclinate setae along oral margin. Eye usually nearly round. Gena short to moderately high, usually bearing a large seta.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FF45F994FBFEFE1C" blockId="20.[157,780,1030,1784]" lastBlockId="20.[814,1438,199,1120]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Thorax: Mesonotum microtomentose, density of tomentum varying, generally unicolorous or with longitudinal stripes; dorsocentral setae 3 (1+2, usually with several smaller setae between larger bristles); acrostichal setae in 2 rows extending to scutellum, equal in length; prescutellar acrostichal absent; postsutural supra-alar seta long, subequal in length to postalar seta; postpronotum with 1 long setae; scutellum with 2–3 setae, basal scutellar setae long or short; legs typical, usually without distinct setae (forefemur with a row of stout setae anteroventrally and posteroventrally in some species); color of tarsi variable; halter pale yellowish; Wing with faint white spots; costal vein bearing spinelike setae along costal margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FCF3FE18FB95FCE8" blockId="20.[814,1438,199,1120]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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Abdomen: Tergites gray to brown, microtomentose, sometimes with lighter posterior margins, or mostly shiny, generally lacking prominent macrosetae. Male terminalia: sternites 5 and 6 absent. Epandrium and internal structures typical of
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<taxonomicName id="AAFEEAFBB205FFA2FC0DFD92FC59FD75" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[915,994,633,654]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FC0DFD92FC59FD75" box="[915,994,633,654]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scatella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; ventral projections of epandrium separat- ed; ejaculatory apodeme present, crescent shaped, laterally flattened. Female terminalia: typical of
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<taxonomicName id="AAFEEAFBB205FFA2FB45FD50FA92FD2B" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[1243,1321,699,720]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FB45FD50FA92FD2B" box="[1243,1321,699,720]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Scatella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; sternite 7 as a rectangular sclerite; female ventral receptacle tubular shaped, as long as wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FCF3FCF4FCD0FCAD" blockId="20.[814,1438,199,1120]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution. Neotropical (especially Andean transition).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D419178B205FFA2FCF3FC89FB65FB9B" blockId="20.[814,1438,199,1120]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Remarks.
|
||
<emphasis id="5F8A4D6AB205FFA2FC46FC89FBEEFC8C" box="[984,1109,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Parascatella</emphasis>
|
||
was originally described as a genus and comprises 13 species from western South America. Nothing is known about the natural history of this subgenus except that adults are associated with aquatic or semiaquatic habitats. Some species exhibit sexual dimorphism in the maculation pattern of wings, and/or in the shape of tarsomeres.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="096FEC89B205FFA2FC31FBC1FB7EFBC4" author="Mathis WN & Shewell GE" box="[943,1221,1066,1087]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref22135" refString="Mathis WN, Shewell GE (1978) Studies of Ephydrinae (Diptera: Ephydridae), I: Revisions of Parascatella Cresson and the triseta Group of Scatella Robineau-Desvoidy. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 285: 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1978">Mathis and Shewell (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presented a revision and a cladistics analysis of the subgenus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |