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<document id="6CD2D815F96111734D9B3FD190007B18" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.209717" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8c92d98c-f9cc-495c-892d-36cb87c09ebf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="209717" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460501473840" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Akiyama, Tadashi" docDate="2012" docId="CE5887C69D10DF22E791F76CE649FD6E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03400p042.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3400" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Atlantocuma" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="3261FFBE9D03DF36E706F42EE534FFD4" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Atlantocuma (Crustacea: Cumacea), and a new genus and species from Japan, Northwest Pacific, with observations on the degeneration of mouthparts in ovigerous females" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="20" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698311883042" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="06CF2774321C1F16293A68A682D33CB5">Two new species of Atlantocuma (Crustacea: Cumacea), and a new genus and species from Japan, Northwest Pacific, with observations on the degeneration of mouthparts in ovigerous females</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E599DFE02743C22F95D27D4A2DA1C0F8">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="CE5887C69D10DF22E791F76CE649FD6E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6166760" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119521407" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6166760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE5887C69D10DF22E791F76CE649FD6E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE5887C69D10DF22E791F76CE649FD6E" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="0EEB655B9D10DF25E791F76CE668FC88" box="[151,860,834,860]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="464E36D09D10DF25E791F76CE668FC88" blockId="19.[151,860,834,860]" box="[151,860,834,860]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="1D0681BC9D10DF25E791F76CE668FC88" bold="true" box="[151,860,834,860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E791F76CE668FC88" bold="true" box="[151,860,834,860]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">
Relationship between
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E6ACF76CE772FC88" ID-CoL="7NQ37" box="[426,582,834,860]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E6ACF76CE772FC88" bold="true" box="[426,582,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E582F76CE668FC88" box="[644,860,834,860]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E582F76CE668FC88" bold="true" box="[644,860,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EEB655B9D10DF22E791F7A4E649FD6E" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="464E36D09D10DF25E791F7A4E646F9C8" blockId="19.[151,1436,905,2012]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">
Two genera described in the present study are currently placed in the family
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E4E9F7A7E1A1FC75" box="[1007,1173,905,929]" class="Malacostraca" family="Nannastacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nannastacidae</taxonomicName>
, based on the combination of characters (1) no pleopods in both sexes, and (2) uropod endopod uni-articulate, that are shared by all nannastacid genera and by no bodotriid genera, although some doubt on these criteria remains (see below). The new genus
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E7E6F7D7E49DFBC5" box="[224,425,1017,1041]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E7E6F7D7E49DFBC5" box="[224,425,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is similar to
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E592F7D4E63AFBC5" box="[660,782,1018,1041]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Picrocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E592F7D4E63AFBC5" box="[660,782,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Picrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is also rather similar to
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E32DF7D7E18EFBC5" box="[1067,1210,1017,1041]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E32DF7D7E18EFBC5" box="[1067,1210,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except for (1) well developed exopods present on maxilliped 3 and pereopods
<quantity id="81099B359D10DF25E435F030E64FFBE2" box="[819,891,1054,1078]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 in</quantity>
males and females (maxilliped 3 and pereopods
<quantity id="81099B359D10DF25E791F06AE5EBFB88" box="[151,223,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 in</quantity>
males, on maxilliped 3 and pereopod
<quantity id="81099B359D10DF25E59EF06AE7F0FB88" box="[664,708,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
female in
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E447F06AE6E4FB88" box="[833,976,1092,1116]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E447F06AE6E4FB88" box="[833,976,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (2) uropod peduncle shorter than rami (much longer in
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E656F047E4EBFB55" box="[336,479,1129,1153]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E656F047E4EBFB55" box="[336,479,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, arrangement of setae is similar to each other), and (3) male antenna 2 clasping form, peduncle distal 2 articles fused (flagellum normal form, distal 2 articles of peduncle fused in
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E3A0F0A0E001FB72" box="[1190,1333,1166,1190]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E3A0F0A0E001FB72" box="[1190,1333,1166,1190]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (4) ocular lobe large (normal size in
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E6D9F09AE75AFB18" box="[479,622,1204,1228]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E6D9F09AE75AFB18" box="[479,622,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In addition, ovigerous females of these 2 genera were characterized by a similar trend in degeneration of mouthparts and associated morphological change (1) complete decalcification of mandibles, (2) diminishing or loss of setae on mandibles, maxilla 1, maxilla 2, inner margin of maxillipeds 1 and 2 (terminal seta on dactylus of maxilliped 2 and 3 also reduced in
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E47EF10BE13FFAE8" box="[888,1035,1317,1340]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicum">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E47EF10BE13FFAE8" box="[888,1035,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">P. japonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (3) carapace elevated posteriorly, and (4) maxilliped 3 with row of stiff plumose setae on inner margin of basis. No food residue was observed in all ovigerous females of both species, suggesting they completely stop feeding. Although cumacean life cycles have not been investigated sufficiently, degeneration of mouthparts has only been observed previously in the monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E7E7F197E45EFA05" box="[225,362,1465,1489]" class="Malacostraca" family="Nannastacidae" genus="Claudicuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E7E7F197E45EFA05" box="[225,362,1465,1489]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Claudicuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E67DF197E638FA05" authority="Roccatagliata 1981" authorityName="Roccatagliata" authorityYear="1981" box="[379,780,1465,1489]" class="Malacostraca" family="Nannastacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nannastacidae, Roccatagliata 1981</taxonomicName>
), suggesting a possible close relationship to
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E20BF197E0A8FA05" box="[1293,1436,1465,1489]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E20BF197E0A8FA05" box="[1293,1436,1465,1489]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E7CAF1F0E4A1FA22" box="[204,405,1502,1526]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E7CAF1F0E4A1FA22" box="[204,405,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with quite different arrangement of exopods on pereopods. This causes a problem in cumacean taxonomy which largely depends on sexual characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="464E36D09D10DF25E7C1F207E1FAF965" blockId="19.[151,1436,905,2012]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Generally, cumaceans show marked sexual dimorphism, including arrangement of their pereopods and pleopods: males typically have higher numbers of well-developed exopods than females (usually on maxilliped 3 and pereopods 1–4) as more advanced swimming apparatus, along with pleopods which are present in males. Along with presence or absence of a telson, these characters are important for taxonomy of cumaceans.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="464E36D09D10DF22E7C1F290E5CCFECB" blockId="19.[151,1436,905,2012]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,698]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">
Exceptionally, some cumacean genera are characterized by the close similarity between males and females possibly due to suppression of sexual dimorphism, especially the same arrangement of well-developed exopods in both sexes;
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E61BF327E4D5F8F5" box="[285,481,1801,1825]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudocumatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudocumatidae</taxonomicName>
(with 2 pairs of pleopods),
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E41AF327E686F8F5" box="[796,946,1801,1825]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudocumatidae" genus="Kerguelenica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E41AF327E686F8F5" box="[796,946,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Kerguelenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(no pleopods in both sexes,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E3F1F327E0A3F8F5" author="Ledoyer" box="[1271,1431,1801,1825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Ledoyer, M. (1977) Cumaces (Crustacea) del Iles Kerguelen recueillis par le N. O. &quot; La Japonaise &quot; en 1972 et 1974 et par le M. S. &quot; Marion-Dufresne &quot; en 1974. Conte National Francais des Recherches Antarctiques, 42, 193 - 213." type="journal article" year="1977">Ledoyer 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E791F300E48AF892" author="Gerken" box="[151,446,1838,1862]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Gerken, S. &amp; McCarty, A. (2008) Kerguelenica petrescui (Crustacea: Cumacea), a new species from Australian waters. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 28 (3), 564 - 571." type="journal article" year="2008">Gerken &amp; McCarthy 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E6FCF300E749F892" box="[506,637,1838,1862]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudocumatidae" genus="Fontainella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E6FCF300E749F892" box="[506,637,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Fontainella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(with two pairs of small pleopods in males,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E36FF301E0A3F892" author="Bacescu" box="[1129,1431,1838,1863]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Bacescu, M. &amp; Muradian, Z. (1978) Fontainella mediterranea gen. n., sp. n., Cumace (Pseudocumatidae) trouve en Mediterranee orientale. Revue Roumaine de Biologie. Serie de Biologie Animale, 23 (1), 3 - 7." type="journal article" year="1978">Bäcescu &amp; Muradian 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E791F37AE4E0F8B8" author="Lopez-Gonzalez" box="[151,468,1876,1900]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J., Bandera, M. E., Alfonso, M. I. &amp; Garcia-Gomez, J. C. (1996) A rare Mediterranean cumacean, Fontainella mediterranea (Crustacea), at the threshold of the Atlantic Ocean. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 37, 113 - 120." type="journal article" year="1996">López-González et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E6EFF37AE7B8F8B8" box="[489,652,1876,1900]" class="Malacostraca" family="Nannastacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nannastacidae</taxonomicName>
(with no pleopods in both sexes),
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E311F37AE192F8B8" box="[1047,1190,1876,1900]" class="Malacostraca" family="Nannastacidae" genus="Almyracuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E311F37AE192F8B8" box="[1047,1190,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Almyracuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E3B0F37AE5E6F845" author="Jones" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Jones, N. S. &amp; Burbanck, W. D. (1959) Almyracuma proximoculi gen. et sp. nov. (Crustacea, Cumacea) from brackish water of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Biological Bulletin, 116 (1), 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1959">Jones and Burbanck 1959</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E7DBF354E4CEF845" author="Petrescu" box="[221,506,1913,1937]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Petrescu, I. &amp; Heard, R. W. (2004) Redescription of Almyracuma proximoculi Jones &amp; Burbanck, 1959 (Crustacea: Cumacea: Nannastacidae) and description of a new species, A. bacescui n. sp. from the Gulf of Mexico. Travaux du Museum National d' Hisoire Naturelle &quot; Grigore Antipa &quot;, 47, 97 - 109." type="journal article" year="2004">
Petrescu and
<collectingCountry id="3EE676409D10DF25E675F357E483F845" box="[371,439,1913,1937]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Heard</collectingCountry>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
),
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E508F357E79BF845" box="[526,687,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Thalycrocuma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E5BBF357E6AFF845" author="Corbera" box="[701,923,1913,1937]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Corbera, J., Segonzac, M. &amp; Cunha, M. R. (2008) A new deep-sea genus of Nannastacidae (Crustacea, Cumacea) from the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field (Azores Triple Junction, Mid-Atlantic Ridge). Marine Biological Research, 4, 180 - 192." type="journal article" year="2008">Corbera et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E4A8F354E11CF845" box="[942,1064,1914,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Picrocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E4A8F354E11CF845" box="[942,1064,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Picrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E331F357E19BF845" author="Hale" box="[1079,1199,1913,1937]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Hale, H. M. (1936) Cumacea from a South Australian reef. Record of the South Australian Museum, 5, 404 - 438." type="journal article" year="1936">Hale 1936</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E3BDF357E1C2F845" author="Hale" box="[1211,1270,1913,1937]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Hale, H. M. (1945) Australian Cumacea. No. 9. The family Nannastacidae. Record of the South Australian Museum, 8, 145 - 218." type="journal article" year="1945">1945</bibRefCitation>
; Muhlenhardt-
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E791F3B0E415F862" author="Siegel" box="[151,289,1950,1974]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Muhlenhardt-Siegel, U. (2003) Shallow-water cumacean Crustacea from Australia and Lonbok (Indonesia): families Bodotridae and Leuconidae. Records of the South Australian Museum, 36, 21 - 57." type="journal article" year="2003">Siegel 2003</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E633F3B0E48DF862" box="[309,441,1950,1974]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bodotriidae</taxonomicName>
(usually having five pairs of pleopods in males),
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E4EAF3B0E156F862" box="[1004,1122,1950,1974]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Spilocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E4EAF3B0E156F862" box="[1004,1122,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Spilocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(with no pleopods,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E242F3B0E5E6F808" author="Watling" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Watling, L. (1977) Two new genera and a new subfamily of Bodotriidae (Crustacea: Cumacea) from easter North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89, 593 - 598." type="journal article" year="1977">Watling 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E7D8F3EAE4D6F808" author="Omholt" box="[222,482,1988,2012]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Omholt, E. &amp; Heard R. W. (1979) A new species of Spilocuma (Cumacea: Bodotriidae: Mancocumatinae) from the Gulf of Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 92, 184 - 194." type="journal article" year="1979">
Omholt &amp;
<collectingCountry id="3EE676409D10DF25E65CF3EAE4ABF808" box="[346,415,1988,2012]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Heard</collectingCountry>
1979
</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D10DF25E6F0F3EBE7B5F808" box="[502,641,1989,2012]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Mancocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D10DF25E6F0F3EBE7B5F808" box="[502,641,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="39">Mancocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(with two pairs of small pleopods in males,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E37CF3EAE023F808" author="Zimmer" box="[1146,1303,1988,2012]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Zimmer, C. (1943) Uber neue und weniger bekannte Cumaceen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 141, 148 - 167." type="journal article" year="1943">Zimmer 1943</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D10DF25E225F3EAE06BF808" author="Zimmer" box="[1315,1375,1988,2012]" pageId="19" pageNumber="39" refString="Zimmer, C. (1980) Cumaceans of the American Atlantic boreal coast region (Crustacea: Peracarida). Smithonian Contribution to Zoology, 302, 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E791F4B6E42AFF64" box="[151,286,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Speleocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E791F4B6E42AFF64" box="[151,286,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Speleocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(with two pairs of pleopods in males,
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D17DF22E5C8F4B9E659FF7B" author="Corbera" box="[718,877,151,175]" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" refString="Corbera, J. (2002) Amphi-Atlantic distribution of the Mancocumatinae (Cumacea: Bodotriidae), with description of a new genus dwelling in marine lava caves of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 134, 453 - 461." type="journal article" year="2002">Corbera 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E479F4B6E17CFF64" box="[895,1096,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E479F4B6E17CFF64" box="[895,1096,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a new genus, is an additional case. Similarity of this genus to
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E500F493E7A1FF01" box="[518,661,189,213]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E500F493E7A1FF01" box="[518,661,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is characterized by normal sexual dimorphism, suggests that these genera should be treated as exceptional cases in cumacean phylogenetic analysis based only on external morphology.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="464E36D09D17DF22E7C1F503E649FD6E" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,698]" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">
The adult male antenna 2 is rather different between
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E42EF503E683FE91" box="[808,951,301,325]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E42EF503E683FE91" box="[808,951,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E4F4F503E18FFE91" box="[1010,1211,301,325]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E4F4F503E18FFE91" box="[1010,1211,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Male antenna 2 of Japanese
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E607F57DE4A4FEBF" box="[257,400,339,363]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Atlantocuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E607F57DE4A4FEBF" box="[257,400,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Atlantocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the flagellum of 10 (plus 1 minute) articles, is almost normal, but possibly represents a primitive form of a clasping antenna, based on (1) flagellum shorter than peduncle, (2) the appendage occasionally bent between peduncle and flagellum (
<figureCitation id="DECA2A559D17DF22E554F5B3E7A1FE61" box="[594,661,413,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1659,1682]" captionTargetBox="[154,1428,196,1622]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1638]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Atlantocuma ojii sp. nov., adult male. A, lateral view; B, anterior portion of body, from above; C, anterior portion of carapace, lateral view; D, antenna 1; E, antenna 2; F maxilliped 3; G – K, pereopods 1 – 5; Q, uropod with pleonite 6." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209724/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A), and (3) flagellum article 1 with steep taper at basal region (
<figureCitation id="DECA2A559D17DF22E268F5B3E593FE0E" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1866,1889]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,205,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Atlantocuma gamoi sp. nov., adult male. A, lateral view; B, anterior portion of body, from above; C, anterior portion of carapace, lateral view; D, sculpture of integument of carapace; E, antenna 1; F, antenna 2; G, maxilliped 3; H – L, pereopods 1 – 5; Q, uropod with pleonite 6." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209720/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
F). In
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E7EAF5EDE481FE0F" box="[236,437,451,475]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E7EAF5EDE481FE0F" box="[236,437,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this appendage (
<figureCitation id="DECA2A559D17DF22E578F5ECE7FAFE0E" box="[638,718,450,474]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[200,1392,203,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[187,1401,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 13. Pseudopicrocuma japonicum sp. nov., adult male. A, lateral view; B, anterior portion of body, from above; C, anterior portion of carapace, lateral view; D, antenna 1; E, antenna 2; F maxilliped 3; G – K, pereopods 1 – 5; Q, uropod with pleonite 6." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209729/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
E) is obviously clasping, representing a more derived form; (1) the appendage geniculate between peduncle and basal article of flagellum; (2) flagellum of only 4 (
<specimenCount id="50F7FD599D17DF22E3F0F5C9E042FE2B" box="[1270,1398,487,511]" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
) or 5 (
<specimenCount id="50F7FD599D17DF22E7B2F623E40BFDF1" box="[180,319,525,549]" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
) large articles with triangular process on inner margin, except for distal 2 minute ones. Fusion of the peduncle articles 4 and 5 would make this appendage work as an advanced clasping arm. The flagellum of
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E25AF61AE41EFDA4" class="Malacostraca" family="Bodotriidae" genus="Pseudopicrocuma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E25AF61AE41EFDA4" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Pseudopicrocuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consisting of about half the number of articles, compared with
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E4EAF676E159FDA4" box="[1004,1133,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Atlantocum</emphasis>
a, may be a result of fusion of the articles of the flagellum. In
<taxonomicName id="81F14D539D17DF22E526F653E6E2FD41" box="[544,982,637,661]" class="Malacostraca" family="Leuconidae" genus="Nippoleucon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cumacea" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hinumensis">
<emphasis id="7485EAC29D17DF22E526F653E601FD41" box="[544,821,637,661]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="40">Nippoleucon hinumensis</emphasis>
(Leuconidae)
</taxonomicName>
, incomplete fusion of the articles of the male antenna 2 flagellum occurs at proximal region (
<bibRefCitation id="22604B219D17DF22E5E1F68CE644FD6E" author="Gamo" box="[743,880,674,698]" pageId="20" pageNumber="40" refString="Gamo, S. (1967) Studies on the Cumacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) of Japan. Part I. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 15, 133 - 163." type="journal article" year="1967">Gamô 1967</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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