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<document id="9A4835C5F4B96BF3FC264D0B5EE8AC49" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="581887e9-1f43-42bb-a551-0b0afd7615f7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="289495" ID-ZooBank="4406DCAA-1A58-442F-8DDE-9A7356E314EE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461261572511" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kupriyanova, Elena K., Sun, Yanan, Ten Hove, Harry A., Wong, Eunice &amp; Rouse, Greg W." docDate="2015" docId="2C77C3074402FF8CFF32F11AFD01DE8D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04019p353.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4019 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Salmacina Claparede 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="310" masterDocId="D04EBB7F4421FFAFFFA5F224FFCFD840" masterDocTitle="Serpulidae (Annelida) of Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="275" pageNumber="310" updateTime="1698609620731" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="DD32A119C55224016D6C714C8EC6FD80">Serpulidae (Annelida) of Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8DCB006ECA9BFE4812AF1C934DAA36AC">Kupriyanova, Elena K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9C47B6488412AB8EB8F721B37F2314E1">Sun, Yanan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="51D4EE5CD364920CE2E1487BD0B71AC5">Ten Hove, Harry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C233EC22E10BE6D08881F86E5811FC54">Wong, Eunice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A9FE0759E44A12F2AF1868BFA981772">Rouse, Greg W.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="2C77C3074402FF8CFF32F11AFD01DE8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6108334" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119637170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6108334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C77C3074402FF8CFF32F11AFD01DE8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2C77C3074402FF8CFF32F11AFD01DE8D" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">
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<paragraph id="A46172114402FF8CFF32F11AFD8DDB18" blockId="35.[151,578,830,856]" box="[151,578,830,856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">
<heading id="FF29C57D4402FF8CFF32F11AFD8DDB18" bold="true" box="[151,578,830,856]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" reason="1">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFF32F11AFD8DDB18" bold="true" box="[151,578,830,856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFF4BF11AFD8DDB18" ID-CoL="84TDG" authority="Claparede, 1870" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" box="[238,578,830,856]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Salmacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFF4BF11AFEA0DB18" bold="true" box="[238,367,830,856]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Salmacina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFED3F11AFD8DDB18" author="Claparede" box="[374,578,830,856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Claparede, E. (1870) Les annelides chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Annelides sedentaires. Supplement. Memoires de la Societe de physique et d'histoire naturelle de Geneve, 20, 1 - 225, 365 - 542." type="journal article" year="1870">Claparède, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A46172114402FF8CFF32F15AFD23DBD7" blockId="35.[151,748,894,919]" box="[151,748,894,919]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFF32F15AFEFBDBD7" bold="true" box="[151,308,894,919]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Type-species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFE9EF15AFD23DBD7" authority="Claparede, 1870" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" box="[315,748,894,919]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Salmacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="incrustans">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFE9EF15AFDE2DBD6" box="[315,557,894,919]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Salmacina incrustans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFD91F15AFD23DBD7" author="Claparede" box="[564,748,894,919]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Claparede, E. (1870) Les annelides chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Annelides sedentaires. Supplement. Memoires de la Societe de physique et d'histoire naturelle de Geneve, 20, 1 - 225, 365 - 542." type="journal article" year="1870">Claparède, 1870</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ECC4219A4402FF8CFF32F19BFD2BDD00" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A46172114402FF8CFF32F19BFD2BDD00" blockId="35.[151,1437,959,1741]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFF32F19BFEDEDB98" bold="true" box="[151,273,959,984]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
(from ten
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFE35F1E4FD01DB98" author="Hove" box="[400,718,959,984]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Kupriyanova, E. K., Hove, H. A. ten, Sket, B., Zaksek, V., Trontelj, P. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2009) Evolution of the unique freshwater cave-dwelling tube worm Marifugia cavatica (Annelida: Serpulidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 7, 389 - 401. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200009990168" type="journal article" year="2009">Hove &amp; Kupriyanova 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Worms form open aggregates consisting of large numbers of tiny whitish tubes, circular in cross-section without further diagnostic features; granular overlay absent. Operculum and pseudoperculum absent, sometimes swollen tips of radioles present. Radioles arranged in semi-circles, up to 4 radioles per lobe. Inter-radiolar membrane and stylodes absent. Branchial eyes may be present. Mouth palps present. Six to twelve thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed, tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes forming apron. Collar
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFE32F650FE24DCCD" box="[407,491,1140,1165]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
fin-and-blade, distal blade well separated from fin, and limbate.
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFB75F650FA8FDCCB" box="[1232,1344,1140,1163]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFB75F650FA8FDCCB" box="[1232,1344,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Apomatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFAEDF650FA53DCCD" box="[1352,1436,1140,1165]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
present. Thoracic uncini rasp-shaped, rectangular to wedge-shaped (triangular) in frontal view, with 212 teeth in a transverse row, with up to 10 teeth in profile view; anterior fang pointed. Thoracic triangular depression absent. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone present. Abdominal
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFC85F6FBFCBBDCB8" box="[800,884,1247,1272]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
flat narrow geniculate with pointed teeth along edge. Uncini similar to thoracic ones, with more teeth in the transverse rows, and squarish peg. Long posterior capillary
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFEA5F703FE9BDD00" box="[256,340,1319,1344]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
and posterior glandular pad absent.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ECC4219A4402FF8CFF62F768FD01DE8D" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A46172114402FF8CFF62F768FD01DE8D" blockId="35.[151,1437,959,1741]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFF62F768FEF4DD25" bold="true" box="[199,315,1356,1381]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Remarks.</emphasis>
The nominal genera
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFDEDF768FCB6DD25" authority="Berkeley, 1835" authorityName="Berkeley" authorityYear="1835" box="[584,889,1356,1381]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Filograna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFDEDF768FD75DD25" box="[584,698,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Filograna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFD6DF768FCB6DD25" author="Berkeley" box="[712,889,1356,1381]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Berkeley, M. J. (1835) Observations upon the Dentalium subulatum of Deshayes. Zoological Journal, London, 5, 424 - 427." type="journal article" year="1835">Berkeley, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(operculate) and
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFBF0F768FB04DD25" box="[1109,1227,1356,1381]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Salmacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFBF0F768FB04DD25" box="[1109,1227,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Salmacina</emphasis>
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(non-operculate), contain a number of small, asexually reproducing taxa, without distinctive morphological characters. Discussions are given by Nogueira &amp; ten
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFE78F7B1FD11DDED" author="Hove" box="[477,734,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Nogueira, J. M. M. de &amp; Hove, H. A. ten (2000) On a new species of Salmacina Claparede, 1870 (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Beaufortia, 50, 151 - 161." type="journal article" year="2000">Hove (2000: 151153)</bibRefCitation>
, ten
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFCB6F7B1FB4DDDEC" author="Hove" box="[787,1154,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Kupriyanova, E. K., Hove, H. A. ten, Sket, B., Zaksek, V., Trontelj, P. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2009) Evolution of the unique freshwater cave-dwelling tube worm Marifugia cavatica (Annelida: Serpulidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 7, 389 - 401. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200009990168" type="journal article" year="2009">Hove &amp; Kupriyanova (2009: 42)</bibRefCitation>
and most recently a very extensive analysis was given by Ben-Eliahu &amp; ten
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFD5FF79CFC25DD90" author="Hove" box="[762,1002,1463,1488]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. &amp; Hove, H. A. ten (2011) Serpulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Suez Canal-from a Lessepsian migration perspective (a monograph). Zootaxa, 2848, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2011">Hove (2011: 6271)</bibRefCitation>
; however, they all conclude that the complex is badly in need of a revision. Moreover, being small, often unnoticed but nevertheless very common in (ship)fouling communities, a distribution heavily influenced by human interference is very likely; such a revision only can be furthered with help of molecular data. One nominal species,
<taxonomicName id="63DE09924402FF8CFC70F400FAABDE7D" authority="Haswell, 1885" authorityName="Haswell" authorityYear="1885" box="[981,1380,1572,1597]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Salmacina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="96AAAE034402FF8CFC70F400FB79DE7D" box="[981,1206,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Salmacina australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE04402FF8CFB1BF400FAABDE7D" author="Haswell" box="[1214,1380,1572,1597]" pageId="35" pageNumber="310" refString="Haswell, W. A. (1885) The marine annelids of the order Serpulea. Some observations on their anatomy, with the characteristics of the Australian species. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 9 (3), 649 - 675." type="journal article" year="1885">Haswell, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was described from Port Jackson, NSW,
<collectingCountry id="DCC932814402FF8CFDECF463FD7DDE20" box="[585,690,1607,1632]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and later mentioned from the temperate-cold southern part of
<collectingCountry id="DCC932814402FF8CFF32F448FECEDEC5" box="[151,257,1644,1669]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="DCC932814402FF8CFEE3F449FE29DEC5" box="[326,486,1644,1669]" name="New Zealand" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
. From biogeographic and ecological viewpoints, it is unlikely that such a coldtemperate taxon would occur in the tropical Indo-West Pacific region as well. We therefore refrain from attributing a specific name to the material from Lizard
<collectingCountry id="DCC932814402FF8CFD27F490FD05DE8D" box="[642,714,1716,1741]" name="Iceland" pageId="35" pageNumber="310">Island</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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